Adjectives ending ing and ed

Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed
A. Có nhiều tính từ tận cùng bởi -ing và -ed. Ví dụ boring và bored. Hãy xét
tình huống sau;
Jane has been doing the same job for a very long time. Every day sshe does exactly the same
thing again and again. She doesn't enjoy it any more and would like to do something different.
Jane đã và đang làm cùng một công việc trong một thời gian dài. Mỗi ngày cô ấy cứ làm đi làm
lại chỉ cùng một công việc đó. Cô ấy không thích công việc đó nữa và muốn làm một việc gì đó
khác hơn.
Jane’s job is boring.
Công việc của Jane thật nhàm chán.
Jane is bored (with her job)
Jane đang chán nản (với công việc của mình)
Ta nói ai đó bored nếu có điều gì đó (hay ai đó) boring. Hoặc khi có điều gì đó là boring, nó làm
cho bạn bored. Vậy ta nói:
Jane is bored because her job is boring.
Jane đang chán vì công việc của cô ấy nhàm chán.
Jane’s job is boring, so Jane is bored. (không nói 'Jane is boring')
Công việc của Jane nhàm chán, vì vậy Jane thấy chán nản.
Nếu một người là boring, thì có nghĩa người đó làm cho người khác bored:
George always talks about the same thing. He’s really boring.
George luôn nói về cùng một việc. Cậu ấy thật là chán.

B. Hãy so sánh các tính từ có đuôi -ing và -ed:
Bạn có thể nói:
My job is boring.
My job is interesting.
My job is tiring.
My job is satisfying.
My job is depressing.

Các tính từ đuôi -ing nói với bạn về công việc.
Bạn có thể nói:
I’m bored with my job.
Tôi cảm thấy chán công việc của tôi.
I’m not interested in my job any more.
Tôi không còn hứng với công việc của tôi nữa.
I’m always tired when I finish work.
Tôi luôn thấy mệt mỏi khi làm xong việc.
I’m not satisfied with my job.
Tôi không thỏa mãn với công việc của tôi.
My job makes me depressed.
Công việc của tôi làm cho tôi nản lòng.
Các tính từ có đuôi -ed cho bạn biết một người nào đó cảm thấy thế nào (về công việc).
Hãy so sánh từng cặp thí dụ sau:
Interesting/Interested
Julia thinks politics is very interesting.
Julia cho rằng chính trị rất thú vị.
Julia is very interested in politics.
Julia rất quan tâm đến chính trị.
Did you meet anyone interesting at the party?
Anh có gặp người nào thú vị ở bữa tiệc không?
Are you interested in buying a car? I’m trying to sell mine.
Anh có thích mua xe hơi không? Tôi đang lo bán cái xe của tôi đây.
Surprising/Surprised
It was quite surprising that he passed the examination.
Thật đáng ngạc nhiên là anh ấy đã thi đậu.


Everybody was surprised that he passed the examination.
Mọi người đều ngạc nhiên là anh ấy đã thi đậu.

Disappointing/Disappointing
The film was disappointing. I expected it to be much better.
Bộ phim thật thất vọng. Tôi đã nghĩ rằng nó hay hơn nhiều.
I was disappointed with the film. I expected it to be much better.
Tôi thất vọng về bộ phim. Tôi đã nghĩ rằng nó hay hơn nhiều.
Shocking/Shocked
The news was shocking.
Tin tức đã gây chấn động.
We were very shocked when we heard the news.
Chúng tôi đã rất sốc khi nghe tin.

C. Một số ví dụ:
SURPRISING/ED AT
BORING/ED WITH
EXCITED/ING ABOUT
SHOCKING/ED AT (BY)
INTERESTING/ED IN
DISAPPOINTING/ED WITH (IN)
SATISFYING/ED WITH
WORRYING/WORRIED ABOUT
PLEASING/ED WITH
EMBARRASSING/ED
AMAZING/ED AT
ANNOYING/ED WITH (SB), AT/ABOUT (ST)
EXHAUSTING/ED
DEPRESSING/ED
TERRIFYING/TERRIFIED OF
HORRIFYING/HORRIFIED OF
IRRITATING/ED
AMUSING/ED AT

ASTONISHING/ED AT (BY)
THRILLING/ED
FASCINATING/ED
CONFUSING/CONFUSED AT (BY)
FRIGHTENING/ED OF


FORMS OF VERBS
To- Infinitive
Bare- Infinitive
Gerund
To- Infinitive or Gerund
I/ To- Infinitive:
1. Đi sau các tính từ (Adj) hoặc phân từ hai ( VpII) :
Eg: - I am curious to know the news.
Adj
to verb
- It is very easy to learn English.
Adj to verb
- I am allowed to go out tonight.
VpII
to verb
2. Dùng trong cấu trúc “For somebody to do”:
Eg. - It is very difficult for me to learn English well.
- This coffee is warm enough for him to drink.
3. Đứng sau những từ để hỏi như : What, how, who, whom,
which, when, where….
Eg. - I don’t know what to say.
- She doesn’t know how to cook this food.
- He doesn’t know where to turn.

