AS 2220 1 1989 emergency warning and intercommunication

Title

AS 2220.1-1989 Emergency warning and intercommunication systems in buildings Equipment design and manufacture

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AS 2220.1—1989

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Australian Standard 
Emergency warning and
intercommunication systems in
buildings
Part 1: Equipment design and
manufacture


This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee BD/56, Emergency Warning and
Intercommunication Systems in Buildings. It was approved on behalf of the Council

of Standards Australia on 4 May 1989 and published on 11 September 1989.

The following interests are represented on Committee BD/56:
Association of Consulting Engineers, Australia
Australian Assembly of Fire Authorities
Australian Fire Protection Association
Australian Uniform Building Regulations Coordinating Council
Building Owners and Managers Association of Australia

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Commonwealth Fire Board
Department of Administrative Services—Construction Group
Department of Defence
Electrical Contractors Associations of Australia
Fire Protection Industry Association of Australia
Insurance Council of Australia
Public Works Department, New South Wales
Public Works Department, Victoria
Safety Institute of Australia
Telecom Australia

Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject
to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary. It is
important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest ed ition, and any
amendments thereto.
Full details of all Australian Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australia
Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The Australian
Standard’, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new editions
and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.

Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of Standards Australia,
are welcomed. Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be made
without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 85304.


AS 2220.1—1989

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Australian Standard 
Emergency warning and
intercommunication systems in
buildings
Part 1: Equipment design and
manufacture

First published as part of AS 2220—1978.
AS 2220—1978 (in part) revised and redesignated
AS 2220.1—1989.
Incorporating:
Amdt 1—1989.
Amdt 2—1993.

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7262 5785 0

AS 2220.1—1989

2

PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee BD/56, Emergency
Warning and Intercommunication Systems in Buildings. It is Part 1 of a two-part
Standard, the parts of which are as follows:
AS
2220

Emergency warning and intercommunication systems in buildings
Part 1: Equipment design and manufacture (this Standard)
Part 2: System design, installation and commissioning

This Standard together with AS 2220.2 superseded AS 2220—1978, Emergency
warning and intercommunication systems for buildings.
This Standard provides more detailed requirements than AS 2220—1978 but it does
not differ in the overall intent of that Standard.
AS 1851, Maintenance of fire protection equipment, Part 10: Emergency warning and
intercommunication systems, specifies the periodic inspection and maintenance
requirements to ensure continued effective functioning of the emergency warning and
intercommunication systems designed and installed in accordance with AS 2220.

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This Standard does not seek to define the buildings in which these systems are to be
used as it is considered that this is the responsibility of the Building Authority in the
area concerned.

 Copyright STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software. Except where the
Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia may be
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exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia.
Standards Australia will also permit the inclusion of its copyright material in computer software programs for no royalty
payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.
Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the
Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified.
The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in
commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Australia at any time.


3

AS 2220.1—1989

CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SECTION 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2 APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . .

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SECTION 2. EMERGENCY WARNING SYSTEM
2.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2 SYSTEM FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3 SYSTEM COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.4 EMERGENCY CONTROL PANELS (ECPs)
2.5 MAIN EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.6 ACTUATION DEVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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SECTION 3. EMERGENCY INTERCOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
3.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 SYSTEM FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3 ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT AT THE ECPs . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4 EQUIPMENT FOR WARDEN INTERCOMMUNICATION
POINT (WIP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5 PERFORMANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.6 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.7 POWER SUPPLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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SECTION 4. EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
4.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2 ELECTRICAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3 MECHANICAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.4 MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT

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SECTION 5. PERFORMANCE TESTING
5.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3 ENDURANCE TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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SECTION 6. DOCUMENTATION
6.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2 OPERATOR’S MANUAL .
6.3 TECHNICAL MANUAL .

6.4 LOGBOOK . . . . . . . . . . .

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APPENDICES
A TYPICAL BLOCK SCHEMATIC OF BASIC EWIS . . . . . . . . . . .
B INFORMAT ION T O BE SUPPL IE D WHEN SPE CIFYING AN
EMER GE NC Y WARNING AND INTE RC OMMUNICATION
SYST EM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C TYPICAL EMERGENCY CONTROL PANELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
D PREPARATION FOR TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E OPERATIONAL TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F TRANSIENT VOLTAGE TEST PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
G ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY TEST PROCEDURES . .

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31


AS 2220.1—1989

4

FOREWORD

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An emergency warning and intercommunication system is installed in a building for
the purpose of enabling the orderly evacuation of the building in the event of an
emergency. To achieve this aim, it is essential that the emergency warning and
intercommunication system has the following capabilities as appropriate:
(a) Provision for manual and automatic activation.
(b) On activation, the ability to alert wardens with an audible alarm. (A visual alarm
may also be required.)
(c) Where both an emergency warning system and an emergency intercommunication
system are required to comply with AS 2220, these systems are integrated to
provide a positive means of intercommunication between the House Warden and
the various floors or Zone Wardens to enable the orderly evacuation of the
building.
(d) Emission of audible or visible signals, or both, that will either (i) alert the occupants; or
(ii) order the occupants to vacate the building.
(e) Ease of operation.
(f) Continuously operable under the conditions of the hazard.

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5

AS 2220.1—1989

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard
Emergency warning and intercommunication systems in buildings
Part 1: Equipment design and manufacture
SECTION 1.

SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE.
This Standard sets out minimum
requirements for the design and manufacture of the
equipment used in emergency warning and
intercommunication systems, which are installed in
buildings to ensure warning in the event of an
emergency, and assist in the subsequent orderly
evacuation of the building.
1.2 APPLICATION. Equipment for emergency
warning and intercommunication systems in buildings
shall comply with Sections 2, 3 and 4 of this Standard.

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NOTE: Information which should be supplied when specifying an
EWIS is shown in Appendix B.

1.3 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS. The following
documents are referred to in this Standard:
AS STANDARDS
1044
Limits of electromagnetic interference for

electrical appliances and equipment
1076
Code of practice for selection, installation
and maintenance of electrical apparatus and
associated equipment for use in explosive
atmospheres (other than mining applications)
1076.1
Part 1: Basic requirements
1099
Basic environmental testing procedures for
electrotechnology
1102
Graphical symbols for electrotechnical
documentation
1102.101 Part 101: General information and general
index
1102.105 Part 105: Semiconductor and electron tubes
1560
Recommendations for the design and use of
components intended for mounting on printed
circuit boards
1603
Automatic fire detection and alarm systems
1603.4
Part 4: Control and indicating equipment
1931
High voltage testing techniques
1931.1
Part 1: General definitions, test requirements
test procedures and measuring

devices
1939
Classification of degrees of protection
provided by enclosures of electrical
equipment
2036
Manually operating fire-alarm call points
2220
Emergency warning and intercommunication
systems in buildings
2220.2
Part 2: System design, installation and
commissioning
2481
All-or-nothing electrical relays (instantaneous
and timing relays)
2546
Printed boards
2546.1
Part 1: General requirements and test
methods
2546.3
Part 3: Design and use

2547
2547.2.1
2547.2.2
3000
AUSTEL
REG 2

REG 3

IEC
249
249-2
801
801-3
UL
94

Semiconductor devices
Part 2.1: Integrated circuits—General
Part 2.2: Integrated circuits—Digital
SAA Wiring Rules
Int erworking and non-interference
requirements for customer premises
equipment attached to the public switched
telephone network
General requirements for customer switching
systems attached to the public switched
telephone network
Base materials for printed circuits
Part 2: Specifications
Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial
process measurement and control equipment
Part 3: Radiated electromagnetic field
requirements
Tests for flammability of plastic materials for
parts in devices and appliances

APPROVAL AND TEST SPECIFICATIONS
AS
3100

3108
3108.1
3108.2
3108.3

Approval and test specification for definitions
and general requirements for electrical
materials and equipment
Isolating transformers and safety isolating
transformers
Part 1: General requirements
Part 2: Supplementary requirements—
Isolating transformers
Part 3: Supplementary requirements—
Safety isolating transformers

3126

Extra-low voltage transformers

3159

Electronic sound and vision equipment

3250

Mains operated electronic and related
equipment for household and similar general
use

1.4 DEFINITIONS. For the purpose of this Standard,
the definitions below apply.
1.4.1 Alarm system—facility provided in a building to
give an alarm in the event of fire, civil commotion,
bomb threat, leakage of toxic or noxious fumes,
structural damage, or other emergency.
1.4.2 Alarm signal—a signal given by fire alarm, or
other alarm system, at the fire indicator panel (FIP) or
other point at the building, and to places outside the
building, e.g. to a fire brigade.

