The species of Amphibolips and their galls, Beutenmuller

59.lI7.92A

Art.iole VI.-

SPECIES OF AMPHIBOLIPS AND
GALLS.
By WILLIAM BEUTENMti'LLER.
PLATES

X-XV.

The genus All~p'tib<)li1)8 seems to be confined to North America and
contains the
of
The
are also
and very
with the
most suitable for
purposes. As is well
botanical
are of considerable scientific imlportaI1ICe,
their
structure and
are concerned.
not structureless
and the
would prove
develoI,me:nt of ve~etab!le
the
is a

still in its
and not cOInprellensively
It was first considered
scientists that the female ~all-proclucin~ ~ J .,. . " •• _
de:pm,ited simulltane(msily with its egg a
of
which caused
the sap to
and that
was considered the result of chemical action upon the
cells. This
had to be abllDc!oned,
since it has been
that the effect of the wound
from eggis at once healed up, and that there
to the
a considerable
of time from
and that no
formation takes
before
It has been disAdler that in two
la]l:iusculus
covered
and
formation commeneed
as the larvre
were about to escape from the eggs, and the same observer found that as
so the
increased in size.

the larvre grew and
Hence it may be inferred that
formation is the result of the lrntatlmg
action of the larva
in
with the
of the veg'etable
Another
arises: What is the cause of the
?
structure of the different
of
of
An
allusion to the way in which
are de'\'ell)pE~d upon
is to be found in Weismann's
liber
'
p. 304. The foll.owing palragraplh expresses his COfl('e]flti()ll
eXI~itll,tOl'Y action of the larvre of
upon the cells of the host
" Seidem Adler und
dass es
nicht ein Gift des Mutterthiers
oder
47


48

Bulletin American Jhse'!m 01 Natural

rI'u,wru.

del' Kn:osJle u. s. w. eingefiOs:st
und welches :.un den Reiz sur Gallenbildung setzt, ist die Sache um
klarer
Man kann sich
nun
dass verschiedene Reize nacheinander die die Larve einschliessenden Pllanzenzellen
deren
und
genau abig~ltufte .I:U~iz,Nirlktme:die Zellen in verschiedener Weise zur ·I'I,;;"~­
keit
sei es zum blossen Wachsen und Sichvermehren in bestimmter
Ri(~htunl~, sei es zu
Gerbsauren odeI'
odeI' .t:UIl8.l~
rungen von NahrstofJen u. s. w. Schon aHein die sehwachen
Larve werden einen solehen Reiz
der sieh mit ihrem
del'
Wachstbum
dann VOl' AHem die
und sehliessund nieht zum
welche das Thier
dureh seine
und welche wohl
welche

wirksame und vermuthlieh zeitlich weehselnde StofJe
aile diese
Momente werden als
Zellenreize nach diesel' odeI'
Richdie StofJwechsel - und
del' Zellen beeinllussen
und verandem. 1m
wenn aueh nich im J<.:illze:lnE~n,
verstehen wir so die
me durch g'e()rdnel:e A,uflemanldel"foll~
und genaue
diesel' verschiedenen Zellenreize del' in del' That
wunderbare Bau del' Gallen zu Stande kommt als das Produkt des direkten und
Einllusses des Gallinsektes auf den Pllanzentheil."
Dr. H.
his invaluable paper 'Uber den uenelrati,onswleclJLSel[s
del'
' pages 209-215
fill' Wissensch.
makes the
observations on l!'aill-tor:IlULwird
erst durch die ausschLarva die Galle
wie sich unschwer nachweisen liisst.
Bei den Zuchtversuehen wiederholt sich namlich immer die J<.:r:scllleulwle:.
die
in
odeI' in Blatter ihre Eier
dass nach dem Stich zunachst keine Reaktion des betrefJenden Pflanzene:e1welJes eintritt.
man die
in we1che Eier

so
Hndet sieh im Innern del'
von dem feinen Stichlltalls1
gar keine
so
die Larven noeh nieht
sind.
Bei den BlaUer ansteehenden
1isst es sich noeh leichter
kontrolliren. 1st z. B. von
baccarllm dn Blatt
so
sieht man deutlich die Stelle wo del' Stachel
abel' wahrend
der ersten 14
tritt eine weitere
del' BlattBache nieht
sondern erst mit dem
der Larve. Unzweifelhaft wird bei
dem Steehen
etwas Sekret der Giftdriise in die Wunde
gen, welches eben dem vom Stachel
Sehnitt in die Blattflache
verkleben soil; aber
cinen Reiz auf die
tibt dieses
ist diesel'
bei
Sekret nieht aus. Noeh weit
wenn von dieser

im Mai Blatter anl~esto(~ben


0/ A.l1lphibo,rips and their Galls.

49

yon
zu bemerken
yel'gellen .M()lltlte, heyor eine
sdmeidet mit ihrem ziemlieh
Staehel in die
Hll~ttJ'ipl)en hinein und hinterlasst dadureh eine deutliehe
wo ein Ei
abjte!let:rt wurde, Man kann von dieser
leicht
Eier aufsuerst im
die Laryen aus und dann
die
Natfirlieh wird es von Intresse
den
wahrzwnetlm,en, wo die Larve dem Ei
und die
einleitet
Leider ist dies reeht
das Ei in einer
oder in einem
Blatte
ist es dem Blicke
und es hilt

schwer dl~n :\Ioment
wo die Larva
Est ist mir
Male bei N euroteru8 larvi:u8culU8 und Biorhiza
dieses
Stadium zu beobachten. In dem
nun, wo die Larve die Eihaut
durchbroehen hat und zum ersten Male mit den feinen Kiefern die nichstg:elegeIlen Zellen
eine
Disselbe
so rasch von staUen,
wiihrend die Lan'e mit dem Hinterleibsende noch in der Eihaut
vorn bereits eine wana:rt~:e ~V1H'hf!rllnl1'
yon Zellen sich erhebt. Man kann sich freilich diese schnelle Zellenverml~brun.g wohl
wei! der von der Larve
Reiz in h&hsten
Grade bil,dUllgsfillige Zellen
die aIle
zu neuem Wacbsthume in sich vel'eiIl~en.
Gall-formation may thus yery
be considered as a path()pllYS:iopl'()bl,em and a
for the
botanist to imres:hgl!l.te
in its floral
in
with such contributions as enlloulol,ogical
may furnish from the
and determination of the tm,ic1olo,p;y
derived from the
and

characters of anatomieal value
of the larvfe.
ist.

