Thông tư Quản lí glossary

Glossary of Terms
Accrual method
A method that determines when the cost for a resource is incurred, the fixed costs for tasks, and when actual
costs are charged to a project. You can incur costs at the start or finish of a task or prorate them during the task.
Accrued cost
A cost that is incurred all at once at a certain time in a project or gradually, for instance, over the entire time a
task is being worked on. The way a cost is accrued depends on the accrual method you select. See accrual
method.
Actual
Information that shows what has actually occurred. For example, the actual start date for a task is the day on
which the task actually started, and its actual cost is the amount spent up to the present.
Assignment
A specified task assigned to a particular resource.
Assumption
An estimate or educated guess about how various factors will affect a project or a task.
AutoFilter
A filter, available only in sheet views, that quickly displays tasks or resources that match a criterion associated
with a specific column. Except for the Indicators column, each column has an AutoFilter associated with it.
Base calendar
A calendar that specifies working and nonworking time for a project or set of resources. A base calendar differs
from a resource calendar, which specifies working and nonworking time for an individual resource.
Baseline
A way to track project progress by comparing original plan estimates against actual progress. A baseline
contains original scheduling, resource, and cost estimates.
Calculated field
A field in which the value is determined by Microsoft Project based on information in other fields. Microsoft
Project recalculates the value either automatically or when you specify, depending on the settings that you
choose.
Calculated filter
A filter that compares the values in two fields for the same task or resource. For example, the Cost Overbudget
filter compares baseline costs to currently scheduled costs and then displays or highlights only tasks whose

scheduled costs are higher than their baseline costs.
Collapsing
In an outline, hiding the tasks that are subordinate to summary tasks, leaving only the summary tasks visible.
This shows only the major phases of your project. You can also expand and collapse resources in the Resource
Usage view.
Consolidated file
A file that contains one or more inserted project files. The inserted projects can retain links to their source
projects so that any changes to the inserted projects in the consolidated file are passed on to the source file, and
vice versa.

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Constraint
A restriction or limitation you set on the start or finish date of a task. For example, you can specify that a task
must start on a particular date or finish no later than a particular date. See inflexible constraint, flexible
constraint.
Contour
The shape of how scheduled work for an assignment is distributed across time. With a contour, you can better
control how Microsoft Project schedules the work of a resource assigned to a task. Contour examples include flat,
back-loaded, front-loaded, bell, and turtle.
Cost
The total scheduled cost for a task, resource, or resource assignment or for an entire project. Sometimes referred
to as current cost.
Cost rate table
A table containing different rates for a resource, such as the rates for different kinds of tasks and for increases or
decreases in salary. Microsoft Project uses these rates to calculate costs for tasks.
Criteria
In a filter, the instructions that specify which tasks or resources should be displayed when the filter is applied.

For example, the criterion for the filter Completed Tasks is any task whose percent complete value is
100 percent.
Critical path
The series of tasks that must be completed on schedule for a project to finish on schedule. Each task on the
critical path is a critical task.
Critical task
A task that must finish on time for the entire project to finish on time. If a critical task is delayed, the project
completion date is also delayed. By default, a critical task has zero slack time. A series of critical tasks makes up
a project’s critical path.
Current date line
The dotted vertical line in the chart portion of a Gantt Chart or Resource Graph view indicating the current date.
Database
The component of Microsoft Project that stores or organizes project information. You can’t see the database
directly, but you can see portions of the information it contains in Microsoft Project views.
Default value
The value that Microsoft Project assigns to a field automatically. The default value appears before the user types
information into the field, when the user does not type information into the field, and when the user clears the
contents of the field.
Delay time
An extra amount of time inserted between dependent tasks to ease overallocation.
Divider bar
The vertical bar that separates the chart from the table or legend in the Gantt Chart, Resource Graph, and
Resource Usage views.
Duration
The amount of time required to complete a task during normal working hours. Elapsed duration is the amount of
time a task will take to finish, based on a 24-hour day and a 7-day week, including holidays and other
nonworking days.

