bai tap tieng anh lop 12 unit 7 economic reforms so 1 co dap an

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ECONOMIC REFORMS
TEST 1
Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
1. a. economic

b. experience

c. entertainment

d. introduction

2. a. achievement b. communist

c. constantly

d. government

3. a. heavy

b. major

c. program

d. reform

4. a. production

b. consumer

c. domestic

5. a. hospital

b. inflation

c. policy

d. business
d. constantly

Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished sentence, substitutes the underlined part, or has
a close meaning to the original one.
6. It is quite important _______ me to get on and think.
a. of

b to

c. on

d. with

7. If you think you may be allergic to a food or drink, eliminate it _______ your diet.
a. for

b. without

c. from

d. on

8. The new policies include cutting _______ subsidies and trade barriers.
a. agriculture

b. agricultural c. agriculturalist

d. agriculturally

9. The control of _______ has been carried out through measures rooted in monetarism.
a. inflate

b. inflationist

c. inflation

d. inflator

10. It is often a good idea to start with small, easily _______ goals.
a. achieve

b. achievement c. achievable

d. achiever

11. Economic reforms began in the Soviet Union in June 1985 by the Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to
_______ the Soviet economy.
a. repair

b. reproduce

c. restructure

d. reply

12. After more than a decade of Doi Moi or economic _______, the Vietnamese Communist government has
achieved diplomatic and economic links with numerous foreign partners.
a. relation

b. investment

c. productivity

d. renovation

13. For more than 20 years, the Vietnamese government has pursued the open-door _______ and continued to
woo foreign investment.
a. policy

b. way

c. export

d. guideline

14. After a decade of economic liberalization, Vietnam has seen a dramatic rise in living _______ in urban
areas.
a. surface

b. standards

c. levels

d. backgrounds


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15. _______ laws and regulations which impose restrictions on any rights should be revised to comply with
international law.
a. Domestic

b. Program

c. Encouraged

d. Expanding

16. These new economic reforms have allowed for international _______ and development in the country.
a. pay

b. renovation

c. investment

d. opportunity

17. In 2001 _______ Vietnamese Communist Party approved a 10-year economic plan that enhanced the role
of the, private sector while reaffirming the primacy of the state.
a. a

b. an

c. the

d. Ø

18. It would also concomitantly attract foreign investment to Vietnam, not only from ____ U.S., but also from
____ Europe, Asia, and other regions.
a. Ø/ the

b. the/ the

c. Ø/ an

d. the/ Ø

19. _______ some German and British management styles are similar, there are many differences between
them.
a. In spite

b. In spite of

c. Despite the fact that

d. Despite

20. I could not eat _______ I was very hungry.
a. even though

b. in spite

c. despite

d. in spite the fact that

21. In spite _______, the baseball game was not cancelled.
a. the rain

b. of the rain

c. it was raining d. there was a rain

22. _______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
a. In spite

b. In spite of

c. Despite

d. Although

23. _______, he walked to the station.
a. Despite being tired
c. In spite being tired

b. Although to be tired
d. Despite tired

24. The children slept well, despite _______.
a. it was noise

b. the noise

c. of the noise

d. noisy

25. She left him _______ she still loved him.
a. even if

b. even though c. in spite of

d. despite

26. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
a. In spite

b. Even though c. In spite of

d. Despite of

27. _______ they are brothers, they do not look like.
a. Although

b. Even

c. Despite

d. In spite of

28. We are concerned with the problem of energy resources _______ we must also think of our environment.
a. despite

b. though

c. as though

d. but


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29. _______ some Japanese women are successful in business, the majority of Japanese companies are run by
men.
a. But

b. Even if

c. If

d. As though

30. The teams played on in spite of the rain.
a. even if

b. if

c. in case

d. notwithstanding

Error Identification
31. The term economic reform refers to policies directing by the

A

B (directed)

government to achieve improvements in economic efficiency.
C

D

32. Economic reform usually refers to actions of the government to improve
A

B

C

efficiency in economy markets.
D (economic)
33. Economic reform has dominated Australian economic policy from
A

