Oxford discover 2 writing and spelling

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OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS

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ISBN:

978 019 427864 5

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Cover Photo: Craig van der Lende/Getty Images
Cover nlustration: Michael Slack
nlustrations by: Bill BoltonjAdvocate pp.8, 9 (water cycle), 16, 17, 28, 32;
Judy Brown pp.6, 9 (gu·l with umbrella), 10, 18, 22, 30
The publisher would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce
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H.H. Huey), 6 (David Da Costa), 12 (David Chapman), 17 (Chris
Hellier), 30 (Simon Curtis), 52 (Adrian Sherratt); Getty Images
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Battens by); Oxford University Press pp.lO (Core!), 36 (Photoclisc).
40 (Photoclisc); Rex Features p.42 (c.ParamountJEverett); shutterstock
pp.28 (miscellaneous fruitsJGeanina Bechea). 34/35 Uane Mcllroy).


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Tamzin Thompson

OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS

www.frenglish.ru

f

How do animals
help people?

desert thick
protect feet sand
hump save dry
transport

Page4

~- W~ere does

4&.

ra•ncome
from?

Cause and Effect

Process Text

Flow Chart

jeans formal

material teenagers
adults popular casual
comfortable styles

Sequencing

Report

Timeline

reflection bone juicy
shady relax pond
tasty grab fall silly

Plot

Story

Notes

lonely join club team
interests hobbies smile
helpful invite find out

Problem and Solution

Advice Poster

Main Idea and
Details Chart

capital city area ugly
buildings dust pollution
stream remove modern
paths

Compare and Contrast

Report

T Chart

beach look smell
sound taste feel
lovely delicious shells
smooth rough

Setting

Descriptive Paragraph

Matrix

carnival ride wheel
seats cables support
frame engine center
sides turns

Describing an Object
Using Spatial Organization

Descriptive Paragraph
with Diagram

Main Idea and
Details Chart

Opinion Text

Wh-Chart

shines collects
evaporates liquid gas
cool droplets clouds
rivers ocean

PageS

.3

"'iiiiiiii~ijiiii
nvw ww-,..
n,..:a invent
'-IV 1

different now
than in the
past?
Page 12

~

4•

(

What happens
next?
Page16

Howcanwebe
happy?
Page20

6-

1

How do cities
change?
Page24

-7- -

··

What's your
favorite place?

Ten years ago, this area was

polluted. There were old
buildings then.

Page28

. s
-=
'

How do things
move?
Page32

sculpture artist shiny
silver bronze reflect
strange curved
work of art metal

Inside the large wheel
there is a smaller wheel.
Fact and Opinion

I think it's very modern.


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t r I

f ather

ur

I

'

4

er

bird

laugh

eleph ant

nurse

farmer

Past Simple Endings: verb+ ed

walked

breathed

stopped

Page43

air

c

I

.7

ou

are

k

ear

ck

ow

chair

calm

oi

oy

care

bear

truck

kettle

mou se

cow

boy

noise

Page46

a

Comparative and Superlative Endings: -er -ier and -est -iest

Page47

horns

door

board

smarter greedier

funnier funniest

shorter

shortest


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FOCUS: Main Idea and Details

OUTPUT: Report

I h I
wo~ds

desert
sand

to know
t hick
hump

hair
save

feet

protect
dry

transport

Read
Look at the text below. Which paragraph is about ...
a

0

how ca mels help people?

b

0

what ca mels look like?

Read.

Camels ore large, interesting
animals. They hove thicl-11, light
brown hair. Their hair protects them
from the sun. Their big feet help
them wall<~~ on the hot sand. Camels
hove humps on their bocl<~~s. They
save water in their humps, so they
con drinl<~~ in the dry desert.
Unit 1

People use camels for lots of

different things. Camels ore very
strong. They con carry people and
things across the desert. People
also drinl<~~ camels' mill<~~ and use
camels' hair to mol<~~e clothes.
People use camels for transport
in Africa, Asia, and Australia.

How do animals help people?

L___________________________________________________ --- ---

~

•


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Understand

G Read and circle the correct answer.
1 Camels have light brown hair.

Q

~

False

2

Camels have small feet.

True

False

3

Camels are strong.

True

False

q

People use camels' hair to make clothes.

True

False

5

Camels live in America.

True

False

0

Read the text in
and complete the
chart.

carry things
have humps

big feet
drink milk
thick hair make clothes

Camels

What camels look like

How people use camels

big feet

0

Look at the information in <:). Complete the sentences.
1 Camels are safe in the hot sun because they have _---~...~tbu.J.ick
~
h.w..
a·LL

,r__
2

Camels can walk on hot sand because they have _ _ _ _ _ __

3

Camels can save water because they have _ _ _ _ _ __

Ll

People use camels to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ across the desert.

