Mô phỏng các bước tính toán chi tiết cơ khí bằng phần mềm Matlab

BẢNG PHỤ LỤC
BẢNG PHỤ LỤC 1
A. Mô phỏng các bước tính toán bằng phần mềm
1. Phần tính toán Thanh truyền sử dụng Matlap.
%%CHUONG TRINH MATLAP TINH TOAN THANH TRUYEN
%%CAC BUOC THUC HIEN
disp('Nhap thong so cho truoc')
n=input('n=')
Dxl=input('Duong kinh xylanh (m): Dxl=')
S=input('Hanh trinh piston (m): S=')
epsilon=input('epsilon=')
l=input('Chieu dai thanh truyen (m): l=')
mtt=input('Khoi luong thanh truyen (kg): mtt=')
Mnp=input('Khoi luong nhom piston (kg): Mnp=')
pa=input('pa=')
disp('Nhap thong so tinh toan')
Dpt=Dxl
dcp=input('duong kinh chot dcp=')
db=input('duong kinh be chot db=')
d0=input('duong kinh lo tren chot d0=')
denta=input('chieu dai bac lot denta=')
dentaphay=input('Khe ho huong kinh bac lot va chot piston dentaphay=')
ld1=input('ld1=')
dch=input('dch=')
denta1phay=input('denta1phay=')
denta2phay=input('denta2phay=')
denta3phay=input('denta3phay=')
D1=dch+2*(denta1phay+denta2phay+denta3phay)
D2=input('D2=')
dD=input('dD=')
disp('Khoi luong nhom thanh truyen')

m1=input('m1=')
m2=input('m2=')
if dcp<0.3*Dpt | dcp>0.45*Dpt
disp('duong kinh chot sai roi')
return
elseif db<1.3*dcp | db>1.6*dcp
disp('duong kinh be chot sai roi')
return
elseif d0<0.6*dcp | d0>0.8*dcp
disp('duong kinh lo tren chot sai roi')
return
elseif denta<0.08*dcp | denta>0.085*dcp
disp('chieu dai bac lot sai roi')
return
elseif dentaphay<0.0001*dcp | dentaphay>0.00015*dcp
disp('Khe ho huong kinh bac lot va chot piston sai roi')
return
elseif dD<0.45*dch | dD>0.85*dch
disp('chieu dai dau to sai roi')
return
elseif m1<0.275*mtt | dcp>0.35*mtt
disp('khoi luong thanh truyen quy dan ve dau nho sai roi')
return
elseif m2<0.275*mtt | dcp>0.35*mtt
disp('khoi luong thanh truyen quy dan ve dau to sai roi')
return

1

end
r1=(dcp/2)+denta+dentaphay
r2=input('r2=')
if r2/r1<1.5
disp('dau nho la loai mong')
else
disp('dau nho la loai day')
end
disp(' Tinh toan kiem nghiem ben')
disp(' Tinh suc ben dau nho thanh truyen')
disp(' Tinh suc ben dau nho khi chiu keo')
disp('coi dau nho la mot dam cong duoc ngam 2 dau (tiet dien I-i)')
disp('ung voi goc gama la')
ro1=input('ban kinh goc luon noi dau nho voi than ro1=')
H=2*r1
gama=90+acos((H/2+ro1)/(r2+ro1))
disp('do tinh chat doi xung cua ngam nen khi tinh toan, ta cat bo mot nua
va thay the bang cac luc phap tuyen va momen uon NA, MA')
R=S/2
lamda=R/l
nN=input('nN=')
w=pi*nN/30
Pj=Mnp*R*w^2*(1+lamda)
ro=(r1+r2)/2
disp('Momen uon la')
MA=Pj*ro*(0.00033*gama-0.0297)
disp('Luc keo la')
NA=Pj*(0.572-0.0008*gama)
disp('luc tac dung tren dam cong co ban kinh cong bang ban kinh trung binh
cua dau nho la luc phan bo co gia tri')

q=Pj/(2*ro)
disp('xac dinh cac dai luong momen uon va luc keo tai tiet dien bat ki cua
dam cong')
disp('dam cong bao gom hai cung ung voi goc gamax nho hon hoac bang 90 do
va lon hon 90 do')
gamax=input('gamax=')
if gamax<=90
disp('momen uon la')
Mj=MA+NA*ro*(1-cos(gamax))-0.5*Pj*(1-cos(gamax))
disp('luc keo la')
Nj=NA*cos(gamax)+0.5*Pj*(1-cos(gamax))
else
disp('momen uon la')
Mj=MA+NA*ro*(1-cos(gamax))-0.5*Pj*(sin(gamax)-cos(gamax))
disp('luc keo')
Nj=NA*cos(gamax)+0.5*Pj*(sin(gamax)-cos(gamax))
end
disp('Do co ep bac lot dau nho nen co su bien dang dong thoi cua dau truc
va bac lot')
disp('trong do dau nho bien dang keo, con bac lot chiu bien dang nen')
disp('Do vay phan cua luc keo do dac trung bang he so xima')
disp('He so xima phu thuoc vao do cung cua ca chi tiet moi ghep(bac lot va
dau nho)va duoc xac dinh nhu sau')
Ed=2.2*10^3
En=Ed
Eb=1.15*10^3
d1=2*r1
d2=2*r2
Fd=ld1*(d2-d1)
Fb=ld1*(d1-dcp)

xima=(Ed*Fd)/((Ed*Fd)+(Eb*Fb))
disp('Ung suat tren dau nho trong truong hop co bac lot la')

2


s=r2-r1
onj=((2*Mj*(6*ro+s))/(s*(2*ro-s))+xima*Nj)*1/(ld1*s)
disp('Tren mat trong')
otj=((-2*Mj*(6*ro-s))/(s*(2*ro-s))+xima*Nj)*1/(ld1*s)
disp('b, tinh suc ben dau nho khi chiu nen')
disp('Luc nen tac dung len dau nho thanh truyen la hop luc cua luc khi the
va luc quan tinh cua khoi luong piston')
Fp=pi*Dpt/4
pz=input('Pz=')
Pkt=pz*Fp
Pxichma=Pkt*Fp+Mnp*R*w^2*(1+lamda)
disp('Theo Kinaxotsvili, luc Pxichma gay ra phan bo deu tren dau nho theo
quy luat duong cong cosinuyt')
disp('q=(2*Pxichma*cos(anpha)/(pi*ro)')
disp('tra he so a=NA/Pxichma va a1=MA/(Pxichma*ro) theo bang trang 202 sach
ket cau va tinh toan dong co dot trong DHBK voi goc gama tuong ung')
a=input('a=')
a1=input('a1=')
NA=a*Pxichma
MA=a1*Pxichma*ro
disp('Momen uon va luc phap tuyen tren cung AB ung voi gamax <= 90')
gamax=input('gamax=')
Mz1=MA*NA*ro*(1-cos(gamax))
Nz1=NA*cos(gamax)

disp('Momen uon va luc phap tuyen tren cung BC ung voi gamax >= 90')
gamax=input('Nhap gamax tinh theo radian, gamax=')
Mz2=MA+NA*ro*(1-cos(gamax))-Pxichma*ro*(sin(gamax)/2-gamax*sin(gamax)/picos(gamax)/pi)
Nz2=NA*cos(gamax)-Pxichma*ro*(sin(gamax)/2-gamax*sin(gamax)/picos(gamax)/pi)
disp('Nhu da phan tich o tren, do lap ghep cang bac lot tren dau nho, nen
luc phap tuyen tac dung tren dau nho ma khong phai toan bo Nz chi la mot
phan cua Nz tuc la xima*Nz')
disp('Ung suat tong gay ra trong dau nho khi chiu nen la')
disp('Tren mat ngoai')
onz1=(2*Mz1*(6*ro+s)/(s*(2*ro+s))+xima*Nz1)/(ld1*S)
onz2=(2*Mz2*(6*ro+s)/(s*(2*ro+s))+xima*Nz2)/(ld1*S)
otz1=(-2*Mz1*(6*ro-s)/(s*(2*ro-s))+xima*Nz1)/(ld1*S)
otz2=(-2*Mz2*(6*ro-s)/(s*(2*ro-s))+xima*Nz2)/(ld1*S)
disp('c. Ung suat bien dang')
t=input('t=')
while t<=100 | t>=140
disp('Ban nhap sai roi')
t=input('Nhap t o khoang(100 den 140) t=')
end
anphab=1.8*10^(-5)
anphatt=1.10^(-5)
disp('Do bien dang cua dau nho khi chiu nhiet do la')
dentat=(anphab-anphatt)*t*d1
disp('Ap suat tren mat cong cua dau nho thanh truyen khi lap ghep bac dau
nho co do doi la denta')
db=input('db=')
nuy=0.3
P=(denta+dentat)/(d1*(((d2^2+d1^2)/(d2^2-d1^2)+nuy)/En)+((d2^2+db^2)/(d2^2db^2)-nuy)/Eb)
disp('ung suat bien dang theo cong thuc Lame')
disp('ung suat ben ngoai mat dau nho')

ondenta=P*(2*d1^2)/(d2^2-d1^2)
disp('ung suat tren mat trong')
otdenta=P*(d2^2+d1^2)/(d2^2-d1^2)
disp('d. he so an toan cua dau nho thanh truyen')
disp('tinh toan cho tiet dien nguy hiem va tren mat ngoai')
onz=onz2*1
omax=onj+onz

