Grammar and writing practice book grade 6 SE 180p

Old Yeller

Name

DEVELOP
THE CONCEPT
PROOFREAD

Four Kinds of Sentences
A declarative sentence, or statement, tells something. It ends with a period.
Joey is reading the autobiography of his favorite baseball player.
An interrogative sentence asks a question. It ends with a question mark.
Have you ever written a story about your life?
An imperative sentence gives a command or makes a request. It ends with a period.
You is the understood subject.
Keep a journal of your daily adventures.
An exclamatory sentence shows strong feeling. It ends with an exclamation mark.
How funny my autobiography would be!
An interjection is a word or a group of words that expresses strong feeling. It is not a complete
sentence.
Wow! Hooray! Ouch!

Directions Write D if the sentence is declarative. Write IN if the sentence is interrogative. Write IM
if the sentence is imperative. Write E if the sentence is exclamatory.
1. Many famous people have pets.
2. What is a pet license?
3. Find the groomer’s number in the phone book.
4. You can adopt a pet from an animal shelter.
5. Wow! I never knew Spot could run so fast!
Directions Put a period, a question mark, or an exclamation mark at the end of each sentence to
show what kind of sentence it is.

6. Have you taken the dog for a walk
7. My mom plans to surprise my dad with a new puppy

© Pearson Education

8. Oh, no! The lizard escaped from his tank
9. Megan’s baby sister is allergic to dogs and cats
10. How did your kitten climb onto our roof

Home Activity Your child learned about the four different kinds of sentences. Have your child name the
four kinds of sentences and write an example of each one.

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Old Yeller

Name

APPLY TO WRITING

Four Kinds of Sentences
Directions Change each declarative sentence into an interrogative sentence. Don’t forget the proper

capitalization and end mark.
1. Pablo’s mother is a dog trainer.

2. Our family would enjoy visiting the zoo.

3. The main character of the story is a dog.

4. Soomin’s pet rabbit has had babies.

5. Jacob has taught his dog to roll over.

6. Sarah will take the dog for a run.

Directions Choose a topic, such as a pet, a bike, new clothes, or a type of food. Write a declarative,
an interrogative, an imperative, and an exclamatory sentence about this topic.
7.

8.

9.

© Pearson Education

10.

Home Activity Your child learned how to write the four different kinds of sentences. Ask your child to
find an example of each kind of sentence in a favorite book.

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Old Yeller

Name

TESTPROOFREAD
PREPARATION

Four Kinds of Sentences

© Pearson Education

Directions Mark the letter that identifies the kind of sentence and the end mark that completes the
sentence correctly.
1. Did you research your favorite animal on the Internet
A declarative
.
C imperative
B interrogative
?
D exclamatory

.
!

2. How heavy your turtle is
A declarative
.
B interrogative
?

C imperative
D exclamatory

.
!

3. Please arrive at your appointment with the vet promptly
A declarative
.
C imperative
B interrogative
?
D exclamatory

.
!

4. The animal protection agency helps abused pets
A declarative
.
C imperative

B interrogative
?
D exclamatory

.
!

5. Wow! That was a terrific trick, Pepper
A declarative
.
B interrogative
?

C imperative
D exclamatory

.
!

6. Have you ever ridden a horse
A declarative
.
B interrogative
?

C imperative
D exclamatory

.
!

7. Mr. Stephani’s science class is studying mammals
A declarative
.
C imperative
B interrogative
?
D exclamatory

.
!

8. Will you bring your snake to the science fair
A declarative
.
B interrogative
?

C imperative
D exclamatory

.
!

9. Most pets need food and fresh water daily
A declarative
.
B interrogative
?

C imperative
D exclamatory

.
!

C imperative
D exclamatory

.
!

10. What a remarkable guide dog she has
A declarative
.
B interrogative
?

Home Activity Your child prepared for taking tests on kinds of sentences. With your child, look through
a newspaper article and find examples of the four kinds of sentences.