5

People can

6

People can also

from camels' hair.
from camels.

G Think about the information in O.How do camels help people?
Why do you think people use camels in the desert?
How do animals help people?

Unit 1

5


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Think
Think about other animals
that help people. Make a
list of these animals.

Plan
Choose an animal from

a.Read the questions and

complete the Word Web.
1 What is the animal?

2 What does the animal look like?
How does the animal help people?

3

/1

~
2

2

I

I

I

3

3

3

I
3

When we write a report, we divide our text into paragraphs.
In each paragraph, we write the main idea.
Camels are large, interesting animals.
Then we write details about the main idea.
Their hair protects them from the sun.

6

Unit 1

How do animals help people?

' - - - - - - - - --

-

--

-

- - -


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Write

G Now write about your animal. Use your work in 4D to help you.
Then, draw or glue a picture of your animal.

_ _ _ _ _ are - - - - - - - - - - · They have _ _ _ __

They can _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

People use _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

People can _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Edit

Q

Read and check .
. In my

writing~_·._

_ __ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _

How do animals help people?

Unit 1

7


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FOCUS: Cause and Effect

ra•

OUTPUT: Process Text

m

m.

Wor.ds t ·o know
shines

collects

evaporates

cool

droplets

clouds

liquid
rivers

gas
ocean

Read
Look at the text and the diagram. What forms of water can
you see (solid I liquid I gas)? When do you think water
changes form?
Read.

Tne

w~-rer-

Cycle

(r~n,
~
-·
When the sun shines, it heats the
ocean. When the water in the ocean
becomes warm, it evaporates.

This means that it changes from
a liquid to a gas and rises up into
the air. When the water is in the air,
it becomes cool again. It changes

8

Unit 2

Where does rain come from?

into droplets of water. The droplets
become clouds. When the clouds
are full of water, drops of water fall
to the ground. These drops of water
are rain or snow. The water from
rain and snow collects in the rivers
and flows into the ocean.


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Understand

G Match the sentence parts below to make complete sentences.
1 When the sun shines on the ocean, • ' \• a rain falls to the ground.

2 When water becomes warm,

•

•

3 When the water droplets in the
air cool,

•

• c it collects in rivers and

•

• d they become clouds.

•

•

1.1

When the clouds are full of water,

5 When rain or snow falls,

a

Q

Write the numbers from

b the water becomes
warm.
into the ocean.
e it rises up into the air.

G on the diagram.

Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

( cool

air

warm

oceanl

-

1 The sun heats the water in the _ _ _ __
2 Water changes from a liquid to a gas when it is _ _ _ __

3 When water evaporates, it rises into the _ _ _ __
1.1

Q

Water changes from a gas to a liquid when it is _ _ _ __
' ,'

Think about the water cycle. Does it rain
a lot where you live? Where does the
water collect? Why do we need rain?
Where does rain come from?

Unit 2

q


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Think
The ocean is a collection of water. What other collections
of water can you think of? Make a list.

Plan
Choose one of the collections of water in
. Read the
questions and write your answers in the flowchart.
1 What is the collection of water?

( 1 The cycle of a _ _ _ _ _ )

2 What happens when the sun
shines on the water?

2

3 What happens when the water

droplets cool?

3

11 What happens when the clouds
arefullofwater?

( 11
-

-

-

- - -- - -

J

5 What happens when the rain falls? ( 5

-----------------------

Wr.iting focus:--------------~
Cause and effect tell how one event makes another event happen.
The cause is why something happens. The effect is what happens
after the cause.
Cause
c ) Effect
The sun shines on the ocean .
It heats the water in the ocean.

10

Unit 2

Where does rain come from?


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Write
Now write about the cycle of a collection of water. Use your

4D

work in
to help you, and think about cause and effect.
Then, draw a diagram to show the cycle.
The Cycle of a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

When the sun shines, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -When the water - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Edit
Read and check.

an follow a writin

Where does rain come from?

Unit 2

11


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FOCUS: Sequencing

OUTPUT: Report

How are cl the
if e_,I'P'"O'I>
o tha in the pa
Wor.ds to
invent
adults

know~----------......

jeans
popular

formal
casual

material

teenagers

comfortable

styles

Read
( ) Look at the text and the pictures. How are jeans different
now than in the past?

Q

Read.

Long ago, before 1850,

In the 1950s, jeans

men and boys wore

became very popular in

formal pants all the

America. Teenagers and

time. Then about 150

young adults wore jeans

years ago in the U.S.A.,

because they wanted to

a man called Levi

look cool!

