hanbook of nursing dianosis 14e by carpenito
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Nursing
Diagnosis Index
Activity Intolerance 30
Activity Planning, Ineffective 36
Activity Planning, Risk for
Ineffective 37
Adverse Reaction to Iodinated
Contrast Media, Risk for 38
Airway Clearance, Ineffective 515
Allergy Response, Risk for 42
Anxiety 48
Anxiety, Death 56
Aspiration, Risk for 356
Attachment, Risk for Impaired 449
Bathing Self-Care Deficit 532
Bed Mobility, Impaired 397
Bleeding, Risk for 60
Blood Glucose Level, Risk for
Unstable 61
Body Image, Disturbed 548
Body Temperature, Risk for
Imbalanced 62
Bowel Incontinence 74
Breast Milk, Insufficient 86
Breastfeeding, Ineffective 77
Breastfeeding, Interrupted 85
Breastfeeding, Readiness for
Enhanced 697
Breathing Pattern, Ineffective 518
Cardiac Output, Decreased 87
Cardiac Tissue Perfusion, Risk for
Decreased 640
Caregiver Role Strain 89
Caregiver Role Strain, Risk for 95
Cerebral Tissue Perfusion, Risk for
Ineffective 642
Childbearing Process,
Ineffective 98
Childbearing Process, Readiness for
Enhanced 698
Childbearing Process, Risk for
Ineffective 100
Comfort, Impaired 101
Comfort, Readiness for
Enhanced 699
Communication, Impaired
Verbal 131
Communication, Impaired 127
Communication, Readiness for
Enhanced 700
Confusion, Acute 134
Confusion, Chronic 141
Confusion, Risk for Acute 141
Constipation 148
Constipation, Perceived 153
Contamination, Community 164
Contamination, Family 162
Contamination, Individual 155
Contamination, Risk for
Community 167
Contamination, Risk for
Family 163
Contamination, Risk for
Individual 161
Continuous Urinary
Incontinence 670
Coping, Compromised
Family 188
Coping, Defensive 176
Coping, Disabled Family 189
Coping, Ineffective
Community 185
Coping, Ineffective 168
Coping, Readiness for
Enhanced 701
Coping, Readiness for Enhanced
Community 702
Decision Making, Readiness for
Enhanced 706
Decisional Conflict 195
Denial, Ineffective 182
Dentition, Impaired 429
Development, Risk for
Delayed 293
Diarrhea 202
Disuse Syndrome, Risk for 207
Diversional Activity, Deficient 215
Dressing Self-Care Deficit 535
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Nursing Diagnosis Index
Dry Eye, Risk for 478
Dysreflexia, Autonomic 219
Dysreflexia, Risk for
Autonomic 223
Electrolyte Imbalance, Risk for 223
Energy Field, Disturbed 224
Environmental Interpretation
Syndrome, Impaired 227
Failure to Thrive, Adult 294
Falls, Risk for 361
Family Coping, Readiness for
Enhanced 707
Family Processes,
Dysfunctional 233
Family Processes, Interrupted 228
Family Processes, Readiness for
Enhanced 707
Fatigue 237
Fear 244
Feeding Self-Care Deficit 528
Fluid Balance, Readiness for
Enhanced 709
Fluid Volume, Deficient 249
Fluid Volume, Excess 254
Fluid Volume, Risk for
Deficient 253
Fluid Volume, Risk for
Imbalanced 260
Functional Urinary
Incontinence 660
Gas Exchange, Impaired 520
Gastrointestinal Motility,
Dysfunctional 261
Gastrointestinal Motility, Risk for
Dysfunctional 262
Gastrointestinal Tissue Perfusion,
Risk for Ineffective 643
Grieving 263
Grieving, Anticipatory 270
Grieving, Complicated 275
Grieving, Risk for
Complicated 278
Growth and Development,
Delayed 279
Growth, Risk for
Disproportionate 293
Health Behavior, Risk-Prone 298
Health Maintenance,
Ineffective 301
Health, Deficient Community 297
Home Maintenance, Impaired 313
Hope, Readiness for
Enhanced 710
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Hopelessness 317
Human Dignity, Risk for
Compromised 326
Hyperthermia 64
Hypothermia 67
Immunization Status, Readiness for
Enhanced 711
Impulse Control, Ineffective 180
Infant Behavior, Disorganized 329
Infant Behavior, Readiness for
Enhanced Organized 712
Infant Behavior, Risk for
Disorganized 338
Infant Feeding Pattern,
Ineffective 435
Infection Transmission, Risk for 345
Infection, Risk for 338
Injury, Risk for 350
Insomnia 609
Instrumental Self-Care
Deficit 538
Intracranial Adaptive Capacity,
Decreased 369
Jaundice, Neonatal 370
Jaundice, Risk for Neonatal 371
Knowledge (Specify), Readiness for
Enhanced 716
Knowledge, Deficient 372
Latex Allergy Response 373
Latex Allergy Response, Risk
for 375
Lifestyle, Sedentary 377
Liver Function, Risk for
Impaired 380
Loneliness, Risk for 380
