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TR A N M A N H T U O N G

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- T a i lieu d a n h c h o g ia o vien, h o c sin h
- G iu p on thi tot n g h ie p p h o thong, dai hoc, c a o d lin g
- B a i ta p Crng d u n g

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N H A X U A T B A N D A I H O C SU P H A M


C A C D AN G BAI T A P

n g l Ta m v

A

ti/ vung

t i p ;n g a n h


TRAN MANH TlfdNG

Cac dang bai tap
n g C a m v A tit v u n g

TIENG ANH

NHA XUAT BAN DAI HQC SIT PHAM


Parti

PHONETICS (NGUrAM)
A. PRONOUNCIATION
S O U N D D IS C R IM IN A TIO N 1
•

Spellings of Sounds III

Spelling o f sound /I/: The English vowel III normally appears in
the following spelling forms:
1. Letter A in the final ATE, AGE:
Ex:

intimate, delicate, village, cottage

2. Letter E in the prefixes BE, DE, RE:
Ex:

begin, become, decide, return

3. EY:
Ex:

money, storey. But: key /k i:/

4. Letter I in words o f monosyllable ending with I + CONSONANT
Ex:

bit, sit, dim, him, twin

5. UI:
Ex:
But:

build, guilt, guitar, equivalent, colloquial
mosquito /m9skwi: 19u/

6. Y in an unstressed syllable of a word:
Ex:

copy, candy, quality, gravity, slowly

But:

qualify /GI/, modify /Oil

5


• Cumulative practice

W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. evening

b. key

c. envelope

d. secret

2. a. light

b. fine

c. knife

d.. principle

3.

a. farm

b. card

c. bare

d. m arvelous

4.

a. both

b. bottle

c. Scotland

d. cotton

5.

a. park

b. farm

c. warm

d. m armalade

b. p u re'

c. picture

d. culture

b. failure

c. fairly

d. painted

b. cover

c. economical

d. ceiling-*

b. sew

c. few

d. nephew

b. library^

c. willing

d. if

6. a. nature
7.

a. faithful

8. a. country
9.

a. n e w .

10. a. with

S O U N D D IS C R IM IN A T IO N 2

• Spellings of Sounds /i:/
The English vowel /vJ normally appears in the follow ing
spelling forms:
1. Letter E before the final form: CONSONANT + E
Ex:

be, he, she, me
Scene, complete. Vietnamese

2. EA:
Ex:

easy, east, dean, heat, neat, dream, beam, breathe,
creature

3. EE:
Ex:

see, free, agree, heel, screen, cheese, guarantee

4. El:
Ex:

seize, ceiling, deceive, receive, receipt

5. Letter I in some words from the French origin
Ex:

Machine, regime, mandoline, sardine, routine, magazine,
chemise / J dmr.zJ

6


6 . IE when it is inside vowels of a word:
Ex:

grief, chief, believe, belief

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the following words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. reliable

b. liquid

c. revival

d. final

2 . a. houses

b. faces

c. horses

d. places

3.

a. pudding

b. put

c. pull

d. puncture

4.

a. sovereign

b. fountain

c. determine

d. routine

5.

a. beard

b. word

c. heard

-d. third

6. a. ghost

b. hostage

c. lost

d. frosty

7.

b. cherish

c. chaos

d. scholar

8. a. measure

b. pleasure

c. treasure

d. ensure

9.

b. could

c. would

d. put

b. thanks

c. think

d.' father

a. chorus
a. mouse -

10. a. three

S O U N D D IS C R IM IN A T IO N 3

• Spellings of Sounds le i
The English vowel /e/ normally appears in the following
spelling forms:
1. Letter E in words of monosyllable ending with one or more
consonants (except R), or in a stressed syllable of a word:
Ex:

bed, get, met, them, debt, send, member, November,
eleven
But: her, term / 3:/, interpret /lnt3':prlt/

2. EA:
Ex:

head, bread, breath, breakfast, steady, jealous /dieldsl,

meadow, measure, leather, pleasure.

