Lý thuyết câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh và bài tập

Biên soạn và sưu tầm

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

LÝ THUYẾT
1. Câu điều kiện loại 0
- Chức năng:
Câu điều kiện loại 0 diễn tả một chân lý, sự việc luôn luôn đúng.
- Cấu trúc:
If + Hiện tại đơn, Hiện tại đơn
Ví dụ:
If you heat the ice, it smelts.
(Nếu bạn đun nước đó, nó sẽ tan chảy)
The water reaches 100 degree if you heat it.
(Nước sẽ đạt nhiệt độ 100 độ C nếu bạn đun sôi nó)

2. Câu điều kiện loại 1
- Chức năng:
Câu điều kiện loại 1 diễn trả một sự việc/hành động có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
- Cấu trúc:
If + Hiện tại đơn, Tương lai đơn
► Lưu ý:
- will có thể được thay bằng can/may/shall/must
- Mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề if có thể đứng trước hoặc đứng sau đều được.
Ví dụ:
If you take this medicine, you will feel better.
(Nếu bạn uống thuốc, thì bạn sẽ thấy đỡ hơn đó)
If it stops raining, we can go out.


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Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

(Nếu như trời ngừng mưa thì chúng tôi có thể đi ra ngoài)

3. Câu điều kiện loại 2:
- Chức năng:
Câu điều kiện loại 2 là câu điều kiện không có thực ở hiện tại. Câu điều kiện loại 2 được sử dụng để diễn tả một điều không
thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai, chỉ là một giả thiết, một ước muốn trái ngược với thực trạng hiện tại.
- Cấu trúc:
If + Quá khứ đơn (Tobe: WERE), S + would/could (not) + Vo …
Ví dụ:
If I were you, I would help him.
(Nếu tôi là anh, tôi sẽ giúp anh ta)
If you tried hard again, you would succeed.
(Nếu bạn cố gắng chăm chỉ lần nữa, bạn sẽ thành công thôi)

4. Câu điều kiện loại 3
- Chức năng:
Câu điều kiện loại 3 là câu điều kiện không có thực trong quá khứ. Câu điều kiện loại 3 được dùng để diễn tả một điều không
thể xảy ra trong quá khứ, chỉ mang tính ước muốn trong quá khứ, một giả thiết trái ngược với thực trạng ở quá khứ.
- Cấu trúc:
If + Quá khứ hoàn thành, S + would/ could + have + PP
Ví dụ:
If he had studied hard, he would have passed his exams.
(Nếu cậu ta học hành chăm chỉ, thì câụ ta đã đậu kỳ thi rồi)
If I had known she was sick, I would have visited her.
(Nếu tôi biết cô ấy bị bệnh, thì tôi đã tới thăm cô ấy rồi)

Biên soạn và sưu tầm

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

5. Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp
- Dạng 1: Dùng để diễn tả một giả thiết trái ngược với quá khứ còn kết quả thì trái ngược với hiện tại. (Hình thức: thường có
“now”)
If + Quá khứ hoàn thành, S + would/could + Vo
Ví dụ:
I didn't eat breakfast this morning, so I’m hungry now.
→ If I had eaten breakfast this morning, I wouldn’t be hungry now.
(Nếu sáng nay tôi ăn sáng, thì bây giờ tôi đã không thấy đói bụng rồi)
- Dạng 2: Dùng để tiễn tả một giả thiết trái ngược với thực tại còn kết quả trái ngược với quá khứ.
If + Quá khứ đơn, S + would + have + PP
Ví dụ:
Thomas is not a good guy. He cheated on Rosie.
→ If Thomas were a good guy, he wouldn't have cheated on Rosie.
(Nếu Thomas là một người đàn ông tốt, thì anh ta đã không phản bội lại Rosie)

 LƯU Ý VỀ CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
1. Cấu trúc Unless (=If … not)
If + S + V() = Unless + S + V(+)
Sau Unless là câu khẳng định
Ví dụ:
If it is not cold, we will go swimming. → Unless it is cold, we will go swimming.
(Nếu trời không lạnh, chúng tôi sẽ đi bơi)


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Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

If I have time, I will help you. → Unless I have time, I won’t help you.
(Nếu tôi không có thời gian, thì tôi không giúp bạn được)
► Lưu ý:
- If … not đổi sang Unless thì mệnh đề chính (main clause) không đổi;
- If đổi sang Unless thì mệnh đề chính (main clause) phải đổi sang nghĩa phủ định.

