Báo cáo thực tập israel Effect Comparison between different soil treatment methods for tomato at Yoav Katsir’s farm

Effect Comparison between different soil treatment methods for tomato at
Yoav Katsir’s farm

Student:

Nguyễn Thành Luân
Huỳnh Quốc Phát
Hồ Đức Việt
Phạm Việt Kim
Farm: Yoav Katsir
Advisor: Avner Levy, Ph.D

Ramat negev international training for advanced agriculture
Class of 2016-2017

02/04/2017

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CONTENT
1. Abstract

2. Introduction

3. Material and method

4. Results

5. Discussion
6. Acknowledgment

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How did we do that?

To determine which method is appropriate, we conducted two methods in two
different net house, after that we followed the tomato growth, weed situation, plant
pathogens and Compare the yields obtained between two net houses from which the
conclusions are derived.

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 After

the implementation period, observed and rely on the data obtained. We conducted the
analysis and evaluation of the two soil treatments that resulted is soil treatment using nylon
overlay is better.

 Although the soil treatment method using nylon cover provides greater efficiency, there are also
certain constraints such as higher costs, more time spent on soil treatment that cause crop delay,
For workers also higher ... so, depending on the purpose and ability of the farmers that choose the
method accordingly.

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2. Introduction




The geography of Israel is not naturally conducive to Agriculture.



Only 20% of the land area is naturally arable [2]. 

More than half of the land area is desert, and the climate and lack of water resources do not
favor farming.

The soil conditions here are mostly sandy soil.

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Conditions in the Ramat Negev climate

Sandy soil

Extreme temp, between day and night, between
High radiation
High evapotranspiration
Water salinity
 Low humidity
Poor nutrients

winter and summer

What is solution?
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Control elements inside
Prevent disease and pest

greenhouse
Avoid the impact of weather
Increase water and fetilizer use
efficiency

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5 basis factors in good agricultural production

human

-

Provide nutrients and
minerals

water

variety

Cultivating medium of
plants, the habitat of

many species of
beneficial
microorganisms

- Habitat and farming of
human

fertilizer

soil

Why soil treatment is extreme important?

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Importance of
soil treatment before planting[1]

Convenient and easier
for planting and caring
tomato

Create better living

Increase porous
soil, improve some
soil properties

conditions for many

Increase in soil

types of soil

aeration

Destroy and
prevent some
pathogens of plants

microbiology

SOIL TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY
BEFORE PLANTING IS VERY NECESSARY

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To show the importance of soil treatment before planting of tomato at
Yoav Katsir’s farm, we progressed the effect comparison between two
below
soil
treatment
methods:

 One method is soil treatment with plastic cover, expose soil under sunlight, incubating
soil with plastic

 Other method is soil treatment don’t use plastic cover, don’t expose also incubating

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3. Materials and methods
3.1 materials









Nylon cover

Green house
Sandy soil
Water
Nylon
Fertilizers
Drip lines
Tractor

Non-Nylon cover

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3.2 method

We combined 4 methods to show the difference between 2 soil treatment techniques:

Conducted soil treated with 2 technical reality.

Observing the growth of tomatoes, weeds and diseases.

Data collection

Analytical method

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Conducted soil treated with non-nylon cover

Stage 1: killing and
cleaning farm

Picking up plants

Stage 2: treatment

Make flat land and

before planting

create seedbed

Remove driplines

Installing driplines

Take out all of plants

Expose soil under

and fruits

sunlight

Treated soil with

Growing new plants

chlorine solution

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Conducted soil treated with nylon cover

Stage 1: killing and
cleaning farm

Picking up plants

Remove driplines

Take out all of plants

Expose soil under

and fruits

sunlight

Growing new plants

Stage 2: treatment

Tillage soil and create

before planting

seedbed

Installing driplines

Treated soil with
chlorine solution

Incubating soil with

Slitting plastic to

plastic

make bed

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Stage 1: killing and cleaning farm (4-5 days)
Method:
 Use cutter to cut plants
 Take out plants and fruits by tractor
 Remove driplines by worker