3. El:
Ex:

leisure, heifer /h<§f7: bo nai to

4. Special case:
Ex:

pallm all /pelmel/, thames Itemzl
7


• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a- lively

b. kite

c. driven

d. bite

2. a / sale*

b. band^

c. sand

d. tan

c. decided

d. coincided

\Jb. looked

3.

a. started

4.

a. blow

b. show

c. hole

d . cow

5.

a. sung

,b. supper

c. supply

d. nun

6. a.v mule

b. mug

c. mud

d. multiply

7.

a. cats

b. tapes

c. lives

d. cooks

8. a. ground

^b. should

c. about

d. am ount

b. bread

c. ahead

v d. m e a n /

b. other

c. there

\d. breathe

9.

a. weather

10. a. author

S O U N D D IS C R IM IN A TIO N 4
• Spellings of Sounds /*/
Spelling o f Sound /«/: The English vowel /ae/ norm ally appears in
the following spelling forms:
1. Letter A in words of monosyllable ending with one or more
consonants:
Ex:

lad, dam, fan, map, rank, thanks, catch, thatch
Scene, complete. Vietnam ese

2. Letter A when it is in a stressed syllable of a word having more
than one syllable and stands before consonants:

Ex:

candle, captain, baptize, latter /lae’ta/, narrow, manner,
calculate

But:

stranger /ei/

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. feather

8

b. leather

c. feature

d. m easure


c. advertising d. arising
d. photography
c. classify^

2. a. practising

b. amusing

3.

a. geology

b. psychology

4.

a. walks

j b. begins

c. helps

d. cuts

5.

a. idiom

b. ideal

c. item

d. identical

6 . a. blow

b. show

c. hole

7.

b. supper

c. supply

d. nun

8. a. mule

b. mug

c. mud

d. multiply

9.

a. cats

b. tapes

d. cooks

10. a. ground

j b. should

Cv lives
c. about

a. sung

v d. cow

d. amount

S O U N D D IS C R IM IN A T IO N 5

• Spellings of Sounds /a:/
The English vowel lad normally appears in the following
spelling forms:
1. Letter A in words o f monosyllable ending with R or R +
CONSONANT, or in a syllable of a word when A stands before R +
CONSONANT:
Ex:

bar, far, star, barn, cart, harm, charm, departure

But:

scarce /skeDs/, quart /kwD:t/, sparrow /spae’rau/

2. EU:
Ex:

aunt, laugh, draught

3. Special case:
Ex:

clerk /kla:k/, derby /da’:bl/

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. candy

b. sandy

c. many

d. handy

2. a. earning

b. learning

c. searching

-d. clearing

3. a. waited

b. mended

c. naked

d. faced *

4.

a. given

b. risen

c. ridden

-d . whiten

5.

a. cough-

b. tough

c. rough

d. enough

9


6. a. accident

b. jazz

c. stamps

d. watch

7.. -a. this;

b. thick

c. maths

d. thin

8. a. gas

b. gain

d. goods

9.

b. nought

c. germ
/\
c. plough

b. gear

c. fear

d. pear

a. bought

10. a. spear

d. thought

S O U N D D IS C R IM IN A T IO N 6

• Spellings of Sounds IrJ
The English vowel IrJ normally appears in the follow ing
spelling forms:
1. Letter 0 in words of monosyllable and in the stressed syllable of
word having more than one syllable:
Ex:

come, some, done, love, does, other, does, other, among,
monkey, mother, brother, honey, nothing, com pany,
through /0A’r9/

2. OU:
Ex:

young, rough, touch, tough, enough, contry, couple,
double, trouble, cousin/kA’zn/, nourish /nA’r i/ / , flourish,
southern

3. Letter U in the prefixes UN-, UM- and in some com m on words:
Ex:

cup, gun, skull, uneasy, unable, umbrella

But:

busy III, bury lei, mimute /I/

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. enough

b. rough

c. laugh

d. though

2. a. stage

b. village

c. manage

d. package

3.

a. license

b. combine

c. seaside

d. police

4.

a. some

b. done

c. once

d. home

5.

a. not

b. nobody

c. wrote

d. spoken

b. born

c. work

d. boring

6. a. before

10


7.

a. bee

»b. beer

8. a. peach
9.

b.