3


omin=ondenta+onz
oa=(omax-omin)/2
om=(omax+omin)/2
disp('tra bang 1-3 trang 31, sach chi tiet may T1-Nguyen trong Hiep')
otru1=200
o0=460
phio=(2*otru1-o0)/o0
nuyo=otru1/(oa+phio*om)
if nuyo>=2.5&nuyo<=5
disp('He so an toan nam trong khoang cho phep')
else
disp('Phai tinh toan lai')
end
disp('e. Do bien dang cua dau nho thanh truyen')
J=(ld1*s^3)/12
dtb=(d1+d2)/2
E=2.2*10^5
o=(Pj*dtb^3*(gamax-90)^2)/(10^3*E*J)
if o<0.03

disp('thoa man dieu kien')
else
disp('Can tinh toan lai')
end
disp(' Tinh suc ben than thanh truyen')
disp('a. Tinh tiet dien nho nhat(tiet dien I-I)')
H1=d1
H2=d2
H=(H1+H2)/2
B=0.75*H
b1=2*0.292*H1
b2=2.0292*H2
h1=0.668*H1
h2=0.668*H2
B1=0.75*H1
B2=0.75*H2
b=(b1+b2)/2
h=(h1+h2)/2
Fmin=H1*B1-h1*b1/2
on=Pxichma/Fmin
disp('ung suat keo do luc quan tinh cua nhom piston va khoi luong dau nho
thanh truyen duoc xac dinh')
Pjd=(Mnp+m1)*R*w^2*(1+lamda)
ok=Pjd/Fmin
disp('he so an toan o tiet dien nho nhat')
nuyomin=2*otru1/((on-ok)+phio*(on+ok))
if nuyomin>=2
disp('He so an toan dam bao dieu kien')
else
disp('He so anh toan khong dam bao dieu kien')

end
disp('b. Tinh o tiet dien trung binh (tiet dien II-II)')
disp('ung suat keo')
Mtb=input('Mtb=')
Pjtb=(Mnp+Mtb)*R*w^2*(1+lamda)
Fmax=H2*B2-h2*b2/2
Ftb=(Fmax+Fmin)/2
ok=Pjtb/Ftb
disp('ung suat nen va uon doc do luc tong Pxichma cua luc khi the va luc
quan tinh chuyen dong tinh tien')
disp('duoc xac dinh theo cong thuc Nave-Rangkin')
disp('o=Pxichma/Ftb+oy*L0^2*Pxichma/(m*pi^2*E*J)=Pxichma*(1+oy*L0^2/
(m*pi^2*i^2))/Ftb=Pxichma*(1+C*L0^2)/(m*i^2))/Ftb')
Pz=pa
Pxichma=(Mnp+m1)*R*w^2*(1+lamda)+Pz*Fp

4


Jx=(B*H^3-b*h^3)/12
Jy=(H-h)*B^3+h*(B-b)^3
Ix=sqrt(Jx/Ftb)
Iy=sqrt(Jy/Ftb)
l1=l-(D1-d1)/2
C=3*10^4
ox=Pxichma*(1+C*l^2/Ix^2)/Ftb
if 120disp('ung suat uon trong mat phang lac cua thanh truyen tai tien dien
X-X thoa man dieu kien')
else

disp('Khong thoa man dieu kien cho phep')
end
oy=Pxichma*(1+C*l1^2/(4*Iy^2))/Ftb
if 120disp('ung suat uon trong mat phang vuong goc mat phang lac cua thanh
truyen tai tien dien X-X thoa man dieu kien')
else
disp('Khong thoa man dieu kien cho phep')
end
disp('tinh o tiet dien tinh toan')
x=l/sqrt(3)
mt=0.28/l
Mumax=mt*R*w^2*l^2/(9*sqrt(3))
beta=atan(l1/l)
Ptt=Pxichma/cos(beta)
Ftt=Ftb*x/(0.5*l)
Wu=B*H^2/6-b*h^2/6
oxichma=Ptt/Ftt+Mumax/Wu
disp('voi so vong quay dong co khong vuot qua 5300 v/p, ung suat tong nay
khong duoc vuot qua 70 den 80 MN/m^2')
if oxichma<70
disp('ung suat tong thoa man dieu kien cho phep')
else
disp('Khong thoa man dieu kieu cho phep, tinh toan lai')
end
disp('Kiem tra do on dinh khi uon doc')
i=(B-b)/2
Pth=Ftb*(4700-23*l/i)
n=Pth/Pz
if 2.5

disp('He so on dinh doc thoa man dieu kien cho phep')
else
disp('He so on dinh doc khong thoa man. tinh toan lai')
end
disp('Tinh suc ben dau to thanh truyen')
Mtt=Mnp+m1
Pd=Mtt*R*w^2*(1+lamda)+m2*R*w^2
dck=input('duong kinh chot khuyu dck=')
tblm=input('chieu day bac lot mong tblm=')
tbld=input('chieu day bac lot day tbld=')
C=input('Khoang cach tam bulong C=')
ldt=0.1*dck
beta=input('Goc lech so voi duong tam thanh truyen beta=')
gama0=input('gama0=')
ld=input('ld=')
if dck<0.56*Dxl | dck>0.75*Dxl
disp('ban nhap sai roi')
return
elseif tblm<0.03*dck | tblm>0.05*dck
disp('ban nhap sai roi')
return
elseif C<1.3*dck | C>1.75*dck
disp('ban nhap sai roi')

5


return
elseif ldt<0.45*dck | ldt>0.95*dck
disp('ban nhap sai roi')

return
elseif ld<0.45*dck | ld>0.85*dck
disp('ban nhap sai roi')
return
end
P=4*Pd*cos(beta)/(pi*C)
disp('tinh suc ben dau to thanh truyen theo phuong phap cua Kinaxotsvili')
disp('Momen uon va luc phap tuyen thay the tai tiet dien A-A duoc tinh theo
bieu')
MA=Pd*C*(0.0127+0.00083*gama0)/2
NA=Pd*(0.522+0.003*gama0)
Jj=C*(0.0127+0.00083*gama0)/2
Fj=C*(0.522+0.003*gama0)
s=(D2-D1)/2
Jd=s*ld^2/12
obt=(D1-dch)/2
Jb=obt*ldt^2/12
Wu=s*ld^2/2
Fd=s*ld
Fb=obt*ld
M=MA*Jj/(Jd+Jb)
N=NA*Fj/(Fd+Fb)
disp('ung suat tong tren nap dau to')
oxichma=Pd*(C*(0.0127+0.00083*gama0)/(2*Wu*(1+Jb/Jd))+(0.522+0.003*gama0)/
(Fd*(1+Fb/Fd)))
if 100disp('ung suat nam trong gioi han cho phep')
else
disp('ung suat khong thoa man, tinh toan lai')
end

disp('do bien dang duong kinh xac dinh theo cong thuc thuc nghiem')
ddai=0.0024*Pd*C^3/(Ed*(Jb+Jd))
if ddai<0.1
disp('thoa man')
else
disp('khong thoa man, tinh toan lai')
end
disp('Tinh suc ben bulong thanh truyen')
z=2
disp('Luc sinh ra do luc tac dung tren dau to khi lam viec')
Pb=Pd/z
disp('luc xiet bulong khi lap ghep')
disp('chon he so kinh nghiem a nam trong khoang 2-4 a=')
a=input('he so kinh nghiem a=')
while a<2 | a>4
disp('ban nhap sai roi')
a=input('a=')
end
Px=a*Pb
disp('luc tac dung len bulong thanh truyen')
disp('he so bien dang thanh truyen nam trong khoang 0,15-0,3')
x1=input('chon he so bien dang x1=')
while x1<0.15 | x1>0.3
disp('ban chon sai roi')
x1=input('he so bien dang x1=')
end
Pb1=Px+x*Pb
disp('ung suat keo cua bulong khi lam viec')
okbl=4*Pb1/(pi*d0^2)
disp('ung suat xoan cua bulong sinh ra do luc xiet')

nuy=0.1

6


dtb=input('xac dinh theo bulong thanh truyen da chon dtb=')
Mx=nuy*Px*dtb/2
Wx=0.2*d0
tetax=Mx/Wx
disp('ung suat tong')
oxichma=sqrt(okbl^2+4*tetax^2)
if oxichma<180
disp('Ung suat cho phep thoa man')
else
disp('ung suat khong thoa man dieu kien')

end

2. Phần tính toán Trục Khuỷu sử dụng Matlap.
%%CHUONG TRINH MATLAP TINH TOAN TRUC KHUYU
%%CAC BUOC THUC HIEN
disp('chuong trinh tinh toan truc khuyu cua loai dong co xang khong tang
ap kieu dong co mot hang')
disp('Nhap thong so dau vao')
Nemax=input('cong suat dong co Nemax=')
n=input('toc do dong co n=')
Dxl=input('Duong kinh xilanh (don vi la m) Dxl=')
s=input('Hanh trinh piston (don vi la m) s=')
l=input('Chieu dai thanh truyen (don vi la m)l=')
mnp=input('Khoi luong nhom piston (don vi la kg) mnp=')

