Practice Test

English-grade11-U9-U12-2008- page 1
UNIT 10 NATURE IN DANGER
GLOSSARY
1. ban [bæn] ( to ban sb. from sth. / doing sth.) cấm ai làm điều gì
2. blame [bleim] ( to blame sb. for sth.; to blame sth. on sb.) khiển trách, đổ lỗi
3. cheetah ['t∫i:tə] loài báo gêpa
4. co-exist ['kouig'zist] ( to coexist with sb.) cùng tồn tại  coexistence (n)
5. consequence ['kɔnsikwəns] hậu quả, kết quả
 to take the consequence of something: chịu hậu quả của việc gì
 in consequence of something: do kết quả của điều gì
 it's of no consequence: cái đó không có gì quan trọng; cái đó chả thành vấn đề
 by way of consequences; in consequences: vì thế, vậy thì, như vậy thì
6. cultivation [,kʌlti'vei∫n] sự cày cấy, sự trồng trọt
7. devastating ['devəsteitiη] tàn phá, phá huỷ, phá phách
8. dinosaur ['dainəsɔ:] khủng long
9. discharge [dis't∫ɑ:dʒ] phun ra, đổ ra, thải ra
10.discourage [dis'kʌridʒ] làm mất hết can đảm, làm chán nản, làm ngã lòng, làm nản lòng ( sb.
from doing sth.) can ngăn (ai làm việc gì)
11.endanger [in'deind əʒ (r)] gây nguy hiểm
12.extinct [iks'tiηkt] tuyệt giống, tuyệt chủng  extinction (n)
13.fur [fə:]lông thú
14.interference [,intə'fiərəns]( interference in / with sth.) sự can thiệp; sự xen vào; sự xía vào
15.maintenance ['meintinəns] sự giữ gìn; sự duy trì  maintain (v)
16. midway ['mid'wei] (midway between sth. and sth.) ở giữa; ở nửa đường
17.panda ['pændə] gấu trúc (như) giant panda
18. pesticide ['pestisaid] thuốc diệt loài gây hại, thuốc trừ sâu
19.rare [reə] hiếm; hiếm thấy; hiếm có; ít có
 rarity (n)
20. recreation [,rekri'ei∫n] sự nghỉ ngơi, sự giải trí, sự tiêu khiển
21. respect [ri'spekt] khía cạnh, phương diện
22.survival [sə'vaivl] sự sống sót; sự tồn tại; người còn lại; vật sót lại; tàn dư, tàn tích

 survive (v)
23.wild [waild] dại, hoang dã  in the wild : môi trường tự nhiên
The human race is only one small species of beings in the living world. Many other species exist on this
planet. However, human beings have a great influence on the rest of the world. They are changing the
environment by building cities and villages where forests once stood. They are affecting the water
supply by using water for industry and agriculture. They are changing weather conditions by cutting
down trees in the forests. And they are destroying the air by adding pollutants to it.
It can be said that human beings are changing the environment in all respects through their actions and
by their habits. This has resulted in two serious consequences. The first is that many kinds of rare
animals are killed. The second is that the environment where these animals are living is badly destroyed.
As a result, the number of rare animals is decreasing so rapidly that they are in danger of becoming
extinct.
In order to make sure that these rare animals do not disappear, efforts have been made to protect
endangered nature. Scientists have made lists of endangered species and suggested ways to save them.
Many organisations have been set up and funds have been raised. Thousands of national parks all over
the world have been established to protect endangered animals. Laws have been introduced to prohibit
the killing of endangered animals and the destruction of the environments where these rare animals are
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living.
If people's interference with the environment decreases, more species will survive and produce off-
spring. The Earth will be a happy planet where human beings, animals and plants peacefully coexist.
Task 1. The words in the box all appear in the passage. Fill each blank with a suitable word.
pollutants, interferences, protect, endangered, decrease, extinct
1. Dinosaurs became _____millions of years ago.
2. She tried to _____ herself from the wind.
3. It is time governments of the developing countries should do something to ____ the
population growth.
4. The chemical ______ from cars and factories make the air, water and soil dangerously
dirty.
5. 5. The blue whale is a(n) _____ species.