a. sound

10. a. design

teach

d. flee

c. seem

d. meat

,c. nieasure

Jo. touch

c. down

d. account

\b. preserve
5

c. basic

d. physical

S O U N D D I S C R IM IN A T IO N 7
• Spellings of Sounds I d I
The English vowel Id/ normally appears in the following
spelling forms:
1. Letter A in the stressed syllable of words of monosyllable
beginning with W:
Ex:
But:

was / wdz/, want, wash, watch
way, waste, wax /wasks/ (sap ong)

2. Letter 0 in words of monosyllable ending with one consonant
and in the stressed syllable of words having more than one
syllable:

Ex:

cod, lot, snob, logic, coffee, doctor, modern, solitary,
oppsite

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the following words is pronounced differently
from the others?
Jt
1. a. hear
b. clear
/ c. bear
d. ear
b. great

c. beat

d. beak

3.v a. blood

b. pool

c. food

d. tool

4.

b. unique

c. unit

,d . undo

5. ^a. mouse

b. could

c. would

6. a. faithful

b. failure

c. fairly

7.

b. court

c. pour

2.

a. heat
a. university

a. course

8. a. worked
9.

a. new

10. a. sun

b. stopped
v b. sew
b. sure

d. putfainted
V d. courage

v c. forced

d. wanted

c. few

d. nephew

c. success

d. sort

11


SOUND DISCRIMINATION 8

• Spellings of Sounds I d:I
The English vowel /^./normally appears in the follow ing
spelling forms:
1. Letter A in words o f monosyllable ending with “L L ”
Ex:

all, call, tall, small, fall, ball, hall, wall

But:

shall//ael/

2. AU in most cases:
Ex:

fault, haunt, launch, audience, daughter, naughty,
laundry

3. AW in all cases:
Ex:

law, dawn, crawl, draw, awful, awkward

4. Letter 0 when it stands before R + CONSONANT:
Ex:

born, corpse, horn, lord, north, pork, sort, fortify,
morning, portable, portrait

5. OA when it stands before R + CONSONANT

Ex:

oar, roar, board, soar

6. OU:
Ex:

four, pour, court, course, mourn, source, cough, ought,
bought, fought

« Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. faithful

b. failure

c. fairly

d. fainted

2. a. course

b. court

c. coursing

d. courage

3.

a. worked

b. stopped

c. forced

d. wanted

4.

a. bought

b. nought

c. plough

d. cough

5.

a. do

kJ

c. brother

d. som etim es

b. clothes

c. both

d. boat

b. cHmb

c. sign

d. limb

b. receive

c. weight

d. great

6. a. cloth
7.

a. reply

8. a. neighbour
12

. mother


9.

a. double

10. a. lose

b. round

c. allow

d. south

b. rude

c. comb

d. fruit

S O U N D D ISC R IM IN A TIO N 9
* Spellings of Sounds /u/
The English vowel /u/ normally appears in the following
spelling forms:
1. Letter O
Ex:

bosom, movie

2. OU:
Ex:

could, should, would, douche /d u //

3. 0 0 :
Ex:

book, brook, good, look

4. Letter U:
Ex:

bush, full, pull, push, put, butcher, bullock, bullet

5. Special case:
Ex:

W orcester /w u ’sta/, bouquet /b u ’kel/, bosom / b o ’zam/

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the following words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1.

a. ^ pUrity

2 . a. see

b. burning

c. cure

d. durable

b. seen

c. sportsman

d. sure

c. plural

3.

a. pull

b. sugar

4.

a. course

b. court

5. ,a. bark

b. share

6. a. cotton

b. bottle

7.

a. dear

8 . a. bury
9.

a. fork -

10. a. shout

v

>id. study

c. courage

d. cough

c. dare

a. bare

JC.

cold

d. common

b. hear

c. bear

d. clear

b. curtain

c. burn

d. turn

b. work

c. pork

d. corn

b. sugar

c. share

d. surgery

13


SOUND DISCRIMINATION 10
• Spellings of Sounds lu:l
The English vowel Ixi'J normally appears in the follow ing
spelling forms:
1. Letter 0
Ex:

two, who, you, do, move, lose, prove, tomb
Scene, complete, Vietnam ese

2. 0 0 :
Ex:

booth, cool, food, goose, soot, spoon, tool, tooth, bam boo,
cuckoo, doomsday, zoo.