Anaphibollips Reinhard.
HARRIS,

Ins, Mass., 1841, p. 398.
Ins. N. Y., 18';9, p. 38.
Ar.npJlib.11i}18 REINHARD, Berlin, Ent. 7..eit", Vol. IX, 1865, p. 10; l\I.UR, Gen.
Gallenb.
1881. p. 26; CRESSON,
N. Am., pt. I, 1887, pp.
26,31; DALLA TORRE and KIEJ'FER, Gen. Ins. Hymen. Fam.
1902, p. 67;
AsHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 188.5, p. 62;
Vol. X, 1903, p. 154.
Head large. Antennre in the female
in the male 15--Hj~]o,ml:ed.
Thorax very robust, wider than the head,
convex and very
scabrous or aciculated.
grooves distinct or indistinct,
obliterated
the
or coarse
Scutellum
or cushiona little wider than long, and sometimes emarginate at the tip, with the
fovere at the base very
and "'Tinkled. Abdomen smooth or punct'ur1ed,

Claws with a tooth at the base beneath.
with a
cloud,
or almost
fuliginous. Radial area open at the
Cynipll Ilponyifica O. S.
Ca,!lmlpUiia (in part) FITCH, ';th

•Varch


50

Bulletin American Museum

0/ Natural

AnlpbJibolips edn8D.s
lxrnflueTls HARRIS,
Ins. Mass.
1841. p. 397; Treat. Ins.
2nd edit., 1852, p. 433; Treat. Ins.
3rd edit.,
253, 254; ibid., Flint edit., 1862, p. 546, pI.
9, 10 and
VllI.
9. 10, and
253, 254; ibid., 1863; ibid., 1880. OSTEN
Ent.
Zeit. Stettin, 1861, pp. 405. 408, 410; SMITH, Ent. Month.

Vol. V, 1869, p. 298;
GLOVER, Ill. N. Am. Ent., 1877;
viii,
5;
U. S. Com.
1877 (I878),
p.94,
i.
19.
aciculata OSTEN
Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. I, 1861, p. 56; ibid.,
Vol. IV, 1865, pp. 341, 354; REINHARD,
Ent. Zeit., Vol. IX, 1865, p. 5;
Month.
Vol. V. 1869, p. 298; PnovANcHER, Nat. Canad., Vol. XII,
1881. p. 232; Faun. Ent. Canad.
1887, p. 176.
q. aciculata OSTEN SACXEN, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. I, 1862, pp. 245.
247; BASSETT, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. II, 1863. p. 329; WALSH. Am. Ent.,
Vol. I, 1869, p. 103; ibid., Vol.
1870, p. 330.
quercus aciculata WALSH, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. II, 1864, p. 443.
Afl'tpJlibl)li})B aciculata MAYR, Gen. Gallenb.
1881, p. 27; BEUTENMt'LLER,
Bull. Am. Mus. Nat.
Vol. IV, 1892. p. 251; DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II,
1893, p. 103.
Andricus confluens AsHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, p. 295.
Afl'tpJlibl)li})8 confluens ASHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XIV, 1887, p. 127;

Bull. I, Col. BioI. Assoc., 1890, p. 38; DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II, 1893,
p. 105; BRIDWELL, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci., Vol. XVI, 1899, p. 203; DALLA TORRE
and KIEFFER. Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 67; BEUTENMt'LLER.
Vol. XV, 1908. p. 10.
Afl'tpJlibl)lil)8 confluentue BEUTENM()LLER, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.• Vol. IV,
1892, p. 250.
x,
4; Am. Mus.
Vol. IV, 190,1, p. 96.
14; Ins.
Vicino N. Y., 1904, p. 10,
14; COOK. 29th
Gool. Nat. Hist..." ....,,,"'.
1904 (1905). p. 822.
16; FELT. Ins. Affect. Park and Woodl. Trees. Vol. II. 1006,
p.625.
Afl~pllibl)liJ)8 confluentis JARViS,
Ent. Soc. Ont., 1906 (1907), p. 70, pI.

2.
Head black, rugose. face with
aciculations. Antennm black, or somewhat
13-jointed. Thorax
rugose. with many
IOIlgltugrooves very indistinct.
traceable. Anterior

lines fine, rather
Median groove present, rather
flat and not distinct. Pleurre rugose with dense
grooves or aciculatioll..'l.
Scutellum transverae,
rugose,
rounded at the
Fovere
distinct. Abdomen
black and
punctate.
reddish brown
Wings
with a large brown
in the radial area,
which is open at the costal margin. Areolet large.
4 to 6 rom.

eonftn8D.s form
C01'ljllumcb

OSTEN SACKEN (noll Harris), Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila" Vol. I,

1861, p. 56.

q. c<)ccinea OSTEN SACKEN, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philll., Vol. I. 1862, pp. 243.
247; ibid., VoL IV, 181>5, pp. 344, 347.


oJ Amphiioolijps and their Galls.

51

que7'CU8 coccinea WALSH, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. II, 1864, p. 445.
cocciniw AsHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, p. 294.
A1l1pJIWl>lil1l! caccinea AsHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, p. 303;
ibid., Vol.
1887, p. 127; GILLETTE, 27th
Mich., 1888, p. 467;
Vol. V, 1889, p. 183; Proc. Iowa Acad. SeL, Vol. I, 1892, p. 110; DALLA
TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II, 1893, p. 104; BRIDWELL, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci.,
Vol. XVI, 1899, p. 203; DALLE TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 67.
q.
OSTEN
Froe. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. I, 1862, p. 244,
247; WALSH, Proe. Ent. Soc.
Vol. II, 1864, p. 447, 481; Am. Ent., Vol. I,
1869, p. 103; ibid., Vol. II, 1870, p. 331; PACKARD,5th
U. S. Ent. Com., 1890,
p.115.
sp.344, 347, 354.
spNox. Ins. Missouri, 1869, p. 14; SMITH.
Trans. Ent.
Lond., 1869, p. xi; CAMERON, Proc. Nat. Hist. Soc.
Vol.

III, 1876, p. no.
Ar.'f/,pl1.ib<~liJ)8 8JPtnI.{JiJlca REINHARD, Berlin, Ent. Zeit., Vol. V, 1865, p. 10; MAYR,
Gen. Gallenb.
1881, p. 27; AsHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885,
pp. 294, 304;
Vol. XIV, 1889, p. 127; Bull. No.1, Colorado BioI. Assoc., 1890,
p.38; GILLETTE, 27th
Mich., 1888, p. 468;
Vol. V, 1889, p.
184; BEUTENMilLLER, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Vol. IV, 1892, p. 251; DALLA
TORRE, Cat."
Vol. II, 1893, p. 106; DALLA TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 68.
Female. Head black, rugose, with a few scattered hairs. Antennre 13-JOllilte'11,
black or
basal
rufous. Thorax dark rufous, coarsely and iITE!gularlly
rugose,
wrinkled at the sides, and not aeiculated as in the diInorphic
female, A.
grooves continuous,
distinct and
at the scutellum. Median groove rather distinct and broad. Anterior
very narrow and indistinct. Pleurre rugose. Scutellum
rufous, rather
at the
FOVeal very
and
punctate.

amber
yellowish
with a
brown
at the base of the radial cell.
3.50 to 5 mm.
Male. Head, thorax and scutellum black with the
like that in the
female. Antennre
abdomen
from red to almost black. Otherwise as in the female.
3 to 3.50 mm.
GaU.. (Plate
1; Plate XI, Figs. 1, 2.) On the leaves
from a
vein or the
on red oak (QuerCU8 rub'l"a), scarlet oak (QuerCU8 caCC'inea),
tron or
oak (QuerCU8 velulina) in May and June. Globular or
or opaque with a thin outer shell.
filled with a
white spongy substance and with a large, hard, central larval cell. When fresh the
is
and
brown when old and
with the internal spongy substance
dark
Diameter, 25 to 50 mm.
Habitat: Canada; New
and Middle States, south to

and west
to Colorado.
All?p/~Wl>lil>l!