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AS 2220.1—1989

6

1.4.3 Alert signal—an audible signal, or combination of
audible and visible signals, from the emergency warning
system to alert wardens and other nominated personnel
as necessary to commence prescribed actions.
1.4.4 Approved and approval—approved by, or the
approval of, the Regulatory Authority concerned.
1.4.5 Emergency-alarm-initiating device—a manually

operated device by which an alarm is given to indicate
an emergency.
1.4.6 Emergency control panel (ECP)—a panel by
means of which the emergency warning system and the
emergency intercommunication system (if any) in the
building may be operated.

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NOTE: See also definition of master emergency control panel
(MECP).

1.4.7 Emergency warning and intercommunication
system (EWIS) In this Standard the acronym EWIS is
used to refer to a system which may be either an
emergency warning system or a combined emergency
warning and intercommunication system.
1.4.8 Emergency warning system (EWS)—a system to
provide a distinctive audible signal, verbal address, and
visible signals as required, for emergency alarm
purposes.
1.4.9
Emergency intercommunication system
(EIS)—a two-way system which provides voice
communication between the controlling emergency
control panel (ECP) and the warden intercommunication
points (WIPS).
1.4.10
Evacuation signal—an audible signal, or
combination of audible and visible signals, from the

emergency warning system to indicate to wardens and
building occupants generally that evacuation or other
prescribed actions are necessary.
1.4.11 Evacuation zone—a specific portion of a
building or complex, in which the evacuation procedures
are managed by one zone warden.
NOTE: This term should not be confused with the concept of ‘fire
alarm zone’ as defined in AS 1603.4. Fire alarm zone may or may
not cover the same area as an evacuation zone.

1.4.12 Fire indicator panel (FIP)—a panel on which
is mounted an indicator or indicators together with
associated equipment for the fire alarm or sprinkler
system.

1.4.13 House warden—a person who, during an
emergency, assumes control over the building and
its occupants and is the prime contact with the
appropriate emergency service(s).
1.4.14
Master emergency control panel
(MECP)—a specially designated emergency
control panel (ECP) that on manual operation of its
key switch, takes full control of the emergency
war n in g s y st em a n d th e em erg en cy
intercommunication system, and overrides all other
ECPs in the building.
1.4.15
Regulatory Authority—an authority
administering Acts of Parliament or Regulations

under such Acts.
NOTE: Where adoption of this Standard is not a requirement
of a Regulatory Authority but is a requirement of a body such
as a relevant company or association, then that body, or their
nominee such as the Insurance Council of Australia, may
perform the functions of the Regulatory Authority for the
purposes of this Standard.
If the EWIS is one provided by virtue of Statutory
Regulations, the relevant department will have authority. If
it is a matter of insurance, the relevant insurance company or
association may have authority.

1.4.16 Repeater panel (RP)—an indicator panel
which visually repeats alarm signals from all alarm
zone facilities.
1.4.17 Verbal address—the mode of operation
whereby verbal instruction is given from the
controlling emergency control panel (ECP) to the
building occupants via the loud speaker systems.
1.4.18
Warden intercommunication point
(WIP)—the location on a floor or evacuation zone,
where equipment is provided through which
instructions can be received from the controlling
emergency control panel (ECP) via the emergency
intercommunication system.
1.4.19 Zone (floor) warden—a person who,
during an emergency, assumes control over a
particular floor or evacuation zone under the
direction of the house warden.

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AS 2220.1—1989

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SECTION 2. EMERGENCY WARNING SYSTEM
2.1 GENERAL. The emergency warning system
(EWS) shall provide a totally independent emergency
warning system to alert occupants of a building to a
potential emergency situation and to initiate orderly
evacuation of the building, if required.
2.2 SYSTEM FUNCTIONS. The emergency warning
system shall perform the following functions:
(a) Generate alert and evacuation signals in individual
evacuation zones within a building.
(b) Facilitate verbal address to individual evacuation
zones and throughout the building.
(c) Indicate system status and faults.
(d) Operate from a dedicated battery power supply in
the event of power failure.
Where both an emergency warning system and an
emergency intercommunication system are provided,
these system shall be integrated. The operation of EIS
shall not be inhibited when the EWS is in use.
The system may be used for non-emergency functions,

such as paging and background music, during times of
normal occupancy. All non-emergency functions shall be
disabled during an emergency or power failure.
2.3
SYSTEM COMPONENTS.
The following
components form parts of a system (see Appendix A for
a typical block schematic):
(a) Emergency control panels (ECPs) including verbal
address microphone.
(b) Main equipment which includes amplifier and
evacuation tone generators, automatic level
controller, sound system power amplifiers, fault
monitoring equipment, and power supply (batteries
and charger).
(c) Devices including loud speaker, visible alarm
devices, and emergency alarm initiating devices.
(d) Wiring (as specified in AS 2220.2).
NOTE: This Standard recognizes and is appropriate to the following
system configurations:
(a)
A system operating from a single cabinet containing all
control, signalling and amplification equipment.
(b)
As for (a) but with a single or multiple remote ECPs.
(c)
As for (a) and (b) but with distributed amplification
equipment located in evacuation zones.

2.4 EMERGENCY CONTROL PANELS (ECPs).

2.4.1 General. The emergency warning system may
incorporate one or more ECPs to provide a control and
indication interface with the system. The ECP may be
co-located with the main equipment or at one or a
number of strategically located control positions.
2.4.2
Indicators and controls.
The following
indicators and controls shall be provided at each ECP:
(a) A key-operated AUTOMATIC/MANUAL/
ISOLATE switch as follows:
(i)

Automatic position. In the AUTOMATIC
position, the actuation of the alarm system
shall activate the relevant warning system in
the alert mode. The key shall be removable
only in the AUTOMATIC position. A green
light shall indicate the AUTOMATIC position.

NOTE: The system should remain in the AUTOMATIC position
at all times unless the house warden is attending to the
emergency.

(ii)

(iii)

Manual position. In the MANUAL position,
the automatic initiation of the emergency

warning system shall be inhibited.
The purpose of the MANUAL position shall
be to permit normal control of the warning
system irrespective of the state of the alarm
system and also to negate the actuation of the
warning system during routine testing or
maintenance of the warning system or alarm
systems.
Any ECP shall be able to take control of the
emergency warning system by turning the key
switch to the MANUAL position and, once in
control, it shall inhibit control of the system
from other ECPs. Only the master emergency
control panel (MECP) key switch being placed
in its MANUAL position shall override any
ECP in its MANUAL position.
Isolate position. In the ISOLATE position,
the ECP shall be disabled from distributing
audible and visible signals throughout the
building by key panel operation. All other
functions shall remain operative.
NOTE: In this mode, the ECP may be used for training
purposes without disturbing the building occupants.

