Pipelines 2014 thiết kế đường ống
Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (3.63 MB, 148 trang )
PIPELINES
DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION
AND
MAINTENANCE
PREPARED BY
dr .MOUFFAK TAHA ALI
()
COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. What is the function of pipelines? Classification of pipelines
2. Pipeline components
3. Pipes & pipe supports
4. Steel pipe specifications, pipe diameters
5. Expansion joints, post installation inspection
6. Pipeline design- Factors that affect the design process
7. Overview of standards that provide guidance on design, construction and
maintenance.
AUGUST 2014
2
COURSE OBJECTIVES
8. Pipeline routing process, selection of pipeline route
9. Detailed design parameters
10. Choosing the appropriate material grade for the pipeline
11. Pipeline coating, pipeline protection
12. Pipeline construction and pipeline testing
13. Operation, operation problems
14. Pigging
AUGUST 2014
3
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF PIPE LINES?
The most common means of transporting liquids and gases
What are the major differences between pipelines and other flow lines?
1.Pipelines have minimum number of curves, they have no sharp bends
2. Often either buried or inaccessible
AUGUST 2014
4
CLASSIFICATION OF PIPELINES
Pipeline could be classified with respect to:
1. The fluid in the pipeline
Liquid
Gas
2. The pipeline buried under ground or overland or under the sea (submarine pipeline)
3. The function of the pipeline:
Gathering pipelines
Transportation pipelines, and
Distribution pipelines
AUGUST 2014
5
THE TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL GAS
Natural gas pipeline consist of:
1. The pipeline
2. The compression station
3. Metering station
4. Control valves & isolating valves
5. Control and operating station
AUGUST 2014
6
PIPELINE COMPONENTS (EITHER LIQUID OR GAS)
1. Initial injection station (supply or inlet station)
2. Compressor / pump station
3. Partial delivery station
4. Block valve station (to isolate any segment of pipeline)
5. Pressure and flow regulating station
6.
Final delivery station
AUGUST 2014
7
PIPELINE COMPONENTS (EITHER LIQUID OR GAS)
Pipeline components can be grouped into the following groups:
1. Pipes (include pipe supports, expansion joints..etc)
2. Valves (for isolation, control flow rate , control pressure,
prevent reverse flow, and as a safety device)
3. Pumping station
4. Compression station
5. Metering station
6. Control room
AUGUST 2014
8
PIPELINE COMPONENTS
1. PIPES & PIPE SUPORTS
PIPE MANUFACTURING METHODS
1. Seamless pipe (pipes with no weld)
2. Electric resistance weld pipe (ERW)
3. Longitudinal-seam submerged –arc welded pipe (LSAW).
4. Spiral submerged arc-welded pipe (SSAW)
AUGUST 2014
9
PIPE MANUFACTURING METHODS
1. Seamless pipe (pipes with no weld)
AUGUST 2014
10
PIPE MANUFACTURING METHODS
2. Electric resistance weld pipe (ERW)
AUGUST 2014
11
PIPE MANUFACTURING METHODS
AUGUST 2014
3. Longitudinal-seam submerged –arc welded pipe
(LSAW).
12
PIPE MANUFACTURING METHODS
3. Longitudinal-seam
submerged –arc welded
pipe (LSAW).
AUGUST 2014
13
STEEL PIPE SPECIFICATIONS
The elements of steel pipe specification are:
1. Diameter (both external and internal)
2. Pipe nominal size
3. Nominal pipe wall thickness
4. Length of the pipe
5. The weight, the surface area(ASME B 36.10M and B 36.19) for
stainless steel pipes
AUGUST 2014
14
STEEL PIPE SPECIFICATIONS
PIPE DIAMETERS
Steel pipe up to 12 inches The inside diameter is the nominal size
Steel pipe bigger than 12 inches The outside diameter is used as
nominal size diameter
AUGUST 2014
15
EXPANSION JOINTS
What is the function of expansion joints?
It is used to provide some flexibility
1. The flexibility could be in axial direction to accept the thermal
expansion
2. It never be used in buried (underground) pipelines
3. Main applications in compressor station and pumping stations,
and rarely used in over ground pipelines
4. Flexible rubber joint is used also to eliminate transmission of
vibration
AUGUST 2014
16
METALLIC EXPANSION JOINTS
AUGUST 2014
17
FLEXIBLE RUBBER EXPANSION JOINTS
AUGUST 2014
18
FLEXIBLE RUBBER EXPANSION JOINTS
AUGUST 2014
19
FLEXIBLE RUBBER EXPANSION JOINTS
AUGUST 2014
20
FLEXIBLE RUBBER EXPANSION JOINTS
AUGUST 2014
21
PIPE SUPPORTS
What is the function of pipe supports?
1. Carry the weight of the pipeline + the fluid inside
2. Allow for thermal expansion in the pipeline
Types of pipe supports:
1. Fixed point supports (does not allow for any movement)
2. Floating point pipe supports
3. Hanged pipe supports which divided to:
Fixed height
Spring hangers
AUGUST 2014
22
PIPE SUPPORTS
Pipe supports are used to carry the pipe in the following cases:
1. Inside the pumping /compression stations
2. In over-ground pipe lines
For buried pipe lines (under ground pipelines) no supports are
needed. The pipeline is supported completely on soft fine sand
AUGUST 2014
23
FLOATING PIPE SUPPORT
Metal clamp on support
AUGUST 2014
24
HANGED PIPE SUPPORTS – SPRING HANGERS
Spring hangers:
1. Allow for the pipe to move in the vertical direction when
it is filled with liquid
2. Damp any vibration could happen during operation
25