Maternal/Fetal Dyad, Risk for
Disturbed 385
Maturational Enuresis 658
Memory, Impaired 386
Mobility, Impaired Physical 389
Moral Distress 403
Moral Distress, Risk for 408
Nausea 124
Neglect, Self 411
Neglect, Unilateral 412
Noncompliance 416
Nutrition, Imbalanced: Less Than
Body Requirements 422
Nutrition, Imbalanced: More Than
Body Requirements 438
Nutrition, Imbalanced: More Than
Body Requirements, Risk
for 442
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Nursing Diagnosis Index
Nutrition, Readiness for
Enhanced 717
Oral Mucous Membrane,
Impaired 490
Overflow Urinary
Incontinence 678
Pain, Acute 107
Pain, Chronic 119
Parental Role Conflict 454
Parenting, Impaired 443
Parenting, Readiness for
Enhanced 718
Perioperative Positioning Injury,
Risk for 364
Peripheral Neurovascular
Dysfunction, Risk for 649
Peripheral Tissue Perfusion,
Ineffective 644
Peripheral Tissue Perfusion,
Risk for Ineffective 648
Personal Identity, Disturbed 555
Personal Identity, Risk for
Disturbed 556
Poisoning, Risk for 362
Post-Trauma Syndrome 457
Post-Trauma Syndrome,
Risk for 462
Power, Readiness for
Enhanced 718
Powerlessness 471
Powerlessness, Risk for 476
Protection, Ineffective 477
Rape-Trauma Syndrome 463
Reflex Urinary Incontinence 665
Relationship, Ineffective 495
Relationship, Readiness for
Enhanced 719
Relationship, Risk for
Ineffective 496
Religiosity, Impaired 628
Religiosity, Readiness for
Enhanced 720
Religiosity, Risk for Impaired 632
Relocation Stress [Syndrome] 497
Relocation Stress [Syndrome],
Risk for 501
Renal Perfusion, Risk for
Ineffective 653
Resilience, Impaired
Individual 502
Resilience, Readiness for
Enhanced 721
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Resilience, Risk for
Compromised 502
Respiratory Function, Risk for
Ineffective 503
Role Performance, Ineffective 522
Self Esteem, Risk for Chronic
Low 563
Self-Care Deficit Syndrome 524
Self-Care, Readiness for
Enhanced 722
Self-Concept, Disturbed 544
Self-Concept, Readiness for
Enhanced 723
Self-Esteem, Chronic Low 560
Self-Esteem, Disturbed 556
Self-Esteem, Risk for Situational
Low 567
Self-Esteem, Situational Low 564
Self-Harm, Risk for 568
Self-Health Management,
Ineffective 584
Self-Health Management,
Ineffective Community 590
Self-Health Management,
Ineffective Family 589
Self-Health Management, Readiness
for Enhanced 724
Self-Mutilation 574
Self-Mutilation, Risk for 575
Sexual Dysfunction 601
Sexuality Pattern, Ineffective 594
Shock, Risk for 601
Skin Integrity, Impaired 485
Skin Integrity, Risk for
Impaired 487
Sleep Deprivation 610
Sleep Pattern, Disturbed 602
Sleep, Readiness for
Enhanced 726
Social Interaction, Impaired 611
Social Isolation 617
Sorrow, Chronic 619
Spiritual Distress 622
Spiritual Distress, Risk for 627
Spiritual Well-Being, Readiness for
Enhanced 727
Spontaneous Ventilation,
Impaired 521
Stress Overload 633
Stress Urinary Incontinence 667
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome,
Risk for 636
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Nursing Diagnosis Index
Suffocation, Risk for 363
Suicide, Risk for 577
Surgical Recovery, Delayed 638
Swallowing, Impaired 429
Thermal Injury, Risk for 363
Thermoregulation, Ineffective 71
Tissue Integrity, Impaired 481
Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective 639
Toileting Self-Care Deficit 541
Transfer Ability, Impaired 401
Trauma, Risk for 364
Urge Urinary Incontinence 674
Urge Urinary Incontinence,
Risk for 677
Urinary Elimination,
Impaired 654
Urinary Elimination, Readiness for
Enhanced 728
Vascular Trauma, Risk for 680
Ventilatory Weaning Response,
Dysfunctional 507
Ventilatory Weaning Response,
Risk for Dysfunctional 513
Violence, Risk for OtherDirected 681
Violence, Risk for Self-Directed 689
Walking, Impaired 398
Wandering 690
Wheelchair Mobility, Impaired 400
Definitions designated as NANDA-I and characteristics and factors identified
with a blue asterisk are from Nursing Diagnoses: Definitions and Classification
2012–2014. Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2007, 2003, 2001, 1998, 1996, 1994
by NANDA International. Used by arrangement with Blackwell Publishing
Limited, a company of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. In order to make safe and