4. Đứng sau những đại từ bất định như:
- some (….) : somebody, someone, something,
somewhere…………
- no (…..): nobody, nothing, nowhere……..
- any (….) : anyone, anything, anywhere…
Eg. - I have nowhere to go out.
- I give them something to eat.
- I haven’t any clothes to wear.
5. Đóng vai trò ngụ ý chỉ mục đích hoặc kết quả “
( để……………)
Eg. – I saved money to buy a new car. ( Tôi tiết kiệm tiền để
mua 1 chiếc ô tô mới mục đích của việc tiết kiệm tiền)
- To live long, you should do the exercises regularly. ( Để
sống lâu, bạn nên tập thể dục thường xuyên.)


- I bought meat to eat. ( tôi mua thịt để ăn.)
6. Được theo sau bởi một số động từ:
Agree, decide, afford, hope, pretend, refuse, threaten, want,
promise, ask, tend, plan, intend, expect, arrange, offer, manage,
learn, seem, appear, prepare, persuade, tobe allowed, would
like, would love, would prefer, would hate, invite, tell sb to do,
order, beg, fail, attempt, choose, hasten, need (ở câu chủ động),
force, get sb to do………………….
II. Bare- Infinitive:
1. Được theo sau bởi một số động từ:
Can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, have to,
ought to, must, needn’t, let, make, used to, had better (‘d better),
would rather (‘d rather)
2. Thể truyền khiến dạng chủ động động:

have somebody do something ( có ai đó làm gì cho )
eg. - I have my mother wash my clothes.
- She often has me make coffee.
- He has his wife iron the clothes.
III. Gerund:
1. Làm chủ ngữ trong câu.
Eg: - Swimming is my favourite sport.
- Sleeping is one of my hobbies.
2. Đứng sau giới từ:
Eg. – I’m interested in watching films.
- She is looking forward to meeting him.
- We can’t live without eating and drinking.
- I’m afraid of going out at night
3. Theo sau bởi một số động từ và cụm từ:
Like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, detest, avoid, risk, can’t bear
= can’t stand, waste/ spend time/ money, admit, finish, deny,
delay = postpone, appreciate, consider, can’t help, forgive,
warn, keep, practice, imagine, miss, quit, give up, mind, tobe
worth, feel like, suggest, go on (Ving or to verb ), begin/start
(Ving or to verb) …..


-

It’s no good/ no use: Vô ích, vô dụng
Have a good time: có thời gian vui vẻ
Have a trouble (in): gặp rắc rối
Have difficulty (in): Gặp khó khăn
Tobe/ get used to: quen dần.

IV. To- Infinitive or Gerund:
1. Remember:
a. Remember to do : chỉ hành động ở tương lai, chưa xảy ra (
Nhớ phải làm gì)
Eg. - Please remember to return my book tomorrow.
- Remember to turn off the light before going out.
b. Remember Ving: Chỉ hành động đã xảy ra và bây giờ nhớ
lại ( Nhớ là đã)
Eg: - I remember putting my hat somewhere in this room.
- I remember locking the door before going out.
2. Forget:
a. Forget to do : Chỉ hành động ở tương lai, chưa xảy ra,
( quên rằng phải làm gì)
Eg.- Don’t forget to wake me up.
- Don’t forget to write letter to me.
b. Forget Ving: Chỉ hành động đã xảy ra và bây giờ kể lại
( quên đã làm gì)
Eg. - I forgot turning off the light before going out.
- I forgot shutting the doors before going to the bed.
3. Regret:
a. Regret to do: chỉ hành động ở tương lai, chưa xảy ra ( tiếc
phải làm gì)
Eg. - Sorry! I regret to tell you about the truth.
- Sorry, I regret to refuse your invitation.
b. Regret Ving: Chỉ hành động đã xảy ra và bây giờ kể lại
( tiếc là đã )
Eg. - I regret not meeting you sooner.
- The scene is beautiful. I regret not bring the camera.
4. Try:
a. Try to do: Cố gắng làm gì

