Pratical design of ships and other floating structures volume II

Practical Design of Ships and
Other Floating Structures


Practical Design of Ships and
Other Floating Structures
Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on
Practical Design of Ships and Other Floating Structures
16 - 21 September 2001
Shanghai, China

Edited by

You-Sheng Wu
China Ship Scientific Research Center,
Wuxi, Jiangsu, China

Wei-Cheng Cui
School of Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University,
Shanghai, China

and

Guo-Jun Zhou
China Ship Scientific Research Center,
Wuxi, Jiangsu, China

Volume II

AMSTERDAM

2001
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should be made.
First edition 200 I
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
International
Symposium on Practical
Design of Ships and
other Floating
Structures
(8th:
2001
Shanghai,
China)
Practical
design of ships and other floating
structures
proceedings
of the Eighth International
Symposium on
Practical
Design of Ships and other Floating
Structures
16-21 September 2001, Shanghai,
China
1_Naval architecture
- Congresses
2. Shipbuilding
Congresses
I. Title
II. Wu, You-Sheng III. Cui, Wei-Cheng IV. Zhou,
Guo-Jun

623.8
ISBN 0080439500

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record from the Library of Congress has been applied for.

ISBN: 0-08-043950-0 (2 Volume set)

@J The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper).
Printed in The Netherlands.


v

PREFACE
During the last century the science and technology of ships and marine structures experienced
extremely great progress, and thus created the modern shipbuilding, shipping and ocean industries.
The relevant achievements were a part of the driving sources, which changed the whole world and the
society. Among the efforts towards these achievements was the creation of "The First International
Symposium on Practical Design in Shipbuilding" in 1977 in Tokyo. Later on it became a series of
symposia, PRADS as the abbreviation. Last century seven PRADS symposia were held in Tokyo ('77
and '83), Seoul ('83 and '95), Trondheim ('87), Varna ('89), Newcastle ('92) and The Hague ('98).
This proceedings contains the papers presented at "The 8th International Symposium on Practical
Design of Ships and Other Floating Structures" held at Shanghai Everbright Convention & Exhibition
Center, China on 16-21 September 2001. This is the first of the PRADS Symposia in the 21st century.
The overall aim of PRADS symposia is to advance the design of ships and other floating structures
as a professional discipline and science by exchanging knowledge and promoting discussion of
relevant topics in the fields of naval architecture and marine and offshore engineering. Inline with the
aim, in welcoming the new era this Symposium is particularly for an increase in international

cooperation and giving a momentum for the new development of design and production technology of
ships and other f10ating structures for efficiency, economy, safety, and environmental production.
The main themes of this Symposium are Design Synthesis, Production, Hydrodynamics,
Structures and Materials of Ships and Floating Systems. Proposals for over 270 papers from 26
countries and regions within the themes were received for PRADS'2001, and about 170 papers were
accepted for presentation at the symposium. With the high quality of the proposed papers the Local
Organizing Committee had a difficult task to make a balanced selection and to control the total number
of papers for fitting into the allocated time schedule approved by the Standing Committee ofPRADS.
Volume I of the proceedings covers the subjects about design synthesis, production and part of
hydrodynamics.
Volume II contains the subjects for the rest of hydrodynamics,
structures and
materials.
On behalf of the Standing Committee of PRADS and the Local Organizing Committee of
PRADS '200 1, we would like to thank all the participants for their great contributions to the successful
symposium. The full support from the sponsors, Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Division of
Chinese Academy of Engineering, Chinese Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, and
Chinese Institute of Navigation are greatly acknowledged. Sincere gratitude is also extended to China
Ship Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and other institutes and shipyards in
China, who have helped the preparation of this Symposium.
You-Sheng Wu
Wei-Cheng Cui
Guo-Jun Zhou


VII

These Proceedings of Volumes I and II contain papers presented at the 8th International
Symposium on Practical Design of Ships and Other Floating Structures. The Symposium was held at
the Shanghai Everbright Convention & Exhibition Center in Shanghai, China, on 16-21 September

2001, and organized by:
CAE
CSNAME
CIN

Chinese Academy of Engineering, Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Division
Chinese Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers
China Institution of Navigation

These organizations

are represented in the Local Organizing Committee.

The Local Organizing Committee organized the Symposium under supervision of the PRADS's
Standing Committee. The Symposium gained the generous support of many sponsors. They are listed
together with the membership of the committees in the following.
HONORARY ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Mr. Rong-Sheng Wang, President, Chinese Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers
Mr. Xiao-Jin Chen, President, China State Shipbuilding Corporation
Mr. Shan-Xiang Hong', Vice Minister, Ministry of Communications
Mr. Ping- Tao Huang, President, China Shipbuilding Industrial Corporation
Mr. Zai-Kuan Jin, Vice President, China State Shipbuilding Corporation
Mr. Ke-Jun Li, President, China Classification Society
Mr. Zu- Yi Lin, President, China Institute of Navigation
Prof. Dian-Zuo Wang, Vice President, Chinese Academy of Engineering
Mr. Hui Wang, Vice President, China Shipbuilding Industrial Corporation
Mr. Guang-Qin, Zhang, Vice President of Commission of Science,
Technology and Industry for National Defence
PRADS STANDING COMMITTEE
Prof. S. Motora (Honorary Chairman), Previously, Ship and Ocean Foundation, Japan

