Giáo án điện tử tiếng anh lớp 11 Unit 4 language focus

PART E: LANGUAGE FOCUS
I. PRONUNCIATION
/w/ and /j/
II. GRAMMAR
1. Gerund and Present Participle
2. Perfect Gerund and Perfect Participle


I. PRONUNCIATION
/w/

/j/

we

wheel

yes

west

wet

yellow use

wine

whale

young

years

York


Practice reading aloud these sentences


II. GRAMMAR
1. Gerund and Present Participle
Exercise 1: Complete each of the following
sentences with an appropriate gerund of the
verbs from the box.
spend
start

behave
bend

wait
meet

park
listen

Example:
He found that parking was difficult in that city.

spend
start

behave
bend

wait
meet

park
listen

1- I have no objection to _______
to your story again.
listening
2- Touch your toes without _______ your knees!
3- You should be ashamed of yourself
for _______ so badly.
bending
4- I am looking forward to _______ you.

behaving

5- You can’t prevent him from ________ his own money.
6- Would you mind ______ for a moment?

meeting
7- In spite of _______ late, we arrived
in time.

spending

waiting
starting


Gerund can be used in the following ways.
1.
2.

As subject of sentence (in example)
As complement of a verb

3.
4.

After prepositions (in number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7)
After certain verbs ( in number 6)

5.

In noun compounds


Exercise 2: Complete of the following sentence
with an appropriate present participle of the
verb from the box.
lie modernize
rise
try

shop
read

pass
burn

Example:
I saw him ________ my house.
 I saw him passing my house.

prepare


lie
rise

modernize
try

shop
read

pass
burn

prepare

1. She smelt something ______
and saw

burning
smoke _____.
rising
2. If she catches you ______ her diary, she’ll be furious.
reading
3. The found a tree ____ across
the road.
4. I’m going ________ this afternoon.
5. He doesn’t spend much
time ________
lying
his lessons. shopping
6. They wasted the whole afternoon _____ to repair the
preparing
bike.
7. They spend a lot of money __________
the house.
trying

modernizing


Some of the uses of present participle
1.
2.
3.
4.

After verbs of sensation (see, hear, feel, smell,
listen to, notice, watch)

After catch/ find/ leave + O
After go/ come/ spend/ waste/ be busy
To replace a clause

E.g. He entered the room and saw a stranger.
 Entering the room, he saw a stranger.


Comments:
The difference between gerund and present participle:
• Gerund: (V-ing) used as a noun equivalent
• Present Participle: (V-ing) more like a verb or an
adjective


2. Perfect Gerund and Perfect Participle

• used instead of a gerund/ participle when we
want to emphasize the completion of the
action (having + p.p.)
Gerund
We are happy about your
completing all your
assignments.
Participle
Finishing the work, they
went home.

Perfect Gerund
We are happy about your

having completed all your
assignments.
Perfect Participle
Having finished the work,
they went home.


Exercise 3: Put the verb in brackets into the
perfect gerund or perfect participle.
Example:
He was accused of _______ (desert) his
ship two months ago.
He was accused of having deserted his
ship two months ago.


having made (make) private calls on the
1. I object to him ___________
office phone.

 PERFECT GERUND

2. Having
__________
been (be) his own boss for such a long time, he
found it hard to accept orders from another.

 PERFECT PARTICIPLE

3. They denied ___________

having been (be) there.

 PERFECT GERUND

4. Having
__________
tied (tie) one end of the rope to his bed, he threw
the other end out of the window.

 PERFECT PARTICIPLE

5. Having
___________
read (read) the instruction, he snatched up the fire
extinguisher.

 PERFECT PARTICIPLE

6. The children admitted ___________
having taken (take) the money.

 PERFECT GERUND


HOMEWORK
- Do the exercises in the textbook again.
- Write 5 sentences using gerund and 5
sentences using participle