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Earned value
A measure of the value of work performed so far. Earned value uses your original estimates and your progress to
date to show whether the actual costs incurred are on budget and whether the tasks are ahead of or behind the
baseline plan.
Effort-driven scheduling
The default method of scheduling in Microsoft Project, by which the duration of a task shortens or lengthens as
resources are added to or removed from a task while the amount of effort necessary to complete the task
remains unchanged. For example, a task may require 32 hours of work to be completed, but the task may be
scheduled with a duration of 2 days. This indicates that more than one resource needs to be assigned to this
task, namely two. Working 8 hours a day on the task, two people would complete the task in 2 days. If one
resource is removed from the task, the duration would lengthen to 4 days, while the effort necessary
to complete the task (32 hours) would remain unchanged.
Effort-driven scheduling applies only to resources being added to or removed from a task. It does not apply to
Microsoft Project’s calculation rules when changing work, duration, and unit values for resources already
assigned to tasks.
Elapsed duration
The amount of time needed to complete a task, based on a 24—hour day and a 7—day week, including holidays,
weekends, and other nonworking days. See duration.
Embedding
A form of copying in which the copied object resides in the destination file only, with no link to the source file,
but can be edited using the same tools available in the source file. Changes made to an embedded object exist
only within the destination file and do not change the source file from which the object was copied. Likewise,
changes made to the source file are not reflected in the embedded object. See linking.
Entered field
A field in which you type information.
Expanding
In an outline, making visible the collapsed tasks that are immediately subordinate to summary tasks. You can
also expand and collapse resources in the Resource Usage view.

Export table
The Microsoft Project table used to export data in the MPX file format for use in another program.
Exporting
Transferring data from Microsoft Project to another program, such as Microsoft Excel. When you export data, you
choose an import/export map that matches the arrangement of data in the program to which you’re exporting.
See importing.
Field
A location in a sheet, form, or chart that contains a specific kind of information about a task or resource. In a
sheet, for example, a field is the intersection of a column and a row. In a form, a field is a named box or a place
in a column. In a PERT chart, fields are contained in each PERT box.
File format
The particular way in which information is stored in a file. Different programs use different file formats and file
name extensions to indicate these formats.
File name
The name of a file. Valid file names can contain up to 255 characters, can have any combination of letters or
numbers, and can be followed by an extension (a period and one to three characters). The following characters
and symbols can also be used in a file name:! @ # $ % & ( ) - _ { } ` ' ~

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Filter
A tool used to display or highlight specific tasks or resources. For example, when you apply the Critical filter,
only critical tasks are displayed. See AutoFilter, calculated filter, interactive filter, standard filter.
Fixed cost
A cost that stays the same over time, such as that for materials, regardless of the task duration or how much
work a task requires. See prorated cost, total cost.
Fixed-duration scheduling
A scheduling method in which the duration for a task remains the same regardless of the number of resources

assigned to the task.
Fixed-duration task
A task in which the duration is a fixed value and any changes to the work or the assigned units on the task don’t
affect the task’s duration. See task type.
Fixed-units task
A task in which the assigned units (or resources) is a fixed value and any changes to the amount of work or the
task’s duration don’t affect the task’s units. See task type.
Fixed-work task
A task in which the amount of work is a fixed value and any changes to the task’s duration or the number of
assigned units don’t affect the task’s work. See task type.
Flexible constraint
A constraint that is flexible and does not tie its task to a date. The flexible constraints are:

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As Soon As Possible (for all projects).
As Late As Possible (for all projects).
Finish No Earlier Than (for projects scheduled from the start).
Finish No Later Than (for projects scheduled from the finish).
Start No Earlier Than (for projects scheduled from the start).
Start No Later Than (for projects scheduled from the finish).

Footer
Text that appears at the bottom of every printed page. A footer typically contains information such as page
number, total page count, and date. See header.