Prof. You-Sheng Wu (Chairman), China Ship Scientific Research Center, China
Prof. T. Borzecki, Technical University of Gdansk, Poland
Dr. L.L. Buxton, University afNewcastle, UK
Prof. O.M. Faltinsen, The Norwegian Institute of Technology, Norway
Dr. R. Porcari, Italian Ship Research Center, Italy
Prof. J. J. Jensen, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
Prof. H. Kim, Seoul National University, Korea
Dr. D. Liu, American Bureau of Shipping, US.A.
Prof. H. Ohtsubo, University of Tokyo, Japan
Dr. M.W.C. Osterveld (Ex-officio), MARIN, The Netherlands
Prof. H. Petershagen, University q(Hamburg, Germany
Dr. S. G. Tan, MARIN, The Netherlands
Prof. Wei-Cheng, Cui (Secretary), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China


viii
PRADS LOCAL ORGANIZING

COMMITTEE

Prof. You-Sheng Wu (Chairman), China Ship Scientific Research Center
Prof. Jian-Xun Lu (Co-Chairman), China Ship Research and Development Academy
Prof. Ze-Liang Chang, Counselor s Office Shanghai Municipality
Mr. Tian-Zu Cheng, Chinese Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineering
Prof. Wei-Cheng Cui (Secretary), Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Prof. Shi- Tang Dong, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Prof. Xiao-Hong Gao, Wuhan University of Technology
Prof. Ri-Xiu Guo, Naval Engineering University
Prof. You-Sheng He, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Prof. Bing-Han Hsu, China Ship Scientific Research Center

Mr. Ke- Yi Hu, Shanghai Jiang Nan Shipyard
Prof. Sheng Huang, Harbin Engineering University
Prof. Zhuo-Shang Ji, Dalian University of Science and Technology
Mr. Qi-Kang Liang, Marine Design and Research Institute of China
Mr. Zhi-Ping Lu, Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute
Mr. Wen-Sun Shen, Dalian New Shipyard
Prof. Zi- Ying Sheng, Shanghai Academy of Science
Mr. Heng- Yuan Wang, Shanghai Hu Dong Shipyard
Prof. Xiu-Heng Wu, Wuhan University of Technology
Prof. Xue- Yan Xu, Marine Design and Research Institute of China
Mr. Heng- Yi Zeng, China Ocean Petroleum Co.
Prof. Bing- Van Zhang, Marine Design and Research Institute of China
Prof. Sheng-Kun Zhang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Prof. Guo-Jun Zhou (Secretary), China Ship Scientific Research Center
Mr. Zhen-Bo Zhou, Shanghai Corporation of Shipbuilding Industry
Prof. Ymg-Fu Zhu, Wuhan Ship Design Institute
PROGRAMME
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.
Prof.

COMMITTEE

Ying-Qiu Chen, China Classification Society
Zhu-Shun Dong, Naval Engineering University
Van-Liang Guo, Marine Design and Research Institute of China
Xiang-Lu Huang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Run-Pei Li, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Guo-Ping Miao, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Hong-Cui Shen, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Zhong-Kun Shi, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology
Guo-Qiang Wang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Chang-Jian Weng, Wuhan University of Technology
Fei Xia, Wuhan Ship Design Institute
Zuo-Shui Xie, Hua Dong Shipbuilding Institute
Zao-Jian Zou, Wuhan University of Technology


IX

SPONSORS
Chinese Academy of Engineering, Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Division
Chinese Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers
China Institution of Navigation
Ship Mechanics Committee, CSNAME
China Ship Scientific Research Center
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Marine Design and Research Institute of China
Wuhan University of Technology
STAFF MEMBERS OF THE SECRETARIAT

Prof. Guo-Jun Zhou, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Mr. Bo-Ling Kang, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Mr. Zhen-Ping Weng, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Mr. Ren-Han Li, Chinese Academy of Engineering
Ms. Wen-Ji Li, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Mr. Xue- Wen Yin, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Ms. Jie Xu, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Ms. Qi-Hua Li, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Ms. Jia- Yu Qian, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Mr. Zheng- Yu Song, China Ship Scientific Research Center


Xl

CONTENTS

VOLUME I

Preface

v

PLENARY LECTURES
Maritime Safety Culture and Development of Ship and Offshore Installations Design Standards
in the 21 st Century
Ke-Jun Li

3

Structural Safety of Ships

D. Liu

13

Shipping Industry in the 21 st Century
Jia-Fu Wei

21

1. DESIGN SYNTHESIS FOR SHIPS AND FLOATING SYSTEMS
LIFE CYCLE COST AND SHIPPING SYSTEM
A Consideration of Life Cycle Cost of a Ship
Yasushi Kumakura and Hiroshi Sasajima

29

The Experiment of River-Sea-Going Ore Barge Fleet and Renovation of Existing Integrated Barge
Shun-Huai Chen, Wei Zhang, Jun-Ming Li and Cheng-Fang Wang

37

DESIGN OPTIMISATION
Optimization of a Wave Cancellation Multihull Ship Using CFD Tools
C. Yang, R. Lohner and 0. Sofa

43

A Module-Oriented
Ph. Riga

51

Optimization Tool

The Fine Optimization of Ship Hull Lines in Resistance Performance by Using CFD Approach
L. Xu and YY Wang

59

HULL FORM DESIGN
Parametric Hull Form Design - A Step Towards One Week Ship Design
C Abf, S.D. Bade, L. Birk and S. Harries

67

Mission Based Hydrodynamic Design of a Hydrographic Survey Vessel
s.L. Toxopeus, PF van Terwisga and C.H Thill

75

Hull Form Design of a Passenger Catamaran for Operation in the Yellow Sea Region
Seung-Hee Lee, Young-Gill Lee and Jae Wook Lee