2. Will/Would và Should trong mệnh đề If:
will/would được dùng trong mệnh đề if mang tính lịch sự (polite request), không có nghĩa tương lai/ sẽ mà có nghĩa đồng ý/sẵn
sàng (a willingness or an agreement).
Ví dụ:
If you will/would help me, we can finish by six.
(Nếu bạn chịu giúp mình, thì chúng ta có thể làm xong hết tầm 6h)
should được dùng trong mệnh đề if để diễn tả sự tình cờ và will được dường trong mệnh đề chính.
Ví dụ:
If it should rain, take the raincoat in.
(Đề phòng nếu trời mưa, mang áo mưa đi cho chắc)
If the director should come in, what will we do?
(Nếu mà giám đốc có xuất hiện, thì mình làm sao đây?)
3. Đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện
Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 1
Should + S + Vo, S + will +Vo
If he has free time, he’ll play tennis. => Should he have free time, he’ll play tennis
Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 2
Were + S + to + Vo, S + would + Vo


Biên soạn và sưu tầm

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

If I learnt Russian, I would read a Russian book. => Were I to learn Russian, I would read a Russian book
Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3
Had + S + PP, S + would have + PP
If he had trained hard, he would have won the match. => Had he trained hard, he would have won the match.

 CÁC DẠNG CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN ĐẶC BIỆT

1. were to:
Đứng sau chủ ngữ (S) trong mệnh đề if để nhấn mạnh điều giả định khó có thể xảy ra.
Ví dụ:
If I were to win a lottery, what should I do?

(Nếu mà tao trúng số, thì tao nên làm gì nhỉ?)

2. If it were not for / hadn't been for + (cụm danh từ):
Được dùng để miêu tả một sự việc này phụ thuộc vào sự việc kia.
If + it + were not for / hadn't been for + Noun phrase.
Ví dụ:
If it weren’t for his dedication, our team wouldn’t succeed in this game.
(Nếu không có sự cống hiến của anh ấy, thì đội của chúng tôi đã không thể giành chiến thắng được)

3. supposing (giả sử rằng):
Sử dụng thay cho IF, tỏ ý nhấn mạnh sự tưởng tượng.
Ví dụ:
Supposing he came to visit you, would you be happy?
(Giả sử như anh ta đến thăm cậu đi, cậu có vui không?)

4. but for (+ cụm danh từ):

Được sử dụng để thay thế cho ‘if … not’ và theo sau là một danh từ hoặc cụm danh từ.


Biên soạn và sưu tầm

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

Ví dụ:
But for our savings, we wouldn’t have been able to make the payments. (If we hadn’t saved money)
(Nếu chúng ta không tiết kiệm, thì chúng ta sẽ chẳng thể thanh toán nổi đâu)

5. if it hadn't been for/ hadn't it been for (+ cụm danh từ):
Cụm if it hadn't been for có nghĩa là không có cái này thì sẽ không có cái kia
Ví dụ:
If it hadn’t been for Jack’s help, we would have failed. (If Jack hadn’t helped us)
(Nếu không có sự giúp đỡ của Jack, thì chúng tôi đã thất bại thảm hại rồi)

6. in case (trong trường hợp), even if (ngay cả khi, cho dù), as long as, so long as, provided (that), on
condition (that) (miễn là, với điều kiện là)
Các từ này đều được sử dụng như If, có thể thay thế if ở các câu điều kiện loại 1, 2, 3 hoặc hỗn hợp.
Ví dụ:
You should take this raincoat in case it rains. (Em nên mang theo áo mưa phòng trường hợp trời đổ mưa)
Even if you try really hard, people only concentrate on the result.
(Cho dù bạn có nổ lực cực khổ đến đâu, thì người ta cũng chỉ quan tâm đến kết quả mà thôi)
I won't hurt you as long as you love me.
(Anh sẽ không làm tổn thương em miễn là em yêu anh)
I will buy a motorbike for you provided that you pass the entrance exam.
(Mẹ sẽ mua xe máy cho con với điều kiện là con phải thi đậu đại học)