3. OU:
Ex:

group, troupe (ganh hat), wounded, soup

4. Letter U:
Ex:

blue, flute /flu:t/, brutal, brute (ngifdi tho bao), lunar,
salute, lunatic, lubricate

5. UI:
Ex:

bruise, fruit, juice, recruit /rikru’:t/

But: fluid /flu ’ld/, ruin /ru ’ln/

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently

from the others?
1. a. put

b. cut

c. run

d. son

2. a. hope

b. soap

c. home

d. rob

3.

a. ship

b. sheep

c. deep

d. green

4.

a. tooth

b. hood

c. book

d. look

5.

a. joke

b. yet

c. Europe

d. use

6. a. nice

b. price

c. rice

d. pink

7.

b. mile

c. still

d. Uke

8. a. noon

b. took

c. look

d. book

a. poor

b. tour

c. pool ^

d. sure

b. flour

c. floor

d. found

9.

a. size

10. a. flower

14


SOUND DISCRIMINATION 11
• Spellings of Sounds 13:1
The English vowel /3:/normally appears in the following
spelling forms:
1. EA
Ex:

learn, earth, heard, earn, pearl, search

But:

ocea n /9 ’u/an/,

2. Letter U in words of monosyllable ending in U+R and in words
having U + R + CONSONANT
Ex:

blur, fur, urge, burn, curse, hurt, nurse, hurt, nurse,
purse, burglar, furnish, surgery, Thursday

3. Special case:
Ex:

connaisseur /kDnIs3’:/, colonel /k3’:nl/

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the following words is pronounced differently

from the others?
1. a. leather

b. feather

c. teacup

d. pleasure

2 . a. about

b. count

c. shout

d. wounded

3.

a. title

b. icon

c. httle

d. hide

4.

a. tour

b. course

c. court

d. pour

5.

a. bank

b. back

c. bark

d. baggy

b. breath

c. tooth

d. with

b. measure

c. rise

d. pause

b. longer

c. finger

d. stronger

b. punched

c. pleased

d. pushed

b. magazines

c. newspapers d. vegetables

6 . a. myth
7.

a. please

8 . a. singer
9.

a. packed

10. a. biscuits

15

SOUND DISCRIMINATION 12
• Spellings of Sounds /a/
The English vowel /a/ normally appears in the follow ing
spelling forms:
1. Letter A in most o f the unstressed syllable of a word.
Ex:

separate, changeable, balance, explanation, capacity,
national

2. Letter E in an unstressed syllable of a word:
Ex:

silent, open, chicken, prudent, generous, different,
sentence, punishment

3. Letter 0 in an unstressed syllable of words having more than
on syllable:
Ex:

atom, bosom, compare, control, freedom, handsom e,
random, pardon.

• Cumulative practice
W hich of the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. butter

b. put

c. sugar

d. push

2. a. few

b. new

c. threw

d. knew

3.

a. pretty

b. get

c. send

d. well

4.

a. grew

b. threw

c. knew

d. flew

5.

a. close

b. chose

c. lose

d. rose

6. a. beard

b. fur

c. search

d. prefer

a. are

b. fair

c. there

d. wear

b. living

c. revival

d. final

b. nasty

c. tasty

d. wastage

b. read

c. dead

d. recede

7.

8. a. reliable
9.

a. hasty

10. a. bead

16


SOUND DISCRIMINATION 13
• Spellings of Sounds /ei/

The English vowel /ei/ normally appears in the following
spelling forms:
1. Letter A is pronounced as leil:
a/ In a syllable just before the final ION and IAN
Ex:

translation, liberation, Australian, Asian, Canadian,
nation

But:

companion, mansion, Italian, librarian /ae/

b/ In words o f monosyllable having the final form: A +
CONSONANT + E
Ex:

cane, late, cape, fate, lake, gate, safe, tape, date

2. AI when it stands before a consonant except R:
Ex:

mail, nail, sail, maid, wait, faint, afraid

3. AY in all words having it:
Ex:

day, hay, gay, play, ray, stay, tray, pay, lay

But:

quay /ki:/, mayor /mea/, papaya /papa’ia/

4. EA as in:
Ex:

great, break, steak

5. EI as in:
Ex:

eight, weight, neighbour

6 . EY as in:
Ex:

they, grey, obey

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. bought

b. daughter

2 . a. sure

b. soup

c. cough

r
-c. sugar

d. sight,
v '
d. machine

b. bury

c. nut

4. *-a. measure

b. decision

c. permission d. pleasure

5.