Form
A type of view that gives you detailed information about a task or resource.
Free slack
The amount of time a task can slip without delaying another task. For a task without successors, free slack is the
amount of time the task can be delayed without delaying the finish date of its project. See slack time, total slack.
Gantt bar
A graphic element on a Gantt Chart representing the duration of a task.
Gantt Chart
A view that includes a list of tasks and a graphical representation of those tasks using Gantt bars.
Goal
A specific result or purpose that you determine for a project.

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Graphics areas
Areas in Microsoft Project that can display picture information from another document or program, including
static pictures and embedded and linked objects. These areas are:

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The chart portion of a Gantt Chart view.
Task, resource, and assignment notes.
Header, footer, and legend in a view or report.
Objects box in a task form or resource form.

The Task Form Objects box and Resource Form Objects box are included for compatibility with earlier versions of
Microsoft Project.
Header
Text that appears at the top of every printed page. A header typically contains information such as the project or
company name and the project start and finish dates. See footer.
Hyperlink
A portion of text, distinguished by a color, that contains an HTML-based link to another file or a location within a
file. When you click the hyperlink, a web browser will search for and display the document associated with the
hyperlink. Most browsers are set up to display links that have not been clicked in one color and those that have
in another color.
Hyperlink address
The address of the hyperlink’s destination file, which will be either a URL address or a UNC address. When you
click the hyperlink, the destination file defined in the hyperlink address will open in your web browser.
Import/export map
A set of instructions that maps for Microsoft Project exactly what types of data you want imported or exported.
Microsoft Project comes with default import/export maps, or you can customize your own. An import/export map
can include specific instructions for importing or exporting task, resource, and assignment data. Using
import/export maps, you can import or export as little or as much data as you want into a wide variety of
formats.
Importing
Transferring data into Microsoft Project from another program, such as Microsoft Excel. When you import data,
you choose an import/export map that defines how the data in the program from which you’re importing should
be mapped to information in Microsoft Project. See exporting.
Indenting
Moving a task to a lower outline level (to the right) in the Task Name field. When you indent a task, it becomes a
subtask of the nearest preceding task at a higher outline level.
Indicators
Small icons representing information for a task or resource that are displayed in the Indicators field. The
Indicators field is located to the right of the ID field and appears in a number of tables. When you point to an
indicator, additional information associated with it is displayed to remind you of important details.

Inflexible constraint
A constraint that is inflexible because it ties its task to a date. The inflexible constraints include:

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Finish No Earlier Than (for projects scheduled from the finish date).
Finish No Later Than (for projects scheduled from the start date).
Must Finish On (for all projects).
Must Start On (for all projects).
Start No Earlier Than (for projects scheduled from the finish date).
Start No Later Than (for projects scheduled from the start date).
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Interactive filter
A filter that displays a dialog box for entering filter criteria each time you apply the filter. For example, the Using
Resource filter displays a dialog box in which you enter a resource name. Microsoft Project then displays all the
tasks that are using that resource.
Interim plan
A set of task start and finish dates that you can save at certain stages of your project. You can compare an
interim plan with the baseline plan to monitor project progress or slippage. You can save up to 10 interim plans.
Internet
A worldwide network of thousands of smaller computer networks and millions of commercial, educational,
government, and personal computers. The Internet is like an electronic city with virtual libraries, storefronts,