mtt=input('Khoi luong nhom thanh truyen (don vi la kg) mtt=')
pkt=input('Ap suat khi the (don vi la MN) pkt=')
disp('Nhap thong so chon')
dct=input('Duong kinh co truc khuyu (m) dct=')
lct=input('Chieu dai co truc khuyu(m) lct=')
dch=input('Duong kinh chot khuyu(m) dch=')
lch=input('Chieu dai chot khuyu(m) lch=')
h=input('chieu rong ma khuyu(m) h=')
b=input('do day ma khuyu(m) b=')
r=input('Ban kinh goc luon(m) r=')
disp('do trung diep la')
R=s/2
epsilon=(dch+dct)/2-R
disp('Kiem tra thong so chon')
if dct<0.65*Dxl | dct>0.8*Dxl
disp('Ban chon duong kinh co truc khuyu sai roi')
return
elseif lct<0.5*dct | lct>0.6*dct
disp('Ban chon chieu dai co truc khuyu sai roi')
return
elseif dch<0.6*Dxl | dch>0.7*Dxl
disp('Ban chon duong kinh chot khuyu sai roi')
return
elseif lch<0.45*dch | lch>0.6*dch
disp('Ban chon chieu dai chot khuyu sai roi')
return
elseif h<Dxl | h>1.25*Dxl
disp('Ban chon chieu rong ma khuyu sai roi')
return
elseif b<0.2*Dxl | b>0.22*Dxl

disp('Ban chon be rong ma khuyu sai roi')
return
elseif r<0.06*dch | r>0.08*dch
return
end
disp('Kiem nghiem ben truc khuyu trong truong hop khoi dong (Pzmax)')
disp('Tinh toan truong hop khoi dong la tinh toan gan dung voi gia thiet
truc khuyu o vi tri (DCT) voi anpha=o')

7


disp('Do so vong quay cua dong co khi khoi dong nho nen ta co the bo qua
anh huong cuar luc quan tinh')
disp('Do vay luc nay luc tac dung chi con lai luc do ap suat khi ther lon
nhat trong xilanh Pzmax')
disp('khoang cach tu tam ma khuyu den tam chot khuyu')
a=(b+lch)/2
c=0.01811
cphay=c
disp('Ta co van toc goc cua truc khuyu w=')
w=pi*n/30
disp('Khoang cach tu tam co truc den tam chot ben trai va ben phai')
bphay=(lct+b)/2
bphayphay=bphay
disp('Khoang cach tu tam co truc den tam ma khuyu ben trai va ben phai')
lphay=(lct+lch)/2+2*b
lphayphay=lphay
disp('Khoang cach giua hai tam co truc lien nhau')
l0=lct+lch+2*b

disp('luc tac dung len khuyu')
Pzmax=pkt
Z=Pzmax*pi*Dxl^2/4
disp('Cac phan luc la')
Zphay=Z*lphay/l0
Zphayphay=Z*lphayphay/l0
disp('a, tinh suc ben cua chot khuyu')
disp('Momen uon chot khuyu la')
Mu=Zphay*lphay
disp('Modun chong uon cua tiet dien ngang cua chot khuyu(chot dac) ')
Wu=0.1*dch^3
disp('ung suat uon chot khuyu la')
ou=Mu/Wu
disp('b, tinh suc ben cho ma khuyu')
disp('ung suat uon ma khuyu la')
ou=6*Zphay*bphay/(h*b^2)
disp('ung suat nen ma khuyu la')
on=Z/(2*b*h)
disp('ung suat tong tac dung len ma khuyu la')
oxichma=ou+on
disp('c, tinh suc ben cho co truc khuyu')
disp('ung suat uon co truc khuyu')
ou=Zphay*bphay/Wu
disp('truong hop truc khuyu chiu luc Zmax')
m1=input('Khoi luong thanh truyen quy ve dau nho m1=')
while m1<0.275*mtt | m1>0.35*mtt
disp('ban nhap sai roi')
m1=input('m1=')
end
M=m1+mnp

disp('Xay dung do thi T,Z theo anpha')
anpha=[0:pi/18:4*pi]
lamda=0.27
beta=asin(lamda.*sin(anpha))
disp('Luc quan tinh cua khoi luong chuyen dong tinh tien')
Pj=M*R*w^2.*(cos(anpha)-lamda.*cos(2*anpha))
Pxichma=pkt+Pj
figure(1)
T=Pxichma.*sin(anpha+beta)./cos(beta)
Z=Pxichma.*cos(anpha+beta)./cos(beta)
plot(anpha,T,'r',anpha,Z,'g'),xlabel('anpha'),ylabel('T,Z')
title('DO THI T, Z')
grid on
hold on
disp('Tinh toan kiem nghiem ben')

8


disp('Luc tac dung len truc khuyu luc nay la Zmax va vi tri truc khuyu la
o anpha=0')
disp('Luc quan tinh ly tam cua chot khuyu')
ro=7.85
w=pi*n/30
disp('Khoi luong cua chot khuyu')
mch=ro*(pi*dch^2*lch)/4
disp('Luc quan tinh ly tam cua chot khuyu')
disp('Ta co van toc goc cua truc khuyu w=')
w=pi*n/30
C1=mch*R*w^2

disp('Luc quan tinh ly tam cua khoi luong thanh truyen quy ve tam chot
khuyu ')
C2=0.7*mtt*R*w^2
lamda=0.27
disp('Luc tac dung(khi co xet den anh huong cua luc quan tinh) Zmax')
Zmax=Pzmax-M*R*w^2*(1+lamda)
Z0=Zmax-(C1+C2)
disp('luc quan tinh ly tam cua ma khuyu')
mmk=b*h*l*ro
rmk=b/2
Pr1=mmk*rmk*w^2
disp('luc quan tinh ly tam cua doi trong Pr2 la')
mdt=M
rdt=(dch+dct)/2-epsilon
Pr2=mdt*rdt*w^2
disp('Do khuyu doi xung nen')
Zphay=Z0/2-Pr1+Pr2
Zphay=Zphayphay
disp('+ tinh suc ben cua chot khuyu')
disp('ung suat uon cua chot khuyu')
ouck=(Zphay*lphay+Pr1*a-Pr2*cphay)/(0.1*dch^3)
Wk=2*Wu
Mphayk=0.0315744
tetak=Mphayk/Wk
disp('Ung suat tong cong cua ung suat uon va ung suat xoan la')
oxichma=sqrt(ouck^2+(4*tetak^2))
disp('Tinh suc ben cua co truc khuyu')
disp('Ung suat uon cua co truc khuyu')
ou=Zphay*bphay/(0.1*dct^3)
disp('Ung suat xoan cua co truc')

Wk=pi*dct^3/16
tetak=Mphayk/Wk
disp('Ung suat tong cong khi chiu uon va chiu xoan')
oxichma=sqrt(ou^2+4*tetak^2)
disp('Tinh suc ben cua ma khuyu')
disp('Trong qua trinh lam viec ma khuyu chiu nen va uon theo truc x-x')
disp('Ung suat nen cua ma khuyu')
on=(Zphay-Pr2)/(b*h)
disp('Ung suat uon trong mat phang khuyu truc(uon quanh truc x-x')
oux=(Zphay*bphay+Pr2*(a-c))/(h*b^2/6)
disp('Ung suat uon trong mat phang thang goc voi mat phang khuyu(uon
quanh truc y-y')
ouy=Mphayk/(b*h^2/6)
disp('Vay')
disp('Ung suat tong cong khi ma chiu nen va chiu uon la')
omk=on+oux+ouy
end.

3. Phần tính toán Phanh sử dụng Matlap.
9


%TINH TOAN THIET KE CO CAU PHANH XE Ma_500
%CAC BUOC THUC HIEN
disp('Nhap cac thong so co ban')
G=input('nhap trong luong toan bo cua xe khi day tai(N): G= ');
G_1=input('nhap trong luong toan bo cua xe phan ra cau truoc(N): G_1= ');
G_2=input('nhap trong luong toan bo cua xe phan ra cau sau(N): G_2= ');
g=input('nhap gia tri gia toc trong truong (m/s^2):g= ');
lamda=input('nhap he so bien dang cua lop :lamda= ');