b. chose

3.

a. but
a. lose

si s

- c. close

d. young
d. dose

17


6 . a. position

b. oasis

7.

b. zone

c. desert
I/
c. phone

8. . , a. give

b. five

c. hive

d. dive

9.

b. stomach

c. match

d. catch

b. ready

c. puppy

.d . occupy

a. stone
a. switch

10. a. study

d. resort
-,d. none

S O U N D D IS C R IM IN A T IO N 14

• Spellings of Sounds /ai/
The English vowel /ai/normally appears in the follow ing
spelling forms:
1. EI
Ex:

either, neither, height

2. Letter I in words of monosyllable ending with I +
CONSONANT + E

Ex:

bite, site, kite, dine, side, tide, like, mine

But:

live, give III

3. IE when it is the final vowel of words of monosyllable:
Ex:

die, lie, pie, tie

4. UI in the words having UI + CONSONANT + E:
Ex:

guide, quite, inquire, require

But: quiet /kw a’iat/
5. Letter Y in words of monosyllable or in a stressed syllable of a
word:
Ex: cry, fly, shy, sly (lau ca), type, deny, rely, cycle, dynam o
/da’inamau/
But:

hym n /him/, typical, pyramid /pl’ramld/

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?

1. a. lazy

b. lapel

c. label

d. labourer

2. a. while

b. which

c. who

d. white

18


3.

a. come

b. roll

c. comb

d. grow

4.

a. blood

b. prove

c. rude

d. souvenir

5.

a. hour

b. honest

c. heir

d. hospital

6. a. guilty

b. busy

c. bury

d. build

7.

b. sew

c. blue

d. flew

8 . a. many

b. guess

c. pleasant

d. leading

9.

b. heard

c. heart

d. word

b. bought

c. board

d. normal

a. suit
a. thirst

10. a. choose

S O U N D D I S C R I M I N A T I O N 15
• Spellings of Sounds k#l
The English vowel h i / normally appears in the following
spelling forms:
1. EA
Ex:

tear (n), clear, rear, spear, fear, beard, weary

2. EE when it stands before the final R of a word:
Ex:

beer, cheer, deer, steer, career, engineer, overseer
/auvasl’a/ (giam thi)

3. Special case:
Ex:

peer /pi/, idea /aidi a7, Ian /ran/, heird /wia/, weird /wiad/

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. watch

b. want

c. bank

d, what

2. a. low

b. bow

c. know

d. slow

b. passion

c. tissue

d. vessel

c. tasty

d. wastage

b. knew

c. sew

d. few

b. t8ttib

c. comb

d. dome

a. says

b. bays

c. days

d. rays

8. a. none

b. t6mb

c. tongue

d. onion

3.

a. issue

4.

a. hasty

5.

a. dew

6 . a. home
7.


19


9 . a. companion

b. comparison c. com pany

d. compartment

10. a. loose

b. lose

d. dose

c. cease

S O U N D D I S C R I M I N A T I O N 17
• Spellings of Sounds /ea/
The English vowel /ea/ normally appears in the follow ing
spelling forms:
1. Letter A in words o f monosyllable or in a stressed syllable of a
word when A stands before RE:
Ex:

bare, care, dare, rare, area /e’aria/, parent /pe’arantJ

2. AI when it stands before R:
Ex:

air, fair, hair, chair, stair, dairy /de’arl/, fairy

3. EA:
Ex:

bear, pear, tear (v), wear, swear

4. EI:
Ex:

heir, their

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. disease

b. display

c. increase

d. discount

2. a. examine

b. famine

c. determine

d. miner

3.

a. descend

b. decent

c. delicious

d. percentage

4.

a. knowledge

b. flower

c. shower

d. coward

5.