7. without: không có

Ví dụ:
Without you, I can't survive. ≈ If you go away, I can't survive.
(Nếu không có anh, em không thể sống nổi)

8. or: hoặc như thế này, hoặc như thế kia. Một trong hai mệnh đề được nối với nhau bởi or thường là câu mệnh lệnh


Biên soạn và sưu tầm

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

Ví dụ:
Take the bus or you will be late. ≈ If you don't take the bus, you will be late.
(Bắt xe buýt đi nếu không muốn bị muộn)

BÀI TẬP
EXERCISE I. Put the verbs in brackets in correct tenses.
1. If I (have) ________ a typewriter, I could type it myself.
2. If I had known that you were in hospital, I (visit) ________ you.
3. You could make much progress if you (attend) ________ class regularly.
4. If I (know) ________ his telephone number, I would give it to you.
5. If you (arrive) ________ ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat.
6. If he (study) ________ harder, he can pass an exam.
7. She may be late if she (not hurry) ________.
8. Tell him to ring me if you (see) ________ him.
9. If you (speak) ________ more slowly,he might have understood you.
10. What (you do) ________ if you got fat?
EXERCISE II. Supply the correct verb tense.
1. If you are kind to me, I (be) _______ good to you.
2. He (come) _______ if you waited.

3. If you (ring) _______ the bell, the servant would come.
4. If I had known that the baby was hungry, I (feed) _______ him.
5. If it (not, rain) _______ a lot, the rice crop wouln’t grow.
6. If today (be) _______ Sunday, we wouldn’t have to work.
7. If she had had your address, she (write) _______ to you.
8. We lost the match. If you (play) _______ for us, we (win) _______.
10. They would not be paid unless they (do) _______ their work well.
EXERCISE 3. Correct the correct form of the word in the blanket.
1. If we meet at 9:30, we (have) _________________plenty of time.
2. If you (find) _________________ a skeleton in the cellar, don't mention it to anyone.
3. The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she ( feed) _________________ the animals..
4. If you pass your examination, we (have) _________________a celebration.
5. Lisa would find the milk if she (look) _________________ for it in the fridge.
6. What (happen) _________________if I press this button?
7. The door will be unlocked if you (press)_________________ the green button.
8. I should have voted for her if I (have) _________________ a vote then.
9. If you go to Paris, where you (stay) _________________?


Biên soạn và sưu tầm

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

10. If you (swim) _________________ in this lake, you'll shiver from cold.
11. If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which you (choose) _________________?
12. The flight may be cancelled if the fog (get) _________________thick.
13. If the milkman (come) _________________, tell him to leave two pints.
14. I (call) _________________ the office if I were you.
15. Someone (sit) _________________on your glasses if you leave them there.
16. You would hear my explanation if you (not talk) _________________so much.

17. What I (do) _________________if I hear the burglar alarm?
18. If you (read) _________________the instructions carefully, you wouldn't have answered the wrong question.
19. If Mel (ask) _________________ her teacher, he'd have answered her questions.
20. I would repair the roof myself if I (have) _________________a long ladder.
21. Unless they turn that radio off, I (go) _________________mad.
22. If you were made redundant, what you (do) _________________?
23. We'll have a long way to walk if we (run) _________________out of petrol here.
24. If you shake that bottle of port, it (not be) _________________ fit to drink.
25. If you spoke louder, your classmates (understand) _________________ you.
26. I'll probably get lost unless he (come) _________________with me.
27. You (not have) _________________ so many accidents if you drove more slowly.
28. If you (wear) _________________ a false beard, nobody would have recognized you.
29. If she (leave) _________________ the fish here, the cat will eat it.
30. You (have) _________________ no trouble at school if you had done your homework.
31. Unless you (tell) __________________ the truth, I won't help you.
32. You'll get pneumonia if you (not change) _________________ your wet clothes.
33. If I had known that you couldn't eat octopus, I (not buy) _________________ it.
34. If they (hang) _________________ that picture lower, people would be able to see it.
35. She (be) _________________able to walk faster if she didn't have such high-heel shoes.
36. I (bring) _________________ you some beer if I had known that you were thirsty.
37. If you had touched that electric cable, you (be) _________________ electrocuted.
38. If the story hadn't been true, the newspaper (not print) _________________ it.
39. I (not buy) _________________ things on the installment system if I were you.
40. Dan (arrive) _________________ safe if he drove slowly.
EXERCISE IV. Choose a correct answer.
1. If I __________the same problem you had as a child, I might not have succeeded in life as well as you have.
A. have