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Old Yeller

Name

CUMULATIVE REVIEW

Four Kinds of Sentences
Directions Write D if the sentence is declarative. Write IN if the sentence is interrogative. Write IM
if the sentence is imperative. Write E if the sentence is exclamatory.
1. The barking dog saved the family from the fire.
2. My, that’s a beautiful parrot!
3. Have the dogs gone to obedience school?
4. Hang the leash near the back door.
Directions Put a period, a question mark, or an exclamation mark at the end of each sentence
to show what kind it is.
5. Put a tag on your dog’s collar
6. How smart your pet pig is
7. Have you seen my ant farm
8. Don’t feed the dog leftovers
Directions: Write an example of each kind of sentence. Don’t forget the proper capitalization
and end mark.
9. (declarative)

10. (interrogative)

11. (imperative)

12. (exclamatory)

© Pearson Education

13. (exclamatory with an interjection)

Home Activity Your child reviewed the four kinds of sentences. With your child, listen to an interview
on TV. Have your child identify the kinds of sentences the people use in their conversation.

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Mother Fletcher’s Gift

Name

DEVELOP
THE CONCEPT
PROOFREAD

Subjects and Predicates
A sentence must have both a subject and a predicate. The subject is the part of the sentence that
tells whom or what the sentence is about. All the words in the subject are the complete subject.
The most important word in the complete subject is the simple subject. A simple subject can be

more than one word, such as Officer Wagner.
Many hard-working police officers protect our city. The simple subject is officers.
The predicate is the part of a sentence that tells what the subject is or does. All the words in the
predicate are the complete predicate. The most important word in the predicate is the simple
predicate, or verb. A simple predicate can be more than one word, such as has worked.
Many hard-working police officers protect our city. The simple predicate is protect.
A fragment is a group of words that lacks a subject or a predicate.
The police station in our neighborhood.
This fragment lacks a predicate.
A run-on is two or more complete sentences run together.
The police station is on Green Street it is next to the library.
Officers sometimes patrol the area on foot, we feel safe.

Directions Draw a line between the complete subject and the complete predicate in each sentence.
1. Everyone in our neighborhood knows Officer Wagner.
2. Mr. Clement complained about damage to his grocery store.
3. Officer Wagner caught the vandals in one day!
4. A lost kitten was found by the thoughtful police officer.
Directions Underline the simple subject and circle the simple predicate.
5. Many people will visit one another on holidays.
6. Grandpa Johnson is cooking a giant turkey for the whole family.
7. Holidays are a special time for our family.
8. Mrs. Sanders gives food to the needy.
Directions Write F after fragments. Write R after run-ons. Write S after sentences.

© Pearson Education

9. Helping others.
10. Many ways to do that.
11. Mr. Smith cleans up garbage in the park.

12. You can clean up garbage around the neighborhood you can recycle too.
Home Activity Your child learned about subjects and predicates. Have your child write several
sentences describing your neighborhood. Ask your child to circle the complete subject and the
complete predicate in each sentence.

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Mother Fletcher’s Gift

Name

APPLY TO WRITING

Subjects and Predicates
Directions Add a subject or a predicate to each fragment to make a complete sentence. Write the
sentence. Underline the simple subject and simple predicate.
1.
works at the senior center in our community.

2. Volunteers from the neighborhood

.

3.

teaches an arts and crafts class.

4.

enjoy his class.

5.

will hold a bake sale for art supplies for the center.

6. People at the center

8.

.

participate in the center’s many interesting activities.

© Pearson Education

7. The friendly staff

.

Home Activity Your child learned how to write complete sentences with subjects and predicates. Say
a fragment such as My right foot, Learned to dance, The little red car, and went on a trip. Have your
child add a subject or predicate to make a complete sentence.