business offices, art galleries, and so on.
Intranet
Any network that provides similar services within an organization to those that are provided by the Internet
outside the organization. However, an organization’s intranet may or may not be connected to the Internet. For
example, a company might set up one or more web servers on an internal network where information, formatted
in HTML for web display, is distributed within the company. Also known as an internal web.
Lag time
The amount of time delay between the completion of one task and the start of its successor task. For example, if
you need a 2-day delay between the finish of one task and the start of another, you can establish a finish-tostart dependency and specify a 2-day lag time. You enter lag time as a positive value.
Lead time
An overlap between tasks that have a dependency. For example, if a task can start when its predecessor is half
finished, you can specify a finish-to-start dependency with a lead time of 50 percent for the successor task. You
enter lead time as a negative value.
Legend
An explanatory list of symbols that is or can be on a printed chart or graph.
Leveling
Resolving resource conflicts or overallocations by either delaying certain tasks and assignments or by splitting
tasks.
Link
A dependency between tasks that specifies when a task begins or ends relative to another task.
Link line
On the Gantt bar chart and the PERT chart, the line that appears between two tasks to indicate a task
dependency.
Linking
In a project, establishing a dependency between tasks. When you link tasks, you define a dependency between
their start and finish dates. There are four kinds of task dependencies: finish-to-start (FS), start-to- start (SS),
finish-to-finish (FF), and start-to-finish (SF).
In object linking and embedding (OLE), establishing a connection between programs, so that information such as
a chart or text in a container document can be updated whenever that information changes in the source
document. See embedding.

MAPI
The acronym for Messaging Application Programming Interface. This is the standard programming interface
proposed and supported by Microsoft for accessing electronic messaging.

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Milestone
A significant event that marks progress in a project, such as completion of a phase.
Nonworking time
On a project calendar or other working times calendar, time off from work. Examples of nonworking time are
weekends and holidays.
Note
Explanatory text that you can attach to a task, resource, or assignment by entering the text in the Notes tab of
the Task Information dialog box, the Resource Information dialog box, or the Assignment Information dialog box.
Object
In object linking and embedding (OLE), information such as a chart or text that is shared among different
documents and different programs. The program used to create the object and the object type determine the
programs that can be used to edit the object, as well as how it can be edited.
Object linking and embedding (OLE)
A protocol that allows information such as a chart or text (called an object) to be shared among different
documents and different programs. Linking allows information in a container document to be updated whenever
that information is changed in the source document. Embedding allows the information to be edited from within
the container document, using the program that created the information.
Objects box
An area you can display on forms that holds linked or embedded objects.
Organizer
The tabbed dialog box in which you can copy custom views, tables, filters, calendars, reports, forms, toolbars,
maps, and Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications modules to other project documents. To open the Organizer,

click Organizer on the Tools menu.
Outdenting
Moving a task to a higher outline level (to the left) in the Task Name field. When you outdent a task to the
leftmost position in the column, it is no longer a subtask.
Outline
A hierarchical structure for a project that shows how some tasks fit within broader groupings. In Microsoft Project,
subtasks are indented under summary tasks.
Outline level
The number of levels a task is indented from the top level of the outline, where 1 is the top level.
Outline number
Numbers that indicate the exact position of a task in the outline. When displayed, outline numbers appear to the
left of each task in task views.
Overallocation
The result of assigning more tasks to a resource than the resource can accomplish in the working time available.
Microsoft Project determines which resources are overallocated based on the work and duration values for
assigned tasks, the maximum number of units available for the resource, and the calendar used by the resource.
See underallocation.
Overtime
The amount of work beyond a resource’s normal working hours. It is the amount of existing work that is
considered by Microsoft Project to be overtime work. When overtime hours are entered for a resource, Microsoft
Project subtracts overtime hours from regular hours before the duration is calculated.

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Pane
A section of a window that contains a view A combination view consists of two panes, for example, the Gantt
Chart view in the top pane and the Task Form view in the bottom pane.
Password

