Slide introduction to information ssstem 10th obien chap010 eng

James A. O’Brien

Introduction to Information Systems

1

Chapter

10
Developing
E-Business
Solutions

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James A. O’Brien

2

Introduction to Information Systems

Chapter Objectives

•

Use the IS development process and the model of information systems
components from Chapter 1 and this chapter as problem-solving
frameworks to help you propose information systems solutions to
simple business problems.

•

Describe and give examples to illustrate how you might use each of the
steps of the information system development cycle to develop and
implement an E-Business system.

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James A. O’Brien

3

Introduction to Information Systems

Chapter Objectives

•

Explain how prototyping improves the process of systems development for end
users and IS specialists.

•
•

Identify the activities involved in the implementation of new information systems.
Describe several evaluation factors that should be considered in evaluating the
acquisition of hardware, software, and IS services.

•

Identify some of the challenges involved in the implementation process for
managing technological change.

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Introduction to Information Systems

James A. O’Brien

Systems Approach to Problem Solving
Define
Define
the
the
Problem
Problem

Develop
Develop

Monitor and Evaluate Results

4

Alternative
Alternative
Solutions
Solutions

Select
Select
the
the
Solution
Solution

Design
Design
the
the
Solution
Solution

Implement
Implement
the
the
Solution
Solution

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Introduction to Information Systems

James A. O’Brien

5

Traditional Systems Development Life Cycle
Understand the
Business
Problem or

Systems
Systems Investigation
Investigation
Product:
Product:
Feasibility
Feasibility Study
Study

Opportunity
Develop an

Systems
Systems Analysis
Analysis

Information

Product:
Product:

System

Functional

Functional Requirements
Requirements

Solution
Systems
Systems Design
Design
Product:
Product:
System
System Specifications
Specifications

Implement
the Information
System

Systems
Systems Implementation
Implementation
Product:
Product:
Operational
Operational System
System

Solution
Systems
Systems Maintenance
Maintenance

Product:
Product:
Improved
Improved System
System

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Introduction to Information Systems

James A. O’Brien

6

Prototyping Process
Identify
Identify an
an End
End
User's
User's Information
Information
Requirements
Requirements

Develop
Develop
Information
Information System

System
Prototypes
Prototypes
Prototyping
Cycle
Revise
Revise the
the Prototypes
Prototypes
to
to Better
Better Meet
Meet End
End
User
User Requirements
Requirements
Maintenance
Cycle
Use
Use and
and Maintain
Maintain
the
the Accepted
Accepted
System
System

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Introduction to Information Systems

James A. O’Brien

7

End User Development

Controls
Controls
What
Whatcontrols
controls
are
areneeded?
needed?

Input
Input
What
Whatdata
data
isisrequired?
required?

Processing
Processing
What

Whatoperations
operations
on
onthe
theinput
input
isisrequired?
required?

Storage
Storage
Will
Willthe
the
application
applicationneed
need
totostore
storedata?
data?
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Output
Output
What
Whatinformation
information
isisneeded?
needed?

James A. O’Brien

8

Introduction to Information Systems

Systems Investigation

Economic

Organizational

Feasibility

Feasibility

Can we afford it?

Is it a good fit?

Technical

Operational

Feasibility

Feasibility

Does the

Will it be accepted?

capability exist?

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Introduction to Information Systems

James A. O’Brien

9

Systems Analysis

Organizational
Organizational

Key
Areas of
Systems
Analysis

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Present
Present

Functional

Functional

System
System

Requirements
Requirements


James A. O’Brien

10

Introduction to Information Systems

Systems Design

User
User
Interface
Interface
Design
Design

Data
Data

Process
Process

Design
Design

Design
Design

Screen, Form, Report

Data Element

and Dialog Design

Structure Design

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Program and
Procedure Design


James A. O’Brien

11

Introduction to Information Systems

Computer-Aided Systems Engineering

Planning
Toolset

Server
Repository

Analysis
Toolset

CASE

Design
Toolset

Information
Integrator

Workstation
Repositories

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Code

Database

Generation

Generation

Toolset

Toolset

System
Interface


James A. O’Brien

12

Introduction to Information Systems

The Implementation Process

Implementation
Implementation
Activities
Activities

Development
Development
Acquisition
Acquisition

and
and
Modification
Modification

System

System

End
End User
User

Testing
Testing

Training
Training

System
System
DocuDocumentation
mentation

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Conversion
Conversion


James A. O’Brien

13

Introduction to Information Systems

Evaluating Hardware and Software

Hardware Evaluation

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Performance
Cost
Reliability
Compatibility
Technology
Connectivity
Scalability
Support
Software

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Factors

Software Evaluation

•
•

•
•
•
•
•
•

Quality
Flexibility
Security
Connectivity
Language
Documentation
Hardware
Efficiency

Factors


Introduction to Information Systems

James A. O’Brien

14

Installation Conversion Methods

Old
Old System
System

Parallel
New
New System
System

Old
Old System
System

Old
Old System
System

Old
Old System
System

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New System

New System

New
New System
System

Pilot

Phased

Plunge


Introduction to Information Systems

James A. O’Brien

15

Managing Organizational Change

Educate and
Train
Change

Organizational

Management

Design

Measurement

Core

and

Competencies

Rewards

Development
User
Involvement

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James A. O’Brien

16

Introduction to Information Systems

Chapter Summary

•

Business professionals and IS specialists use a systems approach to
help them develop information system solutions to meet E-Business
needs.

•

Prototyping is a major alternative methodology to the traditional
information system development cycle. It includes the use of
prototyping tools and methodologies, which promote an iterative,
interactive process.

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James A. O’Brien

17

Introduction to Information Systems

Chapter Summary (cont)

•

The application development capabilities built into many end user software
packages have made it easier for end users to develop their own E-Business
applications.

•

The implementation process for IS projects involves acquisition, testing,
documentation, training, installation, and conversion.

•

Business professionals should know how to evaluate IT products for acquisition.
IT vendor proposals should be based on specifications developed during the
design phase.

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James A. O’Brien

18

Introduction to Information Systems

Chapter Summary (cont)

•

Implementation activities include managing the introduction and
implementation of changes in the business processes, organizational
structures, job assignments, and work relationships resulting from EBusiness initiatives.

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