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GREEN CHEMISTRY
Dr Nam T. S. Phan
Faculty of Chemical Engineering
HCMC University of Technology
Office: room 211, B2 Building
Phone: 38647256 ext. 5681
Email:
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Chapter 5:

RENEWABLE
MATERIALS AND GREEN
CHEMISTRY
A raw material as
feedstock should
be renewable
rather than
depleting
wherever
technically and
economically
practicable
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Renewable
energy

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Solar power is the
name given for using
the energy of the sun
to provide electricity
or to heat water.
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Wind power harnesses
the power of the wind
to provide electricity 5


Hydropower
means using the
power of water to
make electricity or
run machinery

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Geothermal power
Geothermal energy is the
natural heat of the earth
which can be used to heat or
cool buildings and provide
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hot water.


Biomass is
a collective
term for all
animal and
plant
material.
Biomass
energy is
produced
by burning
or
digesting
some
forms of
these
materials8


Hydrogen fuel:
Hydrogen (H2) is being
aggressively explored as
a fuel for passenger
vehicles. It can be used
in fuel cells to power
electric motors or
burned in internal
combustion engines

(ICEs).

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Disadvantages
• Technologies still under development
• Costly
• Needs more space
• Low-intensity energy production

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Nonrenewable energy

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• A non-renewable resource is a natural resource which
cannot be produced, grown, generated, or used on a
scale which can sustain its consumption rate, once used
there is no more remaining
• These resources often exist in a fixed amount and are
consumed much faster than nature can create them
• Fossil fuels (such as coal, petroleum and natural gas)
and nuclear power (uranium) are examples

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Oil is most often used to make
gasoline, the liquid that powers
vehicles and other internal
combustion devices.

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• Coal is a combination of carbon and trace amounts of
other elements such as sulfur.
• It is mined out of the ground and used to create
electricity and for burning

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• A nuclear reaction can produce a vast amount of energy,
primarily containing heat
• Nuclear power plants typically have four main part; the
reactor core, the steam generator, the turbine, and the
condenser.

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• Biofuel is any fuel with an
80% minimum content by
volume of materials derived
from living organisms

harvested within the 10 years
preceding its manufacture
• The carbon in biofuels Æ
extracted from atmospheric
CO2 by the growing plants Æ
burning it does not result in a
net increase of CO2

• Solid biomass
• Liquid biomass
• Gaseous biomass

Renewable

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Bioethanol

There are mainly two ways of producing ethanol:
synthesis of hydrocarbons and from biomass. Only the
second approach deserves the terminology
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"bioethanol".


Bioethanol production process

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Production of bioethanol from wood

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Production of bioethanol from sugarcane

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Production of bioethanol from corn

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Production of bioethanol from sugarbeet

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Production of bioethanol from cereals

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Biodiesel

Biodiesel Æ ester (more generally methyl ester)
usually produced from vegetable oil.

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