A combination of characters used to authorize access to a project, the WebInbox, and the TeamInbox. In
Microsoft Project, passwords can have from 1 to 17 characters.
Path
A sequence of all folder names from the root to a file’s current folder, separated by backslash characters (\) in
Microsoft Windows. For example, in Microsoft Windows 95, the path to a file called Gallery.mpp in the Projects
folder of the WinProj folder on drive C would be C:\WinProj\Projects\.
Per-use cost
A cost that is incurred all at once when a resource is used, such as equipment rental.
Percent complete
A field you use to enter or display how much of a task has been completed.
PERT analysis
PERT (Program, Evaluation, and Review Technique) analysis is a process by which you evaluate a probable
outcome based on three scenarios: best-case, expected-case, and worst-case. The outcome in question may be
the duration of a task, its start date, or its finish date.
PERT chart
A flowchart that shows all tasks and task dependencies. Tasks are represented by boxes and task dependencies
are represented by lines that connect the boxes.
Phase
A logical group of related tasks that completes a major step in a project.
Plan
A schedule of task start and finish dates and resource and cost information. A baseline plan is the original project
plan that you save and use to monitor project progress. An interim plan is a set of dates you can save during the
project to compare to the baseline plan and to other interim plans.
Predecessor task
A task that must start or finish before another task can start or finish. See successor task.
Priority
An indication of a task’s availability for leveling (resolving resource conflicts or overallocations by delaying
certain tasks). Tasks with the lowest priority are delayed first. You can also sort and filter tasks based on priority.
Progress bar
On the Gantt Chart, a bar that shows how much of a task has been completed. The progress bar is overlaid on all

tasks that are in progress or that have been completed.
Progress line
A visual representation of the progress of your project, displayed in the Gantt Chart view. For a given progress
date, Microsoft Project draws a progress line connecting in-progress tasks, thereby creating a graph on the Gantt
Chart with peaks pointing to the left for work that is behind schedule and peaks pointing to the right for work
that is ahead of schedule. The distance of a peak from the vertical line indicates the degree to which the task is
ahead of or behind schedule at the progress date.
Project calendar
The base calendar used by a project.

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Prorated cost
A cost that is incurred in increments over time as a task or project progresses. See fixed cost, total cost.
Recurring task
A task that occurs repeatedly during the course of a project, such as a weekly staff meeting.
Report
A format in which you can print schedule or resource information that is appropriate for the intended recipients.
Microsoft Project provides predefined reports, or you can create custom reports.
Report period
The span of time during which you track and update a task that the workgroup manager has assigned to you.
You can change the unit of time in which the report period displays the tasks to either days, weeks, or a single
unit of time for the whole report period.
Report type
A category for Microsoft Project reports that contain similar information. There are five report types: Overview,
Current Activities, Cost, Assignments, and Workload.
Resource allocation
The assignment of resources to tasks in a project.

Resource calendar
A working times calendar that stores the working and nonworking times for an individual resource. You can use
resource calendars to define unique exceptions for individual resources, such as vacations, different working
days, or different shifts. See working times calendar.
Resource group
A set of resources that share some characteristic and that is categorized by a group name. For example, you can
categorize resources by job function and use group names such as plumbers and editors. Or, you can categorize
resources by employment status and use group names such as contractors and permanent employees.
Resource list
A list of the resources available for a project, including personnel, equipment, and supplies.
Resource pool
A project file containing information about a group of resources shared by several projects.
Resource set
A collection of resources that share the same skills or attributes and that may be assigned to the same tasks.
Resource view
A view that displays resource information. Resource views include the Resource Sheet, the Resource Graph, the
Resource Usage view, and resource forms.
Resources
The personnel, equipment, materials, and services needed to complete tasks in a project.
Roll up
On Gantt Charts, to display symbols on a summary task bar that represent dates from subtasks. You can roll up
dates from subtasks to make important dates easily visible on a summary task bar. For example, you can display
diamonds on a summary task bar to represent the dates of several milestone subtasks.
Row
A horizontal series of side-by-side fields displaying a common category of information. A row in Microsoft Project
typically consists of information about a task, resource, or assignment or some detail such as work and cost.