This well-knmvn
is very common and hundreds may be often found
upon a
tree. It makes its appearance
in
as soon as the


52

BuY-din American Museum oj Natural

rl1"
leaves
and is

on different kinds of oaks
to the red oak group,
knm'ln as
or
grown in a few weeks. It is
to its
resemblance to a small
From a
certain number of the

emerge,
tbe middle of
botb male and
female
flies. Tbese have been named Osten i:la,I:K1tm,
The
which emerge in October or the foJlovliinlZ
are all agamous
and
been named
Harris. I have examined the
of
in the Boston
of
Natural
and find it to be identical with
aciculata Osten
Sacken.
coccinea occurs on the scarlet
and is the same as
81Xmgtjica, which is found on
red oak
and quer<:itron
oak ((Jt.teTC1it8 'Ve'tuti:na). Ac,cOI"din.g to Walsh
Vol. I,
p.
A.
is the
female of A. 8]XJrngHe informs us that

the fore
or middle of June both male and female
llall1-Ill1eS of A.
eat their way out of a certain
of
while the larvre of otbers lie dormant for more tban two
when
into pupre state, and
about October eat their way out
in the form of
known as
Out of th(J'USllnc!s
of tbese autumnal flies examined
all were females with not a
male among them. He has eX!le1'1imEmtldly as(:ertain,ed,
number of these females upon isolated black oaks
not
infested with
that
cause
to be geller'l~ted
in the
upon such isolated black oaks. From
in this manner, Walsh succeeded in
two
of the
form of
which exists in botb sexes, and five
mens of the autumnal form
which exists

in the
female sex.
he treated these five autumnal
in the same
manner, i. e.,
tbem upon another isolated black
and obtained
in the
which
two
of the
form
that the autumnal form sooner or later reverts
to the
form.
of Natural HLSitOI'y
The
of A. !;W")''''''''''' are in the Boston
and A. aciculata and
are in the Museum of Com~lar;!1thre ZooIog:y.

carolinienllis Bas8ett.
A111~phiibolip8caroliniensis BASSETT,

Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XVII, 1890, p. 85.
TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II, 1893, p. 104; DALLA TORRE and
Gen.
Ins.
Fam.

1902, p. 67.
Fenwle. Head and thorax black
grooves
in
the coarse
of the thorax. Abdomen reddish brown with the second segment shorter than in A.
dark reddish brown.
DALLA


of

Amphu~liJpa

and their Galls.

53

with the fust cross-vein more
defined than in
and the dark cloud
In the base of the open radial area smaller and not
the small areolet,
1'elIlOOing: q\lute to it on the anterior side. Claws two toothed.
5.50 mm.
Gd. (Plate
3.) Attached to the midrib near the
of a leaf and
prevents its
the

of attachment. It occurs on a species
-of oak
Q1;erCUll minor. Resembles the
of Anlpkibolipa apon¢.{Wa
and
cinerea, but the surface is more
reticulated and less
Int;errlaUy the spongy ma88
the larval cell is of a much darker color.
The outer shell is thinner and in dried
is
shrunken and del)re:il8eHabitat: North Carolina (Statesville).

The
of the adult is in the American Entornologi:cal
in the American Museum of Natural
:resembles that of A11~phibol~ip8 WnqU:(n'nl18.

and the
very much

Am.pbilboJ1:ps IOngil~Ol'Iliis Bassett.
A1l~pIJibl,li1)lllon¢cornill

BA88ETr, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol.
1900, p. 321;
TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 67.

Male. Head
and
Antennm dull
15firat and second
very short, second
third one and one half
1;imes as
as the fust two, fourth three-fourths as
as the third, fifth and following scarcely shorter than the fourth. Thorax black, ..m",.hh"ritl,~ lon,gitudiina:Uy.
Palrapsid:al grooves indistinct in the coarse corrupations. Scutellum very short and
broad, with two
carinre
the doraal surface into three eql11al cOlil'll1ely
wrinkled parts. Fovere
round,
and smooth. Abdomen small,
·smooth.
brown, veins distinct, with a reddish brown cloud on the small
;areolet and at the base of the radial area. Cubitus continuous.
4 mm.
Gd. Allied to A.
and
found in similar situations on the
leaves and young
of oak. Monothalamous and very thin shelled.
it is of a soft,
and spongy
not unlike that of A. 8]Xmgijica.
35 mm. Width 30 mm.
Habitat: Texas (Palestine).

DALLA

of oak upon which the
of this
occur is not
are in a very poor condition and the
is
The
are with the American EntomoIn the American Museum of Natural
acuminata Ashmead.
Ar.rl-pllib<7lij)8 acuminata ASHMEAD, Proc. LJ. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. XIX, 1896, p. 127;
TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Faro.
1902, p. 67.

DALLA

Female.
allied to
like
but the
-distinct, and the hind

In color and stature it is
rugose, the
grooves
5 mm.


Bulletin American Museum of Natural

54

n"fUff'll.

XXVI

GaU.

Attached to the
of black
oak (Qu6reus
in
IlOmetimes peIJPE~r-s:l1aPewith the apex drawn out into a
which is sometimes bent. Yellowish brovm,
p:nJbllbl:y green when fresh, thin shelled as in
and smooth.
Inl'enlailly it is filled with a spongy llubstance, with a central, hard, larval cell.
30 to 55 mm. Diameter 15 to 30 mm.

ml:lrylallidi<:a)

Habitat:
The types are in the United States National Museum.

AJIIph:ibollips inanis
Callallpi<'1ia
N. Y.

FITCH (non Harris), 5th
Nox. Ina. N. Y., 1859,
Soc., 1858 (1859), p. 817.
q. inani& OSTEN SACKEN, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. I, 1862, pp. 242, 247;
WALSH, Proc. Ent. Soc.
Vol. II, 1864, p. 481; Am. Ent. Vol. I, 1869, p. 104,
79; ibid., Vol. II, 1870, p. 331.
inanis OSTEN SACKEN, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol.
1865, pp. 344,
347,354.
A7Irl.p}tW1881, p. 27; AsHMEAD, Trans.
Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, p. 294; ibid., Vol. XIV, 1887, p. 127; GILLETrE,27tb
1888, p. 468;
Vol. V, 1889, p. 184; Proc. Iowa Acad.
ScL, Vol. pt. II, 1892, p. 111; BEUTENMtlLLER, Bull. Am. MUll. Nat. Hist., Vol. IV"
1892, p. 251, pI. x, fig. 5; Am. MUll. Jouro., Vol. IV, 1904, p. 97,
15; Ina. Galls
Vicino N. Y., 1904, p. 11,
15; DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol.
1893, p. 105;
DALLA TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 67;
29th
Gool. Nat. Hist. Indiana, 1904 (1905), p. 823,
17; FELT, Ins.
Affect. Park and Wood. Trees, Vol. II, 1906, p. 625; JARVIS,
Ent. Soc. Ont."

