GRAMMAR because và because of

ALTHOUGH – INSPITE OF – DESPITE & BECAUSE – BECAUSE OF
- Nguyên tắc chung cần nhớ là :
Although/ though + mệnh đề
Despite / in spite of + cụm từ
- Các công thức biến đổi từ mệnh đề sang cụm từ như sau:
1) Nếu chủ từ 2 mệnh đề giống nhau: Bỏ chủ từ, động từ thêm ING .
Although Tom got up late, he got to school on time. => Despite / in spite of getting up late, Tom got to school on time.
2) Nếu chủ từ là danh từ + be + tính từ: Đem tính từ đặt trước danh từ ,bỏ to be
Although the rain is heavy,……. => Despite / in spite of the heavy rain, ……
3) Nếu chủ từ là đại từ + be + tính từ: Đổi đại từ thành sỡ hửu ,đổi tính từ thành danh từ ,bỏ be
Although He was sick,……..=> Despite / in spite of his sickness,…….
4) Nếu chủ từ là đại từ + động từ + trạng từ: Đổi đại từ thành sở hữu, động từ thành danh từ ,trạng từ thành tính từ đặt
trước danh từ
Although He behaved impolitely,…..=> Despite / in spite of his impolite behavior ,………
5) Nếu câu có dạng: “There be + danh từ” Hoặc “S + have + N” => Thì bỏ “there be”
Although there was an accident ,…..=> Despite / in spite of an accident,……
 Công thức này cũng áp dụng cho biến đổi từ BECAUSE -> BECAUSE OF
BÀI TẬP 1: Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well. => In spite of ……
2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick. => Because of ….
3) Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time. => Despite ….
4) My mother told me to go to school although I was sick. => In spite of ….
5) Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home. => Because of ….
6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad. => Despite ….
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman. => Despite ….
8) In spite of his god salary, Tom gave up his job. => Although…
9) Though he had not finished the paper, he went to sleep. => In spite of ……
10) In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies. => Even though ……
BÀI TẬP 2 :
1) Many people began to wearing jeans because they were cheap. => Because of……..
2 ) Since he was careless, Tom lost the game. => Because of……..

3) Although she behaves well, no one loves her. => Despite……..
4) Because of the cold weather, the crops are late this year. => Because ……..
5) Mary was worried because Tom was late. => Because of……..
6) Tom walked slowly because his leg was bad. => Because of……..
7) I came here because I want the English course. => Because of……..
8) I went to school although it was hot. => Despite……..
9) Because the dust in the room, I can’t go in. => Because of……..
10) Because of too much smoke, we have to wear masks. => Because ……..
ĐÁP ÁN BÀI TẬP 1 :
1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
=> In spite of being a poor student, Tom studied very well
2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick.
 Because of being sick, Mary couldn’t go to school
3) Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.
=> Despite the bad weather, she went to school on time
4) My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.

ĐÁP ÁN BÀI TẬP 2:
1) Many people began to wearing jeans because they were
cheap.
=> Because of the cheapness of jeans, many people began
to wearing them
2 ) Since he was careless, Tom lost the game.
=> Because of Tom’s carelessness, he lost the game
3) Although she behaves well, no one loves her.


=> In spite of my sickness, my mother told me to go to school
5) Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home.
=> Because of a big storm, I stayed at home

6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
 Despite Tom’s bad grade, he was admitted to the university
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful
woman.
=> Despite her physical handicap, she has become a successful
woman
8) In spite of his good salary, Tom gave up his job.
=> Although Tom got a good salary, he gave up his job
9) Though he had not finished the paper, he went to sleep.
=> In spite of having not finished the paper, he went to sleep
10) In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the
movies.
=> Even though the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to
the movies

=> Despite her good behaviour, no one loves her
4) Because of the cold weather, the crops are late this year.
=> Because the weather is cold, the crops are late this year
5) Mary was worried because Tom was late.
=> Because of Tom’s lateness, Mary was worried
6) Tom walked slowly because his leg was bad.
=> Because of Tom’s bad leg, he walked slowly
7) I came here because I want the English course.
=> Because of wanting the English course, I came here
8) I went to school although it was hot.
=> Despite the hot weather, I went to school
9) Because of the dust in the room, I can’t go in.
=> Because there is the dust in the room, I can’t go in.
10) Because of too much smoke, we have to wear masks .
=> Because there is a lot of smoke, we have to wear masks

BECAUSE / BECAUSE OF * ALTHOUGH / DESPITE
1. Because +

S (pronoun) + be

+

adj …..

 Because of

+ Possessive

+

Noun

Because she was ill, she couldn’t go to school
 Because of her illness, she couldn’t go to school.
2. Because +
 Because of

S (noun)

+ the

+

be

adj …..