(iv) Keys. All EWIS keys shall be keyed alike
with the fire indicator panel (FIP).
(b) Control switches, to cause individual or
simultaneous actuation of warning signal and public
address announcement at selected floors or
evacuation zones. These controls can also be used

for test periods, trial evacuation practices, etc.
NOTE: Different evacuation zones should be able to receive
different signals simultaneously or individually, e.g.
Evacuation zones 9 and 10
alert
Evacuation zone 8
public address
Evacuation zone 7
evacuate
Evacuation zone 6
public address
Evacuation zones 1 to 5
alert.

(c) A microphone, to permit transmission of
instructions to selected floors over the warning
system. This microphone may normally be that
incorporated in the handset used for
intercommunication (see Section 3) connected
through a press-to-talk switch on the ECP.
Alternatively the microphone may be a hand-held,
noise-cancelling device complete with press-to-talk
switch, with coiled flexible cord permanently
connected to the control panel, and shall have a
retaining clip.
NOTE: High energy radio frequency fields may be present due
to close proximity of the police or fire brigade using radio
transceivers during an emergency. (See Clause 4.2.6.)

(d) An audible indicator, capable of drawing immediate

attention to either of the following:
(i) An external alarm condition.
(ii) A system fault.

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AS 2220.1—1989

8

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The sound level of the audible indicator shall be at
least 80 dB(A) measured at a distance of 1 m from
the ECP with the cabinet door (if any) closed.
The audible indicator shall be provided with an
acknowledgment switch which mutes the audible
indicator and changes the associated display from
flashing to steady. Subsequent alarm conditions or
system faults shall reactivate the indicator.
2.4.3 Discrete-switch type panel. ECPs which use
individual switches to control the operation of the
EWIS on each evacuation zone shall comply with the
following:
(a) Switches shall provide visual and tactile or
audible feedback to the operator.
(b) Visible indicators, in accordance with
Clause 2.4.5.5 shall be mounted in or adjacent to
the switches and shall operate within 500 ms of

switch actuation.
(c) Selection of any function shall automatically
cancel any previous function for the same
evacuation zone.
(d) Two types of manual operation as follows:
(i)

All zone mode. Operation of the warning
system on all evacuation zones of the
building in a common mode. In this mode
of operation, the selected signal, e.g., Alert,
Evacuation, Public Address shall be
transmitted to all zones simultaneously. The
‘All Alert’, ‘All Evacuate’ and ‘All Public
Address’ switches shall be latched.
Individual functions shall be overridden
whenever an ‘All’ function is in operation.
The ‘Cancel’ switch shall
reset the
selected function.

(ii) Individual zone mode. Operation of the
warning system on selected evacuation
zones of the building. In this mode of
operation, selected signals, e.g. Alert,
Evacuation, Public Address, shall be
transmitted to different evacuation zones.
The ‘Alert’, ‘Evacuation’ and ‘Public
Address’ functions shall be latched. The
‘Cancel’ switch shall reset the evacuation

zone.
2.4.4 Key-pad type panel. ECPs which use a
key-pad and associated microprocessor to control the
operation of the EWS shall comply with the
following:
(a) The key-pad shall be arranged to provide visual
and tactile or audible feedback.
(b) Visible indicators including alphanumeric
displays shall comply with Clause 2.4.5.5.
Alphanumeric displays shall incorporate
sufficient characters to permit a complete
message to be displayed without scrolling. Seven
segment displays shall not be used.
Where liquid crystal displays are used they shall
i ncorporat e backl i ght i ng. Incandescent
backlighting is not acceptable.
(c) The sequence of a key-pad entry shall be the
evacuation zone followed by the function (e.g.

45-evacuate). On completion of a key-pad entry, the
system shall display the command on the
alphanumeric display within 500 ms and request that
the ‘OK’ key be pressed to activate the function. The
clearing of a ‘non-keyed’ entry shall be achieved by
pressing the ‘CANCEL’ key.
(d) Any incorrect command shall bring up on the
display an ‘error’ message, in plain English,
without abbreviations.
(e) Operation shall be in an ‘ALL ZONE MODE’,
and ‘INDIVIDUAL ZONE MODE’ basis, as

follows:
(i)

All zone mode. Selection of the ‘ALL’ area
key shall cause the selected signal to be
distributed to all evacuation zones of the
building.
(ii) Individual zone mode. Selection of an
individual evacuation zone shall distribute
the selected signal to the required
evacuation zone.
NOTE: Pre-selected groups of zones may be
pre-programmed to allow activation by a single key.

(f) Cancellation of an existing function shall be
achieved by rekeying the relevant zone(s)
followed by the required function, and pressing
the ‘OK’ key when prompted.
(g) A repeater panel shall be incorporated into the
key-pad type panel to indicate the functions that
are active for each evacuation zone.
2.4.5 Arrangement of indicators and controls.
2.4.5.1 General. The indicators and controls at the
ECP shall be arranged ergonomically.
The indicators shall be arranged in a pattern that will
give an easily interpreted layout of the evacuation
zones in a building for which it is intended. They
shall be arranged per evacuation zone and they shall
provide the operator with information on the progress
of the operation.

2.4.5.2
Discrete-switch type panel.
Where a
discrete-switch type panel is specified, this shall
have, for each zone, individual function switches
together with their respective indications, arranged in
a pattern that will give an easily interpreted layout of
the evacuation zones in a building for which it is
intended. (See Figure C1, Appendix C, for a typical
example.) They shall be arranged per evacuation zone
and they shall provide the operator with information
on the progress of the operation.
2.4.5.3 Key-pad type panel. Where a key-pad type
panel is specified, this shall incorporate a dedicated
key for each of the functions, namely alert,
evacuation, public address and cancellation, plus a
separate numerical keyboard which shall allow for
floor or evacuation zone selection. The keyboard shall
provide formation of groups by using a ‘to’ key, e.g.
‘7-to-10-Evacuate’ would initiate evacuation in zones
7,8,9 and 10. (See Figure C1, Appendix C, for a
typical example.)
2.4.5.4 Functions and colours. The functions and
the associated colours shall be in accordance with
Table 2.1.

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2.4.5.5 Visible indicators. Visible indicators shall be
readily distinguishable when viewed from a distance
of 1 m and at all angles of up to 30 degrees from the
indicator’s axis when the panel in which the indicator
is located, is illuminated at a level of 600 lx. The
flashing frequency shall be between 1 Hz and 2 Hz
with approximately equal on-off periods.
Incandescent lamps are not acceptable.

2.5.2.4 Automatic overriding of ancillary functions.
Where the emergency warning system is intended to be
used as a paging-background music system under
non-emergency conditions, priority shall be given to the
emergency warning functions when manually or
automatically activated. Where local volume controls
are incorporated, these shall be by-passed when the
emergency warning system is activated. The by-pass
shall be wired in a fail-safe mode.

TABLE 2.1
CONTROL AND INDICATOR COLOURS

2.5.2.5 Circuit integrity. The system shall be designed
so that failure of any component within any evacuation
zone, including conductors, amplifiers, and fault
detection systems, does not affect the normal operation
of other evacuation zones.
2.5.2.6 Actuation of warning signals. Any alarm
condition initiated via alarm initiating signal lines from—

(a) alarm systems;
(b) emergency alarm initiating devices; and
(c) any selected warning signal function keyed in at a
controlling ECP;
shall cause the distribution of warning signals to the
appropriate evacuation zones within 5 s.

