How things can change

Physical Sciences
Standards
Preview

How Things Can

Standard Set 1. Physical Sciences
1. Materials come in different forms
(states), including solids, liquids, and
gases. As a basis for understanding
this concept:

Change

1.b. Students know the properties
of substances can change when the
substances are mixed, cooled, or
heated.

Genre

Nonfiction

Comprehension Skill

Put Things in Order

by Peggy Bresnick Kendler

Text Features

• Captions
• Glossary

Science Content

Matter

Scott Foresman Science 1.2

ISBN 0-328-23475-3

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Vocabulary
dissolve
evaporate
freeze
melt

How Things Can

Change
by Peggy Bresnick Kendler

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ISBN: 0-328-23475-3
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Things Can
Change

Milk is a liquid.
We can freeze milk.
To freeze is to change a liquid to a solid.
Frozen milk is a solid.

Things are solid, liquid, or gas.
Things can change.
Mixing can change some things.
Mix cocoa with milk for chocolate milk!

See what happens when cocoa
mixes with milk!

2

3


Heating melts the frozen milk.
Melt means to change to a liquid.
Heating frozen milk makes it into a liquid.

Making Ice Cream

First, pour liquid milk and
cream into a bowl.

Next, stir the liquid in the ice
cream maker.

Popsicles can melt.

The liquid freezes into
a solid. Yum!

4

5


Properties Can
Change
Size, shape, and color can change.
Rain makes puddles bigger.
When you use crayons, they get smaller.

Wood can be changed by fire.
Fire is very, very hot.
Fire burns wood.
Heating changes the wood.
It turns it into ashes and smoke.

Mixing changes some things.
Mix red paint and yellow paint.
You get orange paint!

Fire changes wood into ashes.

6

7


Mixing Changes
Things

Rocks are solid.
Rocks do not dissolve in water.
They stay solid.

Mix some salt with water.
The salt is a solid.
The salt can dissolve in water.
To dissolve means to spread through
a liquid.

8

9


Heating and
Cooling Changes
Things
Water is a liquid.
Water can freeze as it falls from clouds.
The frozen water makes snowflakes.
Snowflakes are solid.

Heating changes snow.
The Sun’s heat melts the snow.
It changes it into water.

Heating makes snow melt.

Snow is frozen water.

10

11


Water as a Gas
Rain makes the ground wet.
Later the ground will be dry.

The water will evaporate into the air.
Evaporate means to change from a liquid
to a gas.
The water evaporates.

12

The Sun’s heat dries the ground.
It turns the water into a gas.
The water goes into the air.
Dirt is a solid.
It does not evaporate.
Dirt stays when the water evaporates.
The dirt does not evaporate.

13


Some Things
Cannot Change
Back
You can toast a piece of bread.
It is changed by heating.
Heating cooks the bread.
It makes it brown and crisp.
The toast will never change back into bread.

You can cook an egg.
The egg is changed by heat.
When the egg is heated it cooks.

The cooked egg will never change back to
a raw egg.

Heating changes
an egg.

Heating changes
bread.

14

15


Glossary
dissolve

spread throughout a liquid

evaporate change from a liquid to a gas
freeze

change from a liquid to a solid

melt

change from a solid into a
liquid

16

What did you learn?
1. What happens to water when it is heated?
2. How does freezing change water?
3.

Write two sentences
describing ice cream before and after it
melts. Describe how it looks and feels.

4.

Put Things in Order Tell what happens
after a snowfall if the Sun comes out and
the air becomes warm. Use the words first,
next, and last.