83


XIl

Hull Form Design of Cargo Ship in Shallow and Strong Current Waterways
Li-Zheng Wang and Long-Fei Xi

91

NOVEL SHIP CONCEPTS - HIGH SPEED VESSELS
The Impact Load of Wing-in-Ground-Effect Craft in Waves and Application of Hydro-Ski
Zu-Shun Dong, Xiao-Peng Gao and Wei Sun
Conceptual Design of Very Large-Size Super-High-Speed
Keh-Sik Min, Seon-Hyung Kang and Oi-Hyun Kim

97

Foil Catamaran Containership

105

A Practical Application of Air Lubrication on a Small High Speed Boat
Jinho Jang, II Jun Ahn, Jaesung Kim, Jung-Chun Suh, Hyochul Kim, Seung-Hee Lee and Museok Song

113

The Hybrid Hydrofoil Stepped Hull
S. Duffty and C.D. Barry

119

NOVEL SHIP CONCEPTS - TRIMARAN
The Design of Trimaran Ships: General Review and Practical Structural Analysis
T Coppola and M Mandarino
Calm Water Experimental Research on Geosims of High Speed Trimaran: Hydrodynamic
and Model-Ship Correlation

E. Begovic, C. Bertorello and P Cassella

127

Characteristics

Trimaran Model Test Results and Comparison with Different High Speed Craft

135

143

C. Bertorello, D. Bruzzone, P Cassella and I. Zotti

Hull Form Development and Powering Performance Characteristics
Kuk-Jin Kang, Chun-Ju Lee and Do-Hyun Kim

FLOATING PRODUCTION
Design Recommendations
I. Lotsberg

for a 2,500 Ton Class Trimaran

151

SYSTEMS

from the FPSO - Fatigue Capacity JIP

159

Design of FPSOs Based on Maneuvering Stability
JS Sales Jr. and SH Sphaier

167

Extreme Response and Fatigue Damage of Ship-Shaped FPSO
(,hun-Tian Zhao, Yong Bai and Yung Shin

175

us. Matter,

VERY LARGE FLOATING STRUCTURES

(I)

An Investigation into Wave Induced Drift Forces and Motions of Very Large Floating Structures
N Ma, T Hirayama and K. Ishikawa

187

A Study on the Horizontally Dynamic Behavior of a VLFS Supported with Dolphins
Hao Liu, Hiroo Okada, Takashi Tsubogo and Koji Masaoka

197

Experimental Study on the HydroeIastic Response Characteristics
T Y Chung, JH Chung, S Y Hong and YJ Ji

205

VERY LARGE FLOATING STRUCTURES

of a Pontoon Type Floating Structure

(II)

Simulation Study on Coastal Ecosystem Around a Very Large Floating Structure in Tokyo Bay
D. Kitazawa, M Fujino and S Tabeta

213


xiii

Effects of a Draft on Hydroelastic Responses of a Pontoon Type Very Large Floating Structure
H Maeda, T Ikoma, C.K Rheem and M Arita

22]

A Study on Deck Wetness and Slamming of Very Large Floating Structures
Hyunkyoung Shin, Ho-Young Lee, Choon-Gyu Lim, Jeom-Moon Kang, Oi-Hyun Kim and
Myung-Cheol Yoon

229

SAFETY ASSESSMENT
Probabilistic Ana]ysis Too]s for Surface Ships Under Seaway and Extreme Dynamic Loads
YJ Lua and FE. Hess

237

Comprehensive Fuzzy Approach in Hazard Identification of Formal Safety Assessment (FSA)
Ying-Qiu Chen and Shao-Fen Lin

245

Estimating the Risk of Cargo Shifting in Waves - Methodology and Results
A. Ryrfeldt and T Kallstam

253

DESIGN PRINCIPLE AND CRITERIA
Ship Design Using Probabilistic Damage Stability Rules - A Sensitivity Study
P.H Lauridsen, JJ Jensen and J Baatrup

26]

Integration of First-Princip]e Approaches to Design for Damage Survivability
D. Konovessis and D. Vassalos

269

Rational Design Criteria and Their Application to Hull Form Optimisation of F]oating Systems in
Random Seas
1. Birk and G.F Clauss

275

DESIGN METHODS
The Application of a Decomposition
KG. Tan and P Sen
Evaluating Design for Upgradeability:
1.1. Buxton and G.H Stephenson

and Reuse Approach in Marine Design

285

A Simulation Based Approach for Ships and Marine Products

293

Model-Based Simulation for Container Loading / Unloading
Soon-Sup Lee, Jong-Kap Lee and Hong- Tae Kim

30]

Research on 3D-Layout Design of Ship Compartment Based on CBR
Jun-Hua Li, Ying-Fu Zhu, Wen- Ye Ying and Jun Lu

309

Development of a Sophisticated Hull Form CAD System 'EzHULL' Based on a Non-Manifold
and' X-topology'
Kyu-Yeul Lee, Joong-Hyun Rhim, Sang-Uk Lee, Doo-Yeoun Cho and Young-Bok Choi

MARINE STRUCTURAL

Model
3] 5

DESIGN

A Design Modification of VLCC with Wide Web Frame Space
Jae-Hyung Park, Chang-Hwan Jang and Joo-Ho Heo

323

Optimization of the Design of Ship Structures Using Response Surface Methodo]ogy
M Arai and T Shimizu

33]


XIV

APPLICATION

OF INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY

A Study on an Information System of Damages of Ship Structures
Y Kawamura, T Seki, T Sakuragi and Y Sumi