Function
Actuate alert tone
Actuate evacuation tone
Actuate public address systems
Cancel
A combined fire and local alarm
indication for each evacuation zone
Fault/audible indicator

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AS 2220.1—1989

Colour, Indicator
Amber, steady
Red, steady
Amber, steady
—
Red, flashing, steady
on acknowledgment
Amber, flashing, steady
on acknowledgment

2.4.5.6 Labelling of indicators and controls. All
EWIS indicators and controls shall be indelibly
labelled with their actual function name or a readily
recognizable abbreviation.
2.4.6 ECP circuit protection. The integrity of the
circuit connections between the ECPs located
remotely from the main equipment shall be
continuously monitored. Loss of communications due
to a fault shall be raised as an alarm at the MECP.
2.5 MAIN EQUIPMENT.
2.5.1
General.
The main equipment of the
emergency warning system comprises all necessary
automatic control, signalling, amplification and power
supplies to provide system operation in conjunction
with an ECP and remote actuation devices.
2.5.2 System operation.
2.5.2.1 General. The system shall provide for—
(a) automatic initiation of the EWS by the activation
of any alarm initiating device or alarm system,
connected to the EWS; and
(b) manual operation by key switch at the ECP.
2.5.2.2
Automatic evacuation sequence.
For
buildings with 6 or more evacuation zones, automatic
execution of the evacuation shall be arranged so that
the affected evacuation zones have first priority and
the other evacuation zones are evacuated in a logical

sequence.
NOTE: As an example for a multistorey building, this order of
priority could be as follows:
(a)
Emergency—affected level.
(b)
Two levels above.
(c)
Level below.
(d)
Other levels in priority order.

2.5.2.3 Interconnection of alarm systems. The main
equipment shall be interconnected with the FIP,
where provided. An isolation facility shall be
incorporated to prevent automatic actuation of the
emergency warning system under test conditions. Any
other alarm system connected to the emergency
warning system shall have a similar facility.
Isolation of alarm initiating signalling lines shall raise
a fault indication (see Clause 2.5.7.2).

2.5.2.7 System program. Where a programmed system
is incorporated, it shall be non-volatile, i.e. a failure of
electrical power shall not require re-programming.
2.5.3 Warning signal generation.
2.5.3.1 Audible signals. Alert and evacuation signals
shall be provided in accordance with the following
requirements:
(a) Alert signal. The audible alert signal shall be a

repetitive interrupted square wave of 420 Hz
having equal on-off duration of 0.625 s each.
Upon assignment of an alert signal to an
evacuation zone, the first tone burst shall be 50 dB
below the maximum output specified in
AS 2220.2; each successive tone burst shall have
an amplitude of 10 dB above that of the previous
one until the maximum is reached at the sixth tone
burst. All subsequent tone bursts after the sixth
shall have the maximum output specified in
AS 2220.2.
A graphical representation of the alert signal is
given in Figure 2.1.
(b) Evacuation signal-automatic mode. The evacuation
signal shall be emitted in cycles of 24 s duration.
Each cycle shall consist of four identical bursts
of a frequency-modulated square wave increasing
from 500 Hz to 1200 Hz, followed by two
identical verbal messages, in accordance with
Figure 2.2 except that for special applications the
total length of the verbal message may be
extended up to 20 s per cycle, but the four tone
bursts per cycle shall remain.
(c) Evacuation signal-manual mode. The evacuation
signal shall be a frequency-modulated square
wave uniformly increasing from 500 Hz to
1200 Hz at a repetition rate of 15 cycles per
minute. The signal should have an ON duration
of 3.75 s and an OFF duration of 0.25 s giving a
total of ON-OFF duration of 4.0 s.

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AS 2220.1—1989

10

(d) Stored verbal message. The verbal message shall
be either digitally stored or utilize voice synthesized
techniques. The verbal message derived from either
method should be clear, intelligible and without
accent. The signal shall have a minimal operational
band width of 300 Hz to 4 kHz.
Each message, in a form that is applicable to the
particular building, shall instruct occupants to
evacuate the building as directed.
(e) Tolerances. The frequencies and durations given
for audible signals specified herein may vary within
±5 percent, within the full operating temperature
range, including anticipated long-term ageing
effects. Digitally generated, frequency stepped
increments shall not exceed 4 percent.

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2.5.3.2 Visible signals. Where required, the visible
signal for alert and evacuation shall be flashing lights,
having not less than 60 and not more than 120 flashes
per minute. The colours of these lights shall be amber

for alert and red for evacuation.
2.5.3.3 Duration of alert signal. The alert signal shall
continue on until manual control of the system is taken
and, if not responded to within a prescribed time from

initiation, the automatic evacuation sequence shall
commence. The prescribed time shall be established to
suit the particular building, but it shall not exceed
10 min.
2.5.4 Automatic level controller. The main equipment
shall incorporate an automatic level controller with a
dynamic range of at least 30 dB, to ensure voice
messages from ECPs are distributed to amplifiers at a
level which ensures compliance with sound performance
requirements.
2.5.5 Sound system amplifiers.
2.5.5.1 Design and output. Pre-amplifiers and power
amplifiers shall be of solid state design. The output level
of amplifiers shall be adjustable. Adjustments shall be
preset on the circuit card.
2.5.5.2 Performance. Each amplifier shall have the
performance characteristics shown in Table 2.3.
2.5.5.3 Power rating and regulation. The nominal
average power rating of each amplifier shall be not less
than 3 dB above the average power required to produce
the prescribed sound levels in the respective evacuation
zone.
The line output shall be floating above ground potential.

FIGURE 2.1 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE ALERT SIGNAL

FIGURE 2.2 AUTOMATIC EVACUATION-SIGNAL CYCLE

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Line output voltage regulation shall be within 1 dB
between full load and no load.
TABLE 2.3
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF
AMPLIFIERS
Characteristic
Power bandwidth—
(a) lower boundary
(b) upper boundary
Maximum frequency response variation
Signal-to-noise ratio
Distortion when operated at any point
within its power rating within the specified
bandwidth

Value
≤0.3 kHz
≥10 kHz
±1 dB
≥60 dB
≤ 2 percent

2.5.5.4 Short-circuit and open-circuit protection. In the
event of a short-circuit or open-circuit speaker line, the
respective evacuation zone amplifier shall draw not more
than 20 percent current in excess of the existing speaker
load.

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NOTE: This will prevent the amplifier drawing excessive power
from the time-limited emergency battery power.

Amplifier output shall be capable of operating into an
open-circuit or short-circuit without damage. Protection
circuits shall be self-restoring.
2.5.6 Battery charger.
2.5.6.1 General. The battery charger shall be of a type
appropriate to the battery characteristics and shall be
capable of charging the batteries within 24 h from the
discharged condition to full capacity, while providing the
quiescent load of the system, including any ancillary
functions connected to the system for use in
non-emergency conditions. The float charge voltage shall
be capable of being set to the battery manufacturer’s
specification for power source variations within the limits
specified in Clause 2.5.6.5 and for operation within the
temperature limits specified for the equipment.
NOTE: For certain types of batteries, temperature compensation of
charging voltage may be required to minimize electrolyte loss.
Reference to manufacturer’s technical data is recommended.

