Test bank consumer behavior 10e schiffman kanuk chapter 11

Consumer Behavior, 10e (Schiffman/Kanuk)
Chapter 11 The Influence of Culture on Consumer Behavior
1) Given the broad and pervasive nature of ________, its study generally requires a detailed
examination of the character of the total society.
A) culture
B) consumer behavior
C) subculture
D) social class
E) individualism
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 348
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors
2) ________ is a society's personality.
A) Social class
B) Culture
C) Conformity
D) Consumer behavior
E) Subculture
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 348
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors
3) In terms of consumer behavior, ________ is defined as the sum total of learned beliefs, values,
and customs that serve to direct the consumer behavior of members of a particular society.
A) conformity
B) individualism
C) culture
D) society
E) subculture

Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 348
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors

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4) ________ consist of the very large number of mental or verbal statements that reflect a
person's particular knowledge and assessment of something.
A) Beliefs
B) Rituals
C) Cultures
D) Values
E) Customs
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 348
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors
5) Kim is actively saving money so that she can afford a downpayment on the purchase of a
house because she thinks that home ownership is the key to creating wealth. This personal
conviction in the value of home ownership is one of Kim's ________.
A) beliefs
B) rituals
C) cultures
D) norms
E) customs
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 348

Skill: Application
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors
6) Values differ from beliefs because they ________.
A) serve as a guide for culturally appropriate behavior
B) are relatively large in number
C) are passing and easy to change
D) are tied to specific objects or situations
E) are narrowly accepted by a small number of members of a society
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 348
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors

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7) ________ are overt modes of behavior that constitute culturally approved or acceptable ways
of behaving in specific situations.
A) Beliefs
B) Rituals
C) Cultures
D) Values
E) Customs
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 348
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors
8) Greg and his brothers always put ketchup on their scrambled eggs at breakfast. This is an

example of a ________.
A) belief
B) ritual
C) culture
D) value
E) custom
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 348
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors
9) ________ consist of everyday or routine behavior.
A) Beliefs
B) Rituals
C) Cultures
D) Values
E) Customs
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 348
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors
10) When do we become most aware of how culture has molded our own behavior?
A) when we are reminded of it on a daily basis
B) when we are adding ketchup to our hotdog
C) as we are growing up and being guided by our parents
D) when we are exposed to people with different values and customs
E) in school as we learn about what to do, and how and why to do it
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 349
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Concept

Objective: 11.2: Understand how culture acts as an "invisible hand" that guides consumptionrelated attitudes, values, and behavior
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11) Whereas ________ are guides for behavior, ________ are usual and acceptable ways of
behaving.
A) customs; beliefs
B) beliefs; values
C) customs; values
D) beliefs and values; customs
E) customs; beliefs and values
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 348
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors
12) Culture can exist and sometimes reveal itself at different perceived or subjective levels. The
________ level reflects the underlying dimensions of culture that impact multiple cultures or
different societies.
A) supernational
B) supranational
C) subnational
D) national
E) group
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 349
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.2: Understand how culture acts as an "invisible hand" that guides consumptionrelated attitudes, values, and behavior
13) Culture can exist and sometimes reveal itself at different perceived or subjective levels. The

________ level refers to shared core values, customs, personalities, and predispositional factors
that tend to capture the essence of the character of the citizens of a particular country.
A) supernational
B) supranational
C) subnational
D) national
E) group
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 349
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.2: Understand how culture acts as an "invisible hand" that guides consumptionrelated attitudes, values, and behavior

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14) Insights on what is suitable to wear for a specific occasion, and other dress codes, are
something we learn through ________.
A) travel
B) culture
C) values
D) technical learning
E) consumer behavior
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 351
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.3: Understand how culture sets standards for what satisfies consumers' needs
15) The preference for lower classes for goods with an external point of identification constitutes
a cultural difference on the ________ level.
A) supranational

B) national
C) individual
D) reference
E) group
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 349
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.2: Understand how culture acts as an "invisible hand" that guides consumptionrelated attitudes, values, and behavior
16) Cultural beliefs, values and customs continue to be followed as long as ________.
A) we learn new ones from other cultures
B) that culture exists
C) they are similar to other cultures, beliefs and values
D) they yield satisfaction and other benefits
E) a society's members speak a common language
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 351
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.3: Understand how culture sets standards for what satisfies consumers' needs