L=input('nhap chieu dai co so cua xe (m): L= ');
hg=input('nhap gia tri do cao trong tam cua xe(m): hg= ');
j_max=input('nhap gia toc cham dan cuc dai cua oto khi phanh(m/s^2):
j_max= ');
phi=input('nhap gia tri he so bam cua lop voi mat duong phi= ');
B_bx=input('nhap be rong cua lop banh xe(m):B_bx= ');
d_bx=input('nhap duong kinh cua vanh banh xe(m):d_bx= ');
r_t=input('nhap ban kinh tang trong(m):r_t= ');
disp('1.Xac dinh mo men sinh ra o cac co cau phanh ')
disp(' Ban kinh banh xe theo thiet ke la (m)')
r_0=B_bx+(d_bx/2)
disp('Ban kinh lan banh xe la (m)')
r_bx=r_0*lamda
disp(' Khoang cach tu trong tam den cau sau la(m) ')
b=(G_1*L)/G
disp(' Khoang cach tu trong tam den cau sau la (m)')
a=L-b
disp('Mo men phanh sinh ra o cau truoc ')
M_pt=((G*b*phi*r_bx)/(2*L))*(1+(j_max*hg)/(g*b))
disp('Mo men phanh sinh ra o cau sau ')
M_ps=((G*a*phi*r_bx)/(2*L))*(1-(j_max*hg)/(g*a))
disp('2. Xac dinh diem dat luc')
beta_0t=input('nhap goc om tam ma sat cua co cau phanh
truoc(rad):beta_0t= ');
beta_1t=input('nhap goc bo tri tam ma sat cua co cau phanh
truoc(rad):beta_1t= ');
beta_0s=input('nhap goc om tam ma sat cua co cau phanh sau(rad):beta_0s=
');
beta_1s=input('nhap goc bo tri tam ma sat cua co cau phanh
sau(rad):beta_1s= ');

muy=input('nhap gia tri he so ma sat giua ma phanh va tang trong muy= ');
beta_2t=beta_1t+beta_0t;
beta_2s=beta_1s+beta_0s;
disp('Goc dat luc o co cau phanh truoc la(rad)')
tandenta_t=((cos(2*beta_1t)-cos(2*beta_2t))/(2*beta_0t-sin(2*beta_1t)sin(2*beta_2t)))
disp('vay')
denta_t=atan(tandenta_t)
disp('Ban kinh xac dinh diem dat luc tong hop o co cau phanh truoc
la(m)')
ro_t=(2*r_t*(cos(beta_1t)cos(beta_2t)))/sqrt(beta_0t^2+sin(beta_0t)*sin(beta_0t)2*beta_0t*cos(beta_1t+beta_0t)*sin(beta_0t))
disp('Ban kinh dat luc tong hop co cau phanh truoc la(m)')
r_tht=(ro_t*muy)/(sqrt(1+muy))
disp('Goc dat luc o co cau phanh sau la(rad)')
tandenta_s=((cos(2*beta_1s)-cos(2*beta_2s))/(2*beta_0s-sin(2*beta_1s)sin(2*beta_2s)))
disp('vay')
denta_s=atan(tandenta_s)
disp('Ban kinh xac dinh diem dat luc tong hop o co cau phanh sau la(m)')
ro_s=(2*r_t*(cos(beta_1s)cos(beta_2s)))/sqrt(beta_0s^2+sin(beta_0s)*sin(beta_0s)2*beta_0s*cos(beta_1s+beta_0s)*sin(beta_0s))

10


disp('Ban kinh dat luc tong hop co cau phanh sau la(m)')
r_ths=(ro_s*muy)/sqrt(1+muy)
disp('3. Xac dinh luc can thiet tac dung len guoc phanh')
disp('Do su dung phuong phap hoa do luc . Nen ta dua vao ket qua tinh
toan o ngoai ta duoc ket qua ')
% Luc N1 la luc huong tam ,luc T1 la luc tiep tuyen , luc R1 la luc tong
% hop cua N1 va T1.Luc R1 tao voi N1 goc phi1
% cac luc tac dung len guoc phanh la: luc P do cam quay sinh ra, luc R

phan
% luc cua trong tac dung len ma phanh , luc U phan luc tu chot phanh tac
% dung len guoc phanh
disp('co cau phanh truoc ');
R_1t=input('nhap gia tri R_1t=');
P_1t=input('nhap gia tri P_1t=');
U_1t=input('nhap gia tri U_1t=');
R_2t=input('nhap gia tri R_2t=');
P_2t=input('nhap gia tri P_2t=');
U_2t=input('nhap gia tri U_2t=');
disp('co cau phanh sau ');
R_1s=input('nhap gia tri R_1s=');
P_1s=input('nhap gia tri P_1s=');
U_1s=input('nhap gia tri U_1s=');
R_2s=input('nhap gia tri R_2s=');
P_2s=input('nhap gia tri P_2s=');
U_2s=input('nhap gia tri U_2s=');
disp('4. xac dinh kich thuoc guoc phanh ')
% a guoc phanh
V_0=input('nhap gia tri van toc cua oto khi bat dau phanh(km/h): V_0=');
%dien tich toan bo cua cac ma phanh o tat ca cac co cau phanh oto
m=input('nhap so luong ma phanh m= ');
b_mp=input('nhap chieu rong ma phanh(cm)= ');
xicma_tongF=2*(beta_0t*r_t*b_mp)+2*(beta_0s*r_t*b_mp)
('cong ma sat rieng la (J/cm2)')
L=(G*V_0^2)/(2*g*xicma_tongF)
N_1=('khong thoa man cong cho phep nhap them so luong ma phanh ');
D_l=('thoa man cong ma sat rieng cho phep ');
if L>=10000000
N_1

else
D_l
end
disp(' 5. Ap suat tren be mat ma sat ')
disp('ap suat tren ma phanh la (MN/m2):')
q=M_pt*180/(muy*b_mp*r_t^2*beta_0s*pi)
N_q=('khong thoa man ap suat tren be mat ma phanh ');
D_q=('thoa man ap suat tren be mat ma phanh ');
if q>=2*10^8
N_q
else
D_q
end
disp('6. Tinh toan nhiet phat ra khi phanh')
disp(' do day tang trong va de tang trong(cm)')
denta=1.2
denta_d=1.5
b_tt=input('nhap chieu rong tang trong(cm) = ');
v1=input('nhap toc do ban dau khi phanh(m/s)=');
v2=input('nhap toc do cuoi khi phanh(m/s)=');
disp('the tich vat lieu lam tang trong (cm^3)')
V_t=2*pi*(r_t+0.6)*b_tt*denta+pi*denta_d
disp(' khoi luong rieng cua vat lieu lam tang trong(g/cm^3)')

11


gama=7
disp(' nhiet dung cua vat lieu lam tang trong (gang)la(J/(kg*do))')
c=500

G_bt=input('Nhap trong luong ban than cua xe = ')
disp('khoi luong cac trong phanh m_t(kg)')
m_t=4*gama*V_t/1000
disp('su tang nhiet do trong phanh la:')
t_0=G_bt*((v1/3.6)^2-(v2/3.6)^2)/(2*g*m_t*c)
N_t0=('khong thoa man nhiet do khi phanh');
D_t0=('thoa man nhiet do khi phanh');
if t_0>=15
N_t0
else
D_t0
end
disp('7 Tinh ben trong phanh ')
disp(' ban kinh trong va ngoai cua trong phanh(cm)')
a_t=21
b_t=22.5
r_t=input('Nhap ban kinh tang trong(cm)=');
q=M_ps/(muy*b_mp*10^2*r_t*beta_0t)
disp('khoang cach tu tam den diem can tinh khi ung suat huong tam va ung
suat tep tuyen cuc dai la')
r=a_t
disp('ung suat huong tam tac dung len trong phanh (kg/cm2)')
xicma_n=q*a_t^2*(1-b_t^2/r^2)/((b_t^2-a_t^2)*(10^2))
disp('ung suat tiep tuyen tac dung len trong phanh (kg/cm2)')
xicma_t=q*a_t^2*(1+b_t^2/r^2)/((b_t^2-a_t^2)*(10^2))
disp('ung suat tong hop tac dung len trong phanh co them he so an toan
1.5 (kg/cm2)')
xicma_tong=1.5*sqrt(xicma_n^2+xicma_t^2)
N_x=('khong thoa ung suat cua trong phanh ');
D_x=('thoa man ung suat cua trong phanh ');

if xicma_tong>=3800
N_x
else
D_x
end
disp('8. tinh ben chot phanh ')
disp('ung suat cat')
d_c=input('Nhap duong kinh chot phanh(cm)= ');
l=input('Nhap chieu dai tiep xuc cua chot voi guoc phanh=');
to_c=4*U_1s/((pi*d_c*d_c)*10)
disp('ung suat chen dap')
xicma_c=U_1s/((l*d_c)*10)
N_c=('khong thoa ung suat cua chot phanh .Can tang duong kinh chot phanh
');
D_c=('thoa man ung suat cua chot phanh ');
if to_c>=4000|xicma_c>=8000
N_c
else
D_c
end
disp(' 9 tinh ben loxo hoi vi')
disp(' so vong loxo lam viec (vong)la chon:')
n_0=20
disp(' mo dun dan hoi dich chuyen cua loxo (MN/m2)la ')
G_lx=8*10^4
d_lx=input('nhap duong kinh day loxo (mm)d_lx=');
disp('duong kinh vong loxo (mm) chon ')
D=4*d_lx
disp(' do cung cua loxo la :')

12


C=(d_lx^4*G_lx)/(8*D^3*n_0)
disp('luc tac dung len lo xo ')
P_lx=P_1s+P_2s
disp(' he so tap trung ung suat')
K=1.37;
disp(' ung suat tiep ')
to=(8*P_lx*D*K)/(pi*d_lx)
xicma_b=1500
disp(' ung suat tiep cho phep')
to_max=0.3*xicma_b*10^6
N_lx=('khong thoa ung suat cua loxo .Can tang duong kinh loxo ');
D_lx=('thoa man ung suat cua loxo ');
if to>=to_max
N_lx
else
D_lx
end
disp('buoc cua loxo')
t=0.2*D
disp(' so vong toan bo cua loxo la')
n=n_0+1
disp('10. tinh ben guoc phanh')
a_gp=input('Nhap chieu dai phan tren chu T(m):=');
b_gp=input('Nhap chieu rong phan tren chu T(m):=');
c_gp=input('Nhap chieu rong phan duoi chu T(m):=');
d_gp=input('Nhap chieu dai phan duoi chu (m): =');
disp(' kich thuoc che tao guoc phanh (m): ')