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Scale
A method for increasing or decreasing the image on a printed page. Decreasing the scale prints more of a view
or report on each page; increasing the scale prints less of a view or report on each page.
Schedule
The timing and sequence of tasks within a project, as well as the project duration. The schedule consists mainly
of tasks, dependencies among the tasks, durations, constraints, and time-oriented project information.
Scope
The combination of all project goals and tasks, and the work required to accomplish them.
Sheet
A spreadsheet-like representation (in rows and columns) of task or resource information. Each row specifies an
individual task or resource, such as the "Design package" task or the Advertising Agency resource. Each column
specifies a type of information, such as start dates or standard rates.
Slack time
The amount of time a task can slip before it affects another task’s dates or the project finish date. See free slack,
total slack.
Slippage
The amount of time a task has been delayed from its original baseline plan. The slippage is the difference
between the scheduled start or finish date for a task and the baseline start or finish date. Slippage can occur
when a baseline plan is set and the actual dates subsequently entered for tasks are later than the baseline
dates or the actual durations are longer than the baseline durations.
Sorting
A method of controlling the order in which task, resource, and other information is displayed.
Split task
A task divided into two or more portions, with time gaps between one portion and another that indicate an
interruption in work on the task.
Static picture
A snapshot of information, often from another document or program, that is not linked to the document or
program in which the information was created.
Static text

Text in a custom form or dialog box that cannot be edited.
Status date
A date that you set (rather than the current date) for the purpose of evaluating and projecting, based on the
project’s trends so far, where you can expect costs, work, and other aspects of the project to be on the status
date you set.
Subproject
A project inserted into another project. Use subprojects as a way to break complex projects into more
manageable parts. Also known as an inserted project.
Subtask
A task that is part of a summary task. The subtask information is added into the summary task. You can
designate subtasks using the Microsoft Project outlining feature.
Successor task
A task that cannot begin until another task has started or finished. See predecessor task.

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Summary task
A task that consists of and summarizes a logical group of tasks, called subtasks, and usually represents a phase.
You can use the Microsoft Project outlining feature to create summary tasks. Microsoft Project automatically
determines summary task information (duration, cost, and so on) using information from the subtasks.
Table
A set of columns that shows specific information about tasks or resources in a sheet view.
Task
A cohesive, individual unit of work that is part of the total work needed to accomplish a project.
Task dependency
The nature of the dependencies between linked tasks. You link tasks by defining a dependency between their
finish and start dates. There are four kinds of task dependencies in Microsoft Project: finish-to- start (FS), in
which a task cannot start until another task finishes; start-to-start (SS), in which a task cannot start until another

task starts; finish-to-finish (FF), in which a task cannot finish until another task finishes; and start-to-finish (SF),
in which a task cannot finish until another task starts.
Task duration
See duration.
Task list
A list of all the tasks required to achieve a project’s goals. A task list can include tasks, phases, and milestones.
Task type
A method used by Microsoft Project to calculate task work, duration, and resource units. See fixed—duration
task, fixed—units task, fixed—work task.
Task view
A view that displays task information.
TeamInbox
The place where workgroup members receive workgroup messages sent via the web and manage their task lists.
Workgroup members access the TeamInbox using a web browser and use it to receive new task assignments,
track the progress of their tasks, receive update requests from the workgroup manager, and send status
messages back to the workgroup manager regarding the progress of their tasks. When using the TeamInbox,
workgroup members can send messages to the workgroup manager, but they cannot send messages to other
workgroup members.
Template
A Microsoft Project file format that lets you reuse existing schedules as the starting point for creating new
schedules. Task and resource information, direct formatting, macros, and project-specific settings can all become
part of a template.
Timescale
The time period indicator that appears at the top of Gantt Chart views and the Resource Graph, Task Usage, and
Resource Usage views. The timescale consists of a major timescale and a minor timescale. Both the major and
minor timescales can display units of minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, quarters, years, thirds of months,
and half years. For example, the major timescale can display units of months while the minor timescale displays
units of weeks.
Total cost
The calculated cost of a project, task, or resource over the life of the project.

