tai lieu nghien cuu khoa hoc

THE USING OF REALIA IN TEACHING SPEAKING FOR THE EIGHTH
GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP KATOLIK REMBON
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTON
A. Background of the Study
Nowadays, English is getting more important roles in our life including
Indonesia. Therefore, Indonesian government has decided that English is one of subject
curriculums in Indonesian school.
In learning English, there are four skills that need to be master by students.
They are listening, speaking, reading and writing. Listening and reading are receptive
skills and speaking and writing are productive skills. The four skills are important. But,
of all the four skills, speaking seems intuitively the most important.
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTON
There are many activities to make a fun activity in teaching speaking in the classroom.
For example by using visual aids, one of them is realia. “Realia can be use to teach
specific grammar points, drills and speaking.” Language teacher use realia in order to
attract student’s attention and facilitate them to understand the lesson better.
Because realia is one of interesting visual aids in speaking activity which
provide an opportunity for the students to practice English speaking skill, the writer
would like to observe the application of teaching speaking using realia and to measure the
success of using realia in speaking class.
B. Limitation of the Study
In this study, the writer limits her discussion on the using realia influence
teaching speaking skill of the eighth grade students of Smp Katolik Rembon. The
material lesson that can the writer choose by using realia are describe someone/
something (description) and how to make something (procedure).
C. Research Problems
Can the using of realia influence the competence in teaching speaking skill
of the eighth grade students of SMP Katolik Rembon?
D.

Objectives of the Study

The objective of the research is to find out the using realia influence the
competence in teaching speaking skill of the eighth grade students of SMP Katolik
Rembon.
Significances of the Study
The writer is expecting to be used as one of alternative techniques for
English teachers to solve their students’ anxieties in speaking English. The writer wants
to know the students’ competence after learning speaking by using realia.
The writer hopes that this research can give some more knowledge and
contribution for the readers about the application of realia in teaching speaking.
.

Research Method


In this research, the writer used experimental method, where the writer
will research the using realia influence the competence in teaching speaking skill of the
eighth grade students of SMP Katolik Rembon.
G.
Definitions of Key Terms
- Teaching speaking skill is imparting knowledge to express thoughts, opinions, or
feelings orally.
- Realia is a term used in education and library science. In education realia are objects
from real life used in classroom instruction.
Sequence of Presentation
This proposal consists of five chapters. Chapter one Introduction, this
chapter present the background of the study, limitation of the study, research problems,
objectives of the study, significances of the study, research method, key words definition,
sequence of presentation. Chapter two, Review of Literature, Previous study, and
Theoretical framework. Chapter three research methodology, setting, data sources,
population, sample, research instrument, data collection, and data analysis.

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
Review of Literature
1. Definition of Speaking
According to Harmer (1991: 46-47) states that when the two
people are engaged in talking to each other we can be sure that they in general way to
suggest that a speaker makes a define decision to address someone. Speaking may be
forced on him in the way but we still say that he wants or intends to speak, otherwise he
would keep silent
Speaking Ability
According to Heaton (1998:90) states that defines speaking ability. “As the ability
to communicate ideas appropriately and effectively. To sum up, speaking ability is the
ability to speak appropriately and effectively in a real communicative situation in order to
communicate ideas to others’’.
. Teaching Speaking Ability
Teaching speaking ability is very important part in second language learning.
The ability to communicate in second language clearly and efficiently contribute to the
success of the learner in the school and success later in every phase of life.
Therefore it is essential that language teacher pay great attention in
teaching speaking ability so that the teacher should make various activities to promote
speaking to students,
4. Realia
Realia is a term for any real, concrete object used in or out the classroom
to create connections with vocabulary words, stimulate conversation, and build
background knowledge. It is used by teacher to demonstrate real life (particularly of
peoples studied). Objects that are intrinsically interesting can provide a good starting
point for a variety of language work and communication activities. Realia also make
learning process more enjoyable.
Realia in Teaching Speaking
The success or failure of teaching learning process is depend on several

factors, one of them is media that used by teacher. Listyaning Sumardiyani and Zullfa