341

Bayesian and Neural Networks for Preliminary Ship Design

HB. Clausen, M Liitzen, A. Friis-Hansen and N. Bjorneboe

349

2. PRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT

IN PRODUCTION

TECHNOLOGY

Innovation in Ship Production: What Can We Expect?
H Wilckens

359

New Production System for Vessels of Composite Materials Using an Adjustable Mould
.long Oh Kwon, Jaesung Kim, .lung Chun Suh. Hyochul Kim, Seung Hee Lee, Young Gill Lee,
Kisung Kim, Jae Wook Lee, Jae Moon Lew, Sanghong Lee, Jae Kyu Lee, Dae Sun Kang and
Duk Soo Chung

367

Mobile Agent Based Supply Chain Management in Shipbuilding Industry
Jing-Yun Cheng, Bei Lu and Sheng-Kun Zhang

373

Energy and Environment Dimension in Ship Manufacturing
MA. Shama

381

Processes

FABRICATION MECHANICS
Study on Heat Transfer Between Gas Flame and Plate During Line-Heating Process
Y Tomita, N. Osawa, K. Hashimoto, N. Shinkai, .l Sawamura and K. Matsuoka

389

Study on the Process Technology of Line Heat Forming of Hull Fabrication
Ylljun Lill, Zhuoshang Ji, Dong Wang and Yanping Deng

397

Numerical Simulation of Welding Distortions in Large Steel Structures
L. F. Andersen

403

3. HYDROMECHANICS
COMPUTATIONAL

FLUID DYNAMICS - FLOW SIMULATION

Simulation of Viscous Flow of Modern Surface Ships Using the FINFLO RANS Solver
Ting-Qiu Li and .l Matusiak

413

Viscous Flow Around Rotating Ships

421

C. Levi and .lB. V Wanderley

Numerical Simulation of Flows over Underwater Axisymmetric
Zhen-Yu Huang and Lian-Di Zhou

Bodies with Full Appendages

429

Viscous Flow Calculations Used for Dredger Design
M Hoekstra, A. de Jager and HH Valkhof

437

Fully Non-linear Wave Computations for Arbitrary Floating Bodies Using the DELTA Method
TZllng-Hang Lee and Chang-Lung Chen

445


xv

COMPUTATIONAL

FLUID DYNAMICS - ENVIRONMENT

Flow Behavior Around Tandem Oil Fences
Dong Gi Han, Choung M Lee and Sang J Lee

451

A CFD-Based Parametric Study on the Smoke Behaviour of a Typical Merchant Ship
Eunseok Jin, Jaedon Yoon and Yongsoo Kim

459

Application ofCFD to Assessment and Design of the Air-Ventilation
Holds of Container Carriers
Bong Jun Chang

System in the Reefer Container

467

RESISTANCE
Wash and Wave Resistance of Ships in Finite Water Depth
Qinzheng Yang, o.M Faltinsen and Rong Zhao
On Scale Effect of the Resistance Due to Stem Waves Including Forward-Oriented
Just Behind a Transom Stern
T Yamano, Y Kusunoki, F. Kuratani, T Ikebuchi and 1 Funeno

475

Wave Breaking

Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of the Hull Characteristics of Two-Semi-Displacement
Fast Monohulls
CMF Sampaio, K Nishimoto, CH Miyagi, K Hirata and 1. Miwa

485

493

Empirical Prediction of Ship Resistance and Wetted Surface Area Using Artificial Neural Networks
K Koushan

501

A New Method for Resistance and Propulsion Prediction of Ship Performance in Shallow Water
T Jiang

509

Lower Frictional Resistance Characteristics of Foul Release Systems
M Candries, M Atlar, A. Guerrero and CD. Anderson

517

PERFORMANCE
Evaluation and Computer Program on the Speed Trial Analysis Method of the Ongoing Work in ISOrrC8
Eun-Chan Kim, Hyun-Se Yoon, Sa- Young Hong and Yoon-Rak Choi

525

A Test Procedure and Evaluation Method for Seakeeping Trials with Address to Broaching-To

0. Lundbdck

533

Experimental Investigation of Bank Effects under Extreme Conditions
D.-Q. Li, M Leer-Andersen, P. Ottosson and F Trdgardh

54 I

SEAKEEPING

AND RINGING

Effects of Different Three Dimensional Formulations on the Seakeeping Computations of High Speed Hulls
D. Bruzzone, F Gualeni and L. Sebastiani

547

Measurement of Ship Motion During Model Tests and Full Scale Seakeeping Trials
Nan Xie, Guo-Liang Qian, Huan-Qiu Gao and Na-Xin Wei

555

Developing Seakeeping Performance Criteria for a Helicopter Pilot Training Vessel
F Crossland and MC Johnson

563


XVI

Dynamic Behaviour of Rigid Mono- and Multi-Hulled Vessels in Waves, Incorporating Non-Linear
Excitation
FA. Bailey, EJ Ballard and F Temarel

571

Time-Domain
in Waves
K Garme

579

Simulations and Measurements

of Loads and Motions of Planning High-Speed Craft

Analysis of Ringing by Continuous Wavelet Transform
SH Kwon, HS Lee, JS Park, MK Ha and YJ Kim

587

DECK WETNESS AND IMPACT
Green Sea and Water Impact on FPSO in Steep Random Waves

593

C. T Stansberg and Sf. Karlsen

Long Term Prediction Method of Shipping Water Load for Assessment of the Bow Height

Y Ogawa, H Taguchi, f. Watanabe and S Ishida

603

A Practical Design Tool for Wave Impact on Bow and Deck Structures
0. Hellan, JR. HojJ and C. T Stansberg