Y_2=d_gp/2+b_gp/2
disp('dien tich phan tren chu T:')
F_t=a_gp*b_gp
disp('dien tich phan duoi chu T:')
F_d=c_gp*d_gp
disp(' khoang cach tu tam phan tren chu T den trong tam cua guoc phanh')
Y_c1=(Y_2*F_t)/(F_t+F_d)
disp(' khoang cach tu tam phan duoi chu T den trong tam cua guoc phanh')
Y_c2=Y_2-Y_c1
R1=input('ban kinh tam cua banh xe den dinh chu T(m)= ');
disp('ban kinh trong tam cua phan dien tich tren ,tinh den tam tang
trong')
R_1=R1-b_gp/2
R2=input('ban kinh tam cua banh xe den day phan tren chu T (m)= ');
disp('ban kinh trong tam cua phan dien tich duoi ,tinh den tam tang
trong')
R_2=R2-d_gp/2
disp(' ban kinh duong trung hoa')
R_th=(F_t+F_d)/(F_t/R_1+F_d/R_2)
disp('kich thuoc tu tam banh xe den trong tam cua guoc phanh la:')
R_g=R_2+Y_c2
disp('11 .kiem tra ben guoc phanh')
% ta dat cac luc nay vao guoc truoc cua co cau phanh sau , o tai diemdat
% luc tong hop R1 , ta phan ra hai thanh phan luc huong kinh N1 , va luc
% tiep tuyen T1 , o tai chot quay cua guoc phanh tacung phan luc tong hop
% U1 ra hai thanh phan U1x va U1y . sau do guoc phanh nay o tai luc R1 ta
% cat huong kinh U1y va luc U1x ,sau do guoc phanh nay o tai luc R1 ta
cat
% ra thanh hai thayvao mat cat do luc huong tam Nz1 va Qy1 va Mu1 . O nua
% duoi la Nz2, Qy2 va Mu2 nguoc voi cac thanh phan luc va momen cua phan

% tren
%dua vao tham khao xe ta co
phi=25*pi/180;
gama=64*pi/180;
disp('xet su can bang tren ta co Nz1=-P*cos(phi+gama);Qy1=-

13


P*sin(phi+gama);Mu1=-P*(a-r_t*cos(phi+gama))')
disp('Xet nua tren guoc phanh ')
disp('trong do beta_0+anpha_0+denta=pi/2)')
disp('xet su can bang tai diem A: gama=0')
Qy1=-P_1s*cos(phi)
Nz1=-P_1s*sin(phi)
Mu1=0
disp('xet su can bang tai diem B: ')
Nz1=-P_1s*cos(phi+gama)
Qy1=-P_1s*sin(phi+gama)
Mu1=-P_1s*(a_gp-r_t*cos(phi+gama))
disp('dau am chi chieu cua luc nguoc chieu gia thiet')
disp('Xet su can bang cho nua duoi guoc phanh ')
disp('xet tai diem B')
%dua vao xe tham khao ta chon
beta=80*pi/180
disp('khoang cach tu tam den chot quay')
c_gp=0.17
U1x=U_1s*sin(75*pi/180)
U1y=U_1s*cos(75*pi/180)
Nz2=-U1y*cos(beta)-U1x*sin(beta)

Qy2=U1y*sin(beta)-U1x*cos(beta)
Mu2=U1y*c_gp*(1-sin(beta))-U1x*c_gp*cos(beta)
disp('xet su can bang tai diem C :beta_0=0')
%dua vao xe tham khao ta chon
beta=0
Nz2=-U1x*cos(beta)-U1y*sin(beta)
Qy2=U1y*sin(beta)-U1x*cos(beta)
Mu2=0
disp('Ung suat do Qy2 va Mu1 gay ra duoc tinh theo cong thuc :xicma=Qy2/F
+ Mu1/F*(1-R_th/Ri)')
disp('F la dien tich cua tiet dien tinh toan')
disp('Rth la ban kinh duong trung hoa')
disp('Ri la ban kinh tai diem dang xet')
disp('Ung suat tai diem A co ')
F=0.002
Ri=0.2
Rth=R_th
Mu=0
xicma_a=Qy2/F + Mu/F*(1-R_th/Ri)
disp('Ung suat tai diem B co ')
F=0.002
Ri=0.18
Rth=R_th
Mu=U1y*c_gp*(1-sin(beta))-U1x*c_gp*cos(beta)
xicma_b=Qy2/F + Mu/F*(1-R_th/Ri)
disp('Ung suat tai diem C co ')
F=0.002
Ri=0.15
Rth=R_th
Mu=0

xichma_c=Qy2/F + Mu/F*(1-R_th/Ri)
disp('ung suat do Nz gay ra la To=(Nx*Sx)/(Jx*b)')
% trong do
disp('Sx mo men tinh phan bi cat doi voi truc quan tinh trung tam')
disp('Jx mo men quan tinh tiet dien dang xet')
disp('Nx luc cat ')
disp('b chieu day phan bi cat')
disp('Ung suat tai diem A ')
disp(' Do Sx=0 nen:')
To_a=0
disp('Ung suat tai diem B ')
Sx=0.24

14


Jx=10^-5
b=0.02
Nx=-U1y*cos(beta)-U1x*sin(beta)
To_b=(Nx*Sx)/(Jx*b)
disp('Ung suat tai diem C ')
Sx=44*10^-6
Jx=10^-5
b=0.02
Nx=-U1y*cos(beta)-U1x*sin(beta)
To_c=(Nx*Sx)/(Jx*b)
disp('Ung suat tong hop tai cac diem la :
xicma_th=sqrt((xicma_z)^2+4*To^2)')
disp('Ung suat tai diem A.')
xicma_z=xicma_a

To=To_a
xicma_tha=sqrt((xicma_z)^2+4*To^2)
disp('Ung suat tai diem B.')
xicma_z=xicma_b
To=To_b
xicma_thb=sqrt((xicma_z)^2+4*To^2)
disp('Ung suat tai diem C.')
xicma_z=xicma_c
To=To_c
xicma_thc=sqrt((xicma_z)^2+4*To^2)
N_th=('khong thoa ung suat tong hop .Can tinh lai ');
D_th=('thoa man ung suat tong hop ');
if xicma_tha>=4*10^7|xicma_thb>=4*10^7|xicma_thc>=4*10^7
N_th
else
D_th
end

4.

Phần tính toán Ly hợp sử dụng Matlap.

%TINH TOAN THIET KE CO CAU PHANH XE Ma_500
%CAC BUOC THUC HIEN
disp('Nhap cac thong so co ban')
G=input('nhap trong luong toan bo cua xe khi day tai(N): G= ');
G_1=input('nhap trong luong toan bo cua xe phan ra cau truoc(N): G_1= ');
G_2=input('nhap trong luong toan bo cua xe phan ra cau sau(N): G_2= ');
g=input('nhap gia tri gia toc trong truong (m/s^2):g= ');
lamda=input('nhap he so bien dang cua lop :lamda= ');

L=input('nhap chieu dai co so cua xe (m): L= ');
hg=input('nhap gia tri do cao trong tam cua xe(m): hg= ');
j_max=input('nhap gia toc cham dan cuc dai cua oto khi phanh(m/s^2):
j_max= ');
phi=input('nhap gia tri he so bam cua lop voi mat duong phi= ');
B_bx=input('nhap be rong cua lop banh xe(m):B_bx= ');
d_bx=input('nhap duong kinh cua vanh banh xe(m):d_bx= ');
r_t=input('nhap ban kinh tang trong(m):r_t= ');
disp('1.Xac dinh mo men sinh ra o cac co cau phanh ')
disp(' Ban kinh banh xe theo thiet ke la (m)')
r_0=B_bx+(d_bx/2)
disp('Ban kinh lan banh xe la (m)')
r_bx=r_0*lamda
disp(' Khoang cach tu trong tam den cau sau la(m) ')
b=(G_1*L)/G
disp(' Khoang cach tu trong tam den cau sau la (m)')
a=L-b
disp('Mo men phanh sinh ra o cau truoc ')
M_pt=((G*b*phi*r_bx)/(2*L))*(1+(j_max*hg)/(g*b))

