Test bank for the new leadership challenge creating the future of nursing 4th edition by grossman

Test Bank for The New leadership Challenge Creating the Future of Nursing 4th Edition by
Grossman
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/>Chapter 1: The Nature of Leadership: Distinguishing Leadership From Management
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____

1. Health care in the United States faces multiple challenges during these uncertain and chaotic

economic times. Each nurse has the most opportunity to affect the health-care delivery system by
demonstrating:
A. Enthusiasm
B. Leadership
C. Motivation
D. Maturity
____

2. Which of the following leadership theories stresses the significance of the environment or

circumstance, notes that the leader emerges but is not necessarily chosen, and gives little recognition
to followers?
A. Great Man Theory
B. Trait Theory
C. Situational Theory
D. Modern Theory
____

3. Which of the following statements describes management more so than it describes leadership?
A. It is “tidy,” with steps clearly outlined.
B. It is more of an art than a science.

C. It focuses on renewal of individuals and the group.
D. It seems to generate relative disorder.

____

4. Robert Frost, the great American poet, said, “Some men see things as they are and say why? I dream

of things that never were and say why not?” This statement best reflects which of the following
types of leadership?
A. Stewardship
B. Change
C. Vision
D. Power
____

5. Of the following leaders, the one that best represents a leader with a vision of enhancing each

individual’s ability to communicate globally while at the same time providing almost universal
access to all is:
A. Lois Evans providing a restraint-free environment for the elderly
B. Henry Ford inventing affordable cars


C. William Gates developing personal computers
D. Sister Teresa volunteering in India
____

6. Professional nurses can develop communication skills to help them be effective leaders in many

ways. Which of the following actions would be most important to improve communication skills?

A. Reading professional journals regularly
B. Achieving national certification in one’s specialty area
C. Attending a professional conference or lecture on the impact of managed care
D. Serving on a Patient Care or Nursing Initiative Committee
____

7. Which of the following elements of leadership is characterized by feeling responsible for the “larger

picture,” overseeing the implementation of change, and giving one’s self-interests a “back seat” to
the interests of the group?
A. Stewardship
B. Vision
C. Creativity
D. Assertiveness
____

8. Professional nurses are in an excellent position to provide leadership regarding health-care issues

because of their:
A. Skills of communication
B. Ability to work collaboratively with others
C. Credibility with the public
D. All of the above
____

9. “Leaders” are often the individuals who take risks, think creatively, and implement different

strategies to solve problems. These “leaders” who lead but who are not in a position of authority
would include:
A. Nurse managers

B. Staff nurses
C. Nurse supervisors
D. Nurse administrators
____ 10. Many researchers who have studied leadership identify which of the following characteristics of an

effective leader and role model?
A. Influencing others to do what you want
B. Authorizing permission for other’s actions
C. Using one’s power to direct others
D. Recruiting followers and new leaders
____ 11. When comparing leaders to managers, it is often said that “rocking the boat” as little as possible to

accomplish a goal is a characteristic of a:
A. Leader
B. Leader and manager
C. Manager
D. Mentor
____ 12. Zaleznik speaks about “once born” and “twice born” individuals when he describes leaders and

managers. He says the leaders are “twice born” because:


A. Their lives are harmonious and very much influenced by others’ opinions.
B. They are a part of the organizational environment and need to represent the

organization’s viewpoint.
C. Their lives tend to be full of exciting experiences and their leadership emerges

from the consequences of these experiences, which have affected their learning.
D. Their thoughts and viewpoints reflect the status quo and generally do not effect

change.
____ 13. Being able to create one’s vision and execute it requires effective leadership skills along with a great

amount of:
A. Authority and power
B. Determination and passion
C. Political savvy and power
D. Knowledge and authority
____ 14. Susan, a recently appointed nurse manager, decided each of the staff nurses should be involved in an