effective judgments using NANDA-I nursing diagnoses, it is essential that
nurses refer to the definitions and defining characteristics of the diagnoses
listed in this work.
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Handbook of
Nursing
Diagnosis
14TH EDITION
Lynda Juall Carpenito, RN, MSN, CRNP
Family Nurse Practitioner
ChesPenn Health Services
Chester, Pennsylvania
Nursing Consultant
Mullica Hill, New Jersey
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Acquisitions Editor: Patrick Barbera
Supervising Product Manager: Betsy Gentzler
Editorial Assistant: Jacalyn Clay
Design Coordinator: Joan Wendt
Illustration Coordinator: Brett MacNaughton
Manufacturing Coordinator: Karin Duffield
Prepress Vendor: S4Carlisle, Inc.
14th Edition
Copyright © 2013 by Lynda Juall Carpenito.
Copyright © 2010, 2008 by Lynda Juall Carpenito-Moyet. Copyright © 2006, 2004, 2002,
1997, 1995, 1993 by Lynda Juall Carpenito. Copyright © 1991, 1989, 1987, 1985 by J. B.
Lippincott Company. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of
this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and
retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by
individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government e mployees are not covered by
the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at
, or via our website at lww.com (products and services).
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in China.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Carpenito, Lynda Juall.
Handbook of nursing diagnosis / Lynda Juall Carpenito. — 14th ed.
p. cm.
Summary: “This handbook is the ideal quick reference to nursing diagnoses and
collaborative problems authored by the foremost authority on NANDA International
diagnoses. The practical, easy-access format helps you reach accurate nursing
diagnoses with speed and confidence. Sections cover nursing diagnoses, health
promotion and wellness diagnoses, collaborative problems, and diagnostic
clusters”— Provided by publisher.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-60831-110-1 (pbk.)
1. Nursing diagnosis—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Title.
RT48.6.C385 2013
616.07’5—dc23
2012015988
Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the author, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors
or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make
no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the
contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the
professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and recommended
may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations.
The author, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations
and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in
government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and
drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change
in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug.
Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned
for use in his or her clinical practice.
LWW.com
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To Olen, my son
for your wisdom and commitment to justice
for our quiet moments and embraces
for Olen Jr. and Aiden
for your presence in my life
. . . I am grateful
for you are my daily reminder of what is
really important . . .
love, health, and human trust
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Preface
Many nurses, and even some faculty, question the usefulness of
nursing diagnosis. Unfortunately, nursing diagnosis is still joined
at the hip with traditional care planning. It is time to separate these
conjoined twins so that both can function separately. Nursing
diagnosis defines the science and art of nursing. It is as imperative
to nurses and the nursing profession as medical diagnoses are to
physicians. It serves to organize nursing’s knowledge in the literature, in research, and in the clinician’s mind. Do not underestimate
the importance of this classification. A clinician with expertise in
nursing diagnoses can hypothesize several explanations for a client’s anger, such as fear, anxiety, grieving, powerlessness, or spiritual distress. Without this knowledge, the client is simply angry.