1907 (1908), p. 90.
A~npJiw.oliJo8inanU8 AsHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent.
Vol. Xnn885, p. 303.
Male aoo Female. Head
black and rugose. Antennre of the f!male 1314-·]0:mtect, dark brown, basal
and terminal
reddish; IS-jointed in the
male, reddish brown or
black and
than in the female. Thorax very
ooarsely black, or somewhat rufOUll, very
and
with
a rugose median groove and the anterior
lines visible.
grooves
almost lost in the rugose surface, but traceable toward the scutellum. Pleurre rugose.
Scutellum very rugose, somewhat
at the
Fovere
with
transverse wrinkles. Abdomen reddish,
brown, posterior
tibire and tarsi sometimes infuscated. Wings
with a
brown
at
the base of the radial area, and
over the second cross-vein.
of male 3 to 4 mm.; of female 4 to 4..'5 mm.

GaU. (Plate XI,
6, 7.) On the leaves of scarlet and red oak (Quercwt
coccinea and Quercus rubra) in
and June.
green, sometinlcs with darker
spots. Globular or
so, sometinles with a small
at the apex, thin lSlU~ue'U.
with the surface
Inside with a larval cell held in position
thread-like
white filaments. When
the gall becomes
often with darker
brown
It is then very thin shelled and brittle. Dismeter 25 to 35 mm.
Habitat: Canada; New
and Middle States;
North Carolina; Ohio;
Indiana; Iowa.
C01iiff:IA:enl!;x


oj AmphiJ'lolil[)8 and their GalUi.

55

ExterJnally the
may be mistaken for that of A1inpJ'n/);oliJo8 clmjiuens,
but it as a rule smaller and the larval cell is held in pos:iticm

fibres while the
of
are filled cornpletely with a dense spongy
substance. The adults emerge in June and
The
are
in the Museum of
Two
of the
are also
in the American 1\Iuseum of Natural Hi"t",..,
Wcifoli&1l
q.
BA8..'lETT, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. III, 1864, p. 6S2; OSTEN:
SACKEN, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. IV, 1865, pp. 344, 348.
ilil':ijolire OsTEN SACKEN, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol.
1865, pp. 340,
355.
Afl~P;Ii1x)li1)8 ilic1ifolire MAYR, Gen. Gallenb.
1881, p. 27; ASHMEAD, Trallll.
Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, pp. 294, 304; BEUTENM(JLLER, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat.
Bist., Vol.
1892, p. 252,
x,
6; Am. Mus. Journ., Vol. IV, 1904, p. 97,
16;
11lll. Galis Vicino N. Y., 1904, p. 11,
16; DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II,
1893, p. 104; DALLA TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. IIlll.

Fam.
1902,
p.67; FELT, IIlll. Affect. Park and Wood. Trees, Vol. II, 1906, p. 625.
f'emale. Head black with the vertex
face rugose and
pubellcent, the hairs
toward the mouth;
red. Antennal
liS-JOllrlte1C1, first and second joints
short,
joint dull
black and
Thorax
with a short
cence, grooves obliterated
the coarse, somewhat
arranged sC1Jllpt,uring.
Scutellum very rugose with
fovere. Abdomen
ventral
reddish brown, the segments, except the first and second, with very fine mi,~ro~co:pic
punctures.
anterior and middle
reddish brown with the upper parts of
the femora and COXal black; posterior
black, reddish at the
veillll brownish black, vein at base of the open radial area, covered
a
brownish black cloud, which covers part of the
but does not reach

the anterior
of the
In some examples there is a very
brown cloud
in the basal cell. Areolet very small.
4.25 mm.
Male. Similar to the female, but with
antennre, and darker
the
almost
black.
3.50 mm.
GnU.
XII, Figs. 5, 6.) On the upper side of the leaves of scrub oak
(Quercus nana),
erect or
so, sometimes
the development of the leaf and
growing out of the petiole. Dark green,
and more slender than the basal
elo'ng.ated, fusiform with the apex
and often curved. The outer shell is thin, smooth, and opaque.
with a larval cell held in
fibres as in A n~p;,ib<>liJ>8 inalrlis.
25 to .'J5 mm.; width 7 to 20 mm.
Connecticut; New York; New

The
may be found in
and June and the adults emerge

the latter month. The
are in the American EnltornoJlogical
in the American Museum of Natural Hi:dorv.


56

Bulletin American Museum

0/ Natural

n'.,w'ru.

coelebs
quercus ooelebs OSTEN SACKEN, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. I, 1861, p. 60;
Ent. Zeit. Stettin, Vol. XII, 1861, pp. 408, 411. .
ooelebs OSTEN SACKEN, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. IV, 1865, pp. 340, 345,

348,355.
All~pl!ilx)li1JS ooelebs
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol.
1885, pp. 294,
304; ibid., Vol. XIV, p. 128; DALLA TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 67; BEUTENMOLLER, Am.
Vol. IV, 1904, p. 98,
17.

Ins. Galls Vicino N. Y., 1904, p. 12,
17.

A~npJiw.~liJ~scaelebs DALLA TORRE, Cat. ny'mtm.,
Male. Head and thorax
Antennre
l:>-JOUil'tea, reddish brown,
IUl
Abdomen
reddish bro'\\"Il.
rusty
femora and
infuscated.
with a brown spot on the second ero_vein and a pale almost obsolete brownish shade between it and the anal
of the
radial area open, second crossvein stout and
Areolet very small and
4 mm.
Gall. (Plate XI,
8, 9, 10.) On the
of a leaf of scarlet oak (QuerCWl
ooccinea) and red oak (QuerCU8 rubra). Sometimes also found on young and tender
Elinto a
base
with a
inserted on the
of the leaf and
the pnJIOl!lg1llticlD
of the leaf-vein.
green with a thin outer shell.
there is an
thin larval cell, held in

fibres.
20 to 25 mm.; width
4 to 8 mm.
Habitat: New York, New
D. C.