6. With the _____ of human beings, many animals have become extinct.
Task 2. Circle A, B, C or D that best states the main idea of each paragraph.
1. Paragraph 1
A. Human beings need to grow food.
B. Human beings pollute the environment.
C. Human beings interfere with nature.
D. People should stop living in cities and villages.
2. Paragraph 2
A. Many animals are disappearing.
B. Human beings are responsible for the changes in the environment.
C. People are in danger of becoming extinct.
D. Endangered species include human race.
3. Paragraph 3
A. Human beings have made efforts to protect endangered nature.
B. Scientists have made a long list of endangered species.
C. People should be kept away from animals and plants.
D. Rare animals do not disappear.
4. Paragraph 4
A. The survival of endangered species
B. The Earth - a happy planet
C. Conditions for a peaceful co-existence
D. People's interference with the environment
Task 3.
Answer the questions
1. What are the four ways by which human beings are changing the world?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. What are the serious consequences of people’s interference with the environment?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. What has been done to protect the environment?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
GRAMMAR FOCUS
RELATIVE CLAUSES
Exercise 1. Choose the suitable italicised words to complete the following sentences.
1. To who/whom it may concern.
2. It was a service for which/that I will be grateful.
3. The success of a shared holiday depends on who/whom you share it with.
4. Do you like the person who/whom sits next to you?
5. Midway through the second half Manchester United scored their third goal, at that/which point Leeds
United gave up completely.
6. There is one person to whom/who I owe more than I can say.
7. It was the kind of accident for which/that nobody was really to blame.
Exercise 2. Combine the following sentences, using preposition + whom or which.
Examples:
She is the woman. I told you about her.
- She is the woman about whom I told you.
The song was interesting. We listened to it last night.
- The song to which we listened last night was interesting.
1. The man was very kind. I talked to him yesterday.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. The man works in the hospital. I told you about him.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. The woman teaches me English. I am telling you about her.
………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. The movie is fantastic. They are talking about it.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. The picture was beautiful. She was looking at it.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
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6. I'll give you the address. You should write to it.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 3. Complete the following sentences, using who, whom, which or that.
1. It was a kind of computer with _________ I was not familiar.
2. Do you get on with the person ________ lives next-door?
3. I must thank the man from __________ I got the present.
4. The meeting to _________ I went was interesting.
5. The person ___________ did it was never caught.
6. That's the girl to _________ Jim used to be married.
MORE EXERCISES
I. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verb in the box.
endanger , scatter, coexist, pollute, capture, devastate, discharge, prohibit, survive, protect
1. Many birds didn't ____________ the severe winter.
2. Animals shouldn't be ____________ for recreation and entertainment.
3. The health of our children are being ____________ by exhaust fumes.
4. The factory was fined for ____________ chemicals into the river.
5. The explosion ____________ a flock of birds roosting in the trees.
6. Laws have been introduced to ____________ killing endangered animals.
7. The air in the city is heavily ____________ with traffic fumes.
8. The government should do more to ____________ the environment.
9. It is possible for local wildlife to ____________ with industry.
10. Western India was ____________ by a huge earthquake.
II. Combine the following pairs or groups of sentences by means of relative pronouns, making any
changes necessary.
1. Her many friends gave her encouragement. I like to be considered among them.

Her many friends …………………………………………………………………..
2. Her father died last year. She looked after him for over twenty years.
Her father ……………………………………………………….
3. The bed has no mattress. I sleep on this bed.
The bed ……………………………………………………….
4. There wasn't any directory in the telephone box. I was phoning from this box.
There wasn't ……………………………………………………….
5. I was sitting on a chair. It suddenly collapsed.
The chair ……………………………………………………….
6. Mr. Smith said he was too busy to speak to me. I had come specially to see him.
Mr. Smith ……………………………………………………….
7. I saw several houses. Most of them were quite unsuitable.
I ……………………………………………………….
8. Graham took us to his office. It was filled with books.
The office ……………………………………………………….
9. Mr. Marks is unhappy about the plans for the new dam. The stream flows across his farm.
Mr. Marks ……………………………………………………….
10. They picked up five boat-loads of refugees. Some of them had been at sea for several months.
They ……………………………………………………….
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11. Tom came to the party in patched jeans. This surprised the other guests. Most of the other guests
were wearing evening dress.
Tom ……………………………………………………….
12. The people didn't know French. He was speaking to these people.
The people ……………………………………………………….
13. Mr. Jones was very generous about overtime payments. I was working for him.
Mr. Jones ……………………………………………………….
14. The Roman coins are now on display in the National Museum. A local farmer came across them in a
field.
The Roman coins ……………………………………………………….

15. Professor Johnson is to visit the University next week. I have long looked up to him
Professor Johnson ……………………………………
III. Complete each of the sentences with an appropriate preposition.
1. A number of rare animals are now in danger _____ extinction.
2. If people's interference _____ the environment decreases, more species will survive and produce off-
spring.
3. The government should do more to protect rare animals _____ being extinct.
4. She believes there is life _____ other planets.
5. The EU has imposed a ban _____ the import of seal skins.
6. People are destroying the air by adding pollutants _____ it.
7. Human beings are responsible _____ the changes in the environment.
8. They are changing weather conditions by cutting _____ trees in the forests.
9. National parks should be set _____ to save animals and plants.
10. Raw sewage was discharged _____ the treatment plant directly _____ the river.
TEST 10
A. PHONOLOGY
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from those of the rest.
1. A. clerk B. service C. press D. herd
2. A. postal B. mouse C. disk D. controls
3. A. curtain B. judgment C. junction D. construct
Choose the word which has a different stress pattern.
4. A. malformation B. commemorate C. environment D. community
5. A. fireplace B. chimney C. approach D. dragon
6. a. endanger b. disappear c. prohibit d. destruction
7. a. extinct b. human c. species d. planet
8. a. respect b. effort c. exist d. supply
9. a. condition b. pollutant c. however d. influence
10. a. action b. habit c. danger d. survive
B. READING COMPREHENSION
I. Read the text and do the task that follows.

YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK
Yosemite National Park became America's first state park in 1864. Compared to other protected
areas, Yosemite Valley is quite small, about seven miles long and a mile wide, small enough anyway for
John Muir, the conservationist and founder of Sierra Club, to explore the entire area on foot. But within
its narrow confines are some of the most impressive cliffs, valleys, meadows, waterfalls, and flora and