611

SLAMMING AND SLOSHING
Wave Impact on Decks of Floating Platforms
R. Baarholm, OM Faltinsen and K Herfjord

621

Impact Pressure Analysis on High-Speed Craft in Waves, through FE-Analysis on Full-Scale and Model
Measurement Data
A. Rosen

629

Assessment of Sloshing Loads for Tankers
P. C. Sames and T.£ Schellin

637

MANOEUVRABILITY

- COMPUTATION AND SIMULATION

Prediction of Hydrodynamic Forces Acting on Ship Hull in Oblique and Turning Motions by a Simple
Surface Panel Method
K Nakatake, T Sekiguchi and J Ando

645

A Numerical Study on Viscous Flow About a Ship in Manoeuvring Motion
Xie-Dong Zhang and Xiu-Heng Wu

651

Simulation of the Propulsion System Behaviour During Ship Standard Manoeuvres
G. Benvenuto, S Brizzolara and M Figari

657

MANOEUVRABILITY
Experimental Study on the Maneuverability for a Wide Beam New Suezmax Class Tanker
Heung-Won Seo, Tae-II Lee and Seung-Myun Hwangbo

665

On Steady Horizontal Forces and Moment Due to Short Waves Acting on Ships in Manoeuvring Motion
M Uena, T Nimura, H Miyazaki and K Nanaka

671

An Empirical Formula for Steering Gear Torque of Tankers with a Horn Rudder
DJ Son, JH Ahn and KF Rhee

679


xvii

VOLUME

II

Preface

v

3. HYDROMECHANICS (continued)
PROPULSOR

AND PROPULSION

Propeller Design and Analysis System Using an Object-Oriented
Chang-Sup Lee and Chung-Ho Cho

Database in Windows Environment

A Propeller Design Method with New Blade Section for Improving Cavitation Inception Under
Unsteady Condition
Wei-Xin Zhou, You-Hua Wu and Shi-Tang Dong

685

693

An Optimisation Method Based on Hilbert Space Theory for Design of Marine Propellers and Hull Form
TS. Jang, T Kinoshita and T Hino

699

Numerical Analysis of Cavitating Propellers Including Viscous Flow Effects
F Salvatore and PG. Esposito

705

Propeller Design Based on Surface Panel Method by Prescribed Pressure Distribution
Ting-Shou Tan

713

CFD-Based Optimization of Tanker Stem Form - Minimization of Delivered Horsepower Using
Self-Propulsion Simulator
Y Tahara, J Ando and Y Himeno

71 9

Numerical and Experimental Studies of Ducted Propeller
R. Zhao

725

Design of Cavitating Propellers by Lifting Surface Theory
Guo-Qiang Wang and Chen-Jun Yang

733

Prediction of Transient Loading on a Propeller from an Approaching Ice Block
P. Du, B. Colbourne and Chin Shin

741

PODDED DRIVES
Investigations of Podded Drives in a Large Cavitation Tunnel
J Friesch

749

Triple Pod Propulsion in the World's Largest Ever Cruise Liner
R Hamalainen and J van Heerd

757

Hydrodynamic
R Lepeix

767

Trends in Hull Lines of Podded Driven Large Cruise Vessels

HULL-PROPULSOR-APPENDAGES

INTERACTION

Simulating the Self-Propulsion Test by a Coupled ViscouslPotential

S.K Chou, e. Y Hsin, S. W Chau and We. Chen

Flow Computation

Numerical Computation of Ship's Effective Wake and Its Validation in Large Cavitation Tunnel
Kim, D.S. Kong and JM Lew

J W Park, JJ

777

785


XVIII

Wake Fields Prediction on the Propeller Plane by Neural Network
HJ Shin and SM Hwangbo

791

Effect of Vertical Pre-Swirl Stator Vanes on the Propulsion Performance of a 300K Class VLCC
Jiman Yang, Kihyun Park, Kwang Kim, Jungchun Suh, Hyochul Kim, Seunghee Lee, Jungjoong Kim and
Hyoungtae Kim

799

Development and Experimental Study of a Novel Submarine Guide Vane Propeller System
Hui-Zhi Yao and Hong-Cui Shen

807

EXPERIMENTAL

TECHNIQUES

Development and Application of a High Speed Video System in HSVA's Large Cavitation Tunnel HYKAT
C. Johannsen

815

Uncertainty Analysis of Towing Test
Mo-Qin He, Hong-Cui Shen and Shu-Long He

823

Transient Flooding in a Damaged Ferry
JM Riola and J Valle

831

4. STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS
WAVE INDUCED LOADS AND RESPONSES
Prediction of Wave-Induced Rolling Responses by a Time-domain Strip Theory
Zhao-Hui Wang, JJ Jensen and Jin-Zhu Xia
Methods to Reduce the Effects of Irregular Frequencies in Hydrodynamic Analysis of Vessels with
Forward Speed
SX Du, D.A. Hudson, WG. Price and P Temarel

839

847

The Effects of Forward Speed on Hydrodynamic Pressure and Structural Response of Ships in Waves
Chih-Chung Fang, Hua-Tung Wu, Hoi-Sang Chan and Chung-Yung Lu

857

Ship Motions and Sea Loads by a 3D Rankin Panel Method
Li Xu, Wei-Xing Zhang, Chen-Bi Zhao, Fa-Yan Xu and You-Fang Chen

865

EXTREME WAVE LOADS
Experiment on Extreme Wave Loads of a Flexible Ship Model
Rui-Zhang Chen, Shuang-Xing Du, You-Sheng Wu, Ji-Ru Lin, Jia-Jun Hu and Ya-Lin Yue

