THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH INSECTS VOL 11, DONOVAN

T

E

II

NATURAL HISTORY
O F

BRITISH INSECTS;
EXPLAINING THEM
IN

THEIR SEVERAL STATES,

WITH THE PERIODS OF THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS,
THEIR FOOD, (ECONOMY, &c.
TOGETHER Wit

II

THE

HISTORY OF SUCH MINUTE INSECTS
AS

REQUIRE INVESTIGATION BY THE MICROSCOPE.
THE WHOLE ILLUSTRATED BY

COLOURED FIGURES,
DESIGNED AND EXECUTED FROM LIVING SPECIMENS,

By

E.

DONOVAN,
VOL.
iimrn-tiiHTTr

i

F.L.8,

XI.
—-"—'

<^3

LONDON:
Printed for the Author,
And

for F. C.

and

J.

Rivington, N°

62, St.

WDCCCVI,

Paul's Church-Yard.


"Pi

Ai ABh:-.

-






;

[

29

]

PLATE

DLL

PHRYGANEA INTERRUPTA.
BROKEN-BAR PHRYGANEA.

NEUKOPTERA.
GENERIC CHARACTER.

Mouth

with a

homy fhort

three: antennae fetaceous,

curved mandible

:

feelers four

:

ftemmata

longer than the thorax: wings equal, in-

cumbent, lower ones folded.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER

AND

SYNONYMS.

Wings

black, with an interrupted white

band of dots near the

middle, and white dot on the anterior margin nearer the

PhkygaNjEA interrupta:
anticis

Syjl. T. 2.

p. 79- 25.

willows on the banks of rivers and rivulets in

various parts of Britain.

banks of the Dee.

nigra alis nigris: fafciis quatuor niveis

interrupts, pofteriori marginali punctata.

Fabr. Ent.

Common among

tip.

Frequent about Plymouth, and on the

Fabricius defcribes

it

as a native of England.

PLATE






6tS


21

I

PLATE

3

DXLVIII.

FIG.

I.

I.

PHRYGANEA MONTANA.
MOUNTAIN SPRING-FLY.

KEOROPTERA.
GENERIC CHARACTER.

Mouth

with a horny lhort curved mandible

:

feelers four

mata three : antennae fetaceous, longer than the thorax

:

:

ftem.

wings equal,

incumbent, and the lower ones folded.
3PECIFIC CHARACTER

AND

SYNONYMS,

PHRYGANEA Montana.

Anterior wings teftaceous with daubs

and confluents

tranfverfe

marks of fufcous

:

pofte-

rior wings pale, border with alternate fufcous and

pale fpots.

Found abundant on

the borders of rocky mountain

ftreams in

Wales, and fimilar fituations in Ireland and other parts of Britain.

The

fmalleft figure, as in the following fpecies, denotes the natural

lize.

FIG.


PLATE

22

FIG.

DXLVI1I.

II. II.

PHRYGANEA MACULATA.
SPOTTED SPRING-FLY.

SPECIFIC

CHARACTER

SYNONYMS.

Phrygantsa maculata

:

Anterior wings pale teftaceous towards

the bafe, and faintly reticulated with dusky
fal

edge with four

feries

diftinct

dark fpots,

:

dor-

and

a

of dark dots next the border at the apex.

A new fpecies, found in tolerable plenty on

the rivers of

Cumber-

land and Devonihirc

PLATE





\

X


9

L

]

PLATE

CCXX.

PHRYGANEA RHOMBIC A.

Spring Fly.

Neuroptera.

GENERIC CHARACTER.
Mouth
Thorax.
folded,

furniihed
Firft

with four palpi.

Wings

Antennae longer than the

laid horizontally

on the body.

Under Wings

and concealed beneath.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER
AND

SY NO NY MS.

Wings

greyifh brown,

Firft pair

marked with rhombic whitifh

fpots.

PHRYGANEA Rmombica alis grifeis
Linn. Syjl. Nat.

:

macula lateralirhombica alba.

— Fab. Ent.

Syji.

T. 4. p. 77. 13.

Roef. Inf. 2. Aqu. 2. tab. 16.
Schaff. Icon. tab. 99. fg. 5. 6.

The Phryganea undergo

their transformations in the water

the larva ftate they are taken

by

the fifliermen

for

found fo abundant,

that

fome

parts of Holland, are

as a

cheap manure for the land.

In the larva

C

bat

;

:

in

and, in

they are ufed

ftate,

they generally


PLATE

10
rally
It is

form

a fort of covering, or tube, for their defencelefs bodies.

open only

at

truded, to take

one end,

its

weeds and fmall
fpecies,

is

CCXX.

prey.

at

which

Some

fhells, gravel,

compofed of

an even form, and

little

its

head and fore legs are proform thefe coverings of

fpecies
fand,

pieces of the

laid tranfverfely

That of our prefent

&c.

italics

on each

of grafs, cut into

other.

It attaches this

tube to the roots of fome aquatic plants, and undergoes
mations in

it.

its

transfor-

In the annexed plate, we have reprefented the larva

taken from the tube, and the pupa having the tube opened to exhibit
its

fituation therein.

The Fly

is

very

common

about ponds, rivers, and marfhy places *

Hate






—
23

C

3

PLATE

,

*.

LXXXI.

tIBELLULA DEPRESS A,
Neuroptera.

GENERIC CHARACTER.
Wings

Naked,

four.

Tail without

tranfparent, reticulated with veins or nervesi

fting.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Head and thorax

Eyes brown.
verfe lines.

A

dark fpot on the exterior margin of the wings.

rather depreffed

on each

two yellow

greenifh, with

that of the female, bright

;

divifion

j

tranf-

Body

brown with yellow marks

blue grey, with fimilar marks of

that of the male,

yellow.

Syjl.

Ent. 420.

Linn.
Libelluta,

&c. Geoff.

Lib Hula , &c. Raj.

Syjl.

2.

Nat.

Inf. 2.

2.

226.

902.

Fn. Sy.

5.

14.13.

9.

Inf. 49. 5.

Reaum.

Inf. 6.

Tab. 35. Fig.

I.

Roef. Inf. 2. Aqu. Tab. 6. Fig. 4.

Tab.

Edw. Av. Tab.

The Male
rially in

gine

it

7.

Fig

3.

333.

Infect of the Libellula Depreffa, differs fo very mate-

colour from the female of that fpecies, that

we cannot ima-

will be improper to give a figure of the former in our prefent
1

Number,