Eg.- I try to learn hard so that I can get high marks.
- I try to go on a diet.
b. Try Ving: Thử làm gì, thí nghiệm, thử nghiệm
Eg. - I try wearing some shoes but none of them fit me.
- He tried gardening and keeping pigs but he didn’t
succeed
5. Stop:
a. Stop doing : Dừng làm gì, dừng hẳn việc ấy.
Eg. You should stop smoking.
b. Stop to do: Dừng lại để làm gì.
Eg. He has worked since the morning, so he stops to take a
short rest.
c. Stop doing st to do st: Dừng việc đang làm để làm một
việc khác.
Eg. The baby woke up so she stopped writing a letter to pick
him up.
6. Other verbs
a.
Allow
Recommend
Advise
Permit
Forbit
Request
Require
Demand

Verb-ing

Sb + to verb

Eg: He doesn’t allow me to smoke in his room
Sb to verb
He doesn’t allow smoking in his room
Ving
b.


see
feel
watch
notice
hear
catch

Verb

Ving

Eg. I saw the thief climb
over your wall
Climbing


WORKSHEET 29
SUBJECT : Adjectives ending –ing or -ed
A) Choose the correct form:
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

I enjoyed the book. It was very interested / interesting.
Are you interested / interesting in art?
I thought the story was quite amused / amusing.
They were shocked / shocking when they heard the news.
We were all very worried / worrying when he didn’t come home.
It was surprised / surprising that she didn’t come to the meeting.
I usually find football rather bored / boring.
Are you frightened / frightening of spiders?

B) Complete the sentences. Use adjectives formed by adding –ING or –ED to the
words in
brackets.
1. I find it quite ……………………….. to talk in front of a group of people.
(embarrass)
2. I think reading newspapers is …………………………. . (depress)
3. I’m ……………………….. in all kinds of sport. (interest)
4. I find walking in the countryside very ………………………….. . (relax)
5. I think learning a language is very ………………………. . (interest)
6. I get ………………………… when people smoke in restaurants. (annoy)
7. I don’t normally get ……………………….. when I watch horror films.
(frighten)
8. I don’t get ………………………. very easily. (embarrass)

C) Complete the sentences for each situation. Use the word given + the ending –
ING or
- ED:
1. The film wasn’t as good as we had expected. (disappoint-)
a) The film was ………………………… .
b) We were ……………………… with the film.
2. Diana teaches young children. It’s a very hard job but she enjoys it. (exhaust-)
a) She enjoys her job but it’s often …………………………….. .
b) At the end of a day’s work, she is often ……………………….. .
3. It’s been raining all day. I hate this weather. (depress-)
a) This weather is ………………………….. .
b) This weather makes me ……………………….. .
c) It’s silly to get …………………………….. .
4. Clare is going to the United States next month. She has never been there before.
(excit-)


a) It will be an ……………………… experience for her.
b) Going to new places is always …………………………… .
c) She is really …………………………. about going to the United States.
D. Choose the correct word:
1.
2.
3.
4.

I was disappointing / disappointed with the film. I had expected it to be better.
Are you interesting / interested in football?
The football match was quite exciting / excited. I enjoyed it.
It’s sometimes embarrassing / embarrassed when you have to ask people for

money.
5. Do you easily get embarrassing / embarrassed ?
6. I had never expected to get the job. I was really amazing / amazed when I was
offered it.
7. She has really learnt very fast. She has made astonishing / astonished progress.
8. I didn’t find the situation funny. I was not amusing / amused.
9. It was a really terrifying / terrified experience. Afterwards everybody was very
shocking / shocked.
10. Why do you always look so boring / bored? Is your life really so boring / bored?
11. He’s one of the most boring / bored people I’ve ever met. He never stops talking
and he never says anything interesting / interested.
E) Complete the sentences using one of the words in the box:
amusing / amused
confusing / confused
annoying / annoyed disgusting / disgusted
boring / bored
exciting / excited

exhausting / exhausted
interesting / interested
surprising / surprised

1. He works very hard. It’s not …… surprising ….. that he’s always tired.
2. I’ve got nothing to do. I’m …………………………………. .
3. The teacher’s explanation was ………………………. . Most of the students didn’t
understand it.
4. The kitchen hadn’t been cleaned for ages. It was really ……………………… .
5. I seldom visit art galleries. I’m not particularly ………………………… in art.
6. There’s no need to get ………………………. just because I’m a few minutes late.
7. The lecture was ……………………….. . I fell asleep.

8. I asked Emily if she wanted to come out with us but she wasn’t
…………………….. .
9. I’ve been working very hard all day and now I’m …………………………. .
10. I’m starting a new job next week. I’m quite …………………………. about it.
11. Tom is very good at telling funny stories. He can be very ……………………….. .
12. Liz is a very …………………….. person. She knows a lot, she’s traveled a lot and
she’s done lots of different things.