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17) Jake learned what brands of food to buy at the grocery store by going grocery shopping with
his mother as a child. This constitutes ________.
A) formal learning
B) media learning
C) informal learning

D) televised learning
E) technical learning
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 352
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
18) Carla learned how to go about shopping for a new car when her father specifically sat her
down and told her what to look for at dealerships and how to negotiate the best price. This
constitutes ________.
A) formal learning
B) media learning
C) informal learning
D) televised learning
E) technical learning
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 352
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
19) Product advertisements typically influence their audiences through ________.
A) formal learning
B) media learning
C) informal learning
D) televised learning
E) technical learning
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 353
AACSB: Communication
Skill: Concept

Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

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20) The learning of one's own culture is known as ________.
A) acculturation
B) exculturation
C) proculturation
D) inculcation
E) enculturation
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 353
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
21) The learning of a new or foreign culture is known as ________.
A) acculturation
B) exculturation
C) proculturation
D) inculcation
E) enculturation
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 353
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
22) When marketers plan to sell their products in foreign or multinational markets, they must go

through a process of ________ in order to ensure that their products and marketing messages are
suitable for the foreign culture.
A) acculturation
B) exculturation
C) proculturation
D) inculcation
E) enculturation
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 353
AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

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23) In order to acquire a common culture, members of a society must have a common ________.
A) religion
B) language
C) history
D) goal
E) ethnicity
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 354
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

24) The Nike Swoosh and the Coca-Cola label design are examples of ________.
A) nonverbal symbols
B) acculturation
C) verbal symbols
D) technical learning
E) enculturation
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 354
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
25) A ________ is anything that stands for something else.
A) verbal communication
B) nonverbal communication
C) symbol
D) ritualistic behavior
E) culture
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 354
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

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26) Price and channels of distribution are significant ________ of the marketer and the
marketer's product.
A) verbal communications

B) rituals
C) cultures
D) symbols
E) enculturations
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 355
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
27) A ________ is a type of symbolic activity consisting of a series of steps occurring in a fixed
sequence and repeated over time.
A) communication
B) ritual
C) symbol
D) culture
E) target
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 355
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
28) From a marketing standpoint, it is not the ritual that is important, but the ________.
A) result of the ritualistic behavior on society
B) outcome of the ritual
C) consistency of the ritual over time
D) artifacts that are associated with the performance of the ritual
E) the pervasiveness of the ritual in the society
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 355

AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

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29) Cards, presents, cakes, and candles are ________ for birthday rituals.
A) artifacts
B) values
C) beliefs
D) symbols
E) cultures
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 356, Table 11.2
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
30) Towels, exercise clothes, water, and portable music players are ________ for going to the
gym.
A) symbols
B) customs
C) ritual artifacts
D) beliefs
E) values
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 356, Table 11.2
Skill: Application

Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
31) The ________ serves as the primary agent for enculturation.
A) teacher
B) media
C) religions institution
D) family
E) educational institution
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 356
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

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32) Within a cultural context, advertising has the expanded mission of ________.
A) generating new consumer needs
B) acculturating the young
C) enhancing consumer awareness of the needs of others
D) replacing the family as the primary vehicle for consumer socialization
E) aiding in the dissemination of new tastes, habits, and customs
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 357
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

33) Studying societies via analysis of the content of verbal, written, and pictorial
communications is known as ________.
A) value measurement
B) consumer fieldwork
C) participant observation
D) field observation
E) content analysis
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 358
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.5: Understand how consumers are always adapting to culture-related experiences
34) A study of more than 250 ads appearing in eight issues of Seventeen magazine, four Japanese
issues, and four American issues, found that teenage girls are portrayed differently. The
researcher concluded that these "differences correspond to each country's central concepts of self
and society." This study is an example of ________.
A) value measurement
B) consumer fieldwork
C) participant observation
D) field observation
E) content analysis
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 358
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.5: Understand how consumers are always adapting to culture-related experiences