B. would have

C. had had

D. should have

2. I __________you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital.
A. would have visited

B. visited

C. had visited

D. visit

C. I have needed

D. I should need

3. __________more help, I would call my neighbor.
A. needed

B. should I need

4. __________then what I know yesterday, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years.
A. had I known

B. did I know

C. If I know

D. If I would know

5. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people __________the same language?
A. spoke

B. speak

C. had spoken

D. will speak


Biên soạn và sưu tầm

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

6. If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, __________this incident again.
A. I will never mention

B. I never mention

C. will I never mention

D. I don't mention

7. If I had known you were asleep, I __________so much noise when I came in.
A. didn't make

B. wouldn't have made

C. won't make

D. don't make

8. Unless you __________all of my questions, I can't do anything to help you.
A. answered

B. answer

C. would answer

D. are answering

9. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I __________it.
A. would have never believed

B. don't believe

C. hadn't believed

D. can't believe

10. If Jake __________to go on the trip, would you have gone?
A. doesn't agree
11.

B. didn't agree

C. hadn't agreed

D. wouldn't agree

C. he has told me

D. he would tell me

J: "John went to the hospital alone"
K: "If __________, I would have gone with him".
A. had he told me

B. he had told me

12. If you ______, I would have brought my friends over to your house yesterday to watch T.V, but I didn't want to bother you.
A. had studied
13.

B. studied

C. hadn't studied

D. didn't study

C. would have called

D. will call

Peter: "Did you need help with your Math last night?".
Mary: "If I had needed, I __________you".
A. would call

B. called

14. If someone __________ in to the store, smile and say, "May I help you?"
A. comes
15.

B. came

C. come

D. should come

"Here's my phone number".
"Thanks. I'll give you a call if I __________some help tomorrow"
A. will need

B. need

C. would need

D. needed

16. If I didn't work for an accounting firm, I __________in a bank now.
A. work

B. will work

C. have worked

D. would work

17. The death rate would decrease if hygienic conditions __________improved.
A. was

B. is

C. were

D. had been

18. The education in Japan __________if the basic principles of education had not been taken into consideration.
A. would go down

B. would have gone down

C. went down

D. had gone down

19. If there __________, the rice fields could have been more productive.
A. had been enough water

B. were enough water

C. would be enough water

D. are enough water

20. The patient will not recover unless he __________ an operation.
A. had undergone

B. would undergo

C. undergoes

D. was undergoing

C. met

D. should meet

21. If she __________ him, she would be very happy.
A. would meet

B. will meet

22. If he __________ a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post.
A. had had

B. had

C. has

D. has had

23. If I had enough money, I__________ abroad to improve my English.
A. will go

B. would go

C. went

D. should have go to


Biên soạn và sưu tầm

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

24. The bench would collapse if they __________on it.
A. stood

B. stand

C. standing

D. stands

C. was

D. were

25. If it __________convenient, let's go out for a drink tonight,
A. be

B. is

EXERCISE V. Fill in the blanks with a correct form of the word.

1.

If we meet at 9:30, we (have) ___________ plenty of time.

2.

If you (find) _________________ a skeleton in the cellar, don’t mention it to anyone.

3.

The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she ( feed) _________________ the animals..

4.

If you pass your examination, we (have) _________________a celebration.

5.

Lisa would find the milk if she (look) _________________ for it in the fridge.

6.

What (happen) _________________if I press this button?

7.

The door will be unlocked if you (press)_________________ the green button.

8.

I should have voted for her if I (have) _________________ a vote then.

9.

If you go to Paris, where you (stay) _________________?

10.

If you (swim) _________________ in this lake, you’ll shiver from cold.

11.

If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which you (choose) _________________?

12.

The flight may be cancelled if the fog (get) _________________thick.

13.

If the milkman (come) _________________, tell him to leave two pints.