Where the battery charger is located remotely from the
batteries, remote battery voltage-sensing facilities shall
be provided to ensure the correct charging voltage at the
batteries.
2.5.6.2 Charger failure alarm. Failure of the battery
charger or its supply shall bring up a flashing visual and
audible alarm at the ECPs. The audible alarm shall be
provided with a ‘mute’ switch having a reset capability
which, after resetting, will accept subsequent fault alarms
and will change the flashing visible indicator to a steady
visual alarm. The visible indicator shall be such that it
can be cleared only by repairing the fault.
2.5.6.3 Mains-isolating switch. A multiple isolating
switch, appropriately labelled and within the equipment
enclosure, shall be provided to isolate all active and
neutral conductors of the a.c. mains supply from the
permanently connected equipment power supply and
battery charger. Operation of this switch shall not
disconnect the battery circuit from the equipment.
2.5.6.4
Battery protection.
A suitable overload
protection device, such as a circuit-breaker, shall be
installed as close as possible to the battery. An audible

AS 2220.1—1989

and visual alarm at the ECPs shall be provided. This
alarm will signal or indicate the breaking of the circuit.
The alarm supply line shall be protected against

overload.
Voltages shall be individually generated within the
equipment. No tapping of the battery is permitted to
derive intermediate voltages.
2.5.6.5
Voltage and current regulation.
Output
parameters of the battery charger shall remain within the
specified limits under normal input power source
variations from +6 percent to -10 percent.
Voltage regulation and current limiting circuit shall be
provided so that the battery manufacturer’s ratings are
not exceeded.
2.5.7 Fault monitoring.
2.5.7.1 General. Continuous automatic monitoring of
the tone generator, evacuation zone amplifiers, the
outgoing loudspeaker lines and the visual alarm lines for
short-circuit and open-circuit conditions shall be
provided. The failed circuit shall indicate the fault
associated with the appropriate evacuation zone. Any
fault condition shall be announced within 2 s in all
modes at the ECP.
2.5.7.2 Alarm-initiating signal lines. Alarm-initiating
signal lines shall comply with the following:
(a) Fault monitoring (supervision) is required for signal
lines between alarm systems and main equipment
when automatic evacuation sequencing is required
(see Clause 2.5.2.2).
(b) Supervision is required for master alarm-initiating
signal lines from alarm systems located within the

building.
(c) Supervision is required for emergency
alarm-initiating lines.
2.5.7.3 Lamp test facility. A common lamp test facility
shall be provided, to monitor lamp operation by means
of a non-latching switch.
2.5.8 Serial interface for monitoring and control
functions.
The EWIS may incorporate a data
communications port to facilitate computer-based remote
monitoring and control of the system. Where provided,
the port shall comply with the following:
(a) Control functions through this port shall only be
operable when an automatic/manual/isolate switch
provided in accordance with Clause 2.4.2 in the
remote equipment is in the ‘MANUAL’ position.
(b) It shall not be possible to re-program any automatic
evacuation sequences contained in the EWIS using
this communications port.
(c) Any fault in equipment connected to this port shall
not affect the correct operation of the EWIS when
operating under automatic control or when an
MECP is in manual control of the system.
(d) Computer systems connected to the data
communications port shall not utilize any automatic
evacuation sequencing programs when controlling
the evacuation of a building in its manual switched
position.

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NOTE: The command structure and screen display of the remote
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AS 2220.1—1989

12

2.6 ACTUATION DEVICES. Actuation devices
shall be connected to the emergency warning system
to provide audible and visible indication in
evacuation zones and to provide manual activation of
the system.
2.6.1 Loudspeakers. Loudspeakers shall have a
minimum frequency response within ±6 dB in the
frequency range from 0.3 kHz to 10 kHz. The line
transformer shall not have insertion losses exceeding
1 dB at 100 Hz and at full rated loudspeaker power.
NOTE: It is recommended to use variable tap transformers to
accommodate future changes in sound-pressure levels.

2.6.3
Emergency-alarm-initiating devices.
Emergency-alarm- initiating devices shall be of the
‘break-the-glass’ type and shall comply with AS 2036
except where otherwise specified in this Standard.
The operation of an emergency-alarm-initiating device
shall raise an alarm on the ECP together with an
indication of the zone initiating activation.

The device shall be coloured white and shall be labelled
‘Emergency alarm’ in black letters not less than 5 mm
high on a white background.
NOTE: It is not intended that these emergency-alarm-initiating
devices automatically call external emergency services (e.g. Fire
brigade, police, etc).

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2.6.2 Visual alarm devices. Visual alarm devices
shall be zenon discharge type with a minimum flash
energy of 2.5 J. They shall be installed in areas with
high ambient noise levels or in areas where audible
signals are inappropriate.

Devices shall be powered from the EWS power supply.

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AS 2220.1—1989

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SECTION 3. EMERGENCY INTERCOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
3.1 GENERAL. An emergency intercommunication
system shall be independent of all other communication
systems within the building. This shall be integrated with

the emergency warning system and it shall comply with
this Section. The operation of the EWS shall not be
inhibited when the EIS is in use.
The emergency intercommunication system shall remain
active when the key switch is in the AUTOMATIC and
MANUAL positions.
3.2
SYSTEM FUNCTIONS.
The emergency
intercommunication system shall comply with the
following:
(a) At each ECP, it shall provide facilities for the house
warden to—
(i) call individual warden intercommunication
points (WIPs) or address all WIPs
simultaneously, with group connection at his
discretion; and
(ii) converse with each WIP on a full duplex
basis. Voice-switch systems are not
acceptable.
When using all call address, communication
should be mono-directional from the ECP.

The arrangement of the displays and controls shall be
similar to that of the emergency warning system.

NOTE: In addition, there may be specified facilities
provided for the house warden to converse with up to five
WIPs on a conference basis (see Clause 3.5.7).

3.5.2 Audible call signal. The distinctive audible
signal shall be at least 80 dB(A) when measured at
1 m from the apparatus and shall continue until the
called party lifts the handset unless cancelled.

(b) It shall provide facilities for any WIP to call the
controlling ECP.
(c) It shall provide equipment to enable controlling
ECP to accept calls at the house warden’s
discretion.
(d) It shall provide distinctive call signals at the ECPs
and WIPs as follows:
(i) Audible and visible signal at the ECPs.
(ii) Audible signal at each WIP.
(e) Direct calling between WIPs is not permitted.
3.3 ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT AT THE ECPs.
3.3.1 Controls and indicators. In addition to the
indicators required for the emergency warning systems,
those listed in Table 3.1 shall be provided at the ECPs.
TABLE 3.1
CONTROL AND INDICATOR COLOURS

3.3.2 Handset. A handset shall be provided at the
ECP with mouthpiece and earpiece permanently
connected to the rest of the apparatus by means of a
flexible cord.
When the handset is lifted, calls can be initiated from
the ECP and any incoming intercommunication
audible call signals shall be muted.
The handset shall be made of a high-impact material.

3.4
EQUIPMENT FOR WARDEN
INTERCOMMUNICATION POINT (WIP). At
each WIP, wall-mounted equipment shall be provided
for the purpose of communicating with the controlling
ECP. The apparatus shall be made of red high-impact
material.
3.5 PERFORMANCE.
3.5.1 Quality of transmission. Voice transmission
and reception quality shall be not less than that
currently used by Telecom Australia.
NOTE: Performance requirements are contained in the relevant
clauses of Austel Regulations REG2 and REG3.

At the ECP, the audible call signal shall be
distinguishable from fault alarm audible indicator
operation.
3.5.3 Automatic call to the controlling ECP.
Removal of a WIP handset from its cradle shall
automatically call the controlling ECP. The audible
call signal shall be at least 80 dB(A) when measured
at 1 m from the ECP.
3.5.4 Confidence tone. When a handset is removed
from its cradle, a tone shall be heard in the earpiece.
This tone shall be generated in the main equipment.
At the WIP, the tone shall continue until the call is
answered.
At the ECP, the tone shall continue until a call to a
WIP is initiated, at which time, the tone shall become
periodic at the same rate as the flashing indicator, and

continue until the call is answered or cancelled.
The confidence tone shall be reinstated when
connections are terminated.

Function
Colour, Indicator
Zone warden calling ECP or Red, flashing on call
ECP calling zone warden
initiated, steady on
connection
Fault indication
Amber, flashing, steady
on acknowledgment
Evacuation zone cleared
Green, steady
indication (memory button)

3.5.5 WIP circuit independence. An open-circuit or
short-circuit fault on the connection to one WIP shall
not affect the operation of the remainder of the
system.