B

the early 1980s until the end of the 20th century. (dominated)
C

D

34. The goal of Chinese economic reform was to generating sufficient
A

B (generate)

surplus value to finance the modernization of the mainland Chinese economy.
C

D

35. Economic reforms started since 1986 in Vietnam have helped millions
A

B

of people to be out of poverty and bringing the poverty rate down.
C

D (bring)

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.
Vietnam is a densely-populated, developing country that in the last 30 years has had to recover from the
ravages of war. Substantial progress was achieved from1986 to 1997 in moving forward from an extremely
low level of development and significantly reducing poverty.
Since 2001, Vietnamese authorities have reaffirmed their commitment to economic liberalization and
international integration. They have moved to implement the structural reforms needed to modernize the
economy and to produce more competitive, export-driven industries. .


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Vietnam's membership in the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) and entry into force of the US-Vietnam
Bilateral Trade Agreement in December 2001.have led to even more rapid changes in Vietnam's trade and

economic regime. Vietnam's exports to the US doubled in 2002 and again in 2003.
Vietnam joined the WTO (World Trade Organization) in January 2007, following over a decade long
negotiation process. This should provide ail important boost to the economy and should help to ensure the
continuation of liberalizing reforms.
Vietnam is working to create jobs to meet the challenge of a labor force that is growing by more than one
million people every year. Vietnamese authorities have tightened monetary and fiscal policies to stem high
inflation. Hanoi is targeting an economic growth rate of 7.5-8% during the next five years.
36. Vietnam's economy is _______.
a. decreasing

b. facing crisis

c. developing

d. backward

37. According to the text, Vietnam _______.
a. used to be well-developed before 1986
b. Vietnam is still in extreme poverty
c. could recover from the consequences of the war soon
d. has been modernizing the economy
38. Vietnam _______.
a. does not export anything to the US
b. exported to the US in 2003 twice as much goods as in 2002
c. did not export goods to the US in 2002
d. did not export goods to the US in 2003
39. The word This refers to _______.
a. Vietnam's joining the WTO
c. the negotiating process

b. the WTO

d. the Vietnamese economy

40. The word stem has a close meaning to _______.
a. succeed

b. stop

c. originate

d. invrease

Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.
Vietnam is considered a third world country, its people live (41) _____ poverty by the millions. After the
(42) _____, Vietnam's economy remained dominated by small-scale production, low labor productivity, (43)
_____, material and technological shortfalls, and insufficient food and (44) _____ goods. The Doi Moi
reforms that were instated in 1986 have shed new light and added new features to the Vietnamese economy.
(45) ____ Vietnamese Communist Party plays a leading role in establishing the foundations and principles of
communism, mapping strategies for economic development, setting growth targets, and (46) _____ reforms.


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Doi Moi combined government planning with free-market incentives and (47) _____ the establishment of
private businesses and foreign investment, including foreign-owned enterprises. By the late 1990s, the success
of the business and agricultural reforms ushered in under Doi Moi was evident. (48) _____ than 30,000
private businesses had been created, and the economy was growing at an annual (49) _____ of more than 7
percent. Farming systems research and the international development projects are a source of new hope for the
people of Vietnam. If these recent projects are successful and Doi Moi continues on its current path the
Vietnamese people may (50) _____ a new standard of living. More reforms like Doi Moi need to take place in

order to create a more stable Vietnamese future.
41. a. for

b. in

c. on

d. of

42. a. liberate

b. liberation

c. liberator

d. liberal

43. a. application

b. salary

c. profession

d. unemployment

44. a. consumer

b. producer

c. spender

d. manufacturer

45. a. A

b. An

c. The

d. Ø

46. a. launching

b. flying

c. sending

d. raising

47. a. found

b. promised

c. required

d. encouraged

48. a. Much

b. More

c. As

d. As more

49. a. rate

b. level

c. standard

d. step

50. a. come

b. approach

c. reach

d. arrive