14.

I (call) _________________ the office if I were you.

15.

Someone (sit) _________________on your glasses if you leave them there.

16.

You would hear my explanation if you (not talk) _________________so much.

17.

What I (do) _________________if I hear the burglar alarm?

18.

If you (read) _________________the instructions carefully, you wouldn’t have answered the wrong question.

19.

If Mel (ask) _________________ her teacher, he’d have answered her questions.

20.

I would repair the roof myself if I (have) _________________a long ladder.

21.

Unless they turn that radio off, I (go) _________________mad.

22.

If you were made redundant, what you (do) _________________?

23.

We’ll have a long way to walk if we (run) _________________out of petrol here.

24.

If you shake that bottle of port, it (not be) _________________ fit to drink.

25.

If you spoke louder, your classmates (understand) _________________ you.

26.

I’ll probably get lost unless he (come) _________________with me.

27.

You (not have) _________________ so many accidents if you drove more slowly.

28.

If you (wear) _________________ a false beard, nobody would have recognized you.

29.

If she (leave) _________________ the fish here, the cat will eat it.

30.

You (have) _________________ no trouble at school if you had done your homework.

31.

Unless you (tell) __________________ the truth, I won’t help you.


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Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

32.

You’ll get pneumonia if you (not change) _________________ your wet clothes.

33.

If I had known that you couldn’t eat octopus, I (not buy) _________________ it.

34.

If they (hang) _________________ that picture lower, people would be able to see it.

35.

She (be) _________________able to walk faster if she didn’t have such high-heel shoes.

36.

I (bring) _________________ you some beer if I had known that you were thirsty.

37.

If you had touched that electric cable, you (be) _________________ electrocuted.

38.

If the story hadn’t been true, the newspaper (not print) _________________ it.

39.

I (not buy) _________________ things on the installment system if I were you.

40.

Dan (arrive) _________________ safe if he drove slowly.

EXERCISE VI. Multi-choice questions.
1. If I __________the same problem you had as a child, I might not have succeeded in life as well as you have.
A. have

B. would have

C. had had

D. should have

2. I __________you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital.
A. would have visited

B. visited

C. had visited

D. visit

C. I have needed

D. I should need

3. __________more help, I would call my neighbor.
A. needed

B. should I need

4. __________then what I know yesterday, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years.
A. had I known

B. did I know

C. If I know

D. If I would know

5. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people __________the same language?
A. spoke

B. speak

C. had spoken

D. will speak

6. If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, __________this incident again.

A. I will never mention

B. I never mention

C. will I never mention

D. I don’t mention

7. If I had known you were asleep, I __________so much noise when I came in.
A. didn’t make

B. wouldn’t have made

C. won’t make

D. don’t make

8. Unless you __________all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you.
A. answered

B. answer

C. would answer

D. are answering

9. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I __________it.
A. would have never believed

B. don’t believe

C. hadn’t believed

D. can’t believe

10. If Jake __________to go on the trip, would you have gone?

11.

A. doesn’t agree

B. didn’t agree

C. hadn’t agreed

D. wouldn’t agree

Jenny: “John went to the hospital alone”,
Kennedy: “If __________,I would have gone with him”.
A. had he told me

B. he had told me

C. he has told me

D. he would tell me

12. If you __________, I would have brought my friends over to your house yesterday to watch T.V, but I didn’t want to bother
you.
A. had studied

13.

B. studied

Peter: “Did you need help with your Math last night?”.

C. hadn’t studied

D. didn’t study


Biên soạn và sưu tầm

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

Mary: “If I had needed, I __________you”.
A. would call

B. called

C. would have called

D. will call

14. If someone __________ in to the store, smile and say, “May I help you?”
A. comes
15.

B. came

C. come

D. should come

“Here’s my phone number”.
“Thanks. I‘ll give you a call if I __________some help tomorrow”
A. will need

B. need

C. would need

D. needed

16. If I didn’t work for an accounting firm, I __________in a bank now.
A. work

B. will work

C. have worked

D. would work

17. The death rate would decrease if hygienic conditions __________improved.
A. was

B. is

C. were

D. had been

18. The education in Japan __________if the basic principles of education had not been taken into consideration.
A. would go down