+

+ adj

+

Noun

Because the weather was hot, I couldn’t sleep well.
 Because of the hot weather, I couldn’t sleep well.
3. Because +

S (pronoun) +

 Because of

+ Possessive

VERB

adv …..

+

+ adj

+

Noun

Because she behaves well, everyone loves her.
 Because of her good behavior, everyone loves her.
4. Because + (S+ have) THERE + BE + (a /an) +
ADJ + NOUN
 Because of
+
(a/an) +
ADJ + Noun
5. Because +

S (Pronoun) + TO BE

 Because of +

Possessive

+

ADVERB +

ADJ

+

+

ADJ

Because she is extremely beautiful, everyone admires her.
 Because of her extreme beauty, everyone admire her.

Noun


6. Because +

S (Noun)

 Because of + the Noun

7. Because +

(V3)

S (Noun) +

 Because of + a/ an/ the

+

TO BE

+

V3

+

of

+

Noun

VERB

(ADJ)

+

+ (ADVERB)

NOUN

+ of + Noun (Noun)

Because this boy behaved kindly, I love him so much.
 Because of the kind behavior of this boy, I love him so much.
8. Because + S1 (Noun/ Pronoun)
 Because of + possessive

+

+ (not)

VERB


+ O …., S2 +V2 +… (S1 # S2)

Ving

+ O …., S2 +V2 +… (S1 # S2)

1. Although she was ill, she went to school.  In spite of ...............................................................................
2. He didn’t come because he was sick.  He didn’t come because of ............................................................
3. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.  Despite...............................................................................
4. The train was late because the fog was thick.  Because of.........................................................................
5. I accepted the job although the salary was low.  In spite of .......................................................................
6. The plane couldn’t take off because the weather was bad.  Because of.....................................................
7. She stays at home because her mother was sick.  Because of ...................................................................
8. He didn’t leave school even though his family was poor.  Despite ..........................................................
9. All the teachers love him because his conduct is good. Because of .........................................................
10. The flight was not delayed though it was foggy.  Despite .......................................................................
11. We couldn’t study because it was noisy. Because of ...............................................................................
12. Even though it was cold, I went swimming.  In spite of ..........................................................................
13. These students didn’t arrive late although there was the traffic jam.  Despite.........................................
14. Mary can’t sleep because there was the noise.  Because of .....................................................................
15. She didn’t get ill though she worked very hard. In spite of .....................................................................
16. His wife usually gives him a list because he often forgets things.  Because of .......................................
17. Though he had much experience, he didn’t succeed in repairing the machine.  Despite .........................
18. Though Kid has failed so often, he has never been disappointed.  Despite .............................................
19. Though I hadn’t eaten anything for 24 hours, I didn’t feel hungry.  In spite of.......................................


20. He ate all the fruits though they were green.  He ate all the fruits despite ...............................................
21. He left school because his life was hard.  Because of ..............................................................................

22. Although he hadn’t finished the paper, he went to sleep.  Despite ..........................................................
23. He is dismissed because of being late for work often.  Because ..............................................................
24. Because of driving too fast, he caused a serious accident.  Because .......................................................
25. Although the streets are narrow, many people drive cars in this city.  In spite of ...................................
26. Because he got up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.  Because of....................................................
27. Although he is strong, I’m not afraid of him.  In spite of ........................................................................
28. My neighbor couldn’t return home because of losing all of his money. Because ...................................
29. He carried the bed onto the roof of his house because of the hot weather.  Because ...............................
30. I can sleep although it is hot.  In spite of..................................................................................................
31. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.  I couldn’t do the test because of .....................................
32. He always studies hard though he encounters difficulties.  Despite ........................................................
33. Because of not knowing Russian, I’ve had to have the document translated into French. Because .......
34. Although it got dark, they continued to work.  In spite of .......................................................................
35. Although he’s got an English name, he is in fact German. Despite .........................................................
36. Because of having an accident, these students arrived late. Because.......................................................
37. Nick is often punished because he is lazy.  Because of ...........................................................................
38. We bought the house though its rooms were small. We bought the house despite ..................................
39. The accident happened because of his being negligent in his driving.  Because .....................................
40. Karen works on Sundays because she gets paid extra.  Because of .........................................................
41. Although he had planned everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong.  Despite .............................
42. She ate much because of her hunger.  Because .......................................................................................
43. Although the prices are high, my daughters insist on going to the movie.  Despite ................................
44. We didn’t go fishing because the water was rough.  Because of .............................................................
45. Although they study hard, they can’t get good marks.  In spite of ..........................................................
46. In spite of her telling the truth, the policeman didn’t believe her.  Even though .....................................
47. Because there were the obstacles, the building didn’t go along as planned.  Because of ........................
48. Because of not hearing the speaker, I moved to the front row.  Because ................................................