Strauss invented jeans.

12

A hundred years ago,

Today, people all over the

a lot of men wore jeans

world wear jeans.They're

to work. They liked jeans

popular because they're

because the material

casual and comfortable.

was very strong. In

Now, you can buy jeans

1900, jeans were

in lots of different colors

always dark blue.

and styles.

Unit 3

How are clothes different now than in the past?


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Understand

G Answer the questions. Write Yes or No.
1 Did Levi Strauss invent jeans in the UK?
2 Were jeans always dark green in 1qoo?

Q

3

Did jeans become popular in the 1qsos?

1.1

Are jeans always dark blue now?

Look at the text in Q. Complete the sentences.

1 A hundred years ago, men liked jeans because _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2 In 1qoo, all jeans looked the same because _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3 In the 1qsos, teenagers wore jeans because _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
1.1 Today, jeans are popular because _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

0

Complete the timeline with the sentences in the box.
A lot of people wear jeans.

Jeans became popular in the U.S.A.

Levi Strauss invented jeans.

Some men wore jeans for work.

1900

Today

.....

I=;>

"'Il

1850

Q

1950

Think. Do you like wearing jeans? Why or why not?
Do you prefer formal or casual clothes?
How are clothes different now than in the past?

Unit 3

13


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Think
Sneakers are also different now than in the past. Look at the
pictures. Which sneakers are the oldest? Which are the newest?

Plan
Writing focus-------------------..
We write about events in history, in sequence - in the order they happened.
We start with the oldest event and finish with the newest event.
Levi Strauss invented jeans 150 years ago.
In 1ClOO, a lot of men wore jeans to work.
In the 1Cl 50s, jeans became popular.
Today, lots of people wear jeans.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

Read the questions and complete the timeline with information
from the pictures in
3 When did they become
popular?

1 When did people invent
sneakers?

2

1.1 What are they like today?

How did they change?
3

1

~
2

11.1

Unit 3

How are clothes different now than in the past?

...

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Write
Now write about sneakers, and how they are different now
than in the past. Use your work in

to help you. You can

draw or glue a picture.

In _________________________________________________
In _________________________________________________
They _______________________________________________

Toda~ -----------------------

Edit

Q

Read and check.

I
1

In my_writing_:,________________

~ ::--------:

---+-~........__,.,_,.c_an_follo_w_a__writing_plan~-------"."------t --~-'-------'

-

--H........~-""-'c
...._.a...._n_._w
.JULL.J
rii..W
te""--'ab_o_ui_pasi_~nis_in_se_quen.CJ....._

-

--H........~-""-'c_an_u_s.e_p_a_silense_\leffislo_wriie_abo_u!_ey_en±s.Jnlh.e_po.s±.

---'-l~_._.c_an_u_se_pr_e..s.__e.ni_iens_e_xerb..s..io

______

--t

!'--~.

write_aho_uLe..\lellisJ10-.W

How are clothes different now than in the past?

Unit 3

15


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FOCUS: Plot

reflection

bone

juicy

shady

pond

tasty

grab

fall

OUTPUT: Story

relax
silly

Read
Look at the pictures. What do you think the story is about?
Read.

It's a sunny afternoon. Dino the dog
is happy because he has a juicy

bone. He's looking for a shady place
to relax and eat his bone.
Dino walks near a pond.
He looks into the water. There's
a dog in the water! The dog in
the water has a bone, too! It
looks very tasty!
Dino is greedy. He opens his mouth
to grab the bone in the water.
But Dino's bone falls into the water!
Now Dino has no bones. He's hungry
and he feels very silly.

16

Unit 11

What happens next?


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Understand

G How does Dino feel in the story? Complete
the sentences with the words in the box.

(

<:)

silly

happy

surprised )

1

Dino feels

when he has a juicy bone.

2

Dino feels

when he sees a dog in the pond.

3 Dino feels

when he tries to grab the bone in the water.

...

when he has no bones .

Dino feels

Think about the story. Number the sentences in the correct order.

0

0
0
0

greedy

Dino wants the bone in the
water.
Dino's bone falls into the
water.
Dino opens his mouth.

[D

0
O

Dino looks for a place to
eat his bone.
Dino walks near a pond.
Dino sees a dog with a
bone in the water.

Now match a sentence from • to a picture below.
Write the numbers.

Q

Think. What do you like or dislike about the story? Tell a
partner what happens in the story. Do you know any
other stories about animals?
What happens next?

Unit 11

17


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Think
What other silly animals can
you think of? Make a list.