evidence-based research project. Being a visionary leader, she presented this plan at a staff meeting
using which of the following frameworks?
A. Each nurse could choose his or her own project and would be given 2 hours per
week paid time to work on the project.
B. Mandate that each nurse must sign up for one of four projects, and reimbursement
for 1 hour per month of time would be early dismissal on days when staffing was
good.
C. Each nurse would be assigned to a project, and there would be no reimbursement
for time.
D. Only nurses with 5 years of experience could participate in the two projects, and
participation was considered a privilege without pay.
____ 15. To make our dreams come true in either our professional or personal lives, it is necessary for us to:
A. Devote 80% of our time to making it happen.
B. Collaborate with others and make people accountable for making it happen.
C. Assign portions of the work necessary to accomplish our dream to each person.
D. Mandate others to do what we want them to do to make it happen.
____ 16. Nurses who are leaders and want to change practice of care delivery must be willing to:
A. Develop an assignment system that allows for new ways of practice.
B. Identify the reason something needs to be changed by complaining about the

implications of the current practice.
C. Study new ways of practice based on research and trial them in a controlled

environment.
D. Create change frequently by instituting new practices to prevent the status quo.
____ 17. Precepting differs from the role of a mentor because preceptors are:
A. Assigned to a new nurse orienting to a position
B. Identified as accountable for the new orientee’s actions
C. Only with the new staff member at the patient’s bedside
D. Paired to a new staff member for staffing purposes only


____ 18. An important quality of a leader that is not often identified includes being:
A. Cautious
B. Careful not to “upset anyone in authority”
C. A risk taker
D. Cost effective
____ 19. Which of the following factors make it very difficult to be an effective leader in health care?
A. Technology, hospital mergers and acquisitions, and high acuity of patients
B. Health-care reform, politics, surplus resources, and high acuity of patients
C. Chaos, uncertainty, unpredictability, and constant change
D. Too many workers, not enough work, unprepared employees, and technology
____ 20. In today’s world, some researchers have concluded it is best to focus on complex behavioral decision

making and group performance that results from it than:
A. An individual leader’s behavioral traits
B. An individual’s personality
C. How a person manages conflict
D. An individual’s ability to manage change

____ 21. A new theory of leadership proposed by Heifetz (2009) focuses on:
A. The leader’s traits and personality
B. How well the leaders can recruit followers to embrace their vision
C. How well the leader makes relationships with the followers
D. The leader disturbing the equilibrium and engaging followers in solving an

organization’s problems
____ 22. The Humanbecoming Leading-Following Model proposed by Parse (2009) describes three major

components:
A. Need for goals, followers, and resources to accomplish goals
B. Strategy, overall goals, and outcome evaluation
C. Vision, willingness to risk, and reverence for others
D. Ability to lead, plan, and evaluate outcomes
____ 23. Broome feels there is a need for new visions of leadership and how they should be developed. One

of her biggest points was that successful leaders for the future need to:
A. Develop strong business plans that keep the “bottom line” down.
B. Know when to lead and when to follow.
C. Be aware of followers’ need to have a rest or vacation every 2 to 3 months.
D. Push the organization’s mission and goals no matter what the group’s vision is.
____ 24. All nurses need to think about themselves as leaders, and staff nurses can integrate more leading into

their notes by:
A. Consistently volunteering to work overtime to demonstrate positive role modeling
to peers
B. Mentoring new staff to the unit’s skill competency and organizational culture
C. Focusing on leading nursing teams and avoiding multidisciplinary team meetings
D. Resisting changes suggested by new unit staff

____ 25. Which two of the following leadership theories stress the significance of the environment or

circumstance, note that the leader emerges but is not necessarily chosen, and give little recognition
to followers?
A. Great Man Theory and Situation Theory
B. Modern Theory and Trait Theory
C. Situational Theory and Modern Theory
D. Modern Theory and Great Man Theory


Chapter 1: The Nature of Leadership: Distinguishing Leadership From Management
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: B
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because being enthusiastic does not ensure accomplishment of goals.
Correct because using effective leadership will allow the maximum effect by
nurses to influence health care.
Incorrect because it is not going to accomplish patient outcomes to be
motivating, and many feel one can only really motivate oneself.
Incorrect because it is does not affect health care for nurses to be mature.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate

KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Application | Content Area:
Management of Care, Supervision | Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation
2. ANS: C
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because Great Man Theory stresses only the leader.
Incorrect because Trait Theory is focused only on the characteristics of the
leader.
Correct because Situational Theory includes the environment and emphasizes
that the leader is not necessarily chosen but evolves.
Incorrect because Modern Theories of leadership focus on followers, situation,
and leader.

PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Application | Content Area:
Management of Care, Collaboration With Interdisciplinary Team | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
3. ANS: A
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Correct because management is tidy.

Incorrect because management is a science.
Incorrect because leadership reflects renewal of individuals and the group.
Incorrect because chaos is more a result of leadership than management.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Management | Cognitive Level: Application | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
4. ANS: C


Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because stewardship is not a dream or vision.
Incorrect because change does not reflect dreaming about one’s goals.
Correct because vision is exactly what Robert Frost was talking about regarding
his dream.
Incorrect because power does not reflect one’s dreams.

PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care Advocacy | Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation
5. ANS: C
Feedback

A
B
C
D

Incorrect because being restraint free does not allow for global communication.
Incorrect because a car does not allow one to communicate globally.
Correct because Mr. Gates invented the computer that allows for global
networking.
Incorrect because having Sister Teresa volunteer in India does not affect
someone else’s leadership.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Application | Content Area:
Management of Care, Information Technology | Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation
6. ANS: D
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because reading journals will not necessarily increase one’s
communication skills.
Incorrect because being certified does not correlate with improved
communication skills.
Incorrect because going to conferences and classes does not necessarily improve
one’s communication skills.
Correct because serving on a taskforce or committree will increase one’s ability

to communicate.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Application | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
7. ANS: A
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Correct because stewardship is this aspect of leadership.
Incorrect because having a vision indicates a goal for the group.
Incorrect because creativity is not the element described.
Incorrect because assertiveness is not described.


PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
8. ANS: D
Feedback
A
B
C

D

Correct because all of these answers are correct.
Correct because all of these answers are correct.
Correct because all of these answers are correct.
Correct because all of these answers are correct.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Application | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
9. ANS: B
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because nurse managers are in a position of authority.
correct because staff nurses are leaders but are not in a position of authority.
Incorrect because nurse supervisors are in a position of authority.
Incorrect because nurse administrators are in a position of authority.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Delegation | Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation
10. ANS: D
Feedback

A
B
C
D

Incorrect because leaders should not influence others to do what they want.
Incorrect because leaders do not authorize permission for other’s actions.
Incorrect because leaders do not use one’s power to direct others.
Correct because effective leaders must recruit followers and new leaders.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Staff Education | Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation
11. ANS: C
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because leaders should “rock the boat” to accomplish a goal.
Incorrect because leaders do tend to “rock the boat.”
Correct because managers do not generally “rock the boat” very much because
they prefer to maintain the status quo.
Incorrect because mentors do not necessarily “rock the boat” to accomplish their
goals.


PTS: 1

DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
12. ANS: C
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because leaders are not easily influenced by others’ opinions.
Incorrect because leaders do not always represent the organization’s viewpoint.
Correct because leaders are “twice born.”
Incorrect because leaders do not equate to status quo.

PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
13. ANS: B
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because leaders are not always in a position of authority and power.
Correct because leaders are determined and have a great amount of passion.

Incorrect because leaders do not tend to use political savvy.
Incorrect because leaders are not always in a position of authority.

PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
14. ANS: A
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Correct because being able to choose one’s own project and being reimbursed
for the time recognizes its importance.
Incorrect because leaders do not mandate nurses to do something they are not
being reimbursed fully for.
Incorrect because leaders would not just assign a nurse and not reimburse them
for their time to a project.
Incorrect because leaders would not single out just the experienced nurses to
participate in the project.

PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Evidence-Based Practice | Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation |
15. ANS: B
Feedback

A

Incorrect because one cannot put a specific percentage of time to realizing one’s
vision.