15


disp('Mo men phanh sinh ra o cau sau ')
M_ps=((G*a*phi*r_bx)/(2*L))*(1-(j_max*hg)/(g*a))
disp('2. Xac dinh diem dat luc')
beta_0t=input('nhap goc om tam ma sat cua co cau phanh
truoc(rad):beta_0t= ');
beta_1t=input('nhap goc bo tri tam ma sat cua co cau phanh
truoc(rad):beta_1t= ');

beta_0s=input('nhap goc om tam ma sat cua co cau phanh sau(rad):beta_0s=
');
beta_1s=input('nhap goc bo tri tam ma sat cua co cau phanh
sau(rad):beta_1s= ');
muy=input('nhap gia tri he so ma sat giua ma phanh va tang trong muy= ');
beta_2t=beta_1t+beta_0t;
beta_2s=beta_1s+beta_0s;
disp('Goc dat luc o co cau phanh truoc la(rad)')
tandenta_t=((cos(2*beta_1t)-cos(2*beta_2t))/(2*beta_0t-sin(2*beta_1t)sin(2*beta_2t)))
disp('vay')
denta_t=atan(tandenta_t)
disp('Ban kinh xac dinh diem dat luc tong hop o co cau phanh truoc
la(m)')
ro_t=(2*r_t*(cos(beta_1t)cos(beta_2t)))/sqrt(beta_0t^2+sin(beta_0t)*sin(beta_0t)2*beta_0t*cos(beta_1t+beta_0t)*sin(beta_0t))
disp('Ban kinh dat luc tong hop co cau phanh truoc la(m)')
r_tht=(ro_t*muy)/(sqrt(1+muy))
disp('Goc dat luc o co cau phanh sau la(rad)')
tandenta_s=((cos(2*beta_1s)-cos(2*beta_2s))/(2*beta_0s-sin(2*beta_1s)sin(2*beta_2s)))
disp('vay')
denta_s=atan(tandenta_s)
disp('Ban kinh xac dinh diem dat luc tong hop o co cau phanh sau la(m)')
ro_s=(2*r_t*(cos(beta_1s)cos(beta_2s)))/sqrt(beta_0s^2+sin(beta_0s)*sin(beta_0s)2*beta_0s*cos(beta_1s+beta_0s)*sin(beta_0s))
disp('Ban kinh dat luc tong hop co cau phanh sau la(m)')
r_ths=(ro_s*muy)/sqrt(1+muy)
disp('3. Xac dinh luc can thiet tac dung len guoc phanh')
disp('Do su dung phuong phap hoa do luc . Nen ta dua vao ket qua tinh
toan o ngoai ta duoc ket qua ')
% Luc N1 la luc huong tam ,luc T1 la luc tiep tuyen , luc R1 la luc tong
% hop cua N1 va T1.Luc R1 tao voi N1 goc phi1
% cac luc tac dung len guoc phanh la: luc P do cam quay sinh ra, luc R

phan
% luc cua trong tac dung len ma phanh , luc U phan luc tu chot phanh tac
% dung len guoc phanh
disp('co cau phanh truoc ');
R_1t=input('nhap gia tri R_1t=');
P_1t=input('nhap gia tri P_1t=');
U_1t=input('nhap gia tri U_1t=');
R_2t=input('nhap gia tri R_2t=');
P_2t=input('nhap gia tri P_2t=');
U_2t=input('nhap gia tri U_2t=');
disp('co cau phanh sau ');
R_1s=input('nhap gia tri R_1s=');
P_1s=input('nhap gia tri P_1s=');
U_1s=input('nhap gia tri U_1s=');
R_2s=input('nhap gia tri R_2s=');
P_2s=input('nhap gia tri P_2s=');
U_2s=input('nhap gia tri U_2s=');
disp('4. xac dinh kich thuoc guoc phanh ')
% a guoc phanh

16


V_0=input('nhap gia tri van toc cua oto khi bat dau phanh(km/h): V_0=');
%dien tich toan bo cua cac ma phanh o tat ca cac co cau phanh oto
m=input('nhap so luong ma phanh m= ');
b_mp=input('nhap chieu rong ma phanh(cm)= ');
xicma_tongF=2*(beta_0t*r_t*b_mp)+2*(beta_0s*r_t*b_mp)
('cong ma sat rieng la (J/cm2)')
L=(G*V_0^2)/(2*g*xicma_tongF)

N_1=('khong thoa man cong cho phep nhap them so luong ma phanh ');
D_l=('thoa man cong ma sat rieng cho phep ');
if L>=10000000
N_1
else
D_l
end
disp(' 5. Ap suat tren be mat ma sat ')
disp('ap suat tren ma phanh la (MN/m2):')
q=M_pt*180/(muy*b_mp*r_t^2*beta_0s*pi)
N_q=('khong thoa man ap suat tren be mat ma phanh ');
D_q=('thoa man ap suat tren be mat ma phanh ');
if q>=2*10^8
N_q
else
D_q
end
disp('6. Tinh toan nhiet phat ra khi phanh')
disp(' do day tang trong va de tang trong(cm)')
denta=1.2
denta_d=1.5
b_tt=input('nhap chieu rong tang trong(cm) = ');
v1=input('nhap toc do ban dau khi phanh(m/s)=');
v2=input('nhap toc do cuoi khi phanh(m/s)=');
disp('the tich vat lieu lam tang trong (cm^3)')
V_t=2*pi*(r_t+0.6)*b_tt*denta+pi*denta_d
disp(' khoi luong rieng cua vat lieu lam tang trong(g/cm^3)')
gama=7
disp(' nhiet dung cua vat lieu lam tang trong (gang)la(J/(kg*do))')
c=500

G_bt=input('Nhap trong luong ban than cua xe = ')
disp('khoi luong cac trong phanh m_t(kg)')
m_t=4*gama*V_t/1000
disp('su tang nhiet do trong phanh la:')
t_0=G_bt*((v1/3.6)^2-(v2/3.6)^2)/(2*g*m_t*c)
N_t0=('khong thoa man nhiet do khi phanh');
D_t0=('thoa man nhiet do khi phanh');
if t_0>=15
N_t0
else
D_t0
end
disp('7 Tinh ben trong phanh ')
disp(' ban kinh trong va ngoai cua trong phanh(cm)')
a_t=21
b_t=22.5
r_t=input('Nhap ban kinh tang trong(cm)=');
q=M_ps/(muy*b_mp*10^2*r_t*beta_0t)
disp('khoang cach tu tam den diem can tinh khi ung suat huong tam va ung
suat tep tuyen cuc dai la')
r=a_t
disp('ung suat huong tam tac dung len trong phanh (kg/cm2)')
xicma_n=q*a_t^2*(1-b_t^2/r^2)/((b_t^2-a_t^2)*(10^2))
disp('ung suat tiep tuyen tac dung len trong phanh (kg/cm2)')

17


xicma_t=q*a_t^2*(1+b_t^2/r^2)/((b_t^2-a_t^2)*(10^2))
disp('ung suat tong hop tac dung len trong phanh co them he so an toan

1.5 (kg/cm2)')
xicma_tong=1.5*sqrt(xicma_n^2+xicma_t^2)
N_x=('khong thoa ung suat cua trong phanh ');
D_x=('thoa man ung suat cua trong phanh ');
if xicma_tong>=3800
N_x
else
D_x
end
disp('8. tinh ben chot phanh ')
disp('ung suat cat')
d_c=input('Nhap duong kinh chot phanh(cm)= ');
l=input('Nhap chieu dai tiep xuc cua chot voi guoc phanh=');
to_c=4*U_1s/((pi*d_c*d_c)*10)
disp('ung suat chen dap')
xicma_c=U_1s/((l*d_c)*10)
N_c=('khong thoa ung suat cua chot phanh .Can tang duong kinh chot phanh
');
D_c=('thoa man ung suat cua chot phanh ');
if to_c>=4000|xicma_c>=8000
N_c
else
D_c
end
disp(' 9 tinh ben loxo hoi vi')
disp(' so vong loxo lam viec (vong)la chon:')
n_0=20
disp(' mo dun dan hoi dich chuyen cua loxo (MN/m2)la ')
G_lx=8*10^4
d_lx=input('nhap duong kinh day loxo (mm)d_lx=');

disp('duong kinh vong loxo (mm) chon ')
D=4*d_lx
disp(' do cung cua loxo la :')
C=(d_lx^4*G_lx)/(8*D^3*n_0)
disp('luc tac dung len lo xo ')
P_lx=P_1s+P_2s
disp(' he so tap trung ung suat')
K=1.37;
disp(' ung suat tiep ')
to=(8*P_lx*D*K)/(pi*d_lx)
xicma_b=1500
disp(' ung suat tiep cho phep')
to_max=0.3*xicma_b*10^6
N_lx=('khong thoa ung suat cua loxo .Can tang duong kinh loxo ');
D_lx=('thoa man ung suat cua loxo ');
if to>=to_max
N_lx
else
D_lx
end
disp('buoc cua loxo')
t=0.2*D
disp(' so vong toan bo cua loxo la')
n=n_0+1
disp('10. tinh ben guoc phanh')
a_gp=input('Nhap chieu dai phan tren chu T(m):=');
b_gp=input('Nhap chieu rong phan tren chu T(m):=');
c_gp=input('Nhap chieu rong phan duoi chu T(m):=');
d_gp=input('Nhap chieu dai phan duoi chu (m): =');