Call initiations to WIPs shall be accomplished by
pressing a push button with a latching function. This
shall initiate a call signal at the selected WIP, which
shall continue, until the call is answered or cancelled.

3.5.6 All-call address. For the all-call address
facility, the speech and call signal level shall be equal
to that of a single call.

3.5.7 Group conversation. Where facilities for
group conversation are provided, this shall be limited
to five WIPs and the signal clarity and level shall be
equal to that of a single call.

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AS 2220.1—1989

14

3.6 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS. Emergency
intercommunication systems shall comply with the
equipment design and construction requirements of
Section 4, as appropriate.
3.7
POWER SUPPLY.
The emergency
intercommunication system shall obtain its power
from the emergency warning system power supply.

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3.5.8
Fault monitoring.
Continual automatic
monitoring of the call signal lines and speech lines for
open-circuit and short-circuit conditions shall be
provided. The fault condition shall be announced within

2 s via an audible and visual fault indication.
3.5.9 System program. Where a programmed system
is incorporated, it shall be non-volatile i.e. failure of
electrical power shall not require reprogramming.

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SECTION 4.

AS 2220.1—1989

EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

4.1 GENERAL. All materials and components shall
comply with the relevant Australian Standards. The
equipment shall be suitable for an operating
environment within the temperature range -5°C to
+45°C and humidity up to 95 percent
(non-condensing), and shall be designed to comply
with the performance requirements specified in
Section 5.
4.1.1 Installation height. All ECP zone facility
indicators and controls shall be designed for
installation heights between 750 mm and 1850 mm
from floor level.

4.1.2 Hazardous locations. Where parts of the
EWIS are used in hazardous locations, they shall be
approved for use in such locations.
4.1.3
Interface equipment.
Where interface
equipment is required it should be included in the
ECP enclosure.
4.1.4 Telecom lines. Equipment connected to
Telecom lines shall comply with the relevant Austel
regulations.
4.2 ELECTRICAL.
4.2.1 General. The equipment shall be designed to
operate in a voltage transient, electromagnetic
interference environment specified in Clause 4.2.5
and Section 5 without degradation or malfunction.
Components and conductors of the equipment shall be
adequately sized, insulated, or supported with
sufficient clearance being provided to ensure that no
live part can make contact with any exposed metal or
other component or conductor, such as will cause any
accessible part or terminal to become a live part, and
so that no fire hazard shall occur.
4.2.2 Component ratings. The electrical and
electronic components shall be suitably rated to
withstand the conditions that will occur inside an
electronics enclosure when subjected to the tests
specified in this Standard. Equipment design shall
ensure that the components used shall not exceed the
limits specified by the component manufacturer.

4.2.3 Voltage. Voltages in excess of extra-low
voltage shall be physically separated and electrically
isolated from extra-low voltage operated equipment
in accordance with AS 3100.
4.2.4 Printed boards. All printed boards shall
comply with AS 2546.1. The material used for
fabrication shall be flame-resistant, and equal in
quality to that specified in IEC 249 Part 2,
Specification 5 (249-2-5-IEC-EP-GC-CU).
NOTES:
1. Conductor width and thickness specifications should be in
accordance with AS 2546.3 and spaced in accordance with
AS 3250.
2. Epoxide woven glass fabric, copper clad laminate sheet
complying with the requirements of UL 94 for grades V0 and
V1 is an acceptable material.

4.2.5 Electomagnetic compatibility. All circuitry
of the EWIS shall be designed to provide immunity
to high energy radio frequency fields in its proximity.
(See Clause 5.3.2.7 for performance testing).

NOTE: High energy radio frequency fields may be present due
to close proximity of the police or fire brigade using radio
transmitters during an emergency.

4.2.6 Transformers. Power supply transformers
shall comply with AS 3126. Power transformer
overload protection shall be provided on all secondary
windings, with an appropriately rated fuse or

circuit-breaker.
4.3 MECHANICAL.
4.3.1 Modular construction. The equipment shall
be of modular construction with plug-in electronic
sub-assemblies.
4.3.2
Mechanical strength.
The mechanical
strength of all equipment panels and subassemblies
shall be adequate to support the weight of
components mounted thereon, and the panels and
subassemblies shall be sufficiently rigid to prevent
any detrimental effects due to bending or handling
throughout the life of the equipment.
4.3.3 Accessibility. The equipment shall be easily
accessible for maintenance purposes. Subassemblies
shall be capable of removal by use of ordinary hand
tools without the removal of components on the
subassembly. A minimum space of 50 mm from
terminal blocks shall be provided to permit easy
access for incoming external wiring.
4.3.4 Equipment enclosures and subassemblies.
Equipment enclosures and subassemblies shall comply
with the following, as appropriate:
(a) Equipment enclosures shall comply with
AS 3000.
(b) The creation, in equipment, of moisture traps or
crevices which would tend to impair insulation
resistance or set up conditions assisting corrosion
shall be avoided.

(c) Equipment, as would be installed, shall withstand
without failure the impact test specified in
AS 1099.
(d) The equipment enclosures shall have a protective
surface finish suitable for normal operation and
environment. Treated surfaces such as paint,
coatings, platings, or etching shall be completed,
uniform and free from scratches or voids.
(e) Cable entry in the form of knockouts or gland
plates shall be provided. These entry points shall
be sufficient to accommodate the incoming
cabling to the equipment enclosures and shall be
processed at the manufacturing stage of the
enclosure.
(f) The equipment enclosure, including cable entry
points, shall be adequately dust sealed, in
accordance with AS 1939, IP51 (Category 2).
(g) The equipment enclosure shall have adequate
space to contain the system logbook specified in
AS 2220.2.
(h) Where an ECP is located in a position accessible
to the public or subject to unauthorized
tampering, an equipment enclosure door with
l oc k a nd ke y i n ac c o rd a n ce w i t h
Clause 2.4.2(a)(iv) shall be provided.

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AS 2220.1—1989

16

(i) Where equipment enclosure doors cover controls
and indicators, a rigid transparent viewing panel
shall be provided in the door so that the status of
the indicators and their associated zone labelling
may be seen without opening the door.
(j) Screws used for manufacture and installation
shall not be threaded directly into sheet metal
panels unless the threaded length of the tapped
hole is at least equal to the diameter of the
screw. Where this is not possible, backing blocks
or formed holes shall be employed. Screw
threads and fixings shall comply with AS 3100.
Where components are usually removed for
servicing, self-tapping screws shall not be used.
(k) Tapped holes in non-metallic materials shall not
be used. Metal inserts arranged so that they will
not rotate or loosen are permitted.
4.3.5 Battery enclosures. Batteries shall be secured
from unauthorized persons.
Non-sealed batteries shall be located in a separate
enclosure sealed from other parts of the electronic
equipment. The enclosure shall be protected against
corrosion and shall be well ventilated and be of such
a size as will permit easy access for battery
inspection and maintenance without need to

disconnect individual cells or batteries.
4.4 MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION OF
EQUIPMENT.
4.4.1 Enclosure marking. Each enclosure shall
comply with the marking requirements of AS 3100
and have a prominent and permanently attached name
plate with the following information:
(a) Name of manufacturer.
(b) Type of EWIS.
(c) Drawing/serial number.
(d) Year of manufacture.
(e) Approval number, where applicable.
4.4.2 Component labelling.

component designation shall be shown pictorially in
the EWIS technical manual. (See Section 6.)
Operational function and test points for checking
voltages and wave shapes shall also be marked
indelibly on each circuit board or in the EWIS
technical manual.
4.4.2.2 Transformers and terminals. Marking of
transformers and terminals shall be in accordance
with AS 3000, AS 3100, and AS 3108.1, AS 3108.2
and AS 3108.3. The minimum requirements are as
follows:
(a) Transformers.
(i) Name of manufacturer.
(ii) Type and approval numbers.
(iii) Pri mary and secondary vol tages,
frequencies and currents.