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Mother Fletcher’s Gift

Name

TESTPROOFREAD
PREPARATION

Subjects and Predicates
Directions Mark the letter of the phrase that correctly identifies the underlined part of the sentence.
1. The Hilldale Police Department provides an important program for the local schools.
A complete subject
C simple subject
B complete predicate
D simple predicate
2. A police officer comes to each school with information for the students.
A complete subject
C simple subject
B complete predicate

D simple predicate
3. The students in first grade learn about bicycle safety.
A complete subject
C simple subject
B complete predicate
D simple predicate
4. Older students are taught about safe driving.
A complete subject
B complete predicate

C simple subject
D simple predicate

5. Officer Dillon is called Officer Friendly by the children in our school.
A complete subject
C simple subject
B complete predicate
D simple predicate
6. The students listen carefully to Officer Friendly’s talks.
A complete subject
C simple subject
B complete predicate
D simple predicate
7. He helps the school with a bicycle safety program.
A complete subject
C simple subject
B complete predicate
D simple predicate
8. Members of the Parents’ Club set up a small traffic course on the parking lot.
A complete subject

C simple subject
B complete predicate
D simple predicate

© Pearson Education

9. Children on bikes must obey traffic signs.
A complete subject
B complete predicate

C simple subject
D simple predicate

10. The mayor of Hilldale gave Officer Friendly an award for his service to the schools.
A complete subject
C simple subject
B complete predicate
D simple predicate

Home Activity Your child prepared for taking tests on subjects and predicates. Find five sentences in a
magazine article or ad. Ask your child to underline the simple subject and circle the simple predicate in
each sentence.

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2/25/05 5:21:45 PM


Mother Fletcher’s Gift

Name

CUMULATIVE REVIEW

Subjects and Predicates
Directions Draw a line between the complete subject and the complete predicate in each sentence.
1. Teresa’s parents have formed a service organization for the community.
2. Many people in our neighborhood are joining the organization.
3. The group will provide help to older people in the community.
4. Each member has a special talent.
5. Mrs. Gallo can fix leaky plumbing.
Directions Write F after fragments. Write R after run-ons. Write S after complete sentences.
6. Can put on a new roof.
7. Mr. Larkin is repairing his next-door neighbor’s driveway he is pouring cement.
8. Neighborhood children will shovel snow in the winter.
9. Some women drive senior citizens to their doctors’ appointments.
10. The Meadowbrook Service Club.
Directions: Add a subject or a predicate to each fragment to make a complete sentence. Write the
sentence. Underline the simple subject and simple predicate.
11. A good neighbor

.

12.

will be working together.

13.

will benefit from the help.

.

© Pearson Education

14. A rundown house on our block

Home Activity Your child reviewed subjects and predicates. Ask your child to prepare a definition
and an example for each of these terms: simple subject, complete subject, simple predicate, complete
predicate, fragment, and run-on.

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Viva New Jersey

Name

DEVELOP
THE CONCEPT
PROOFREAD

Independent and Dependent Clauses
An independent clause has a subject and verb and can stand alone as a complete sentence.
A dependent clause has a subject and a verb but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence.
In the following sentences, the independent clause is underlined once; the dependent clause
is underlined twice. The dependent clause is followed by a comma when it comes before the
independent clause.
Lucinda took the dog home because she was lonely.
Because she was lonely, Lucinda took the dog home.

Directions Write IC after each independent clause and DC after each dependent clause.
1. Because she was friendly.
2. Lucinda ran to the basement and found it empty.
3. Jan bathed Shadow in the backyard.
4. When the power went out.
5. After they crossed the Mississippi River.
6. If Carmen had not seen it.
7. Tenants mingled outside their apartments.
8. The boys won the baseball game.
9. As she called from the window.
10. They were eating dinner.
Directions Underline the independent clause and circle the dependent clause in each sentence.
11. Because the dog was abandoned, Lucinda had to take care of him.
12. The dog caused problems when it ran away.

© Pearson Education

13. Although she was shy, Lucinda talked to Ashley.
14. While Lucinda was gone, her parents almost called the police.
15. Ashley read many books because she wanted to be a writer.

Home Activity Your child learned about independent and dependent clauses. Have your child tell you
what independent and dependent clauses are and give you an example of each.