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35) When anthropologists immerse themselves in the environment under study, this technique is

called ________.
A) value measurement
B) depth interviews
C) participant observation
D) group observation
E) content analysis
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 359
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.6: Understand how the impact of culture on consumer behavior is measured
36) Hype Mobile Phones wants to learn how consumers decide which mobile phones to
purchase, so it places researchers in mobile phone stores and has them pose as sales people. In
this example, researchers are ________.
A) third-party observers
B) actors
C) participant-observers
D) active researchers
E) imitators
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 359
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.6: Understand how the impact of culture on consumer behavior is measured
37) The ________ is a widely used self-administered value inventory that is divided into
terminal and instrumental value items.
A) Rokeach Value Survey
B) List of Values
C) VALS
D) Chapin's Value Structure Scale
E) Attitude Toward Helping Others Scale
Answer: A

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 360
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.6: Understand how the impact of culture on consumer behavior is measured

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38) ________ are personal goals, while ________ are the basic approaches that an individual
might take to achieve those goals.
A) Instrumental values; terminal values
B) Social values; core values
C) Core values; cultural values
D) Terminal values, instrumental values
E) Cultural values; terminal values
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 360
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.6: Understand how the impact of culture on consumer behavior is measured
39) Within cultural values, self-esteem and social recognition are examples of ________.
A) instrumental values
B) core values
C) cultural values
D) social values
E) terminal values
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 360
AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Skill: Application
Objective: 11.6: Understand how the impact of culture on consumer behavior is measured
40) The Protestant work ethic, which considers hard work to be wholesome, spiritually
rewarding, and an appropriate end in itself, is one of the roots of the American value of
________.
A) efficiency
B) achievement
C) practicality
D) activity
E) success
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 361
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers

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41) In an American cultural context, whereas ________ is its own direct award, ________
implies an extrinsic reward.
A) success; achievement
B) activity; success
C) achievement; success
D) achievement; efficiency
E) success; efficiency
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 361
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Concept

Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
42) Which of the following American core values serves as a social and moral justification for
the acquisition of goods and services in a context such as "you worked for it," or "you deserve
it?"
A) materialism
B) progress
C) achievement and success
D) external conformity
E) individualism
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 361
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
43) Americans place an extraordinary amount of importance on being involved and keeping
busy. This is a widely accepted core value that relates to ________.
A) achievement and success
B) freedom
C) efficiency and practicality
D) activity
E) external conformity
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 361
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers

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44) Verve shampoo has come out with a new hair-care product that is a shampoo and conditioner
in one, so consumers can wash and condition their hair in one easy step. This product appeals to
Americans' value of ________.
A) efficiency
B) achievement
C) progress
D) activity
E) success
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 362
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
45) Americans' love affair with products that save time and effort, such as the microwave, are
examples of the important core value of ________ in this culture.
A) progress
B) achievement and success
C) activity
D) efficiency and practicality
E) external conformity
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 362
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
46) In a consumption-oriented society, such as that of the U.S., the core value of ________ often
means the acceptance of change, new products, or services designed to fulfill unsatisfied needs.
A) achievement and success
B) activity
C) material comfort
D) progress
E) freedom

Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 362
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers

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47) The American core value of ________ is central to the belief that people can always improve
themselves.
A) efficiency
B) progress
C) practicality
D) activity
E) success
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 362
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
48) In the name of the core value of ________, Americans appear to be more receptive to
product claims that stress "new," "improved," "longer lasting," "quicker," and increased strength.
A) achievement and success
B) activity
C) material comfort
D) progress
E) individualism
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 362

Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
49) For most Americans, ________ signifies the attainment of "the good life," which includes a
new car, a dishwasher, a hot tub and a variety of convenience and pleasure providing goods and
services.
A) material comfort
B) achievement and success
C) freedom
D) progress
E) external conformity
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 363
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers

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50) ________ has always been associated with bigger quantities of things, or, more of
something. Recently, however, there has been a shift away from quantity towards quality.
A) Material comfort
B) Achievement and success
C) Freedom
D) Progress
E) External conformity
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 364
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers

51) Self-reliance, self-interest, self-fulfillment, self-esteem and self-confidence are all
exceedingly popular expressions of ________, one of the American core values.
A) materialism
B) achievement and success
C) freedom
D) individualism
E) humanitarianism
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 364
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
52) In terms of consumer behavior, an appeal to ________ frequently takes the form of
reinforcing the consumer's sense of identity with products or services that both reflect and
emphasize that identity.
A) freedom
B) efficiency
C) progress
D) individualism
E) material comfort
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 364
AACSB: Communication
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers

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53) Advertisements for high-style clothing and cosmetics usually promise that their products will

enhance the consumer's exclusive or distinctive character and set him or her apart from others.
This is an appeal to which American core value?
A) materialism
B) achievement and success
C) freedom
D) individualism
E) humanitarianism
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 364
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
54) The concept of freedom in a consumer behavior sense relates to which of the following?
A) freedom of speech
B) freedom of press
C) freedom of worship
D) freedom of choice
E) freedom of movement
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 364
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
55) When Wendy's advertising emphasizes that a combo meal can come with any of a number of
sides, not just fries, the company is appealing to American consumers' preference for ________.
A) freedom
B) efficiency
C) progress
D) individualism
E) material comfort
Answer: A

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 364
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers

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56) In the realm of consumer behavior ________ takes the form of standardized goods and
services.
A) humanitarianism
B) efficiency
C) conformity
D) youthfulness
E) individualism
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 365
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
57) One can express ________ by selecting products that friends do not have, or express
________ by purchasing similar or identical products.
A) individualism; conformity
B) collectivism; conformity
C) conformity; individualism
D) freedom of choice; materialism
E) materialism; humanitarianism
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 364-365
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers

58) In terms of consumer behavior, the American value of ________ stimulates the acceptance of
food products, activities, and equipment perceived to maintain or increase physical fitness.
A) freedom
B) health
C) progress
D) individualism
E) material comfort
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 367
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
59) The American value of ________ involves admiration of things that save time and effort.
A) freedom
B) efficiency
C) progress
D) individualism
E) material comfort
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 369, Table 11.6
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.8: Understand how the American culture became a "shopping culture"
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60) The American value of ________ stimulates patronage of firms that compete with market
leaders.
A) freedom
B) efficiency

C) progress
D) individualism
E) humanitarianism
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 369, Table 11.6
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.8: Understand how the American culture became a "shopping culture"
SOUP MINI CASE: White Mountain Soups sells ready-to-eat soups packaged and sold in
microwave-ready, single-serving plastic containers that can be used as bowls and then recycled.
White Mountain makes a variety of soups, including New England clam chowder, vegetarian
minestrone, and beef and tomato soups. Its advertising emphasizes the use of wholesome
ingredients produced by independent farmers, and suggests that White Mountain soup can be a
quick and easy lunch, or a wholesome mid-afternoon snack alternative to a bag of potato chips
or a candy bar.
61) From a consumer's point of view, in the SOUP MINI CASE, White Mountain's soup
packaging is an appeal to which of the following American core values?
A) achievement
B) efficiency
C) material comfort
D) individualism
E) freedom
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 362
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
62) In the SOUP MINI CASE, White Mountain offers a variety of types of soup in order to
appeal to which of the following American core values?
A) practicality
B) material comfort
C) individualism

D) freedom
E) external conformity
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 365
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers

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63) In the SOUP MINI CASE, White Mountain draws attention to its use of all-natural,
wholesome ingredients in order to appeal to which of the following American core values?
A) individualism
B) freedom
C) external conformity
D) humanitarianism
E) fitness and health
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 367
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
64) In the SOUP MINI CASE, White Mountain draws attention to its patronage of independent
local farmers in order to appeal to which of the following American core values?
A) humanitarianism
B) fitness and health
C) individualism
D) freedom
E) activity
Answer: A

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 369, Table 11.6
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.8: Understand how the American culture became a "shopping culture"
65) In the SOUP MINI CASE, White Mountain suggests that consumers eat a cup of White
Mountain soup instead of a candy bar or bag of chips as an afternoon snack. If we consider
taking a break for a mid-afternoon snacking to be a ritual for many consumers, the soup (or
candy bar or bag of chips) would be considered the ________.
A) ritual artifact
B) ritualistic behavior
C) consumer value
D) symbol
E) acculturated activity
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 355
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

