ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (PETRO)

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Dr Nam T. S. Phan
Faculty of Chemical Engineering
HCMC University of Technology
Office: room 211, B2 Building
Phone: 8647256 ext. 5681
Email:
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Chapter 12:

CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

C=O

C=C

SP2 carbon
Y=OH

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NOMENCLATURE OF
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

IUPAC names: hydrocarbon + “oic acid”

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Some natural occurring acids & derivatives

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PREPARATIONS OF CARBOXYLIC
ACIDS
From Grignard reagents

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From nitriles

Have 1 more carbon as compared to the halide
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From primary alcohols
Can NOT be isolated

PCC: pyridinium chlorochromate
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From aldehydes

Aldehydes are generally easier to oxidize than
primary alcohols

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From alkylbenzenes

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REACTIONS OF CARBOXYLIC
ACIDS
Esterification
reactions

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IUPAC names: alkyl + carboxylate

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Intramolecular ester formation: Lactones

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IUPAC names: 2-oxacycloalkanone

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Reactions of esters
Ester hydrolysis

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Transesterification reactions

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Acyl chloride formation

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IUPAC names: replace “ic acid” with “yl halide” /
“carboxylic acid” with “carbonyl halide”

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Reactions of acyl chlorides

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An amide
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Amide formation

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IUPAC names: replace “ic acid”, “oic acid”, “ylic
acid” with “amide”

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Reactions of amides

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Reaction only in the presence of an acid
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