BAI MAU IELTS WRITING DE 120119 BY NGOCBACH

Task 2: Environmental protection is the responsibility of politicians, not
individuals, as individuals can do little. To what extent do you agree or
disagree?

Essay Plan:
 Introduction: refer to the task question. Disagree – politicians and
individuals both have a responsibility.
 Paragraph 2: politicians are responsible for adopting policies to
prevent pollution or exploitation of the environment: (1) penalties for
those who pollute the oceans (oil); (2) prevent destruction of natural
resources – example, the Amazon rainforest; (3) pass laws to promote
sustainability
 Paragraph 3: individuals should (1) take part in the green movement;
(2) form local pressure groups to make local changes; (3) change
consumer habits e.g. buying local products.
 Conclusion: politicians and individuals both have a part to play in
environmental protection.

Essay:
It is true that it is often believed that protecting the environment is an issue which
should concern only politicians. I disagree, however, because while politicians
must play a major role in environmental protection, I would argue that
individuals must also shoulder their share of reponsibility.
Politicians are responsible for adopting policies which will protect the
environment from pollution or exploitation. For example, international bodies
have a duty to hold oil companies accountable for accidents at sea which end up
with the pollution of international waters. In terms of the exploitation of the
environment, politicians must act to stop the activities of enterprises which
deplete natural resources. Deforestation in the Amazon rainforest, for instance,
carried out by timber companies, not only threatens endangered species, but also
accelerates the process of global warming. In addition to combatting pollution

and exploitation, politicians should take positive steps to achieve sustainable
development by imposing a range of environmentally friendly laws.
However, individuals can play a vital role in environmental protection. Firstly,
they should participate in the green movement, giving their time and money to
support NGOs like Greenpeace or the Worldwide Fund for Nature. In this way,
these charities will be able to exert pressure on politicians. Secondly, individuals
should form local pressure groups to campaign for such measures as the creation
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of local nature reserves, or the provision of more recycling facilities. Finally, a
change in individual consumption habits contributes to environmental protection,
because people consume less, buy local products to reduce, for example, food
miles, and use public transport rather than the private car.
In conclusion, I believe that individuals as well as politicians both have a
significant responsibility for protecting the environment.
281 words

Vocabulary from government:
 to adopt policies
Meaning: to start to use particular policies
Example: In order to deal with traffic congestion, the government must
adopt policies to restrict the use of private cars.
 international bodies
Meaning: organizations which operate in many countries, or which
represent many countries
Example: National governments ought to give funds to international
bodies, like the Red Cross and the United Nations, to deal with emergency
situations.


non-governmental organizations: NGOs
Meaning: a charity or association that is independent of government or
business
Example: Individuals could donate money to NGOs to help others in need
of food, shelter and medical services.

 to exert pressure on
Meaning: to use power to influence somebody or something
Example: Environmental organisations should exert pressure on
governments to invest in renewable energy projects.
 to form a pressure group
Meaning: to organize a group of people who try to influence the
government to achieve the action that they want.
Example: Activists in my country have formed a pressure group to
persuade the government to close nuclear power stations.
 to campaign for something

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Meaning: to take part in a series of activities in order to achieve a specific
aim
Example: People who are concerned about the environment should
campaign for stricter controls on pollution.

Vocabulary from the environment:
 to hold sbdy accountable for + noun/gerund
Meaning: to consider someone responsible for something; to blame
something on someone
Example: Companies which discharge chemical waste from their factories
into the sea or into rivers must be held accountable for their actions and

be fined heavily.
 to deplete natural resources
Meaning: to reduce the amount of natural resources.
Example: Timber companies must not be allowed to deplete natural
resources by cutting down trees without planting new trees to replace
them.
 endangered species
Meaning: plants or animals that only exist in very small numbers, so that
in future they may disappear forever
Example: One example of an endangered species is the lowland gorilla,
which has almost disappeared as a result of the destruction of its forest
habitat.
 global warming
Meaning: the process by which the Earth is getting hotter, as a result of
the greenhouse effect – in particular the increase in carbon dioxide in the
air.
Example: Perhaps the major environmental challenge which faces
humanity today is global warming, because it threatens our survival.
 to achieve sustainable development
Meaning: economic development that is achieved without depleting
natural resources
Example: Organic methods must be introduced everywhere in order to
achieve sustainable development in agriculture.
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 environmentally friendly
Meaning: behavior or products that do not harm the environment
Example: We can help to protect the environment by using detergents and
cosmetics that are environmentally friendly.
 food miles

Meaning: Distance food has to travel between where it is grown or made
and where it is consumed
Example: We can all reduce our carbon footprint by flying less, and
reduce our food miles by buying local produce.
Other vocabulary:
 to shoulder [verb]:
Meaning: to accept that you have the duty to do something
Example: I admire women who shoulder the responsibilities of looking
after children and doing full-time work.
 to end up with [phrasal verb]:
Meaning: to result in a situation that you did not expect or plan
Example: After drinking all the water in the morning, he ended up with
nothing to drink in the afternoon.

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