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2/25/05 5:22:07 PM


Viva New Jersey

Name

APPLY TO WRITING

Independent and Dependent Clauses
Directions Add an independent clause to each dependent clause to make a complete sentence.
1. When I went to the store,
2. Although Henry didn’t feel well,
3. When Maria thought about Cuba,
4. While we were on vacation,

5. After the test was over,
6. Before I could raise my hand,
7. Because Michael broke his leg,
8. Until I finish my homework,
9. Although it was sunny,
10. Unless we ride our bikes,
Directions Add a dependent clause to each independent clause to make it more
interesting.
11.
, Thomas raced down the stairs.
12. Ashley decided to walk to school

13. She was sad
Mom walks a mile.
© Pearson Education

14.

Home Activity Your child learned how to use independent and dependent clauses in writing. Have your
child write a sentence about his or her favorite animal using an independent clause and a dependent
clause.

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Viva New Jersey

Name

TESTPROOFREAD
PREPARATION

Independent and Dependent Clauses
Directions Mark the letter of the phrase that best identifies the underlined words in each sentence.
1. The lights went out when her mom switched the power off.
A Independent clause
C Dependent clause
B Subject
D None of the above
2. The police were not happy that the dog had caused so much trouble.
A Independent clause
C Dependent clause
B Fragment
D None of the above
3. The firefighters put out the fire after it had raged for hours.
A Independent clause
C Dependent clause
B Predicate
D None of the above
4. Bart missed his grandmother, although she had been gone only a few hours.
A Independent clause
C Dependent clause

B Run-on
D None of the above
5. The dog performed because he had many new tricks to show.
A Independent clause
C Dependent clause
B Fragment
D None of the above
6. As lightning flashed around them, the family ran for cover.
A Independent clause
C Dependent clause
B Subject
D None of the above

© Pearson Education

7. Lucinda and her family ate dinner before they went to a movie.
A Independent clause
C Dependent clause
B Predicate
D None of the above
8. Before she came to America, she wanted to be a dancer.
A Independent clause
C Dependent clause
B Run-on
D None of the above
Home Activity Your child prepared for taking tests on independent and dependent clauses. Have your
child look through a newspaper article and find sentences with independent and dependent clauses.

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11/4/05 4:50:39 PM


Viva New Jersey

Name

CUMULATIVE REVIEW

Independent and Dependent Clauses
Directions Write IC if the group of underlined words is an independent clause and DC if it is a
dependent clause.
1.

Since my best friend lives next door, we get to see each other every day.

2.

Because New Jersey is close to New York City, people often commute to New York
to work.

3.

After I thought about them all day, the tamales tasted delicious.

4.

When the lights went out, Martina climbed the stairs in the dark.

5.

Gabriel’s grandmother liked to sing when she couldn’t sleep.

Directions Match each dependent clause with an independent clause to make a complete sentence.
6.

Although the alarm sounded,

A. Kate stayed with her aunt.

7.

Before they became friends,

B. no one left the room.

8.

Whenever it rained,

C. he was still hungry.

9.

While her parents were away,

D. our basement flooded.

After Jose ate lunch,

E. Ann and Lee rarely spoke.

10.

Directions: Add a dependent clause to complete each sentence. Write the new sentence on the line.
11. She helped her mother prepare fried bananas.

12. The dog barked and whimpered all night.

13. Spanish songs made her homesick.

14. The family of four lived in a downtown apartment.

© Pearson Education

15. The stray cat could end up in a shelter.

Home Activity Your child reviewed independent and dependent clauses. Have your child pick out three
examples of sentences with independent and dependent clauses in a magazine article.