The
is known
are in the Museum of Comrlarl:l.ti,'e Zoollogy.
Mr. W. T. Davis and
are in the American l\luseum of
The
makes its appearance from about the middle of
.and the adult emerges
the latter month. It is
but differs
a less distinct areolet and
is somewhat similar to those of AfnphtllOllpa citlrift»""tl>1"i.
citriformia
citrifor1I1'is ASHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. IX, 1881, p. x.xVUI.
ASHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, pp. 294,
303; ibid., Vol. XIV, 1887, p. 130; DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II, 1893, p. 104;
DALLA
and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 67.
Female. Head and thorax brownish black,
and ~.oarsely punctate.

brownish. AntennlP reddish brown,
sidal grooves indistinct, lines obsolete, Hcutellum rounded, rugoso-punctate and
somewhat
Foven> distinct. PleurlP mgose. Abdomen
reddish
brown,
minutely pUllctate with a few hairs at the base of the-second segment.
A~rtpjlib<)lilJ8 C1;tri,forlnUJ


01 AmphuooliJr>8 and their Galls.

57

reddish brown,
somewhat darker, puillescerit.
radial area open, a dark brown spot
across the base from
veins
subcostal for a short distance dark
of subcostal vein, basal vein thick,
areolet closed,
5 mm.
Gall. (Plate XIII,
6-10). On the
of willow oak (QuerCUII
collSifrom narrow
to
with the

apex attenuated to II.
yeillolvisll, and rather thin
shelled.
is a larval cell held in
radliating filaments.
12 to 24 mm.; width 6 to 12 mm.
Habitat: Florida.

The
National Ml1Setlm,

of this
are in the
States
in the American Museum of Natural
AIIlph:ibollips me1anocera Ashmead.

A?irl.p}'I.W<)li}J8 mewnocera AsHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, pp.
299,303; ibid., Vol. XIV, 1887, p. 130; DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol.
1893,

p. 105; DALLA TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 67.
Male and Female. Head, antennse and thorax black, abdomen
reddish
brown. Anterior and middle
femora to near the
hind

dark brown or
black
the knees
all the COXlll
black. Head rugoso-punctate. Antennm
in the
female. Thorax
with some raised
anterior parallel lines present, rather
a rugose median groove and the
grooves
lost in the coarse surface
and traceable
Pleurm rugose.
Scutellum rugose, with the fovere at base
wrinkled,
at the
veins dark, and a
brown
center.
4.50 to 5 mm.
radius with a
Gall. (Plate XII,
1-4.)
from the bud axilis of water oak (QuerCUII
nigra). Globular or
oval, sometimes with a very short
at the apex.
green when fresh. Coffee brown and very
when

Greenish brown and
The outer shell is very
and
there is a central kernel held in
some very thin hair-like filaments. When
the
is very
and
may
crushed with the
Diameter 7-15 mm.
Habitat: Florida.

a

This
resembles
but is eWlily' distilllgtlisl.1ed
its dark antennre and dark
The
is constructed on
oval and without
as in that
but is rounded or
terminal
at the apex.
are in the United States National Museum and a numher of
are in the American Museum of Natural Hi"t",.."
cinerea

q. cinerea ASHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol.
1881, p. xix.
AlI1pJ,ilxlli/18 cinerea ASHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, pp. 294,
303; ibid., Vol. XIV, 188i, p. 294; DALL.\. TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II, 1893, p.
Fam.
1902, p. 67.
104; DALLA TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.


BuUetin American Museum of Natural n"""",u.

58

Female. Head
small,
rugose; eyes brown,
mandibles black. Antennre
back of the scutellum.
Thorax brown, broad, robust and convex; very
rugoso-punctate.
and almost l'",n:UJ'''',
sidal grooves almost obsolete. Anterior lines
indicated
coarse punctures. A
transverse furrow
the mesothorax
from the scutellum. A few
whitish hairs toward the head, disc free.
Scutellum round, elevated,

Fovella
round.
not
Plurre rugoso-punctate,
Abdomen
reddish
brown, smooth, very
punctate under a
power
and regurounded
at base of second segment, ventral sheath
Venter
the whole
reddish brown.
rather
veins reddish, a
at the base of the radial
area
third of the areolet, also
the cubitus. Basal
vein thick and clouded. Anal vein brown from
the tip of the areolet;
of radial vein
subcostal vein becomes brown as it
the basal vein
and becomes
before
the
brown
5 mm.

Gall.
7-10.) Attached to the
or
willow oak (Quercm
splleri.calor
with
a small
at the apex and of a dark crimson, mottled with small spots of a.
color. The outer shell is rather thick, and when old it is
hard and
brittle.
there is a central larval cell beld in
very dense bm,,"'Uspongy filamenta.
24 to 35 mm.; width 20 to 30 mm.
Habitat: Florida.

The

are in the United States National Museum.

cook! Gillette.
Atnpl\.ib.~lil~1'J

cookii GILLETTE, 27th
Mich., 1888, p. 495,
6;
':J.L:J
Vol. V, 1889, p. 220,
6; Proc. Iowa Acad. ScL, Vol. I, 1890, p. 56; ...,
pt. II, 1892, p. 110; DALLA TORRE, Cat.

Vol. II, 1893, p. 104.
Alltp}IUxllil18 cooki DALLA TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 67.
FlI'I'IUlk. Head black, face
the furrows
out like a fan
from either side of the
vertex and sides
rugose. Anten~ 13Thorax black and rather
aciculated.
grooves indistinct, and
traceable. Anterior
lines very indistinct. Pleurre
and
aciculated. Scutellum
rugose, with the fovella
and
Abdomen dark reddish brown to almost black, smooth and ".uuu:tg,
and
punctate.
dark reddish
OO::'ll:le
olackish. Wings
with a
dark brown
at the ba-.~
of the radial cell.
5.50 mm.
•

Gall. (Plate
1-5.)
from a bud on the terminal
of red
oak (Quercu8 room) in
and October. Almost
and
with
a small
at the apex. Green and succulent and
with red when fresh,
and with the outer shell
thick.
with a central larval cell
held in
fibres. When old the
becomes brown and shriveled
in appearance. Diameter about 16 to 18 mm.
Habitat: Connecticut; New York; New
North Carolina
Mts.);
Iowa.

.....


of Amphil'Jolij08 and their

Galls.

59

The
somewhat resembles that of a
but differs
a thicker outer shell and much stouter
fibres. It is an autumnal
and the
break off when
or it falls with tbe
leaves or before them. It is a bud
while that of A. inanw occurs on
the leaves in
The adult emerges late in
and
in
tember. The
are in the Iowa
and the adult was
sent to me for examination
Prof. H. E. Summers.
of the
from Prof. C. P. Gillette are in the American Museum of Natural
tinctorim Ashmead.
AlIrlp}tibl,li1~8

ti1ldaria AsHMEAD, Proll. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol.
1896, p. 125;
TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. IIlll.
Fam.