18


disp(' kich thuoc che tao guoc phanh (m): ')
Y_2=d_gp/2+b_gp/2
disp('dien tich phan tren chu T:')
F_t=a_gp*b_gp
disp('dien tich phan duoi chu T:')
F_d=c_gp*d_gp
disp(' khoang cach tu tam phan tren chu T den trong tam cua guoc phanh')
Y_c1=(Y_2*F_t)/(F_t+F_d)
disp(' khoang cach tu tam phan duoi chu T den trong tam cua guoc phanh')
Y_c2=Y_2-Y_c1
R1=input('ban kinh tam cua banh xe den dinh chu T(m)= ');
disp('ban kinh trong tam cua phan dien tich tren ,tinh den tam tang
trong')
R_1=R1-b_gp/2
R2=input('ban kinh tam cua banh xe den day phan tren chu T (m)= ');
disp('ban kinh trong tam cua phan dien tich duoi ,tinh den tam tang
trong')
R_2=R2-d_gp/2
disp(' ban kinh duong trung hoa')
R_th=(F_t+F_d)/(F_t/R_1+F_d/R_2)
disp('kich thuoc tu tam banh xe den trong tam cua guoc phanh la:')
R_g=R_2+Y_c2
disp('11 .kiem tra ben guoc phanh')
% ta dat cac luc nay vao guoc truoc cua co cau phanh sau , o tai diemdat
% luc tong hop R1 , ta phan ra hai thanh phan luc huong kinh N1 , va luc
% tiep tuyen T1 , o tai chot quay cua guoc phanh tacung phan luc tong hop
% U1 ra hai thanh phan U1x va U1y . sau do guoc phanh nay o tai luc R1 ta

% cat huong kinh U1y va luc U1x ,sau do guoc phanh nay o tai luc R1 ta
cat
% ra thanh hai thayvao mat cat do luc huong tam Nz1 va Qy1 va Mu1 . O nua
% duoi la Nz2, Qy2 va Mu2 nguoc voi cac thanh phan luc va momen cua phan
% tren
%dua vao tham khao xe ta co
phi=25*pi/180;
gama=64*pi/180;
disp('xet su can bang tren ta co Nz1=-P*cos(phi+gama);Qy1=P*sin(phi+gama);Mu1=-P*(a-r_t*cos(phi+gama))')
disp('Xet nua tren guoc phanh ')
disp('trong do beta_0+anpha_0+denta=pi/2)')
disp('xet su can bang tai diem A: gama=0')
Qy1=-P_1s*cos(phi)
Nz1=-P_1s*sin(phi)
Mu1=0
disp('xet su can bang tai diem B: ')
Nz1=-P_1s*cos(phi+gama)
Qy1=-P_1s*sin(phi+gama)
Mu1=-P_1s*(a_gp-r_t*cos(phi+gama))
disp('dau am chi chieu cua luc nguoc chieu gia thiet')
disp('Xet su can bang cho nua duoi guoc phanh ')
disp('xet tai diem B')
%dua vao xe tham khao ta chon
beta=80*pi/180
disp('khoang cach tu tam den chot quay')
c_gp=0.17
U1x=U_1s*sin(75*pi/180)
U1y=U_1s*cos(75*pi/180)
Nz2=-U1y*cos(beta)-U1x*sin(beta)
Qy2=U1y*sin(beta)-U1x*cos(beta)

Mu2=U1y*c_gp*(1-sin(beta))-U1x*c_gp*cos(beta)
disp('xet su can bang tai diem C :beta_0=0')
%dua vao xe tham khao ta chon
beta=0
Nz2=-U1x*cos(beta)-U1y*sin(beta)

19


Qy2=U1y*sin(beta)-U1x*cos(beta)
Mu2=0
disp('Ung suat do Qy2 va Mu1 gay ra duoc tinh theo cong thuc :xicma=Qy2/F
+ Mu1/F*(1-R_th/Ri)')
disp('F la dien tich cua tiet dien tinh toan')
disp('Rth la ban kinh duong trung hoa')
disp('Ri la ban kinh tai diem dang xet')
disp('Ung suat tai diem A co ')
F=0.002
Ri=0.2
Rth=R_th
Mu=0
xicma_a=Qy2/F + Mu/F*(1-R_th/Ri)
disp('Ung suat tai diem B co ')
F=0.002
Ri=0.18
Rth=R_th
Mu=U1y*c_gp*(1-sin(beta))-U1x*c_gp*cos(beta)
xicma_b=Qy2/F + Mu/F*(1-R_th/Ri)
disp('Ung suat tai diem C co ')
F=0.002

Ri=0.15
Rth=R_th
Mu=0
xichma_c=Qy2/F + Mu/F*(1-R_th/Ri)
disp('ung suat do Nz gay ra la To=(Nx*Sx)/(Jx*b)')
% trong do
disp('Sx mo men tinh phan bi cat doi voi truc quan tinh trung tam')
disp('Jx mo men quan tinh tiet dien dang xet')
disp('Nx luc cat ')
disp('b chieu day phan bi cat')
disp('Ung suat tai diem A ')
disp(' Do Sx=0 nen:')
To_a=0
disp('Ung suat tai diem B ')
Sx=0.24
Jx=10^-5
b=0.02
Nx=-U1y*cos(beta)-U1x*sin(beta)
To_b=(Nx*Sx)/(Jx*b)
disp('Ung suat tai diem C ')
Sx=44*10^-6
Jx=10^-5
b=0.02
Nx=-U1y*cos(beta)-U1x*sin(beta)
To_c=(Nx*Sx)/(Jx*b)
disp('Ung suat tong hop tai cac diem la :
xicma_th=sqrt((xicma_z)^2+4*To^2)')
disp('Ung suat tai diem A.')
xicma_z=xicma_a
To=To_a

xicma_tha=sqrt((xicma_z)^2+4*To^2)
disp('Ung suat tai diem B.')
xicma_z=xicma_b
To=To_b
xicma_thb=sqrt((xicma_z)^2+4*To^2)
disp('Ung suat tai diem C.')
xicma_z=xicma_c
To=To_c
xicma_thc=sqrt((xicma_z)^2+4*To^2)
N_th=('khong thoa ung suat tong hop .Can tinh lai ');
D_th=('thoa man ung suat tong hop ');
if xicma_tha>=4*10^7|xicma_thb>=4*10^7|xicma_thc>=4*10^7

20


N_th
else
D_th
end

5. Phần tính toán Hộp số sử dụng Matlap.
5.1. Hộp số 3 trục 4 cấp số
%%CHUONG TRINH MATLAB TINH TOAN THIET KE HOP SO CO KHI
%%CAC BUOC TINH TOAN HOP SO CO KHI
disp('chon ty so truyen')
Memax=input('Memax=')
rota=45
while rota <40 | rota >50
disp('ban nhap sai roi')

rota=input('hay phimax khoang tren,rota=')
end
B=input('B=')
d=input('d=')
ro=(B+d/2)*25.4
lamda=0.93
rbx=ro*lamda*10^-3
i0=(rota*rbx)/2.65
G=input('G=')
g=10
Gphi=G*g
ximax=0.35
ntl=0.9
ih1=(ximax*Gphi*rbx)/(Memax*ntl*i0)
ih2=ih1^(2/3)
ih3=ih1^(1/3)
il=1.2*ih1
If=1
icc=1
disp('1.che do tai trong thiet ke')
disp('a. tai trong tinh tu dong co den chi tiet dang tinh cua hop
so')
disp('ap dung cong thuc Mt=Me.i')
disp('trong do')
disp('+Mt momen tinh toan chi tiet can tinh')
disp('+Me momen cua dong co')
disp('Me=Memax')
disp('+i ty so truyen tu dong co den chi tiet can tinh toan')
Mt=Memax*ih1
phimax=0.8

while phimax <0.7 | phimax >0.9
disp('ban nhap sai roi')
phimax=input('hay phimax khoang tren,phimax=')
end
disp('ty so truyen tu banh xe den hop so')
Mphimax=(phimax*Gphi*rbx)/i0*If*icc
disp('2.xac dinh khoang cach giua cac truc')
disp('Vi hop so co dinh nen khoang cach truc so bo duoc xac dinh
theo cong thuc')
disp('A=a.(Memax)^(1/3)')