Care planning as it is taught in schools of nursing is an academic exercise. This is not wrong, but as the student progresses
into the senior year, this academic care plan must be transformed
into a clinically useful product. Students will progress to utilizing a standardized care plan rather than creating them. Copying
from books, such as this one, does not enhance one’s knowledge of
nursing diagnosis and critical analysis. Students should start with
a standardized document (electronic or pre-printed) and then
revise it according to the specific data they have acquired while
caring for their client. For example, each student would have a
standardized care plan for an individual experiencing abdominal
surgery. If the person also has diabetes mellitus, then the collaborative problem Risk for Complications of Hypoglycemia/Hyperglycemia
would be added with monitoring interventions. If another client,
post emergency abdominal surgery from motor vehicle trauma,
lost his wife in the accident, then Grieving would be added.
Faculty, nurse managers, administrators, and clinicians need to
do their part. Change is imperative. Nursing must defend its right
to determine its documentation requirements, just as medicine has.
If nursing continues to do business as usual, nursing as we want it—
nursing as clients need it—will cease to exist. Nursing will continue
to be defined by what we do and write and not by what we know.
From goals to specific interventions, Handbook of Nursing Diagnosis focuses on nursing. It provides a condensed, organized outline of clinical nursing practice designed to communicate creative
clinical nursing. It is not meant to replace nursing textbooks, but
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Preface
rather to provide nurses who work in a variety of settings with
the information they need without requiring a time-consuming
review of the literature. It will assist students in transferring their
theoretical knowledge to clinical practice; it can also be used by
experienced nurses to recall past learning and to intervene in those
clinical situations that previously went ignored or unrecognized.
The 14th edition is organized in three sections, with additional
content available online. Section 1, Nursing Diagnoses, provides
an alphabetical reference to nursing diagnoses, including Author’s
Notes and interventions for nursing care. Section 2 focuses on
Health Promotion/Wellness Nursing Diagnoses. Section 3,
Diagnostic Clusters, presents medical conditions with associated
collaborative problems and nursing diagnoses, designed for easy
reference in the clinical setting. Additional content for selected
collaborative problems and sample generic care plans are available
online at using the access
code printed in the front of this text.
Lynda Juall Carpenito, RN, MSN, CRNP
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Contents
Introduction 1
Section 1
Nursing Diagnoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Activity Intolerance 30
Activity Planning, Ineffective 36
Activity Planning, Risk for Ineffective 37
Adverse Reaction to Iodinated Contrast Media, Risk for 38
Allergy Response, Risk for 42
Anxiety 48
Anxiety, Death 56
Bleeding, Risk for 60
Blood Glucose Level, Risk for Unstable 61
Body Temperature, Risk for Imbalanced 62
Hyperthermia 64
Hypothermia 67
Thermoregulation, Ineffective 71
Bowel Incontinence 74
Breastfeeding, Ineffective 77
Breastfeeding, Interrupted 85
Breast Milk, Insufficient 86
Cardiac Output, Decreased 87
Caregiver Role Strain 89
Caregiver Role Strain, Risk for 95
Childbearing Process, Ineffective 98
Childbearing Process, Risk for Ineffective 100
Comfort, Impaired 101
Pain, Acute 107
Pain, Chronic 119
Nausea 124
Communication, Impaired 127
Communication, Impaired Verbal 131
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Confusion, Acute 134