Total slack
The amount of time a task can slip without affecting the project’s finish date. When the total slack is negative,

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the duration for a task is too long for its successor to begin on the date required by its constraint. See free slack,
slack time.
UNC
Universal Naming Convention addresses are used to identify the location of a file that resides on a network
server. These addresses start with \\ (two backslash characters) and supply the server name, share name, and
full path to the file. For example, \\server\share\path\project file.mpp is a UNC address.
Underallocation
Assigning a resource to work fewer hours than the resource has available. See overallocation.
Units
The number of units or the quantity of a resource assigned to a task. For example, if you have a plumbing task,
you could assign two units, or two plumbers, to the task. If you have one plumber, you could assign 50 percent
units (half of one plumber’s time) to the task. The maximum units is the maximum number of units available for
the resource. For example, if you have three plumbers working on a project, the maximum units is 300 percent
— three plumbers working full-time.
URL
A Uniform Resource Locator address is a standard for naming and locating an object on the Internet, such as a
file or newsgroup. URLs are used extensively on the World Wide Web and are used in HTML documents to specify
the target of a hyperlink.
Variable cost
A cost that changes over time, such as an hourly rate for a resource that rises as the resource continues to work.
Variance
The difference between the baseline and scheduled task or resource information. Variances occur when you set a
baseline plan and begin entering actual information into your schedule. Variances in task information refer to

differences between the baseline and scheduled dates. Variances in resource information refer to differences
between the baseline and scheduled work and costs.
View
The combination of one or more views (Gantt Chart, Resource Sheet, and so on), a table, and a filter. Using
views, you can enter, organize, and examine information in a variety of formats. There are three types of views:
charts and graphs, sheets, and forms.
Web browser
A computer program capable of locating and displaying information accessible on the World Wide Web.
Workgroups based on an intranet or the World Wide Web need a browser to communicate.
Web server
A server program designed to process requests from other computers that want to display a web site. A web
server can also serve as the repository for web sites. The web server must be installed on a computer that has
the appropriate hardware and connections for accommodating the web requests that it receives.
Web site
Any document or object on an intranet or the World Wide Web that is formatted in HTML and is accessible from a
web browser.
Webmaster
The person who administers an organization’s web server.
Work
The labor required (in terms of minutes, hours, days, or weeks) for one resource unit (namely a person) to
complete a task. Work should not be confused with a task’s duration or a resource’s duration on a task. For
example, a resource may require 32 hours of work to complete a task, but the task may be scheduled with a

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duration of 2 days. This indicates that more than one resource needs to be put on this task, namely two. Working
8 hours a day on the task, two people would complete the task in 2 days.
Workgroup

A group of people working on the same project who use a common system of communication for exchanging
project information.
Workgroup manager
The individual in the workgroup who is creating and maintaining the project schedule in Microsoft Project and
who is using workgroup messages to assign tasks to the workgroup members. The workgroup manager also uses
the workgroup features to update tasks in the project file as workgroup members send their replies.
Workgroup members
Those individuals in a workgroup who receive workgroup messages from the workgroup manager. Workgroup
members can receive and reply to their messages by either using a 32-bit, MAPI-compliant e-mail system or by
using their web browser to log on to the TeamInbox.
Workgroup messages
Messages that the workgroup manager sends using Microsoft Project to workgroup members regarding the tasks
of a project. There are three kinds of workgroup messages, all of which the workgroup members are able to reply
to:

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•
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TeamAssign, which is used to assign tasks to workgroup members.
TeamUpdate, which is used to inform workgroup members of changes to tasks in the schedule.
TeamStatus, which is used to request that workgroup members provide the workgroup manager with the
current status of the tasks in question.

Working time
Hours designated in a resource or project calendar during which work can occur.
Working times calendar
A calendar that stores all expected working and nonworking days and hours. This type of calendar is used by
Microsoft Project to schedule tasks. There are two types of working times calendars: base calendars and resource
calendars. See base calendar, resource calendar.

Workspace
A set of files and settings that you can save and reopen by opening a single workspace file. Workspace files have
the .mpw extension. When you create a workspace file, Microsoft Project creates lists of the current settings,
open projects, views, and so on. When you open a workspace file, Microsoft Project uses these lists to recreate
the workspace so you can resume work where you left off.
World Wide Web
A system for exploring web sites that reside on the Internet. The World Wide Web is the most visible and popular
component of the Internet.

Microsoft Project 98 – Glossary of Terms
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