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Saving the Rain Forests

Name

TESTPROOFREAD
PREPARATION

Compound and Complex Sentences
Directions Mark the letter of the phrase that best identifies each sentence.
1. Because people needed wood for their houses, much of the forest was damaged.
A Simple sentence
C Complex sentence
B Compound sentence
D Compound-complex sentence
2. Teak and mahogany grow in the forest, and the wood is used to make furniture.
A Simple sentence
C Complex sentence
B Compound sentence
D Compound-complex sentence
3. The leopard catches sight of his prey, but it scurries away.
A Simple sentence
C Complex sentence
B Compound sentence
D Compound-complex sentence

4. Forest plants can be used for headaches, fevers, and toothaches.
A Simple sentence
C Complex sentence
B Compound sentence
D Compound-complex sentence
5. Whenever it rained, Kristy thought about her trip to South America.
A Simple sentence
C Complex sentence
B Compound sentence
D Compound-complex sentence
6. Jesse’s boots were muddy, but he wore them anyway.
A Simple sentence
C Complex sentence
B Compound sentence
D Compound-complex sentence

© Pearson Education

7. Although it was sunny, the forest was very dark, and Allison stumbled and fell.
A Simple sentence
C Complex sentence
B Compound sentence
D Compound-complex sentence
8. The snake slithered over the dried leaves and moss.
A Simple sentence
C Complex sentence
B Compound sentence
D Compound-complex sentence

Home Activity Your child prepared for taking tests on compound and complex sentences. Together

look through a newspaper article. Ask your child to find and circle three compound sentences and three
complex sentences.

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Saving the Rain Forests

Name

APPLY TO WRITING

Compound and Complex Sentences
Directions Join each pair of simple sentences to make a compound sentence. Use a comma and a
conjunction such as and, but, or or.
1. Water from the trees creates clouds.
The water in the clouds falls back as rain.

2. Shut the window.
The basement might flood.

3. Mining is an important industry in the area.
It has damaged the rain forest.

4. The insect might be harmless.
We decided not to touch it.

Directions Add an independent clause to each dependent clause to make a complex sentence.
5. Although we could not see them,

6. When the medicine arrived,

© Pearson Education

7. While Jack slept,

8. After we ate dinner at the campsite,

Home Activity Your child learned how to use compound and complex sentences in writing. Have your
child choose a simple sentence from a book and rewrite it first to make a compound sentence and then
to make a complex sentence.

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Saving the Rain Forests

Name

DEVELOP
THE CONCEPT
PROOFREAD

Compound and Complex Sentences
A simple sentence has a complete subject and a complete predicate.
The clouds gathered quickly.
A compound sentence has two or more simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction
such as and, but, or or.
The clouds gathered quickly, and the leaves rustled in the wind.
A complex sentence has one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.
Although it was sunny just a moment ago, the clouds gathered quickly.
A compound-complex sentence has more than one independent clause and at least one
dependent clause.
Although it was sunny just a moment ago, the clouds gathered quickly, and the leaves rustled
in the wind.

Directions Identify each sentence as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.
1. The forest ranger is speaking at my school, and I can’t wait to hear him.
2. When it rains, it pours.
3. When they got back from the boat tour, Donna took a nap, and Terry read the paper.

4. Paul looked up at the tree, and he saw a huge fern.
5. Many species of plants and animals live in the rain forest.
6. Although I have a map, I can’t find the camp.
Directions Complete each compound sentence with the conjunction and, but, or or.

7. She loved to hike,

she loved to camp.

8. Some animals live among the leaves,

© Pearson Education

9. We must protect the rain forests,
10. Larry loved the rain,
11. Forest fires are common,
12. You need to hurry,

some live on the tree trunks.
they will disappear.
Darla did not.
they endanger the rain forest.
I’ll leave you behind.

Home Activity Your child learned about compound and complex sentences. Have your child tell you
what compound and complex sentences are. Then ask your child to find one example of each kind of
sentence in a magazine article.

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Saving the Rain Forests

Name

CUMULATIVE REVIEW

Compound and Complex Sentences
Directions Identify each sentence as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.
1. The chameleon scurried up the tree and disappeared into a hole.

2. Before he knew it, dinner was ready, and everyone was waiting for him.

3. Tropical rain forests are valuable, but they are disappearing rapidly.

Directions Complete each compound sentence with the conjunction and, but, or or.
4. We could hear the waterfall in the distance,
5. I stumbled over a tree root,

it sounded very loud.

I didn’t lose my balance.

6. Don’t lose sight of the group,

you may get lost.

7. The toucan’s bill is very large,

it is not heavy.