B. would have gone down

C. went down

D. had gone down

19. If there __________, the rice fields could have been more productive.
A. had been enough water

B. were enough water

C. would be enough water

D. are enough water

20. The patient will not recover unless he __________ an operation.
A. had undergone

B. would undergo

C. undergoes

D. was undergoing

C. met

D. should meet

21. If she __________ him, she would be very happy.
A. would meet

B. will meet

22. If he __________ a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post.
A. had had

B. had

C. has

D. has had

23. If I had enough money, I__________ abroad to improve my English.
A. will go

B. would go

C. went

D. should have go to

C. standing

D. stands

C. was

D. were

24.The bench would collapse if they __________on it.
A. stood

B. stand

25. If it __________convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight,
A. be

B. is

EXERCISE VII. Fill in the blank
1. If you take my advice, you _______________ (be) happy.
2. What would you do if you _______________ (be) me?
3. If you _______________ (lend) me some books I will give them back in two weeks.
4. I _______________ (send) her a letter if I had found her address.
5. She _______________ (not/steal) the bread if she hadn't been hungry.
6. If she _______________ (come) here I will tell her about the film.
7. I will be unhappy if you _______________ (leave) me.
8. If you hadn't been so crazy you _______________ (not/buy) this expensive house.
9. If the sun _______________ (shine) I will go to the beach.
10. If _______________ (win) the lottery I would leave my country.
11. _______ we ___________(have) enough time if we wanted to see the castle?
12. In case you _______________ (buy) a car, will you teach me to drive?


Biên soạn và sưu tầm

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

13. If I _______________ (not be) in a hurry, I wouldn't have made so many mistakes.
14. She won't finish it on time if she _______________ (not start) right now.
15. She _______________ (get angry) if you had told her.
16. On condition that they _______________ (support) our product, they would get a discount.
17. Even if I _______________ (ask) him, he won't come.
18. Had I driven slowly, I _______________ (not crash)
19. It will be a disaster unless they _______________ (help) us.
20. If you _______________ (have) something to eat, you wouldn't have felt sick.
21. I wouldn't risk it if I _______________ (be) you.
22. She would get fat if she _______________ (not stop) eating.
23. The chicken wasn't good. It _______________ (taste) better if you had put some spices on it.
EXERCISE VIII. Using the given information, make conditional sentences with conditional sentences.
1. She is living in China because she got married to a Chinese.
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. I am tired now because I went home late yesterday.
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. She did the homework last night so she gets a high score today.
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. It rained yesterday so I don’t go to school today.
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. I missed the end of the film so I don’t know who the murderer was.
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. We reach Sally’s house now because we didn’t ask for direction earlier
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Since he is an only child, his parents have spoiled him
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Bob didn’t learn Chinese in high school, so he doesn’t have many job opportunities.

→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. I am not rich. I didn’t buy that house last month.
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. I fail the exam because I din’t study hard enough.
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

EXERCISE IX. Choose the best answer
1. If she _______________ the lottery last year, She _______________rich now.
A. Have won/would be

B. had won/would be

C.won/would be

D. wins/will be

2. If I _______________the homework last night, I_______________bonus today.
A. Had done/would get

B. had done/would have got C. done/would get

3. If we had played this game yesterday, we_______________a lot of money now.

D. does/will get


Biên soạn và sưu tầm

A. Will have

Nguyễn Huy Hoàng

B. may have

C. would have had

D. would have

C. have rained

D. was raining

4. If it ___________last night, it would be cold today.
A. Had rained

B. rained

5. If she___________to me, she___________in trouble right now.
A. Had listened/would be

B. had listened/would have be

C. had listened/would not be

D. A & B

6. If it had rained one hour ago, the streets___________wet now.
A. Would have be

B. will be

C. be

D. would be

7. If I ___________to the beach yesterday, I would be tired today.
A. Have gone

B. Goes

C. had gone

D. A & B

8. If they had gone to school yesterday, they___________to the museum now.
A. Would go

B. will go

C. could go

D. A&C

9. If he had done exercise last night, he___________soccer right now.
A. Will play

B. can play

C. plays

D. could play.

10. If Nina had not gone out last week, she ___________die now.
A. Will

B. would

C. could

D. B&C