(b) Terminals. These shall be clearly labelled to
show the input and output voltages and the type
of circuit connected, e.g. mains connection
‘active’, ‘neutral’ and the earthing lug ‘earth’.
4.4.2.3 Fuses. Fuses shall be indelibly marked as
near as practicable to the fuse-holder with the
following information:
(a) Circuit reference.
(b) Current rating and fuse type.
NOTE: Manufacturers making a statement of compliance with
this Australian Standard on a product, or on packaging or
promotional material related to that product, are advised to
ensure that such compliance is capable of being verified.
Independent certification is available from Standards Australia
under the StandardsMark Product Certification Scheme. The
StandardsMark, shown below, is a (registered) certification trade
mark owned by Standards Australia and granted under licence to
manufacturers whose products comply with the requirements of
suitable Australian Standards and who operate sound quality
assurance programs to ensure consistent product quality.
Further information on product certification and the suitability
of this Standard for certification is available from Standards
Australia’s Quality Assurance Services, 1 The Crescent,
Homebush, N.S.W., 2140.

4.4.2.1 Printed circuit board (PCB) component
references. Each PCB component shall have a circuit
reference designation indelibly marked on the PCB
adjacent to the component so that it can be seen
without removing any component and the removal or

replacement of components does not destroy the
identification. Where this is not practicable, the

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AS 2220.1—1989

SECTION 5. PERFORMANCE TESTING
5.1
GENERAL.
The emergency warning and
intercommunication system (EWIS) tests shall be carried
out in the order set out in Figures 5.1 and 5.2 which
includes the electrical and mechanical construction
requirements in Section 4.
Where failure occurs during testing, the manufacturer
may rectify the fault. However the sequence of tests shall
recommence from the beginning of the particular test in
which the equipment failed. Where changes to the
equipment are made that would affect the previous test
results, then those previous tests shall be repeated.
5.2 FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT.
5.2.1 Operational state. The EWIS shall be tested
under full load conditions in accordance with Appendix
E.
5.2.2 Operational test. The EWIS shall be tested in
accordance with Appendix E.

The equipment shall comply with the following:
(a) There shall be no operational malfunction.
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(b) There shall be no mechanical deterioration.
(c) There shall be no obvious performance degradation.
5.3 ENDURANCE TEST.
5.3.1 Impact test. A free-fall test shall be performed
in which the bottom of the EWIS enclosure or subassembly racks shall fall flat onto concrete floor from a
height of 100 mm. After the fall, EWIS shall—
(a) be inspected, and any loose or faulty components
shall be recorded and rectified by the manufacturer
before retesting; and
(b) remain in good serviceable condition, and be
checked in accordance with Clause 5.2.2.
Equipment connected externally to the enclosure
and the battery shall not be included in this test.

(a) Condition the EWIS in accordance with
Paragraph D3 of Appendix D.
(b) Conduct the operational test (see Clause 5.2.2).
(c) The EWIS shall be installed in the test environment
in its normal service orientation. A free flow of air
around the specimen shall be maintained throughout
the test. Battery supplies shall be removed and
simulated for the duration of the test.
(d) The EWIS shall be switched on and operated in its
fully loaded condition in accordance with
Paragraph D3 of Appendix D. If the EWIS is
provided with artificial heating and/or cooling, the

facility shall be allowed to operate in a manner
which would simulate the normal service situation.
(e) Decrease the ambient temperature of the test
chamber to -10°C and maintain for 16 h. The rate
of change of temperature shall not exceed 1°C/min
to avoid temperature shock.
(f) Where practicable carry out the operational test (see
Clause 5.2.2) and note results.
(g) Increase the ambient temperature of the test
chamber to room temperature and maintain for a
recovery period of not less than 2 h.
(h) Check that temperature and humidity limits for the
recovery period are as follows:
(i) Temperature: between 15°C and 25°C.
(ii) Relative humidity: between 45% and 75%.
(i) Conduct the operational test (see Clause 5.2.2).
5.3.2.5 Dry heat test. The EWIS shall be tested in
accordance with AS 1099.2Bd and the following
procedure:
(a) Condition the EWIS in accordance with
Paragraph D3 of Appendix D.
(b) Conduct the operational test (see Clause 5.2.2).

5.3.2 Environmental tests.
5.3.2.1 General. Environmental tests shall be conducted
in the following sequence:
(a) Cold test (see Clause 5.3.2.4).
(b) Dry heat test (see Clause 5.3.2.5).
(c) Damp heat test (see Clause 5.3.2.6).
All evacuation zone

environmental tests.

equipment

shall

undergo

5.3.2.2 Abnormal environmental considerations. Where
equipment is installed outside the environment conditions
of -5°C to +45°C, any tests that apply shall ensure that
the equipment performs satisfactorily under the most
onerous environmental conditions required for the
particular project in which it will be installed.
5.3.2.3 Forced air ventilation. Where the test chamber
has forced air ventilation, the EWIS shall be subjected to
the additional test conditions in accordance with
AS 1099.2Ad and AS 1099.2Bd.
5.3.2.4 Cold test. The EWIS shall be tested in
accordance with AS 1099.2Ad and the following
procedures:

NOTE: Where conditions (a) and (b) have been complied with
from the previous test, it is not necessary for them to be
repeated.

(c) The EWIS shall be installed in the test environment
in its normal service orientation. A free flow of air
around the specimen shall be maintained throughout
the test. Battery supplies shall be removed and

simulated for the duration of the test.
(d) The EWIS shall be switched on and operated in its
fully loaded condition in accordance with
Paragraph D3 of Appendix D. If the EWIS is
provided with artificial cooling, the cooling facility
shall be allowed to operate in a manner which
would simulate the normal service situation.
(e) Increase the ambient temperature of the test
chamber to 55°C ±2°C and maintain for 16 h. The
rate of change of temperature shall not exceed
1°C/min to avoid temperature shock.
(f) Where practicable carry out the operational test (see
Clause 5.2.2) and note results.
(g) Decrease the ambient temperature of the test
chamber to room temperature and maintain for a
recovery period of not less than 2 h.

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AS 2220.1—1989

18

(h) Check that temperature and humidity limits for the
recovery period are as follows:
(i) Temperature: between 15°C and 25°C.
(ii) Relative humidity: between 45% and 75%.

(i) Conduct the operational test (see Clause 5.2.2).

(b) The conducted level of electromagnetic energy is
1 volt RMS across a 50 ohm load in the frequency
range of 0.5 MHz to 220 MHz.

5.3.2.6 Damp heat test. The EWIS shall be tested in
accordance with AS 1099.2Ca and the following
procedure:
(a) Condition the EWIS in accordance with
Paragraph D3 of Appendix D.
(b) Conduct the operational test (see Clause 5.2.2).

5.3.2.8 Performance criteria. The EWIS when tested in
accordance with Clause 5.3.2 shall meet the following
performance criteria:

NOTE: Where conditions (a) and (b) have been complied with
from the previous test, it is not necessary for them to be
repeated.

(b) The EWIS shall comply with the operational test
(see Clause 5.2.2).