Directions Underline the dependent clause in each complex sentence.
8. I will leave for the campsite at six unless I hear from you.
9. After he stalked his prey, the jaguar sat and waited.
10. Whenever the forest ranger called the campers on his cell phone, he got a busy signal.
11. Toucans are hard to overlook in the rain forest because they have brightly colored feathers.

© Pearson Education

12. Although he left for Brazil on Tuesday, he did not arrive until Thursday.

Home Activity Your child reviewed complex and compound sentences. Give your child a simple
sentence, such as Our dinner is ready. Ask your child to make the sentence into a compound sentence
and then into a complex sentence.

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When Crowbar Came

Name

DEVELOP
THE CONCEPT
PROOFREAD

Common and Proper Nouns
A common noun names any person, place, or thing.
The shiny coins jingled in his pocket.
A proper noun names a particular person, place, or thing. When a proper noun is more than
one word, capitalize only the important word or words.
Her cousin lives in South America. Aunt Jean visited the Statue of Liberty.
Some proper nouns, including titles for people, have short forms called abbreviations that begin
with capital letters and end with periods.
Gen. Jones visited the middle school. I met Edward Wu, Jr.

Directions Underline the proper nouns and circle the common nouns.
1. Dr. Tee Van chuckled at the bird.
2. My uncle put his money in the National State Bank.
3. Aunt Louise worked in her garden.
4. Mrs. George just became an aunt.
5. Our neighbors moved from Maine to Oregon.
6. Dad and Rev. Johnson had lunch on Saturday.
7. She bought presents for Aunt Sue.
8. May I have more broccoli, Mom?
Directions Rewrite the proper nouns using correct capitalization, punctuation, and abbreviations
where possible.
9. doctor martin luther king, junior
10. general forrester

© Pearson Education

11. doctor bart from boston
12. reverend smith

Home Activity Your child learned about common nouns and proper nouns. Have your child tell you the
difference between common nouns and proper nouns and find examples of each in a magazine.

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When Crowbar Came

Name

APPLY TO WRITING

Common and Proper Nouns
Directions Write a sentence using a common noun and a proper noun, as indicated, for the words
in ( ).
Example: (name, P/animal, C) Kirby is my dog.
1. (relative, P/food, C)
2. (country, P/season, C)

3. (friend, P /vehicle, C)
4. (title, P /hobby, C)
5. (holiday, P /clothing, C)
Directions Rewrite the sentences using correct capitalization for proper nouns.
6. bobby attends turner middle school in wellston, iowa.

7. crowbar stayed with the georges for two-and-a-half years.

8. twig’s test is scheduled for next tuesday.

9. the harvest bakery sells pumpkin pies only in november.

10. last year luke and his friends visited the statue of liberty.

11. i drove my cousin to union station.

© Pearson Education

12. ms. roberts lives on beale street.

Home Activity Your child learned how to use common and proper nouns in writing. Ask your child to
write sentences describing your community. Then have your child underline the common nouns and
circle the proper nouns he or she used.

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When Crowbar Came

Name

TESTPROOFREAD
PREPARATION

Common and Proper Nouns
Directions Mark the letter that lists the proper nouns in each sentence.
1. One Saturday in September, a crow arrived at our door.
A morning, September
C Saturday, September
B Saturday, crow
D crow, door
2. The Midwest is part of the United States.
A Midwest, part
B United States

C Midwest, States
D Midwest, United States

3. Captain John sailed down the Hudson River.
A Captain John, Hudson River
B Captain John, sailed

C John, Hudson
D Captain, River

4. My sister Pam works at a bank in town.
A Pam, bank, town
B My, Pam

C Pam
D sister, Pam, bank, town

Directions Mark the letter that lists the common nouns in each sentence.
5. The Georges owned a red fox named Fulva.
A The Georges, Fulva
B Georges, fox

C Georges, Fulva
D fox

© Pearson Education

6. A group of mothers worked at Mercy Hospital.
A group, mothers, Mercy Hospital
C group, Mercy Hospital
B group, mothers
D mothers, Mercy Hospital
7. During our conversation, Mr. Ori drank tea.
A conversation, tea
B Mr. Ori, tea

C conversation, Ori, tea

D conversation, Mr., tea

8. Before winter, birds begin their migration.
A winter, birds
B winter

C winter, birds, migration
D winter, birds, their

Home Activity Your child prepared for taking tests on common and proper nouns. With your child, find
four examples each of common and proper nouns in a newspaper article.