a. thrill

b. third

c. enthusiasm d. thus

6. a. practice

b. device

c. service

d. office

7.

b. command

c. common

d. com m unity

c. leaver

d. cream v

c. faint

d. paint

c. flow

d. flour

a. complete

8. a. release
9.

pleasure

a. explanation b. main

10. a. power

20

D.

b. tower


SOUND DISCRIMINATION 18
• Spellings of Sounds /ua/
The English vowel /ua/ normally appears in the following
spelling forms:
1. 0 0 in words o f monosyllable ending in R:
Ex:

moor, poor

But:

door, floor

2. OU:
Ex:

tour, tourist, gourd /guad/

3. Letter U is pronounced as /jua/ in the words having U + R +
VOW EL:
Ex:

cure, lure /ljua /, pure, during, endure, furious, bureau
/bjua’rua/

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1/ a. teacher

b. deaf

c. reach

d. team

2 . a. call

b. curtain

c. contain

d. cell

3.

a. your

b. four

c. poured

d. hour

4.

a. poor

b. mood

c. shoot

d. hood

5.

a. sun

b. sure

c. success

d. sort

b. fur

c. search

d. prefer

b. laughter

c. taught

d. caught

b. wash

c. wall

d. walk

b. decision

c. pleasure

d. perm ission

b. fair

c. there

d. wear

6 . a. beard
7.

a. daughter

8 . a. warm
9.

a. measure

10. a. M e

21


SOUND DISCRIMINATION 19
• Spellings of Sounds /au/
The

English

diphthong

/au/

normally

appears

in

the

following spelling :
1. 0 is pronounced as /au/:
a1 When it is at the end of a word:
Ex:

no, go, echo, mosquito, tomato, archipelago (quan dao)

But:

to do /du:/, toe /tau/

b /in w ords o f m on osy lla b le ending w ith tw o c o n so n a n ts or
C O N S O N A N T + E and in the stressed sy lla b le s o f w ords
having more than one syllable:
Ex:

comb, cold, code, mode, mole, sofa, lotus, lotion, solar,
mobile, moment, soldier

But:

bomb, fond, soft, long, strong

2. OA in words o f monosyllable ending with one or som etim es two
consonants:
Ex:

coal, coat, foam, goat, loan, road, soap, roast, toast, coast.

But:

broad/brD:d/

3. OU:
Ex:

dough, soul, shoulder, poultry

4. OW:
Ex:

bow, low, row, sow, know, show, slow, narrow, window,
tomorrow

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. come

b. comfort

c. some

d. comb

2. a. w ear

b. ear

c. hear

d. n ear

3.

a. call

b. cup

c. coat

d. ceiling

4.

a. garland

b. garlic

c. garage

d. garden

5.

a. owl

b. cow

c. arrow

d. powder

22


6 . a. brother

b. think

c. the

d. they

7.

b. prefer

c. grocer

d. louder

8 . a. leaf

b. deaf

c. of

d. wife

9.

b. luggage

c. m anage

d. dam age

b. eve

c.

d. weight

a. thunder
a. teenage

10. a. height

mind

S O U N D D IS C R IM IN A T IO N 20

• Spellings of Sounds laul
The

English

diphthong

/au/normally

appears

in

the

follow ing spellings :
1. OU:
Ex:

bound, cloud, doubt, foul, found, ground, loud, plough,
mouth, south, around, sound, mountain

2 . OU ->/au9/ as in:
Ex:

our, hour, flour, sour

3. OW:
Ex:

vow, brow, plow, power, towel

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. rough

b. sum

c.

utter

d. union

2. a. noon

b. tool

c.

blood

d. spoon

3.

a. chemist

b. chicken

c.

church

d. century

4.

a. thought

b. tough

c.

taught

d. bought

5.

a. pleasure

b. heat

c.

meat

d. feed

6. a. chalk

b. champagne c.

machine

d. ship

7.

b. hide

c.

tide

d. fly

8. a. put

b. could

c.

push

d. moon

9.

b. town

c.

power

d. slow

b. naked

c.

