Vật liệu phân hủy sinh học Vật liệu tái tạo Renewable Materials:

BACH KHOA UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF

GREEN CHEMISTRY
TOPIC:

RENEWABLE MATERIALS
Supervisor: GS.TS. Phan Thanh Sơn Nam

HCM City, 2017


CONTENTS
Contents

GENERALITY OF POLYMERS AND RENEWABLE MATERIALS
WAYS OF BIODEGRADATION
POLYLACTIC ACID (PLA)
APPLICATION
CONCLUSION


GENERALITY OF POLYMERS AND RENEWABLE MATERIALS

I. What are Polymers?
II. Distinguish between Biodegradation
and Decomposition.
III. Biodegradable Polymers
a)

Definition.
b)
Classification.
c)
Agents and Factors.
IV. Method and Testing Standards
www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn


I. What are Polymers?
A large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of
many repeated subunits, known as monomers.

Wikipedia.org, Polymers.


I. What are Polymers?

Various polymer architectures.
[6]

Wikipedia.org, Polymers.


I. What are Polymers?

Monomer arrangement in copolymers
Wikipedia.org, Polymers.

I. What are Polymers?


I. What are Polymers?


I. What are Polymers?


I. What are Polymers?

take millions of years to make more

…so recycle!

Michael Pitzl, Australian Research Institute for Chemistry and Technology – ofi
CROPACK 2010, Renewable vs. Biodegradable – New materials for packaging technology


I. What are Polymers?
A tiny bit of plastic is being made from vegetable organic material,
so that bit is biodegradable, and renewable.

• CO2,H2O, inorganic
mineral, biomass
• CO2, CH4, humus
and nontoxic
substances.

www.basf.com Dec. 09, 2008, YU L. et al 2006

I. What are Polymers?

Biodegradable Polymer

Note: Biopolymer


I. What are Polymers?




Development of the market:

• Capacity 2009 400.000 t worldwide
• Small market, but high growth rates up to 10 %

www.european-bioplastics.org, Feb. 17th, 2010


I. What are Polymers?


Composition:



Biopolymer can be made from many different

sources and materials:
– Plant Oil
– Cellulose
– Corn Starch
– Potato Starch
– Sugarcane
– Hemp etc.


I. What are Polymers?
C
O
M
P
O
S
I
T
I
O
N

Plant Oil

Corn

Starch

Sugarcane

Cellulose

Potato


I. What are Polymers?



 Impermeability














Optical properties




Spring






Seal and easy printing



Heat and chemical resistance



Stable, environmentally friendly and competitive price



In accordance with the requirements of food packaging




II. Distinguish between
Biodegradation and Decomposition:

Wt < 500
Microorganism
(bacteria, fungi,
archaeas , and

protists)


II. Distinguish between
Biodegradation and Decomposition:

Www.epi-global.com, Epi, Degradability and Biodegradability Claims.


III. Biodegradable Polymers:
a) Definition


III. Biodegradable Polymers:
b) Classification:


 Natural Polymers:
• Polysaccharides (E.g. starch,
cellulose, lignin, chitin)

• Proteins


III. Biodegradable Polymers:


Natural Polymers:
• Lipids (E.g. animal fat)

• Polyesters produced by microorganism or by plants
(E.g. polyhydroxyalcanoates, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)


III. Biodegradable Polymers:


Natural Polymers:


III. Biodegradable Polymers:



Synthetic Polymers:
• PHAs: Poly-hydroxy-alkanoates

• Polyvinyl alcohols

• PHB: Poly-hydroxy-butyrates
Wikipedia.org, List of Synthetic Polymers.


III. Biodegradable Polymers:


Synthetic Polymers:
• Polyalhydrides
• PBS: Polybutylene succinate
• PCL: Polycaprolactone

• PLA: Poly(lactic acid)
Wikipedia.org, List of Synthetic Polymers.


III. Biodegradable Polymers:
c) Agents and Factors:
Microorganism
Enzyme
Structure
Morphology
Weight

Mechanics
Heat, Light,
Chemical

Polymer