Confusion, Risk for Acute 141
Confusion, Chronic 141
Constipation 148
Constipation, Perceived 153
Contamination, Individual 155
Contamination, Risk for Individual 161
Contamination, Family 162
Contamination, Risk for Family 163
Contamination, Community 164
Contamination, Risk for Community 167
Coping, Ineffective 168
Coping, Defensive 176
Impulse Control, Ineffective 180
Denial, Ineffective 182
Coping, Ineffective Community 185
Coping, Compromised Family 188
Coping, Disabled Family 189
Decisional Conflict 195
Diarrhea 202
Disuse Syndrome, Risk for 207
Diversional Activity, Deficient 215
Dysreflexia, Autonomic 219
Dysreflexia, Risk for Autonomic 223
Electrolyte Imbalance, Risk for 223
Energy Field, Disturbed 224
Environmental Interpretation Syndrome, Impaired 227
Family Processes, Interrupted 228
Family Processes, Dysfunctional 233
Fatigue 237
Fear 244
Fluid Volume, Deficient 249
Fluid Volume, Risk for Deficient 253
Fluid Volume, Excess 254
Fluid Volume, Risk for Imbalanced 260
Gastrointestinal Motility, Dysfunctional 261
Gastrointestinal Motility, Risk for Dysfunctional 262
Grieving 263
Grieving, Anticipatory 270
Grieving, Complicated 275
Grieving, Risk for Complicated 278
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Growth and Development, Delayed 279
Development, Risk for Delayed 293
Growth, Risk for Disproportionate 293
Failure to Thrive, Adult 294
Health, Deficient Community 297
Health Behavior, Risk-Prone 298
Health Maintenance, Ineffective 301
Home Maintenance, Impaired 313
Hopelessness 317
Human Dignity, Risk for Compromised 326
Infant Behavior, Disorganized 329
Infant Behavior, Risk for Disorganized 338
Infection, Risk for 338
Infection Transmission, Risk for 345
Injury, Risk for 350
Aspiration, Risk for 356
Falls, Risk for 361
Poisoning, Risk for 362
Suffocation, Risk for 363
Thermal Injury, Risk for 363
Trauma, Risk for 364
Perioperative Positioning Injury, Risk for 364
Intracranial Adaptive Capacity, Decreased 369
Jaundice, Neonatal 370
Jaundice, Risk for Neonatal 371
Knowledge, Deficient 372
Latex Allergy Response 373
Latex Allergy Response, Risk for 375
Lifestyle, Sedentary 377
Liver Function, Risk for Impaired 380
Loneliness, Risk for 380
Maternal/Fetal Dyad, Risk for Disturbed 385
Memory, Impaired 386
Mobility, Impaired Physical 389
Bed Mobility, Impaired 397
Walking, Impaired 398
Wheelchair Mobility, Impaired 400
Transfer Ability, Impaired 401
Moral Distress 403
Moral Distress, Risk for 408
Neglect, Self 411
Neglect, Unilateral 412
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Noncompliance 416
Nutrition, Imbalanced: Less Than Body Requirements 422
Dentition, Impaired 429
Swallowing, Impaired 429
Infant Feeding Pattern, Ineffective 435
Nutrition, Imbalanced: More than Body Requirements 439
Nutrition, Imbalanced: More Than Body Requirements,
Risk for 439
Parenting, Impaired 442
Attachment, Risk for Impaired 448
Parental Role Conflict 454
Post-Trauma Syndrome 457
Post-Trauma Syndrome, Risk for 462
Rape-Trauma Syndrome 463
Powerlessness 471
Powerlessness, Risk for 476
Protection, Ineffective 477
Dry Eye, Risk for 478
Tissue Integrity, Impaired 481
Skin Integrity, Impaired 485
Skin Integrity, Risk for Impaired 487
Oral Mucous Membrane, Impaired 490
Relationship, Ineffective 495
Relationship, Risk for Ineffective 496
Relocation Stress [Syndrome] 497
Relocation Stress [Syndrome], Risk for 501
Resilience, Risk for Compromised 502
Resilience, Impaired Individual 502
Respiratory Function, Risk for Ineffective 503
Ventilatory Weaning Response, Dysfunctional 507
Ventilatory Weaning Response, Risk for Dysfunctional 513
Airway Clearance, Ineffective 515
Breathing Pattern, Ineffective 518
Gas Exchange, Impaired 520
Spontaneous Ventilation, Impaired 521
Role Performance, Ineffective 522
Self-Care Deficit Syndrome 524
Feeding Self-Care Deficit 528