Plan
Choose an animal for your story from your list in
Answer the questions and complete the notes.
1 What's the animal in your story?
2 Can you think of a name for your animal?
3 What does your animal like to eat?
1
2

The animal in my story is a - - - - - - - - - - - - - Itsnameis _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____

3

It likes to eat - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Writing focus---------------........_.
When we write a story, we need to think of a plot. The plot is the
sequence of events that happen in the story.

Match the sentences to the pictures. Write the letter next to
the picture. Then number the pictures in order.
a Tiggy sees a tiger and
a fish in the water.
b Tiggy walks near a river.
c

Tiggy the Tiger has a fish.

d Tiggy tries to grab the
fish in the water.

18

Unit ll

What happens next?


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Write
Now write a story about your animal. Use your work in

0

and

to help you. Draw or glue a picture.
The Silly _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

It's a - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ______ nameis _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Edit
Read and check.
- --1__,In
_._.J_Jm
UJ.y_writing_·~_ _ __ _ __ _ _______,
---+--..,.,.....~~J__can

follo_w_a__w_riling_p_La,_._._.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

---.-~.:::--'I_Lc_an_w_riLe___a_sior_y
---1-~.=

--j

with a__ploi._

____,_'F'-'c~-:---------1

_I_c__an_che_c_k_m_y__s_pelli ng__,.._,_,_,~.MLL!...._._..._...._._._,...._._._.__-; E-----=:._What happens next?

1

Unit 11

1q


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FOCUS: Problem and Solution

H w
Wo~ds

n

OUTPUT: Advice Poster

ppy.

to know·---------.....

lonely

join

hobbies

smile

club

helpful

team

interests

invite

find out

Read

C)

Look at the poster. What is the problem? Why is the boy unhappy?
a
b
c

0

D The boy doesn't like sports.
D The boy doesn't like his friends.
D The boy doesn't have any friends.

Read.

I'm at a new school.
I feel lonely. How can
I make new friends?

• ]oi11- tif sdwol dub or sports turm.
You ttifl1- meet pe(}ple with the
stif me i11-terests tif l1tl ha bb ies.

• 8e kind and helpful to people.
Smile and say ''Hello"!

• Be yourself dor~'t char~9e who you are.
• Don't be sca:reci! The other stt.tcients at
!jCTt-u~ schcrcrL are pecrpLe, ju.st like !jCTU..

• Whe11. you k11.ow 11 few people, i11.1ite them
to your house. You'"" wlltch" mo1ie, listen
to music, ""~ fi11.~ out more 11bout your
1f.eW frie1f.~S-

20

Unit 5

How can we be happy?

~-----~--------~


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Understand

G Look at the poster. Match the sentence parts to make
complete sentences.
1 Join

2

Be

3

Smile

...

Don't be

5

Don't

6

Invite

•
•
•
•
•
•

• a at people.
• b change who you are.
• c people to your house.

• d a club.
• e scared.
• f

kind to people.

G Complete the word web with the sentences from a.
2

1

3 Joio a club

I~

( How to

make}/

\. new friends ~

...

~ 6

/
5

0

Think. Do you ever feel lonely or
unhappy? How do you make new
friends? Why do you think friends
are important?
How can we be happy?

Unit 5

21


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Think
Think about these other events. Talk about them with a partner.
" :;~

Do these things ever make you unhappy or worried?

°

•
•

taking tests at school

playing sports or being in a team

•

performing or talking in front of the class

/.~/~~7~;
~y?

0

<-.._'S<~~._ ~ ....

~_:~

Plan
Choose one of the events from the list in
and complete the table.
What is the event?

G.Read the questions

What can you do to feel happier?

Writing focus--------------.._.
When we write a poster giving advice and information,
we can write a problem and solutions.
I feel lonely.
Join a school club or sports team.

Problem
Solution

Look and match the problems and solutions.
My friend
rs angry
with me.

My friend is
moving to
another town.

I'm not very
good at
soccer.

1 Call your friend every week. You can tell him your news.
2

Practice playing soccer on the weekend with a family member.

3 Talk to your friend. You can find out why she is angry.
22

Unit 5

How can we be happy?


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Write
Now write a poster about a problem and some solutions.
Use your work and ideas in
or glue a picture.

a

to help you. You can draw

• -------------------------

•-------------------------

• -----------------------------------------------•-----------------------------------------------Edit

0

Read and check.
- --4-"'"n_rny_wd_ting_:._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _----1
--+--~-= J_c_an__fullo_w_a_writlng_plan~-----::~
- -+-"==

J-f-"-- -____,.(

J_c_an_w_riie__ab_o_u±_a_pLOblem.._ _ _

---1---lo.......a--·Lc._an_w_riie_s_ol_ution.s__io_s__ol_~e

the pmhlem"-----''-=-->o.

How can we be happy?

Unit 5

23