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DOG TREAT MINI CASE: Observing consumers at veterinary clinics, pet superstores, and
grocery stores, Happy Dog determined that consumers were more likely to buy expensive dog
treats at their veterinarians' offices than at grocery stores or pet superstores. Happy Dog
researchers also observed that consumers spent less time looking at the pet treats before
purchasing them when the treats were purchased at the veterinarian's office because they
assumed that anything on offer at a veterinarian's office must be good for their pets. As a result
of this research, Happy Dog Beef Treats are sold only at the offices of veterinarians and dog
groomers and are more expensive than the average dog treat that pet owners might purchase at

the supermarket. Happy Dog recently modified its treat recipe to come out with NEW, JUICIER
Beef Treats for pet owners to use to reward their dogs. Advertisements promoting the new recipe
show a young boy teaching his dog a series of tricks by rewarding her consistently with Happy
Dog Beef Treats. At the end of the commercial, the boy cues his dog for the tricks in front of his
parents, she performs, and his parents clap proudly.
66) In the DOG TREAT MINI CASE, Happy Dog uses which of the following types of research
to identify the ideal channel of distribution for its dog treats?
A) value measurement instruments
B) survey research
C) content analysis
D) consumer fieldwork
E) focus groups
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 359
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
67) In the DOG TREAT MINI CASE, Happy Dog uses its price and channels of distribution as
________ of the quality of its dog treats.
A) symbols
B) rituals
C) customs
D) values
E) beliefs
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 355
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

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68) In the DOG TREAT MINI CASE, Happy Dog's development of NEW, JUICIER Beef Treats
appeal to which of the following core American values?
A) activity
B) progress
C) humanitarianism
D) materialism
E) freedom
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 362
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
69) In the DOG TREAT MINI CASE, Happy Dog's advertisement shows its Beef Treats as a
means of fulfilling which of the following core American values?
A) humanitarianism
B) individualism
C) achievement
D) freedom
E) efficiency
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 361
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
70) In the DOG TREAT MINI CASE, Happy Dog's advertisement shows a boy training a dog by
using a reward as the mode of communication, rather than punishment. Use of positive
reinforcement in dog training is an example of a(n) ________.
A) value
B) belief

C) custom
D) artifact
E) symbol
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 348
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.1: Understand what culture is and how it impacts consumer behaviors

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WEDDING MINI CASE: Susan is planning her wedding. Susan knows what music is appropriate
for her ceremony because she has been to a number of weddings before. She has questions,
though, about the appropriate wording of her invitations, so she reviews the helpful information
provided by professional wedding planners on specialist wedding sites to familiarize herself with
customary wording and style rules. In choosing a wedding dress, Susan has decided to have a
dress designer make a custom wedding dress for her.
71) In the WEDDING MINI CASE, Susan learned what music is appropriate for a wedding
ceremony through ________.
A) formal learning
B) technical learning
C) enculturation
D) informal learning
E) acculturation
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 352
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

72) In the WEDDING MINI CASE, Susan learns about appropriate invitation wording and style
through ________.
A) formal learning
B) technical learning
C) enculturation
D) informal learning
E) acculturation
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 352
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
73) In the WEDDING MINI CASE, the wedding is considered a ________.
A) custom
B) value
C) ritual
D) belief
E) culture
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 355
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals

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74) In the WEDDING MINI CASE, a bridal bouquet would be considered a ritual ________.
A) artifact

B) symbol
C) culture
D) custom
E) value
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 355
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.4: Understand how culture is learned and expressed in language, symbols, and
rituals
75) In the WEDDING MINI CASE, Susan has chosen to have her wedding dress custom made,
in line with the core American value of ________.
A) material comfort
B) activity
C) conformity
D) humanitarianism
E) individualism
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 364
Skill: Application
Objective: 11.7: Understand how core cultural values impact American consumers
76) A true appreciation of the influence that culture has on our daily life requires some
knowledge of at least one other society with different cultural characteristics.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 349
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.2: Understand how culture acts as an "invisible hand" that guides consumptionrelated attitudes, values, and behavior
77) Culture is associated with what a society's members consider to be a necessity and what they
view as a luxury.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 350

Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.3: Understand how culture sets standards for what satisfies consumers' needs
78) Cultural beliefs, values, and customs continue to be followed as long as they yield
satisfaction.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 351
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Skill: Concept
Objective: 11.3: Understand how culture sets standards for what satisfies consumers' needs
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