Bathing Self-Care Deficit 532
Dressing Self-Care Deficit 535
Instrumental Self-Care Deficit 538
Toileting Self-Care Deficit 541
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Self-Concept, Disturbed 544
Body Image, Disturbed 548
Personal Identity, Disturbed 555
Personal Identity, Risk for Disturbed 556
Self-Esteem, Disturbed 556
Self-Esteem, Chronic Low 566
Self Esteem, Risk for Chronic Low 563
Self-Esteem, Situational Low 564
Self-Esteem, Risk for Situational Low 567
Self-Harm, Risk for 568
Self-Mutilation 574
Self-Mutilation, Risk for 575
Suicide, Risk for 577
Self-Health Management, Ineffective 584
Self-Health Management, Ineffective Family 589
Self-Health Management, Ineffective Community 590
Sexuality Pattern, Ineffective 594
Sexual Dysfunction 601
Shock, Risk for 602
Sleep Pattern, Disturbed 602
Insomnia 609
Sleep Deprivation 610
Social Interaction, Impaired 611
Social Isolation 617
Sorrow, Chronic 619
Spiritual Distress 622
Spiritual Distress, Risk for 627
Religiosity, Impaired 628
Religiosity, Risk for Impaired 632
Stress Overload 633
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Risk for 637
Surgical Recovery, Delayed 638
Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective 639
Cardiac Tissue Perfusion, Risk for Decreased 640
Cerebral Tissue Perfusion, Risk for Ineffective 642
Gastrointestinal Tissue Perfusion, Risk for Ineffective 643
Peripheral Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective 644
Peripheral Tissue Perfusion, Risk for Ineffective 648
Peripheral Neurovascular Dysfunction, Risk for 649
Renal Perfusion, Risk for Ineffective 653
Urinary Elimination, Impaired 654
Maturational Enuresis 658
Functional Urinary Incontinence 660
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Reflex Urinary Incontinence 665
Stress Urinary Incontinence 667
Continuous Urinary Incontinence 670
Urge Urinary Incontinence 674
Urge Urinary Incontinence, Risk for 677
Overflow Urinary Incontinence 678
Vascular Trauma, Risk for 680
Violence, Risk for Other-Directed 681
Violence, Risk for Self-Directed 689
Wandering 690
Section 2
Health Promotion/Wellness Nursing Diagnoses . . . 693
Breastfeeding, Readiness for Enhanced 697
Childbearing Process, Readiness for Enhanced 698
Comfort, Readiness for Enhanced 699
Communication, Readiness for Enhanced 700
Coping, Readiness for Enhanced 701
Coping, Readiness for Enhanced Community 702
Decision Making, Readiness for Enhanced 706
Family Coping, Readiness for Enhanced 707
Family Processes, Readiness for Enhanced 707
Fluid Balance, Readiness for Enhanced 709
Hope, Readiness for Enhanced 710
Immunization Status, Readiness for Enhanced 711
Infant Behavior, Readiness for Enhanced Organized 712
Knowledge (Specify), Readiness for Enhanced 716
Nutrition, Readiness for Enhanced 717
Parenting, Readiness for Enhanced 718
Power, Readiness for Enhanced 718
Relationship, Readiness for Enhanced 719
Religiosity, Readiness for Enhanced 720
Resilience, Readiness for Enhanced 721
Self-Care, Readiness for Enhanced 722
Self-Concept, Readiness for Enhanced 723
Self-Health Management, Readiness for Enhanced 724
Sleep, Readiness for Enhanced 726
Spiritual Well-Being, Readiness for Enhanced 727
Urinary Elimination, Readiness for Enhanced 728
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Section 3
Diagnostic Clusters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729
Part 1 MEDICAL CONDITIONS 731
Cardiovascular/Hematologic/Peripheral Vascular Disorders 731
Cardiac Conditions 731
Angina Pectoris 731
Heart Failure 732
Endocarditis, Pericarditis (Rheumatic, Infectious) 733
Acute Coronary Syndrome (Myocardial Infarction,
Uncomplicated) 733
Hematologic Conditions 734
Anemia 734
Aplastic Anemia 735
Pernicious Anemia 735
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) 735
Polycythemia Vera 736
Peripheral Vascular Conditions 736
Deep Vein Thrombosis 736