Sakhiyya (2007:47) stated that Media is a means of communication to help transfering
the message and give power to the material presentation so it will be understood easier
and staying longer in memory retention. realia is one of media that can use in teaching
learning process Realia is include in media diverse.
. Previous Studies
The writer has read the thesis by Erni Rokhmawati with her thesis the use of realia to
improve students’ speaking ability in procedure text in the school year 2010-2011. In this
study, the researcher focused on the investigation of the improvement of students’
speaking ability by using realia for ninth grade of MTs. Mathalibul Huda Mlonggo
Jepara. In this thesis she concluded that the use of realia could improve students’ ability
on speaking procedure text.
. Theoretical Framework
Based on the relevant study above, it can be concluded that realia is a term
for any real, concrete object used in the classroom to create connections with vocabulary
words, stimulate conversation, and build background knowledge.
In this research, the researcher uses multiple measure of speaking ability
as the basic instrument in assessing speaking ability. Specifically, researcher uses oral
report to test student speaking ability. Media is used to help the language test.
Hypotesis
H1:
If the using realia can influence the competence in teaching speaking skill of
the eighth grade students of SMP Katolik Rembon it means that hypothesis is
accepted.
H0:
If the using realia can not influence the
competence in teaching speaking
skill of

the eighth grade students of SMP Katolik Rembon it means that
hypothesis is refused.
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Setting
This research will be conducted in eighth grade students of SMP Katolik
Rembon. It is located in jalan poros Rembon-Ulusalu. This research will start on July
2014.
B. Data Sources
Primary Sources
The primary sources are the students where the writer will get the data in
oral test by the students in SMP KATOLIK REMBON especially in the eighth grade
students.
Secondary Sources
Base on the data the primary source the writer will get the data from
another source such us the writer read some books in the library, in the website and so on
that can relevant with this research.
. Population and Sample
Population
The population of the research is the eighth class students of SMP Katolik
Rembon academic year 2014/2015. It consists of 70 students. It chooses class VIII A.


Sample
The writer will choose class VIII A as experimental class. It is consist of
20 students. The writer chooses the sample by cluster sampling.
Research Instrument
The instrument of this research will collect by using oral-test. It is aimed
to know the using realia influence the competence in teaching speaking skill of the eighth
grade students of SMP Katolik Rembon.

. Data Collection
Library Research
The writer visits the library to read book, articles, or other information from internet
which are related to the topic of this research.
Field Research
The data collecting by following procedures:
Pre Test
The pre-test for the students is carried out to get their score. The students will be present
procedure and descriptive orally.
Treatment
The writer will teach procedure and descriptive by using realia to experiment class.
Post Test
Post-test is administered after applying treatment. The post-test is given by asking
students to present procedure and descriptive orally.
Data Analysis
Mean Score
Data analysis will be done by using descriptive technique. It descriptive in the table
percentage and the formula as follow:
Where

N

:
= Mean score
= Total Score
= The number of respondents
Gay, (2006:320

Correct Answer
The determine the score of each other item; the incorrect answers were

given zero score. The score of the students can be found by counting the correct answers
for each test.
Variable Measure
To measure the students correct answer of the test, the writer use students
score. The student’s score are classifying into five levels as follow:
Score 90-100 will classify as very good


Score 80-89 will classify as good.
Score 65-79 will classify as fair.
Score 55-64 will classify as poor.
Harmer (2004:32)
Arsyad, Azhar. 2003. Media Pembelajaran, Jakarta: PT. Raja Grapindo Persada.
Dian Wahyu Sokhibiyah. 2007. The Effectiveness of Using Realia to Teach Vocabulary
to the fourth grade students of SDN 01 Kebonbatur Mranggen Demak.
Erni Rokhmawati. 2010. Improvement of students’ speaking ability by using realia for
ninth grade of MTs. Mathalibul Huda Mlonggo Jepara.
Gay, L.R,et all. 2006. Educational Research for Analysis and Allocation. New Jersey:
Person: Merill Prostice Hall.
Harmer, J. 1991. The practice of English language teaching. Essex, UK: Longman.
________.2004. English Language Teaching. New York: Longman.
Heaton, J.B. 1998. Writing English Test.
Nunan, David.1992. Research Method in Language Learning.Cambridge: University.
Robert, Lado. 1979. Language testing and constructive and use of foreign test. Longman
Group Ltd.
Sumardiyani, Listyaning dan Zulfa Sakhiyya. 2007. Speaking for Instructional Purpose.
Semarang:IKIP PGRI PRESS.