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When Crowbar Came

Name

CUMULATIVE REVIEW

Common and Proper Nouns
Directions Write P if the underlined noun is a proper noun. Write C if it is a common noun.

1. My dad knocked over the bird’s nest.
2. The park in the Bronx has a steep slide.
3. Luke found the bird in a spruce.
4. Hamburger was his favorite food.
5. Do you live in Lake Placid?
6. Crowbar marched around like a military general.
Directions Underline the proper nouns and circle the common nouns.
7. The boy found the bird on Halloween.
8. Uncle Ron brought some birdseed.
9. Grandpa Ruiz drove to New York from Tennessee.
10. In summer, warm breezes rustle the leaves in the oaks.
11. Craig opened an account at First National Bank.
12. Mrs. George writes stories on her typewriter.
13. In September, the trees turn many colors.
14. Dr. Kalmbach wrote a report about farmers and crows.
15. The director of the Bronx Zoo visited the Georges.
Directions Replace the common nouns in ( ) with proper nouns. Be sure to use appropriate
capitalization.

17. (title)

.

Arthur Chin was born in (country)

18. Luke’s friend (name)

works for (company)

19. (school)

is closed on (date)

20. (city)

.

has never been to (continent)

is in (state)

.
.

.

© Pearson Education

16. My (relative)

Home Activity Your child reviewed common nouns and proper nouns. With your child, find three
common nouns and three proper nouns in a printed advertisement.

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The Universe

Name

DEVELOP
THE CONCEPT
PROOFREAD

Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns
Plural nouns name more than one person, place, or thing.
• Most plural nouns are formed by adding -s.
swing/swings
animal/animals
boy/boys
• Add -es to nouns ending in ch, sh, x, z, s, and ss.
fox/foxes
bush/bushes
church/churches
• If a noun ends in a consonant and y, change y to i and add -es.
blueberry/blueberries
pony/ponies
penny/pennies
• Some nouns have irregular plural forms. They change spelling.
tooth/teeth
child/children
foot/feet

man/men
• For most nouns that end in f or fe, change f to v and add -es.
half/halves
wolf/wolves
thief/thieves
shelf/shelves
• Some nouns have the same singular and plural forms.
salmon
trout
sheep
moose
deer
• For compound nouns, make only the important word plural.
mothers-in-law
commanders-in-chief
• When a noun ends in a vowel and o, add -s: video/videos, radio/radios.
• Check a dictionary for plurals of nouns ending in a consonant and o: photo/photos,
potato/potatoes, tomato/tomatoes, hero/heroes.

Directions Write the plural form of the noun in parentheses.
(radio) to the Space Ranger Show.

1. They tuned their
2. How many

(mystery) does our universe hold?

3. My brother likes to read about space
4. Casey had model rockets on all of his

(hero).
(shelf).

5. Space telescopes are able to transmit amazing
6. Ian packed his astronomy books in

(box).

© Pearson Education

7. Mrs. Peck divided the class into
8. All of the

(image).

(half).
(chairman) met at the space summit.

9. Alan has seen three space shuttle
10. Ellen searched three

(launch).
(library) for books on quasars.

Home Activity Your child learned about regular and irregular plural nouns. With your child, look at
labels on food products. Ask him or her to identify regular and irregular plural nouns.

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The Universe

Name

APPLY TO WRITING

Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns
Directions Write a sentence using the plural form of each given noun.
1. country

2. beach

3. tooth

4. video

5. porch

6. story

7. leaf

8. secretary of state

9. child

© Pearson Education

10. life

Home Activity Your child learned how to write regular and irregular plural nouns. Have your child point
out plural nouns on packages and labels and explain the rule for forming each plural.