Hypertension 737
Varicose Veins 737
Peripheral Arterial Disease (Atherosclerosis,
Arteriosclerosis) 738
Raynaud’s Disease 738
Venous Stasis Ulcers (Postphlebitis Syndrome) 739
Respiratory Disorders 739
Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome 739
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
(Emphysema, Bronchitis) 739
Pleural Effusion 740
Pneumonia 740
Pulmonary Embolism 741
Metabolic/Endocrine Disorders 742
Addison’s Disease 742
Aldosteronism, Primary 742
Cirrhosis (Laënnec’s Disease) 743
Cushing’s Syndrome 743
Diabetes Mellitus 744
Hepatitis (Viral) 745
Hyperthyroidism (Thyrotoxicosis, Graves’ Disease) 746
Hypothyroidism (Myxedema) 746
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Obesity 747
Pancreatitis 747
Gastrointestinal Disorders 748
Esophageal Disorders (Esophagitis, Hiatal Hernia) 748
Gastroenterocolitis/Enterocolitis 748
Hemorrhoids/Anal Fissure (Nonsurgical) 749
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s Disease,
Ulcerative Colitis) 749
Peptic Ulcer Disease 750
Renal/Urinary Tract Disorders 750
Acute Kidney Failure 750
Chronic Kidney Disease 751
Neurogenic Bladder 752
Urinary Tract Infections (Cystitis, Pyelonephritis,
Glomerulonephritis) 752
Urolithiasis (Renal Calculi) 753
Neurologic Disorders 753
Brain Tumor 753
Cerebrovascular Accident 754
Nervous System Disorders (Degenerative, Demyelinating,
Inflammatory, Myasthenia Gravis, Multiple Sclerosis, Muscular
Dystrophy, Parkinson’s Disease, Guillain-Barré Syndrome,
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) 755
Presenile Dementia (Alzheimer’s Disease, Huntington’s
Disease) 757
Seizure Disorders (Epilepsy) 757
Spinal Cord Injury 758
Unconscious Individual 759
Sensory Disorders 760
Ophthalmic Disorders (Cataracts, Detached Retina, Glaucoma,
Inflammations) 760
Otic Disorders (Infections, Mastoiditis, Trauma) 761
Integumentary Disorders 761
Dermatologic Disorders (Dermatitis, Psoriasis, Eczema) 761
Pressure Ulcers 762
Skin Infections (Impetigo, Herpes Zoster, Fungal Infections) 762
Thermal Injuries (Burns, Severe Hypothermia) 763
Musculoskeletal/Connective Tissue Disorders 765
Fractured Jaw 765
Fractures 765
Low Back Pain 766
Osteoporosis 766
Inflammatory Joint Disease 767
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Infectious/Immunodeficient Disorders 768
Lupus Erythematosus (Systemic) 768
Meningitis/Encephalitis 769
Sexually Transmitted Infections/Diseases 769
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (Adult) 770
Neoplastic Disorders 771
Cancer 771
Colorectal Cancer 774
Part 2 SURGICAL PROCEDURES 775
General Surgery 775
Amputation (Lower Extremity) 776
Aneurysm Resection (Abdominal Aortic) 777
Anorectal Surgery 777
Arterial Bypass Graft of Lower Extremity (Aortic, Iliac, Femoral,
Popliteal) 778
Arthroscopy, Arthrotomy, Meniscectomy, Bunionectomy 778
Breast Surgery (Lumpectomy, Mastectomy) 779
Carotid Endarterectomy 779
Cataract Extraction 780
Cesarean Section 781
Cholecystectomy 781
Colostomy 781
Corneal Transplant (Penetrating Keratoplasty) 782
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) 782
Cranial Surgery 783
Dilatation and Curettage 784
Enucleation 784
Fractured Hip and Femur 785
Hysterectomy (Vaginal, Abdominal) 785
Ileostomy 786
Laminectomy 787
Radical Neck Dissection (Laryngectomy) 787
Ophthalmic Surgery 788
Otic Surgery (Stapedectomy, Tympanoplasty, Myringotomy,
Tympanic Mastoidectomy) 788
Nephrectomy 789
Renal Transplant 789
Thoracic Surgery 790
Tonsillectomy 791
Total Joint Replacement (Hip, Knee, or Shoulder
Replacement) 792
Transurethral Resection (Prostate [Benign Hypertrophy or
Cancer], Bladder Tumor) 792
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Urostomy 793
Radical Vulvectomy 794
Part 3 OBSTETRIC/GYNECOLOGIC CONDITIONS 795
Prenatal Period (General) 795
Abortion, Induced 795
Extrauterine Pregnancy (Ectopic Pregnancy) 796