871

Estimation of Nonlinear Long-Term Extremes ofthe Vertical Bending Moments in Ships
G.S Baarholm and T. Moan

879

A Direct Calculation Approach of Determining Extreme Combined Bending Moments for Fast Fine
Form Ships
Xue-Kang Gu and Jin-Wei Shen

887

HYDROELASTICITY
Flutter of Hydrofoil in Viscous Field
Can Sima, Xiao-Ci Zhang and You-Sheng Wu

895

Symmetric and Antisymmetric Hydroelastic Analysis of a Bulker in Waves
SE. Hirdaris, WG. Price and P Temarel

903


XIX

Hydroelastic Model for Bottom Slamming
A. Bereznitski and V Postnov

9] ]

Hydrodynamic
Gang Wang

Impulsive Loads Acting on Ship-Hull Plates

919

Risk Analysis Applied to Occurrence of Maximum Wave Bending Moment
EA. Dahle, D. Myrhaug and H.T. Wist

925

Fuzzy Reliability Analysis of a Ship Longitudinal Strength
.1M Yang and.l Y Huang

931

Reliability-Based Requalification
T. Moan and 0.1 Vardal

939

RELIABILITY

of Existing Offshore Platfonns

Deterministic and Probabilistic Assessment of FPSO Hull Girder Strength
A. Incecik and Y Pu

947

Consistent Code Formulation for Ship Structural Design
A.E Mansour, .Is. Spencer, PH. Wirsching, .IE McGovney and D.D. Tarman

955

Reliability of Stiffened Ship Decks
K. Rajagopalan

965

ULTIMATE STRENGTH - SENSITIVITY
Total Analysis System for Ship Structural Strength
T Yoneya, H. Kobayashi, M Abdul Rahim, Y Sasaki and M Irisawa
Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analyses in the Predicted Critical Buckling Strength of a Longitudinally
Stiffened Sub-Panel
Wei-Cheng Cui, Li-Juan Shi and Jin-Fei Zhang
Sensitivity Analysis on Ultimate Hull Bending Moment
Ph Rigo, C. Toderan and T Yao

971

979

987

ULTIMATE STRENGTH - HULL GIRDER
Assessment of Ultimate Longitudinal Strength of Aged Tankers
A. Ikeda, T Yao, 0. Kitamura, N Yamamoto, M Yoneda and H. o.htsubo
Ultimate Strength and Reliability Assessment for the Ship Hull Girders Used in ISSC-2000
Benchmark Study
Hai-Hong Sun and Yong Bai
An Assessment of the Ultimate Plastic Strength of the Ship's Aged Hulls
G. V Egorov and V V Kozlyakov

997

1005

1013

ULTIMATE STRENGTH - STIFFENED PLATES AND SHELLS
A New Design Model for Ultimate and Buckling Strength Assessment of Stiffened Plates
E Steen, TK. 0stvold and S. Valsgard

]02]

Ultimate Strength of Longitudinally Stiffened Panels: Multi-Criteria Comparative Analysis
.I Y Pradillon, T Quesnel, C. Toderan and Ph Rigo

1029


xx

Ultimate Strength of Submersible Structures
I.P Pasqualino and SF Estefen

FATIGUE ASSESSMENT

1037

AND DESIGN

A Report on Fatigue Failure of a Highly Skewed Fixed Pitch Propeller
Hochung Kim, Keunjae Kim, Sungpyo Kim and Moonchan Kim

1045

Fatigue Analysis of Aluminium Box-Stiffener Lap Joints by Nominal, Structural and Notch Stress
Range Approaches

Naiquan Ye, T Moan and B. W Tveiten

1053

Fatigue Strength Assessment of Cruciform Joints
W. Fricke and R. Wernicke

1061

Fatigue Strength Assessment of Hull Details for an FPSO
S Berge, A. Johansen and I.G. Bjorheim

107]

Evaluation of Simplified Prediction Method of Stress Response Function From the Viewpoint of
Fatigue Strength Analysis of a Ship
T Fukasawa, K. Hashimoto and Y Tomita

1081

Combination of Fatigue Damages Produced by Several Wave-Induced Loads Based on Correlation
Coefficient Method
H Kawabe and K. Shibazaki

1089

Fatigue Analysis of an Aged Jack-up Platform Structure Refitted to Cantilever-Beam
Wu Nie, Yu-Wu Sun and Li-Ping Sun

FATIGUE STRENGTH

Type

1097

- VARIOUS FACTORS

Analysis of Three-Dimensional Cracks in Ship Structures Subjected to an Arbitrary Loading by
Numerical Weight Function Method
YSumi

1105

Effect of Mean Stress Changes on the Fatigue Strength of Spectrum Loaded Welds
G.B. Marquis and TPJ Mikkola

J] 13

A New Look at the Effect of Bandwidth and Non-Normality
Lei Yu, PK. Das and ND.P Barltrop

1121

on Fatigue Damage

FATIGUE TESTS
An Experimental Investigation on Fatigue Behavior of Inverted Angle and T-Type Side Longitudinals
in Tankers
Jinsoo Park, Kuk Bin Kim, Wha Soo Kim and Doe Hyun Kim

I] 29

Fatigue Behaviour of Different Bracket Connections
H Paetzold, O. Doerk and H Kierkegaard

] 137

Fatigue Tests on Large Scale Knuckle Specimens
o.D. Dykstra, G. TM Janssen and J WI. Ludolphy