21


disp('+Memax momen cuc dai cua dong co')
disp('+a la he so kinh nghiem')
a=15.88
while a<14.5 | a>16
disp('ban nhap sai roi')
a=input('hay nhap a khoang tren,a=')
end
A=a*(Memax)^(1/3)
round(A)
disp(' 3. chon modun banh rang');
disp('+ chon medun theo do thi');
disp(' doi voi o to, modun phap tuyen(mn) cua banh rang duoc chon
theo do thi o hinh(I-3a) sach thiet ke hop so co chinh oto-may
keo');
disp(' modun phan tuyrn phu thuoc vao');
disp('mo men quay cuc dai tren truc thu capcua hop so');

disp('chon modun cua cap banh rang tru rang thang la m=3,5');
disp('chon modun cau cap banh rang nghieng la mn=3');
disp('goc beta chon theo kinh nghiem')
disp('doi voi o to con')
mn=3
m=3.5
beta=35
while beta<30 | beta>50
disp('ban nhap sai roi')
beta=input('ban nhap beta khoang tren,beta=')
end
disp('xac dinh so rang cua cac banh rang')
disp('sau khi da xac dinh duoc khoang cah truc so bo(A)giua cac
truc,modun cua cac banh rang(m), goc nghieng cau cac banh rang
(beta) thi so luong rang duoc xac dinh nhu sau')
disp('so luong rang cua banh rang chu dong cua cap banh rang lon
luon an khop co thr chon theo dieu kien khong cat chan rang, nghia
la Za>=13')
disp('chon so luong rang cua banh rang chu dong cua cap banh rang
luon an khong la za=15')
disp(' so luong rang cua banh rang bi dong cua cap banh rang luon
an khop la')
disp('za1=(2.A.cos(beta)/mn)-za')
za=15
za1=((2*A*abs(cos(beta)))/(mn))- za
round(za1)
disp('ty so truyen cua cap banh rang luon an khop')
ia=(round(za1)/(za))
disp('xac dinh ty so truyen cua cac cap banh rang duoc gai o cac
so truyen khac nhau cua hop so')

disp(' ig1 ty so truyen cua cap banh rang duoc gai o so 1')
disp(' ih1 ty so truyen cua cua hop so o so 1')
disp('ig1=ih1/ia')
disp(' ig2 ty so truyen cua cap banh rang duoc gai o so 2')
disp(' ih2 ty so truyen cua cua hop so o so 2')
disp('ig2=ih2/ia')
disp(' ig3 ty so truyen cua cap banh rang duoc gai o so 3')
disp(' ih3 ty so truyen cua cua hop so o so 3')
disp('ig3=ih3/ia')
disp(' ig1 ty so truyen cua cap banh rang duoc gai o so lui')
disp(' ih1 ty so truyen cua cua hop so o so lui')
disp('igl=il/ia')

22


ig1=ih1/ia
ig2=ih2/ia
ig3=ih3/ia
igl=il/ia
disp('xac dinh so luong cua cac banh rang dan dong gai o cac truc
trung gian khi gia khoang cach truc A khong thay doi')
zg1=(2*A*abs(cos(beta)))/((mn)*(1+ig1))
round(zg1)
zg2=(2*A*abs(cos(beta)))/((mn)*(1+ig2))
round(zg2)
zg3=(2*A*abs(cos(beta)))/((mn)*(1+ig3))
round(zg3)
zgl=(2*A*abs(cos(beta)))/((mn)*(1+igl))
round(zgl)

disp('xac dinh so luong rang cua cac banh rang bi dong tren truc
thu cap')
zg11=zg1*ig1
round(zg11)
zg22=zg2*ig2
round(zg22)
zg33=zg3*ig3
round(zg33)
disp(' Xac dinh lai ty so truyen cua hop so khi da co cac so luong
rang da lam tron')
ih1phay=(za1/za)*(zg11/zg1)
ih2phay=(za1/za)*(zg22/zg2)
ih3phay=(za1/za)*(zg33/zg3)
disp('tinh chinh xac khoang cach truc A')
disp('Sau khi da xac dinh chinh xac so luong cac banh rang va da
lam tron so rang thi co the xay ra khoang cah truc khong con nhu
nhau nua. Vi vay ta co the tinh lai khoang cach truc A cua cac cap
banh rang an khop voi nhau trong hop so')
disp('cap banh rang luon an khop')
disp('Aa=(((mn).(za+za1))/(2.cos(beta))')
Aaphay=((mn)*(za+za1))/(2*abs(cos(beta)))
disp('cap banh rang so 1')
A1=((m)*(zg1+zg11)/(2))
disp('cap banh rang gai do 2')
disp('A2=(((mn).(zg2+zg22))/(2.cos(beta))')
A2=((mn)*(zg2+zg22))/(2*abs(cos(beta)))
disp('cap banh rang gai do 3')
disp('A3=(((mn).(zg3+zg33))/(2.cos(beta))')
A3=((mn)*(zg3+zg33))/(2*abs(cos(beta)))
Ac=((mn)*(zg3+zg33))/(2*abs(cos(beta)))

disp('+ De giai quyet van de sai lech ve khoang cach truc cua cap
banh rang gai so 1 ta can phai dich chinh goc')
disp('Xac dinh he so dich chuyen cac truc')
lamda0=abs((Ac-A1)/(A1))
disp(lamda0)
disp('chon tong so He so dich chinh tuong doi epchilon0 theo
lamda0 theo bang phuc luc 4 sach thiet ke tinh toan hop so oto may
keo')
goxi0=0.06015
disp('Neu Ac>A1 thi lamda0 va goxi0 se duong va anpha<20')
disp('Neu Ac<A1 thi lamda0 va goxi0 se duong va anpha>20')
disp('xac dinh he so dich chinh tong cong epchilont ')
goxit=0.5*goxi0*(zg1+zg11);
disp('goxit=')

23


disp(goxit)
goxi12phay=0.88
goxi22phay=1.7
if zg1>17
goxi1=(goxit)/2;
goxi2=(goxit)/2;
disp('goxi1=')
disp(goxi1)
disp('goxi2=')
disp(goxi2)
disp('de dam bao dieu kien cat chan rang')
goxi1

goxi1=goxit/2
goxi2goxi2=goxit/2
else zg1<17
disp('goxi1phay=')
goxi1phay=(17-zg1)/17;
disp('goxi2phay')
goxi2phay=goxit-goxi1phay;
disp('+cac dieu kien tra sau khi chon')
disp('goxi1phaydisp('goxi2phaydisp('nhu vay theo dieu kien khong cat chan rang thi goxi1 va
goxi2 thoa man dieu kien')
disp('he so goxi12phay va goxi22phay phu thuoc vao bang I-1 sach
thiet ke tinh toan hop so chinh o to may keo')
goxi1phaydisp('goxi1phay=')
goxi1phay=(17-zg1)/17
goxi1=goxi1phay
goxi2phaydisp('goxi2phay=')
goxi2phay=goxit-goxi1phay
goxi2=goxi2phay
end
disp('XAC DINH CAC THONG SO HINH HOC CUA RANG')
disp('doi voi cap banh rang nghieng luon an khop')
disp('ty so truyen')
iankhop=round(za1)/za
disp('mo dun phap tuyen mn=3.5')
disp('buoc phap tuyen')

tn=3.14*mn
disp('goc nhieng cua rang')
k=((mn)*(za+round(za1)))/(2*A)
betaak=acos(k)
cos(betaak)
disp('HUONG RANG')
disp('+modun mat dau')
msak=mn/cos(betaak)
disp('+buoc mat dau')
ts=3.14*msak
disp('duong kinh vong tron chia')
d1ankhop=msak*za
d2ankhop=msak*round(za1)
disp('duong kinh vong dinh')
D1ankhop=d1ankhop+2*mn
D2ankhop=d2ankhop+2*mn

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disp('duong kinh vong day')
Dc1ankhop=d1ankhop-2.5*mn
Dc2ankhop=d2ankhop-2.5*mn
disp('chieu cao rang')
hankhop=2.25*mn
disp('+CHIEU RONG VANG RANG')
Bankhop=6*mn
disp('chieu dai rang')
B1ankhop=Bankhop/cos(betaak)
disp('khoang cach truc')

Aaphay=((mn)*(za+za1))/(2*abs(cos(beta)))
disp('goc an khop')
disp('anpha=20')
anpha=20
disp('cap banh rang so 1 co dich chinh')
disp('ty so truyen')
ibanhrang1=round(zg11)/round(zg1)
disp('mo dun phap tuyen m=3.5')
disp('buoc rang')
tbanhrang1=3.14*m
disp('goc profin anpha0=20')
anpha0=20
disp('khoang cach truc khi epchilont=0')
Aphay=0.5*3.5*(round(zg1)+round(zg11))
disp('khoang cach truc khi epchilont#0')
Acphay=A*(lamda0+1)
disp('he so thay doi khoang cach truc')
lamda0=(Ac-A1)/(A1)
disp('tong dich chinh tuong doichon theo phuc luc 4')
disp('he so dich chinh tong cong')
goxi0=0.5*goxi0*(round(zg1)+round(zg11))
disp('do dich chinh nguoc')
dentah0=goxi0*m-(Ac-A)
disp('duong kinh vong chia')
d1banhrang1=m*round(zg1)
d2banhrang1=m*round(zg11)
disp('duong kinh vong co so')
d01banhrang1=d1banhrang1*cos(anpha0)
d02banhrang1=d2banhrang1*cos(anpha0)
disp('duong kinh vong khoi thuy')

dk1banhrang1=d1banhrang1*(lamda0+1)
dk2banhrang1=d2banhrang1*(lamda0+1)
disp('duong kinh vong dinh')
Dd1banhrang1=d1banhrang1+2*m+2*goxi1*m-2*dentah0
Dd2banhrang1=d2banhrang1+2*m+2*goxi2*m-2*dentah0
disp('duong kinh vong day')
Dc1banhrang1=d1banhrang1-2.5*m+2*goxi1*m
Dc2banhrang1=d2banhrang1-2.5*m+2*goxi2*m
disp(' chieu cao rang')
h1banhrang1=2.25*m-dentah0
h2banhrang1=2.25*m-dentah0
disp('chieu cao dau rang')
hd1banhrang1=0.5*(Dd1banhrang1-dk1banhrang1)
hd2banhrang1=0.5*(Dd2banhrang1-dk2banhrang1)
disp('chieu dai rang tren vong chia')
s1banhrang1=((3.14*m)/2)+(2*m*goxi1*tan(anpha0))
disp(s1banhrang1)

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