1902, p. 68.
Female. Head black rugose. Antenllal
dark brown. Thorax
more or less
the strim are sometimes
and
grooves obliterated, or
indicated anlberiorl;y.
Scutellum coarsely rugose with the fOVeal
and seIlar,ate,d
a carina.
Pleune rugose,
and sometimes with liI. raised
area. Abdomen black, dark brown beneath, and
of second and
segments
brown.
veins distinct, dark
first
cro88-vein angl.ilated and enclosed in a bro"l'r"Il
Areolate
4.6
to 5 mm.
GaU. (Plate XIV,
1, 2.)
from a bud on
oak
(QuerCUll
and red oak (QuerCUll rubra) in autumn.
acuminate, at tip,

with the
sides keeled. Green or red when fresh
and brown when old. Rather thick
and smooth.
it is hollow
with 11 central larval cell held in
fibres.
12 to 20 mm.
Habilat. Connecticut; New
DALLA

Allied to Anvphibol'ips 8~ngt)'lca,
distinguiishl~S it from that "'1""'"''''''
bud and the characteristic keel
it at once from all other known
United States National
American Museum of Natural

The
of the

are in the
are in the

Ashmead.
ASHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XIV, 1887, pp. 127,
141; DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II, 1893, p. 105; DALLA TORRE and KIEFFER,
Gen. Ins.
Fam.

1902, p. 68.
pulbescent, and
allied to
Female. Reddish brown,
and
pubescellt and the head and
The
of
vein
rugose. The
thorax less


Bulletin American Mmeum of Natural

00

n"""UTrll.

and the cloud at base of radius are disltinc:tly black. The areolet is smaller than in
A.
4.50 mm.
Gall. On leaves of laurel oak
Brown, globullar, covered
with
The outer shell is thick and
it is
of a
spongy sul>stlmce, which surrounds the thin central larval cell.
1.50 mm.

Habita.t: Florida.

The

are in the

States National Museum.

A.uapbJiboJipa glolbultll sp. nov.
Fe1I'Il:Ile.

Head black
and rather
rugoso-punctate. Thorax black,
and
rugose, almost gra,nuloSle.
and median grooves
distinct from the scutellum to about the
thence obliterated. Anterior
lines, fine and
Grooves at base of
distinct, but not
Scutellum black, more
rugose than the thorax,
emiar'~ll.te at the
Fovere
wrinkled. Abdomen dark reddish brown.
smooth and
with a dark brown
at the base of the radial area. Areolet

and
6 mm.
Gall. (Plate XIV,
3,4,5.) On the
of black
oak (QuerCUlf marylandica) in
Globular, thick shelled, with a small
at the apex.
Filled with a very dense mass of
spongy substance. Green when fresh,
brown when dry. Diameter 14 to 17 mm.
Habimt; Lakehurst, New

The
very much resembles that of HCllcai8p:is QI~buiU8 exferntall,Y, but
are in the
the internal structure is very different. The
Museum of Natural lllISLU'l")'.

nw'riUpen,nis HARRIS,
Ins. Mass.
1841, p. 399; Treat.
2nd edit., 1852, p. 434; Treat. Ins.
3d edit.,
1862, p. 548; ibid., Flint edit., 1862, p. 548; ibid., 1863, p. 548; ibid., 1880, p. 548;
OSTEN SACKEN, Ent. Zeit. Stettin, 1861, pp. 409, 412; Proc. Ent. Soc.
Vol. I.
1861, p. 63; WAUlH, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. II, 1864, p. 484.
FITCH, 5th
Ins. N. Y. 1859 (TraM. N. Y. iUITIC·Ul.

1858 (1859), p. 818).
AIltp11Uxili118 nubii!ipllnnis ASHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, pp.
304, ibid., Vol. XIV, 1887, p. 128; DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II, 1893,
p. 105; BEUTENMOLLER,
Vol. XV, 1908, p. 10.
quercus
BASSETT, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. II, 1863, p. 324;
quercus
WAUlH, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. II, 1864, p. 484.
OSTEN SACKEN, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. IV, 1865, pp.
356.
PACKARD, 5th Rep. U. S. Ent. Com., 1890, p. 114.
A'lirtpJlilx1lij1118CUlp'a MAYa, Gen. Gallenb.
1881, p. 27;
Trans.
Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, pp. 294, 304; ibid., Vol.
1887, p. 127; GILLETTE,


01 A mphvoolijps and their Galls.

61

27th
Mich., 1888, p. 468;
Vol. V, 1889, p. 184; Proc. Iowa
Acad. Sci., Vol. I, 1892, p. 111; DALLA TORRE,
Vol. II, 1893, p. 105;
COOlt,29th

Geol. Nat. Hist. Indiana,
(1905), p. 825; DALLA TORRE
and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 68.
Female. Head black,
and
rugose. Antenme
or very dark rufous. Thorax
and irrElgularly
Parapsidal grooves continuous, rugose.
at the collar and
COltlvllrging toward the scutellum where
are not
Anterior
lines
fine and
visible on the rugose
From the
scutellum to the collar there is a rather broad, rugose median groove. Pleune
and
rugose. Scutellum rugose,
Fovem
very
about one half of the scutellum, somewhat
and transversely
from rufous to
punctate, except at the smooth base.
coxae
with a brown cloud from the second cross-vein to the

rather delicate. Areolet
2.50 to 3.50 mm.
Male. Head. thorax and scutellum similar to that of the female. black. Antennal
and
than the female, rufous. Abdomen
with the
puncltation exlJeel:iingly minute and not visible without a strong lens.
..:1,.....". without and dark cloud. veins very delicate.
brown.
2.50 to 3 mm.
Gall. (Plate
8-10.) Attached to the under side of leaves of red oak
(Quercus rubra), and scarlet oak (Quercus ooccinea). Globular or
oval and
the color of a green grape sometimes with a tinge of
succulent and translucent.
In:teI'ltlally there is a
cell which can be seen when held up to the sUIlllgnt.
Diameter 6 to 18 mm.
Habitat: New York; New
Connecticut; Massachusetts;
Iowa;
Illinois.

The
of this distinct
about the middle of June to
latter month.
The
when fresh is almost

like a green grape and is sometimes
or
It is
and soft with a hard central larval celL
When
and very distorted in
It is then
hard and
and contains a rounded larval cell in
substance. I have examined Harris'
of the
and
and found them
to be identical with the
of
Bassett. The
of A.
are in the Boston
of Natural
and the
of A.
are in the American IVluseum of Natural
and
the American En,tornologiical 0u,:n::ty.
racemaria
q. racemaria

AsHMEAD,

Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. IX, 1881, p. xxvi.

Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 188S, pp.

An~pllilxllills racemaria ASHMEAD,


62

BuUetin

A mer'ican It/useum 0/ Natural

LH.~...,r".

294,303; ibid., Vol. XIV, 1887, p. 127; DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II, 1893,
p. 105; DALLA TORRE and
Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 68.
Pemale. Head
rather small, and
rugoso-punctate, face very
pulbescerlt and a
tuft of
of the eyes. Antennre 14Thorax
and
punctate. PleUl"l:e less
and
punctate. Abdomen
black and

balf of
second segment, and
segment
at the base,
punctate; second segment with a few hairs; ventral sheath very
brown, coxre black,
or brownish black,
veins black; radial area rather narrow. Areolet present.
4 to 4.25 mm.
GaU. (Plate
6, 7.) On the under side of leaf of laurel oak (Quercu.s
in
and
Globular or
sour and succulent.
Green when fresh, and brown and shriveled when
with Ii reddish
larval celL Diameter 8 to 10 mm.
HahUat: Florida.