1145

FATIGUE CONTROL
The Pre-Fabricated
S. V Petinov

Hull Details for Application in Design and Repair

1153


XXI

Fatigue Strength of Load-Carrying Box Fillet Weldment in Ship Structure
Wha Soo Kim, Doe Hyun Kim, Sang Gab Lee and Yoon Ki Lee

116]

VIBRATION AND NOISE
A VBAR Model to Identify the Dynamic Characteristics

C.F Hung, YT Peng and WJ Ko

of Marine Structures

1169

Vibration Analysis Method of Ship Structures in the Medium Frequency Domain
F. Besnier, G. Bechepay, Y Mavrakakis and M Ferry

1177

A New Method for Determining Acoustic Added Mass and Damping Coefficients of Fluid-Structure
Interaction
Q. Zhou, W Zhang and PF Joseph

1185

Vibration Prediction of Rectangular Tank Structures
Y Takeda

1]97

Influence of Journal Bearing Model1ing Method on Shaft Line Alignment and Whirling Vibrations
L. Murawski

1205

VIBRATION CONTROL
Experimental Studies on Resistance Reduction and Vibration Reduction by Bubbly Layer
Wen-Cai Dong, Fan Wu, Yun-Xiang Zhu and Ri-Xiu Guo

1213

Application of Higher Order Balancer to Control the Superstructure Vibration of a Container Ship
Soo-Mok Lee, Won-Hyun Kim and Kyoon-Yang Chung

1221

NON-LINEAR

DYNAMICS

Nonlinear Dynamics of Towed Underwater Vehicles - Numerical Model1ing and Experimental Validation
G.F Clauss and M Vannahme

1227

Vortex-Induced Vibration of Two Dimensional Wing-Spring Coupled System
Zhi-Xing Yu, Ying-Zhong Liu and Guo-Ping Miao

1237

FIRE AND BLAST
Fire Risk Analysis and Its Application to Ships
M Dogliani and A. Vergine
The Characteristic Analysis of Marine Fire Spread Phenomena with Multi-Equations
Safety Design
Nobuyoshi Fukuchi and Changhong Hu

]243

System for Fire
1253

Application of Computation a] Fluid Dynamics in the Fire Safety Design of Marine Systems
Changhong Hu and Nobuyoshi Fukuchi

1261

An Examination of Some Structural Limit States for Hydrocarbon Explosions
PA. Frieze, RB. Corr, R.o. Snell and VH Y Tam

]269

COLLISION AND GROUNDING
Design Against Minor Impacts
M. Liitzen and P.T. Pedersen

]277

Experimental Study on the Buffer Bow Structures
H Endo, Y Yamada and O. Kitamura

1285


XXII

Calculation of Collisions with the Aid of Linear FE Models
E. Lehmann, ED. Egge, M. Scharrer and L. Zhang

1293

COLLISION AND EXPLOSION
A Simplified Internal and External Mechanics Model for Ships' Collision
K. Suzuki, H Ohtsubo and K.s. Sajit

1301

Numerical Simulation of Ship-Submarine
R. Donner, F Besnier and H Le Sourne

1309

Collisions

Fluid Mesh Modeling on Surface Ship Shock Response Under Underwater Explosion
Sang-Gab Lee, Jeong-II Kwon and Jung-Hoon Chung

APPLICATION

1315

OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS

Weight Reduction in Sandwich Structures by Use of Curved Panels

1323

C. Berggreen and B. C. Simonsen

Use of Large-Deflection Theories for Design ofFRP Panels
B. Hayman, MJ Larsen, D. McGeorge and P. Noury

1331

Design of Tee Connections in FRP Ships Using an Analytical Approach
R.A. Shenoi and W Wang

1339

MISCELLANEOUS
History of PRADS
M. Mano

1345

AUTHOR INDEX

I]

KEYWORD INDEX

I7


3. HYDROMECHANICS (continued)


Practical Design of Ships and Other Floating Structures

You-Sheng Wu, Wei-Cheng Cui and Guo-Jun Zhou (Eds)
© 200 I Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

685

PROPELLER DESIGN AND ANALYSIS SYSTEM
USING AN OBJECT-ORIENTED DATABASE
IN WINDOWS ENVIRONMENT
Chang-Sup Leel and Chung-Ho Chol
I

Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,
Chungnam National University, Taejon, Korea

ABSTRACT
An integrated propeller design and analysis system using an objected-oriented database in Windows
environment is developed. The system consists of various computational modules such as the basic
geometry definition, optimization, lifting-line and lifting-surface design and analysis, finite-element
steady and unsteady analysis, and cavity analysis. The whole system is controlled by a user-friendly
graphic user interface (GUI), which enables the user to perform the design swiftly and accurately. A
new database-drive class is designed and implemented to enable the exchange of information between
the object-oriented database and the computational modules. The dynamic link library (DLL)
technique enables the whole system disintegrated into modules. Selected graphical outputs are
demonstrated very helpful in performing design and analysis.