Hyperemesis Gravidarum 796
Gestational Hypertension 797
Pregnant Adolescent 797
Uterine Bleeding During Pregnancy (Placenta Previa, Abruptio
Placentae, Uterine Rupture, Nonmalignant Lesions,
Hydatidiform Mole) 798
Intrapartum Period (General) 798
Postpartum Period 799
Miscarriage, Spontaneous 799
Mastitis (Lactational) 800
Fetal/Newborn Death 800
Concomitant Medical Conditions (Cardiac Disease [Prenatal,
Postpartum], Diabetes [Prenatal, Postpartum]) 800
Diabetes (Prenatal) 801
Diabetes (Postpartum) 801
Endometriosis 802
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease 802
Part 4 NEONATAL CONDITIONS 803
Neonate, Normal 803
Neonate, Premature 803
Neonate, Postmature, Small for Gestational Age (SGA),
Large for Gestational Age (LGA) 804
Neonate with Meningomyelocele 804
Neonate with Congenital Heart Disease (Preoperative) 805
Neonate of a Mother With Diabetes 805
High-Risk Neonate 806
Family of High-Risk Neonate 806
Hyperbilirubinemia (Rh Incompatibility, ABO
Incompatibility) 806
Neonate of Narcotic-Addicted Mother 807
Respiratory Distress Syndrome 808
Sepsis 808
Part 5 PEDIATRIC/ADOLESCENT DISORDERS 809
Developmental Problems/Needs Related to Chronic Illness
(Permanent Disability, Multiple Handicaps, Developmental
Disability [Mental/Physical], Life-Threatening Illness) 809
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Anxiety/School Phobia 810
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (Child) 810
Asthma 810
Attention Deficit Disorder 811
Celiac Disease 811
Cerebral Palsy 812
Child Abuse (Battered Child Syndrome,
Child Neglect) 812
Cleft Lip and Palate 813
Communicable Diseases 814
Congenital Heart Disease 814
Convulsive Disorders 815
Craniocerebral Trauma 815
Cystic Fibrosis 816
Down Syndrome 816
Dysmenorrhea 817
Failure to Thrive (Nonorganic) 817
Glomerular Disorders (Glomerulonephritis:
Acute, Chronic; Nephrotic Syndrome: Congenital,
Secondary, Idiopathic) 817
Hemophilia 818
Hydrocephalus 818
Infectious Mononucleosis (Adolescent) 819
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease 819
Leukemia 820
Meningitis (Bacterial) 821
Meningomyelocele 821
Mental Disabilities 822
Muscular Dystrophy 822
Obesity 823
Osteomyelitis 823
Parasitic Disorders 824
Pediculosis 824
Poisoning 824
Respiratory Tract Infection (Lower) 825
Rheumatic Fever 825
Rheumatoid Arthritis (Juvenile) 826
Reye’s Syndrome 826
Scoliosis 827
Sickle Cell Anemia 827
Tonsillitis 828
Wilms’ Tumor 828
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Part 6 MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS 829
Affective Disorders (Depression) 829
Alcoholism 830
Anorexia Nervosa 831
Anxiety and Adjustment Disorders (Phobias, Anxiety States,
Traumatic Stress Disorders, Adjustment Reactions) 831
Bipolar Disorder (Mania) 832
Childhood Behavioral Disorders (Attention Deficit Disorders,
Learning Disabilities) 832
Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder 833
Paranoid Disorders 833
Personality Disorders 833
Schizophrenic Disorders 834
Somatoform Disorders (Somatization, Hypochondriasis,
Conversion Reactions) 834
Part 7 DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC
PROCEDURES 835
Angioplasty (Percutaneous, Transluminal, Coronary,
Peripheral) 835
Anticoagulant Therapy 835
Cardiac Catheterization 836
Casts 836
Chemotherapy 837
Corticosteroid Therapy 838
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) 838
Electronic Fetal Monitoring (Internal) 839
Enteral Nutrition 839
External Arteriovenous Shunting 840
Hemodialysis 840
Hemodynamic Monitoring 841
Hickman Catheter 841
Long-Term Venous Catheter 842
Mechanical Ventilation 842
Pacemaker Insertion 843
Peritoneal Dialysis 843
Radiation Therapy (External) 844
Total Parenteral Nutrition (Hyperalimentation Therapy) 845
Tracheostomy 846
Bibliography 847
Index 860
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