(c) The EWIS shall be installed in the test environment
in its normal service orientation. A free flow of air
around the specimen shall be maintained throughout
the test. Battery supplies shall be removed and
simulated for the duration of the test.
(d) The EWIS shall be switched on and operated in its

fully loaded condition in accordance with
Paragraph D3 of Appendix D. If the EWIS is
provided with artificial cooling, the cooling facility
shall be allowed to operate in a manner which
would simulate the normal service situation.
(e) Expose the EWIS to a temperature of 40°C ±2°C
and a relative humidity of 93% +2%, -3% for a
duration of 4 days. The rate of change of
temperature shall not exceed 1°C/min to avoid
temperature shock.
(f) Where practicable carry out operational test (see
Clause 5.2.2) and note results.
(g) Decrease the temperature and humidity of the test
chamber to room conditions and maintain for a
recovery period of not less than 2 h.
(h) Check that temperature and humidity limits for the
recovery period are as follows:
(i) Temperature: between 15°C and 25°C.
(ii) Relative humidity: between 45% and 75%.
(i) Conduct the operational test (see Clause 5.2.2).
5.3.2.7 Electromagnetic compatibility. The EWIS shall
be subjected to tests as described in Appendix G to
determine its ability to operate without degradation in an
electromagnetic environment where:
(a) The radiated level of electromagnetic energy in the
frequency range 27 MHz to 500 MHz is 3.0 V/m.
NOTE: This requirement is based on tests specified in IEC 801-3.

The EWIS shall be checked for compliance with the
emission requirements of AS 1044.

(a) The EWIS shall not initiate any false warning or
call signals and no fault condition shall be
indicated.

5.3.3 Transient voltage tests.
5.3.3.1 General. Two types of transient voltage tests
(impulse voltage withstand and high frequency
disturbance) shall apply as specified in Appendix F.
5.3.3.2 Impulse withstand test. When the EWIS is
tested in accordance with Appendix F, and followed by
an operational test in accordance with Clause 5.2.2, there
shall be no false operation and no damage shall have
occurred. A flashover shall not be a criterion for failure
unless permanent damage has occurred.
5.3.3.3 High frequency disturbance tests. When the
EWIS is tested in accordance with Appendix F, and
followed by an operational test in accordance with
Clause 5.2.2, there shall be no false operation and no
damage shall have occurred.
5.3.4 Durability test.
5.3.4.1 General. When the EWIS is connected in its
fully loaded condition and subjected to a test of 1000
cycles of each input and output function, the equipment
shall respond correctly during the test.
5.3.4.2 Test conditions. Test conditions shall be as
follows:
(a) Where the result of operating a particular facility
may be dependent on the state of other facilities,
then the facility shall be tested for all combinations

of states.
(b) External loads and battery supplies which would be
adversely affected if connected to the EWIS shall
be simulated during the test.
(c) All functions and loads shall be monitored for
correct operation during the test.

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19

AS 2220.1—1989

NOTE: Additional ‘operational tests’ to individual parts of the test series for assessing any failure may be
included at the discretion of the Testing Authority.

FIGURE 5.1 ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE

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AS 2220.1—1989
20

FIGURE 5.2 ENDURANCE TEST PROCEDURES

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21

AS 2220.1—1989

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SECTION 6. DOCUMENTATION
6.1 GENERAL. An operator’s manual shall be
provided with each ECP. Where a technical manual is
required, it shall be requested in the project specification
and may replace the operator’s manual.
6.2 OPERATOR’S MANUAL. The operator’s manual
shall be written in clear, concise English. The manual
shall consist of the following:
(a) Title page (frontispiece) listing the following
information:
(i) Manufacturer’s name, address and telephone
number.
(ii) Product name or model number.
(iii) Volume number if applicable.
(iv) Approval numbers to which the equipment has
been certified.
(v) Manufacturer’s type number.
(vi) Equipment serial number and date of
manufacture.
(vii) List of compatible components, such as—

(A) loud speakers;
(B) visible indicating devices;
(C) emergency alarm devices; and
(D) warden intercom phones.
(b) Table of contents.
(c) Placing into operation. This Section shall contain,
without reference to other sections of the manual,
the following:
(i) Sufficient information to place equipment into
operation, completely aligned and adjusted.
(ii) A check list detailing the chronological order
for checking equipment ready for
commissioning.
This check list shall be used to indicate that
all equipment modules are operating
satisfactorily. A copy of the checklist will be
forwarded with the EWIS for commissioning
purposes.
(d) Instructions to operators. Where applicable, this
Section shall contain, without reference to other
sections of the manual, those instructions needed by
an operator to manipulate the equipment in
performing its intended purpose. In writing these
operator’s instructions, the manufacturer shall pay
due regard to the qualifications and training to be
expected of a normal operator.
6.3 TECHNICAL MANUAL. The technical manual
shall be written in clear, concise English and shall be
easily understandable to a trained technician or mechanic
who is not familiar with the equipment. Semiconductor

terminology and graphic symbols shall be in accordance
with AS 1102.101, and AS 1102.105. The manual shall
consist of the following:
(a) Title page (frontispiece) listing the following
information:
(i) Manufacturer’s name, address and telephone
number.

(ii)

Product name or model number.

(iii) Manual volume number if applicable.
(iv) Approval numbers to which the equipment has
been certified.
(v)

Manufacturer’s type number.

(vi) Equipment serial
manufacture.

number

and date

of

(vii) List of compatible components such as—
(A) loud speakers;

(B) visible indicating devices;
(C) emergency alarm devices; and
(D) warden intercom phones.
(b) Table of contents.
(c) Full specification of all relevant
parameters associated with the EWIS.

operating

(d) Technical description. This Section shall contain a
fully detailed technical description of each unit or
function, including any mathematical or analytical
treatment necessary for an understanding of the
operation of the equipment. Performance data for
each individual unit or function described shall be
included in a block preceding the text. Where
diagrams or illustrations are included to illustrate or
simplify a particular explanation, these shall be
printed on the same page as, or that facing, the
written work, or shall be throw-out pages at the end
of the manual (see Item (i)). The power
requirements such as voltage, current or frequencies
shall also be included where necessary.
(e) Alignment and adjustment. This Section shall
contain tests and adjustments associated with the
initial application of power, including those
associated with equipment protection. Step-by-step
alignment and adjustment instructions shall be
provided to achieve the specified performance.
Alignment instructions are required for individual

sections of equipment, as well as instructions
dealing with the overall alignment of all sections
when operating together. Test figures or waveforms
shall be quoted at the point in the text where the
relevant alignment or adjustment is described.
(f) Placing into operation. This Section shall contain,
without reference to other sections of the manual,
the following:

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(i)

Sufficient information to place equipment into
operation, completely aligned and adjusted.

(ii)

A check list detailing the chronological order
for checking equipment ready for
commissioning.
This check list shall be used to indicate that
all equipment modules are operating
satisfactorily. A copy of the check list will be
forwarded with the EWIS for commissioning
purposes.


AS 2220.1—1989

22

(iv) Maker’s name and designation.
(i) Illustrations and diagrams. Sufficient illustrations
and diagrams for installation, operation, and
maintenance of the equipment shall be included in
the manual. Diagrams shall be in accordance with
AS 1102.101 and AS 1102.105. The wiring
diagrams of all plugs and sockets shall be shown
from the working side and shall include pin
numbers, in accordance with the standard system
used for the particular connector, on both plugs and
sockets. The method of identifying transistor
electrodes shall also be indicated. All diagrams shall
be throw-clear type.
(j) Provisions for listing all equipment installed with
the number and type of each facility and actuating
device fitted.
6.4 LOGBOOK. A logbook shall be supplied with the
equipment in the form specified in AS 2220.2.

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(g) Instructions to operators. Where applicable, this
Section shall contain without reference to other
sections of the manual, those instructions needed by
an operator to manipulate the equipment in
performing its intended purpose. In writing these
operator’s instructions, the manufacturer shall pay
due regard to the qualifications and training to be

expected of a normal operator.
(h) Schedule of components. A complete schedule of
components shall be provided, showing the
following information in the order given:
(i) Circuit reference number.
(ii) Component description including type of
component.
(iii) Electrical value, ratings and tolerances
(semiconductor device ratings shall be in
accordance with the appropriate parts of
AS 2547).

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