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The Universe

Name

TESTPROOFREAD
PREPARATION

Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns
Directions Circle the letter of the plural form of each underlined noun.

1. The telescope was a great discovery.
A discoverys
B discovery

C discovery’s
D discoveries

2. Michael framed a photo of the space shuttle Columbia.
A photos
C photoes
B photo
D photos’
3. The title of the novel is Sheep in Space.
A Sheeps
B Sheepes

C Sheep
D sheep

4. While stargazing, Jan and Kurt saw a moose.
A moose
B moose’

C mooses
D moose’s

© Pearson Education

5. On Tucker’s ranch, we could see millions of stars.
A ranchs

C ranch
B ranches
D ranch’s
6. Betsy named the calf Milky Way.
A calfs
B calves

C calfes
D calve’s

7. How much would the child weigh on Mars?
A child
B childs

C childrens
D children

8. Scientists do not measure space by the foot.
A foots
B feets

C feet
D foots’

9. In what century did Galileo live?
A centuries
B centurys

C centuries’
D century’s

10. Matt earned his space ranger patch.
A patchs
B patches

C patch
D patchs’

Home Activity Your child prepared for taking tests on regular and irregular plural nouns. Have your
child make flash cards with singular and plural forms of nouns on opposite sides. Use the cards to help
him or her learn plural forms.

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Unit 2 Week 1 Day 4

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The Universe

Name

CUMULATIVE REVIEW

Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns
Directions Write the plural form of the noun.

1. shoe
2. wrist
3. knife
4. strawberry
5. fox
6. wife
7. wish
8. father-in-law
9. zoo
10. potato
Directions Circle the correct plural form of the nouns in parentheses.
11. One of my (wishes/wish’s) is to be an astronaut.
12. A group of (ladys/ladies) from Iowa toured the space center.
13. Fifteen (childs/children) rode a bus to space camp.
14. Alex builds model space (shuttles/shuttle’s).
15. Three (deer/deers) ate by moonlight.
16. The day of the moon landing was the best day of their (lifes/lives).
17. The telescope stood two (foots/feet) from the ground.
18. Audrey has a collection of Jupiter (photos/photoes).

20. Neither of my (sister-in-laws/sisters-in-law) could locate the North Star.

© Pearson Education

19. My brother doesn’t appreciate the (mysterys/mysteries) of the universe.

Home Activity Your child reviewed regular and irregular plural nouns. Ask your child to list things you
have in your kitchen and write the plural form for each noun.

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Dinosaur Ghosts

Name

DEVELOP
THE CONCEPT
PROOFREAD

Possessive Nouns
A possessive noun shows ownership. A singular possessive noun shows that one person, place,
or thing has or owns something. A plural possessive noun shows that more than one person,
place, or thing has or owns something.
• To make a singular noun show possession, add an apostrophe (’) and -s.
a dinosaur’s bones
Sis’s hat
• To make a plural noun that ends in -s show possession, add an apostrophe (’).
many dinosaurs’ bones
the Jonses’ house
• To make a plural noun that does not end in -s show possession, add an apostrophe (’) and -s.
the men’s tools

many sheep’s wool
Directions Write each noun as a possessive noun. Write S if the possessive noun is singular.
Write P if the possessive noun is plural.
1. parents
2. photo
3. child
4. Miss Meyer
5. stores
6. country
7. James
8. teeth
Directions Add an apostrophe (’) or an apostrophe (’) and -s to make the underlined nouns
possessive. Write the possessive noun on the line.
9. Ghost Ranch hills looked red and green.
10. The reptiles deaths mystified the scientists.

© Pearson Education

11. Animals red blood cells carry oxygen.
12. The herd young were left behind.
13. The predator teeth were long and sharp.
14. The dinosaurs necks were curved and twisted.
Home Activity Your child learned about possessive nouns. Together read a newspaper or magazine
article. Have your child find and circle three singular and three plural possessive nouns in the article.

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