KEYWORDS
Propeller design, Propeller analysis, Database, Interface design, Graphic user interface, Windows

1

INTRODUCTION

An integrated program package for the design and analysis usually consists of many elemental
modules covering various computing needs. It is not an easy task even for the trained expert to follow
correctly the input/output procedure of various modules avoiding human errors. It gets even more
difficult if various modules are interrelated interchanging information among them. In order to use this
kind of package effectively, the user has to be familiar with the design flow, which must be simple, and
also can control the information flow between various modules.
The easiness in carrying out the design can be achieved by adopting the graphic user interface (GUI) to
control the computational flow. The GUI is now very popular in many applications working in
Windows environment and facilitates the use of the complicated programs through a series of simple
mouse clicks. To maximize the visual effect in judging the input parameters and the computational
results, the graphic package commercially available may be linked to the design package as a


686

dynamically linked library (DLL) file. The techniques are well known in the computer software
technology and have been successfully applied to the propeller design and analysis (ProDAS) package
by Jung et al(1996, 1997).
In order to provide the input data to each computational module and also to exchange the information
between modules, the data has to be stored and managed systematically, and to be easily accessible by
the user and by each program module. This paper will describe the procedure to build the systematic
relation between modular programs and the database (DB) system together with the sample application
of the package for the design and analysis of a propeller.
We note first that most of the existing programs in the ship design and marine hydrodynamics does not
use the database. Even when the database is in use, most programs only accept the ASCII file to
communicate between the database and the modular programs. Use of ASCII file is traditional as an
input/output form. With the increase of the package size, the code will generate unwanted junk files
and produce and save duplicate data files deteriorating the efficiency and accuracy of the design

procedure. The ASCII file is very inefficient in re-processing the information and is very difficult in
providing the proper data to the other modules. The number of the ASCII files increases with the
number of the modular programs, whereas only one
database file is necessary to support the whole
package. If separate treatment of the data among
different modules is necessary, the data set may be
grouped into separate tables to match the modular
programs.
To secure the linkage between the modules and the
database, we selected a relational database package,
Access of Microsoft, which is known easy to use
and reliable. Figure 1 shows the linkage between the
database system and the computational modules
under the control of the design system. If the user
asks, the modules can also be connected to the
traditional file system.
2

DATABASE INTERFACE DESIGN

We will now describe the procedure developing the interface to enable the data exchange between the
application and the database, using the driver, e.g., DAO (Data Access Objects) as adopted in the
present work, supplied by the developer of the database system. Figure 2 shows the relations between
the database interface classes, which may be grouped into three regions (Allison 1996). The classes
CDaoDatabase and CDaoRecordset, supplied by the database developer, connect the database and the
application, and provide the information passage between them. The programmer needs only to know
the meaning of the member variables and the usage of the member functions of these classes. The
classes in the upper-left region of Figure 2, CProdasDB, ... , CUpdate, provide the application modules
with the basic functions which locate the proper record set and enable the read/write operation. These
classes are very general and not related to the content of each module or to the specific tables or fields

in the database. The classes in the lower-left region of Figure 2, CDBMopti, ... , CDBMoptiRecSet,
provide the connectivity to exchange information between the module and database record set. This
portion has to be implemented into each module within the application package.


2.1

Function and Interrelations of Interface Classes

The CProdasDB class is the top-level class in the application containing the member variables,
pConnect and IObjlD, that connect the database and point the record, respectively. The class CConnect
creates an object to connect, to open, to attach or to detach from the database and also has the
functions to commit the data-writing into the disc or to roll-back the works that are not yet stored
permanently into the disc. The class CInterface contains the CConnect pointer pConnect and
CDaoRecordset pointer pRset, which are to be inherited into two derived classes CQuery and CUpdate
and used to point the database and the proper record. The CQuery class is used to move the pointer
into the requested record according to the query conditions. The class CUpdate is an abstract class
which updates the data modified by the application modules. The five classes described above, which
are the basic classes in ProDAS, provides the functions to create and to control the data flow
management.
The classes shown in the lower-left region in Figure 2 are dependent upon each computational module.
The class CDBMopti is derived from CProdasDB; CDBMoptiQuery and CDBMoptiUpdate from
CQuery and CUpdate, respectively; CDBMoptiRecSet from CDaoRecordset. The most basic class
among them, CDBMopti, has the right to use two friends CDBMoptiQuery and CDBMoptiUpdate and
hence can query and modify the data, upon creation of the CDBMopti object. This object may also use
its own member functions (e.g. getNumberOfBladesO and setNumberOfBladeO) to read and write the
data. The class CDBMoptiRecSet initializes the data in the record and provides gateways to do data


2.2 Exchange of Information between Application and Database

Once the interface classes are completed, they may be implemented into the source code as shown in
Figure 3. The upper portion shows the query table array of the CDBMoptiQuery class corresponding to
the fields of the database. For simplicity, shown only here are the table name "Mopti" and one
particular field [NoOfBlades] in the optimization module in ProDAS. Figure also shows how the
function getNumberOfBladesO returns the value of m_NoOfBlades, which is the member variable of
the object pRset pointing the recordset. The lower portion shows how the data m_NoOfBlades gets the
value [NoOfBlades] through DoFie!dExchangeO function implemented in DBMoptiRecSet code.
2.3

Creating Objects in Applications

If the interface classes and the implementation programs are completed, the remaining task is now to
create the object in the application program. Figure 4 shows a code segment extracting or storing the
data between the database and a DLL module in ProDAS. The function MOpti first connects to the
database by creating the CConnect object *pc, and then creates a CDBMopti object mopti. Two
functions InputFromDBFileO and OutputToDBFileO are then shown. The objective and contents of the
functions are obvious. The global variables belonging to the particular module, e.g. nve! or svs[n], are
assigned by calling the member functions of the CDBMopti class object mopti. All other variables
required by computation modules are extracted from the database similarly. Values determined by the
modules can also be stored by calling the member functions of the CDBMopti class as shown in
OutputToDBFileO function. As demonstrated so far, the interface class and implemented functions are
very simple to use and easily applicable to the computing modules.

3

DESIGN IN WINDOWS ENVIRONMENT

Existing design programs require high level of knowledge in using the codes, making decision and
evaluating designs. When various computation modules are involved, it is important to select proper