Purpose:






Removes the remnants of last season to return to the original ground
Disrupt the habitat of many species of microorganism, pests
Eliminating the remaining germs of the previous season.
Is the first step in the process of land, has an important role to facilitate the next step

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Stage 2: treatment before planting
Tillage the soil (1-2 days)
Method: till the soil by tractor and at this step we can mix the soil with
greenery or compost to increase the amount of organic matter in the soil

Purpose:

Green material to mix with the soil

Breaking ground texture, making porous soil, providing good air circulation
Disrupt the habitat of many species of micro organism, pests not only at the
surface but also at the bottom of topsoil
Creating favorable conditions for the next step

Soil after tillage and mixing

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Making bed (1-2 days) and installing driplines (12 days)
Installing driplines

Method: by handing and worker

Purpose:
Making convenient care
Create farm aesthetic
Creating favorable conditions for growing, caring and harvesting the fruit
Help operate the irrigation system to provide water and nutrients to plants

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Incubate soil with plastic (15-20 days)

Method: use black plastic or white plastic to cover soil in 15 to 20 days

Purpose:
Helps retain moisture in soil
Kill some microorganisms that cause diseases of seedlings (plastic increase heat
of soil)

Soil after cover with white plastic

Limiting the loss of fertilizer and organic matter by some insects and rain
Helping soil and organic matter continue decomposition

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Slitting plastic (1 days)
Method: Using a sharp knife to slit plastic after about 15-20 days of incubation

Purpose:
reduce heat soil to make possible preparation for planting
Air can circulate in the soil to help the beneficial microorganisms may operate in the best conditions , helpful for the development of
seedlings later

Before slitting

After slitting

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Treated soil with chlorine solution (2-4 days)

Method: The chlorine powder is mixed with water in a certain proportion, then
use cup to watered in the soil where the new tomato is ready to grow in a
certain amount.
New tomatoes will be hand-grown

Purpose:
Clean the soil and remove any germs left in the soil
Help the seedlings grow healthy
This is final step of soil treatment before plant new seedling.

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Observing method

 Observation is way of gathering data by watching behavior, events, or noting physical characteristics in their
natural setting [3].

 In our report we looked at the development of tomatoes in two farms in order to find the difference between
the two farms in terms of growth rate, disease status, weeds as well as the loss of water and fertilizer.

 This method takes a lot of time because it must monitor the development of the tomato from early planting to
harvest

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Data collection method

 Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring information on targeted variables in an established systematic
fashion, which then enables one to answer relevant questions and evaluate outcomes [4].

 The goal for all data collection is to capture quality evidence that then translates to rich data analysis and allows the
building of a convincing and credible answer to questions that have been posed [4] .

 In this report we collect data by recording the harvested yield, collecting observable data, photographing, asking the
farmer for the required data.

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Data analysis method

 Analysis of data, is a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering
useful information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision-making [5].

 In this report we have made calculations based on the data collected, then there are comparisons and evaluations to
make the final conclusions.

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4. Results


The difference comparison table between 2 greenhouse

 

Nylon cover method

Non-nylon cover method

Cost

High

Low

Yield

High

Low

Have a lot of new weeds and tomato plants from

Diseases and weeds

Have not pathogen from previous season

Irrigation

less

more

Time

1 to 2 month

1 to 2 week

previous season

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Cost



The soil treatment method with nylon cover need material is nylon, so the cost will be more than other method.



In greenhouse that was not incubated by nylon had a lot of weeds and new tomatoes from previous season, so we
need the cost for workers to take them out. We need 18 workers worked in 2 hours to take them out and 2 to 3
times per season.

The nylon cover method need about 40 workers per day for a farm, the other method only need 20 workers per
day, so the cost for workers will be less than nylon cover method.

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