The
very much resembles that of
nubili
are in the United States National Museum and one
in the American Museum of Natural LUI5Lu'ry.

is

AD:lph:lbollipa pronu
Cynips qu.e7'CU8 jugums OSTEN SACKEN, aoc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. I, 1862, p. 255;

GLOVER, m. N. Am. Ent., 1878,
6
i DALLA TORRE, Cat.
men., Vol. II, 1893, p. 71.
ASHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, p. 296.
qu.e7'CU8 prunus WALSH, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Vol. III, 1864, p. 639;
Am. Ent. Vol. I, 1869, 104,
80.
Anlphiboi!ips prunus
Gen. Gallenb.
1881, p. 27; AsHMEAD, Trans.
Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XIV, 1887, p. 130; Bull. 1, Col. BioI. Assoc., 1890, p. 38; Ln.-rNER,4th
Ins. N. Y., 1888, p. 24,
18, 19; GILLETTE,
Vol. V,
1889, p. 184; PACKARD, 5th
U. S. Ent. Com., 1890, p. 115;
Bull. Am. Mus. Nat.
Vol. IV, 1892, p. 252; Am. Mus. Journ., Vol. IV, 1904,
p.98,
18; Ins. Galls Vicino N. Y., 1904, p. 12,
18; DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II, 1893, p. 105; DALLA TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 67; COOK, Proc. Indiana Acad. ScL, 1904, p. 225; 29th
Geol.
and Nat. Hist. Ind., 1904 (1905), p. 824,
18; FELT, Ins. Affect. Park and \Vood.
Trees, Vol. II, 1906, p. 628.
Female. Head and thorax

tennllJ
short, rather stout.
groove present, but not distinct. Anterior
Lines near base of
Scutellum rugose, fovelJe at base
Abdomen blackish, suIJop,aque,
not punctate,
yellowish brown.
from the base of the radial area to the apex.
about 6 mm.
GaU. (Plate XV, Figs. 1, 2, 3.) On acorn cups of red oak (QuerCU8 rubra),
Scrub oak (Q·uerCU8 nana),
oak (Quercus l'lllutina) and scarlet oak


01 .4mphil'Jolilo8 and their Galls.

63

CUB coccinea) in
and
red, more or less globultar,
and sometimes
almost like a marble. When fresh it is solid but
Qf a
color inside,
into
toward the middle, where there is a
larval chamber.
it becomes mature and it turns blood red, and

when old and dry it becomes 80 hard as to be cut with
Diameter 15 to
25mm.
Habitat: New
and Middle States; south to
and west to Colorado.

Bassett.
AlI~pl!ib<7li17s

gainesi BASSETT, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XXVI, 1900, p. 322;
and KIEFFER, Gen. IllS.
1902, p. 67.
Female. Head black,
rugose with sparse, short,
hairs. Antennro
rather short,
Mesothorax coarsely rugose, stout,
grooves
very indistinct and
discernible in the coarse
of the surface. Antenor
of
lines short, narrow and
indistinct. Line of the base of
rather broad and
but not
Pleurre rugose, black. Scutellum rather
and rugose,
Fovero

somewhat
Abdomen black,
very
and
punctate, basal
balf rather
margins of all the segments very narro,wl,y
smooth and
reddish brown,
tarsi dark brown.
dark
brown with a darker cloud from the first cross-vein to the apex. Veins dark
brown, crOllll-veins very stout and
Areolet very large. Radial area open.
6 to 7 mm.
Gall. (Plate XV,
to the sides of an
acorn cup Qf black
Perfedlv round and smooth
and of a dense
substance. Int.enlally it is rusty brown, contains a
centrallarval chamber, which is
imbedded in, and adherent to the sUITolmding
mass. Diameter 24 to 42 mm.
Habitat: Texas (Austin).
D.~LLA TORRE

The
is one of the
allied to A11i~pltiboi'ips

prunu.s Walsh. The
is roI111~id.era.bly
than that of A. prunUIJ and
it does not shrivel up like prunlu.
The
of the
and
are with the American
Sociand
of
are also in the American Museum of Natural
A fine series of
of A.
sent to me
Mr.
C.
collected at
the
for this "'pt::u",,,,.
I succeeded in
four females from these

juliigiOOlla ASHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent.

Vol. XII, 1885, p. vii.

Alnp,liwQlipll,juliigi:oosa ASHME.m, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, p. 294;

Vol.

Cat.
Vol. II, 1893, p. 104;
Fam.
1902, p. 6i.
HlllcilllpuJfuligi:oolraAsHMEAD, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. XII, 1885, p. 303.
Female. Head black, rugose, and
Antennre black, 13-

DALLA TORRE

1887, p. 130; DALLA
and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.

TORRE,


64

Bulletin American J"!uscum of Natural

H

'~'UJ"

U.

Thorax almost
rugose with the palrarlsiclal
traceable
lines rather

Pleurre like the thorax. Scutellum more
rugose with two
rounded. Abdomen
and rather
and
punctate,
and smooth
brown, femora rather stout.
brown, veins darker.
'" to 5 mill.
GaU. (Plate XV,
6,7.) On the
or n"'.QiI~lv on the aoorns of willow
oak (Quercus
in August. Rounded or
smooth, and of a
texture, with a central larval cell. Reddish brown and rather hard when dry.
Diameter 8 to 12 mm.
Habitat:
Florida.

The adult is allied to A1l"'pl~ib()fil)S
differs in
the
brown and
smaller. The
has the appearance of a miniature
of A1nphillol,ipt/
prunU8, and is similar in strueture. W. H. Ashmead states that the
from

tre{'s in
and that he was unable to find out whether
grow on the
or leaves. I am of the
that it is an aeorn
to the resemblance of the adult and structure of the
to that
of A. prunu8.
).[useum and
The
are in the United States
in the American Museum of Natural Hi"tn,rv~
ADlphibollips palmeri Bassett..
An~p}lilx;liJ)8 palmeri BASSETT, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.• Vol. XXVI, 1900, p. 322;
DALLA TORRE, Cat.
Vol. II, 1893, p. 105; DALLA TORRE and KIEFFER,
Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 67.
Female. Head black, face
wrinkled, vertex
wrinkled. Antennre black, very short,
first
short, third
one-half
than the first and second u>@:etller,
half as long as the third,
short, last
a little
than thE"

twelfth. Mesothorax
and
wrinkled with two obscure
lines and a line at the base of each
grooves faint lind "...>1, ........1'"
int;erl~uflt the
of the surface. Scutellum very coarsely wrinkled. and L'l
much broader in the middle than on the anterior side, truncate and errlargillHte
line
them and a
fovere
rugose with a low
ridge
them at the sides, the whole
lind
Abdomen
black, second segment
one-half of the whole, anterior half smooth and
and with a few scattered hairs. Thl'
half and the visible parts of
the other segments
reticulated or punctate, except a narrow
band
on the margin of each.
black,
with a few scattered hairs.
dark,
brown, with a very dark brown cloud covering the areolet and the lower
half of the radialnrea;
this nnd eXlemling llcniss the radial area to almost

the posterior margin is a light colorll'ss spot atHl the anterior margin from the dark,
broad. first cross-vein to a short distance
the second cross-vein is of the sam(~
color;
of wing
the
spot, dark
brown as below this spot.
Areolet very small, but well definl'd. Radial area open, large and broad.
6.5 mm.