asked

d. liked

a. kmt
a. how

10. a. talked


SOUND DISCRIMINATION 21
• Pronunciation of The Endings - S
The Endings - S (in plural nouns, singular verbs of the third
persons in simple present tense and possessive case)
1. If the word ends in Is z / 3 t / dj/, the ending a is pronounced
/iz/:

To wash -> he washes
Orange ->two oranges
Charles —>Charlesj| book
/iz/
2. If the word ends in a voiceless consonant except /s /
ending s is pronounced Is/:

tJ7, the

Map ->tw o maps
To work -»h e works
3. If the word ends in a voiced sound (consonant, vowel, or
diphthong except /z 3 d3/', the ending s is pronounced /z/:
Bag ->tw o bags
To sm ile-* he smiles
Car ->two cars

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. airports

b. windows

c. rooms

d. pens

2. a. dinners

b. cups

c. cars

d. dictionaries

3.

a. bridges

b. doors

c. buses

d. classes

4.

a. recorders

b. desks

c. flats

d. caps

5.

a. gates

b. helps

c. kisses

d. maps

6 . a. says

b. plays

c. days

d. raise

7.

b. during

c. pure

d. cure

8 . a. than

b. theatre

c. theory

d. thorough

9.

b. released

c. rained

d. follow ed

b. come

c. love

d. home

a. pull
a. im agined

10. a. some

24


SOUND DISCRIMINATION 22
• Pronunciation of the Endings - ed
The Endings - ED (regular verbs in the past)
1. If the verb ends in Id/ or Itl, the ending ED is pronounced /id/
To post —►he posted
To need -»h e needed
2. If the verb ends in a voiced sound except IdJ, the ending ED is
pronounced Id/:

To listen -»h e listened
To study -»h e studied
3. If the verb ends in a voiceless consonant except It/, the ending
ED is pronounced Itl:
To like ->he liked
To stop ->he stopped

• Cumulative practice
W hich o f the follow ing words is pronounced differently
from the others?
1. a. finished

b. learned

c. lived

d. changed

2 . a. enjoyed

b. moved

c. shined

d. laughed

3.

a. liked

b. hanged

c. helped

d. watched

4.

a. hated

b. watched

c. washed

d. kissed

5.

a. hated

b. watched

c. washed

d. kissed

b. show

c. brown

d. towel

b. ceiling

c. recover

d. economy

b. sew

c. few

d. nephew

b. there

c. things

d. thought

b. brown

c. cow

d. know

6. a. down
7.

a. country

8 . a. new
9.

a. think

10. a. how

25


SOUND DISCRIMINATION 23
• Pronunciation of Letter A, E, I (Y), O, U
*The letters a, e, i (y), o, u have different pronunciations in
deferent types o f syllables.
*For example, the letter a is pronounced /ae/ in a close syllable (am
tiet dong), /el/ in an open syllable (am tiet md), lo\l in an “r”
syllable (am tiet co r) and /ea/ in an “re” syllable (am tiet co re)
A -»/ae/: fat (a close syllable ends in a consonant)
/el/: fate (an open syllable ends in a silent “e”)
/a:/: far (an “r” syllable ends in “r”)
/ea/: fare (a “re” syllable ends in “re”)
* The following table shows the pronunciations of the above five
vowel letters.
1. The

2. The

3. The “ r”

4. The

close

syllable

“ re”

syllable

open
syllable

a

/ae/fat

/ei/ fate

la:l far

/ea/ fare

e

/e/ met

ly.l mete

/ 3:/ merge

/la/ mere

i(y)

111 fin (vay
ca)

lai/ fine

/ 3 / fir

/ala/ fire

0

lol not

/au/ note

Id/ nor

/Da/ snore

u

/ a/ cut

/ju:/ cute

13:1 cur con

/j us/ cure

xinh xan

cho hu

spelling

syllable

* More illustrative examples:
A ->

/$/: cat mad, dad, fan, can, ban, van, stand
/el/: cake, date, mate, fate, take, make, bake
/a:/: car, star, bar, far, start, cart, chart
/ea/: care, stare, bare, fare, dare, hare, mare

E -*

/e/: less, bed, bend, send, den, men, ten
/i:/: mete, complete, meter, compete
ly.l: merge, er, inert, refer, infer, defer
/is/: here, mere, interfere, adhere, severe

26