0/

Amphi
65

Gall.

(Plate
10, 11.) On the terminal small
of a
Monothalames, round, with the surface uneven, or somewhat WI:1WA"Y,
sometimes with a few scattered very short
brown;
the outer shell is thin, but firm.
it is of 11 soft, uniform porous or spongy
consistence,
the entire

The larval cell is rounded and is embedded in the
soft
Bubstance. Diameter 35 to 70 mm.
Habitat: Summit of Sierra
and
Jalisco, Mexico.
(QuerCUII

The
known
of
are in the collection of the American
men of the
from
of Natural His:tory.

"

The
and a
is in the American Museum

El1ltolm(J,lo~~c:ll.l uiOCII::t;y,

trlzonata Aahmead.
A1i'lp}~ilxJlillB triwnata AsHMEAD, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. XIX, 1896, p. 125;
DALLA TORll.E and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1002, p. 68.
Male and

antennre, face, tibire, and tarsi dark
ocelli red; antennre of the female
of the male
Head and
thomx very
rugose.
grooves
anterior
lines and grooves on the shoulders present. Scutellum very
with the fovere
and almost confluent,
11
carina.
polished, the
portion of the second segment and the folsegments
punctate.
with thrce
brown trnn8verse
the one at the base not as distinct as the one across the middle and the
one at the apex of the
veins
brown. Areolet
5 to
6mm.
8, 9.) On the young twigs of a
of oak in June.
Gall. (Plate XV,
,,,In,bnla1l'' with a
thick outer shell. Yellowish and
Almost or

almost smooth. Inl:enlallly it is
filled with a soft,
substance like
Celltnllly there is a larval cell which is fastened to the surrOtmding mass. Diameter 20 to 35 mm.
Habitat: Arizona (Fort Grnnt).

The
of the flies and
of this distinct
are in the United
States National Museum and
in the American Museum of Natural
The ('haracteristic band on the
it
from all other known
The
very much resembles that of
Andricu.y
but the internal substance of tnzonata is much
softer and
from the outer shell.
to W. H. Ashmleal:l,
the
is said to grow on the blossoms of an oak.
A.D:lphibollips badia Ba8sett.
Alltpf.iilxl/ilJIl bwliull IhRRETT, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol.
HlOO, p. 323.
blUUa DALLA TORRE and KIEn'ER, Gen. Ins. Hymen. Fam.

An!phibo:~ipll

1902, p. 67.
Mardi


66

Bulletin American Muaeum 01 Natural

,,,,,,u.

u ..

Female. "Head, antenrne, thorax and
dark brownish red. Head and
thorax covered with short,
hairs. Antenrne short,
half all
88 the
thirteen
first
short, second very short and
third one
than the two
taken
fourth one third shorter than the
and sixth
shorter;
3,4,5, and 6
at the apex than

at the base. Face covered with
hairs, and there is an OUillClllre. COlilVI~~iDll:
line from the base of each antennle to the mouth. Head rather small, not broader
than the thorax. Prothorax
a very narrow
band. Mesothorax
full and rounded in front,
but rather
punctate.
grooves and other lines very
because of the short, dense and
closel;y applreBlled hairs. These obscure
grooves POl~telriolrly.
Scutellum small, rounded and
elevated
and the hairiness coarser
and more dense than on the mesothorax. Fovela small, almost obsolete.
darker than the
covered with short, fine and
Abdomen
black and
second segment
very
conthe other
but
to less than one-half the dorsal
The sides of
segment are covered with a dense
of
reddish

dark
brown, veins dark, almost black. Areolet small.
disaplpesLrirag a short distance from the first cross-vein.
6 rom. H.
F. Bassett.
Gall. Unknown. .
Habitat: Connecticut (Wau!rb1I1rY').

was described from a
female caJ>tUJred at
on a terminal bud of a shoot of a
of white oak
The
is in the American ~n:tOlnoJlogJ,cal ~"'~'.J'

.ua.:"'lCI••,

ADlphibollips verna Bassett.
Ar,rtp}1w.>li1)$ verna BASllETr, Trans. Am. Ent.
Vol. XXVI, 1900, p. 3'21;
TORRE and KIEFFER, Gen. Ins.
Fam.
1902, p. 68.
Female. Head small, rugose, black. Antennle black,
first
stout, second one-half as
as the
third a little
than the first and
second

and
curved, fourth two-thirds, and the fifth one-half as
as the third, sixth to thirteenth
fourteenth one half
than the
thirteenth. Thorax small, rugose and
covered with short hairs. Anterior
lines
more than half way to the scutellum.
grooves
very obscure and the lines over the base of the
rather less so, all short. Scutellum
rugose, Fovela
shallow and not smooth. Abdomen
black,
and
punctate,
as is also the pOllterior
of the last segment and the sheath of the
uniform dark red.
fuscous, veins reddish
not
Areolet
and nearer the anterior
than in most
Cubitus
the first cross-vein.
4.50mm.
Habitat: Connecticut (W'atl~rb'I1rY')'
DALLE

known
a
the buds of scrub oak (Q'!<~C1U8
the American .h:ntornollogllcal

on


BUI.LETIN

A. M. N. H.

VOL.

XXVI.

PLATE

:1 mJlhiboliJl'~ conjllll:m (Harris).
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X.



BULLEn" A. M. N. H.

\"01..

XX\"1.

Pl..\TE

10

5

9

6

ELBtuttnmulltr

1, 2.

3.

.4mphiboliJ>'~ confiuens

(Harris).

Cllrolinensi.~ Bas~f't l.

8-10.

-t ..i.
6, 7.

..IIIIJlhiboliJisl'ur-ld)s

.-\ IIlJ)hiboliJ's IIc'/Il11inll/O Ashlll.
ilUl1Iis (0. S.).

(0. :-:.l.

D'git.7ed by

Coogle

XI.



B(;I.I.~TIX

.-\. M.

N. H.

\"01..

XX\·!. Pun: XII.

9

ELBeuten muller

1-4.

A 71lphibolips 71lelan(Jrera .\shm.
5. 6. A mphi/m/ijl8 ilir(;oli,l' (Bass.).
i-IO. AmJlhiboli1'8 rillereo Ashm.

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