B
C
D

Correct because leaders must have followers to help them envision their dreams.
Incorrect because leaders would not assign portions, but rather would look for
people who are invested in the vision to work holistically on accomplishing it.
Incorrect because leaders do not mandate others to make a vision real—it has to
be more of a voluntary effort that would succeed in realizing a vision.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
16. ANS: C
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because one cannot assign different nurses to deliver care in different
ways.

Incorrect because leaders do not complain about practices; they offer solutions to
try to fix the problems.
Correct because change needs to be based on evidence that has been found to be
valid in a similar environment.
Incorrect because leaders cannot change delivery practice frequently without
evaluating the pros and cons of each and then adapting the “best practice.”

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
17. ANS: A
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Correct because preceptors are experienced staff who are assigned to orient new
staff.
Incorrect because only the orientee is accountable for his or her own actions.
Incorrect because preceptors work with the new nurse in multiple areas not only
at the bedside.
Incorrect because orientees are not counted as staff members until they have
completed their orientation.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:

Management of Care, Staff Education | Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation
18. ANS: C
Feedback
A
B
C

Incorrect because most leaders are not cautious or they would not get anything
accomplished.
Incorrect because leaders often upset the authorities.
Correct because leaders must be risk takers.


D

Incorrect because leaders may try to be cost effective but they are not classically
thought of as cost effective.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
19. ANS: C
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because technology would make it easier to lead.
Incorrect because there is not a surplus of resources.
Correct because these chaotic, unpredictable, uncertain, and constantly changing
times are difficult to lead in especially in health care.
Incorrect because there are not enough workers, there is too much work, and
technology is a positive feature.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
20. ANS: A
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Correct because the researchers feel instead of observing an individual it is best
to look at the group’s performance.
Incorrect because the personality of the leader is not significant to this statement.
Incorrect because an individual’s being able to manage conflict is not the focus
of this question.
Incorrect because an individual’s ability to manage change or not is not the
focus.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:

Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
21. ANS: D
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because the Heifetz theory is not similar to the Great Man or
Personality theories of leadership.
Incorrect because recruiting followers and getting them to follow their vision is
not representative of the Heifetz theory.
Incorrect because the Heifetz theory does not focus on the leader–follower’s
relationship.
Correct because disturbing the equilibrium is exactly what the Heifetz theory
advocates.


PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
22. ANS: C
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because Parse does not mention any of these ideas as her components.
Incorrect because Parse does not mention any of these ideas as her components.
Correct because Parse defines these three components as what constitutes her
model.
Incorrect because Parse does not mention any of these ideas as her components.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Application | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
23. ANS: B
Feedback
A
B
C
D

Incorrect because Broome is not as interested in business plans as she is in
leading and following.
Correct because she believes success equals having the leader know when to
lead and when to follow.
Incorrect because she does not suggest that frequent vacation for followers is
necessary.
Incorrect because she does not necessarily go along with the organization more
than the employees.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate

KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Application | Content Area:
Management of Care, Concepts of Management and Leadership | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation
24. ANS: B
Feedback
A
B

C
D

Incorrect because always doing the overtime is not good role modeling for peers.
Correct because new staff need more than skill competency from their mentors,
and increasing knowledge of the organizational culture will greatly assist them
in acclimating to the new unit.
Incorrect because nurse leaders need to focus on a multidisciplinary approach to
health care today more than ever before to achieve the highest patient outcomes.
Incorrect because a true leader needs to consider everyone’s ideas and perhaps
the new ideas will not be initiated but they deserve to be discussed.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Analysis | Content Area:


Management of Care, Supervision | Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation
25. ANS: C
Feedback
A
B

C

D

Incorrect because Great Man Theory stresses only the leader.
Incorrect because Trait Theory is focused only on the characteristics of the
leader.
Correct. Situational Theory includes the environment and emphasizes that the
leader is not necessarily chosen but evolves. And Modern Theories of leadership
focus on followers, situation, and leader.
Incorrect because Great Man Theory stresses only the leader.

PTS: 1
DIF: Moderate
KEY: Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Application | Content Area:
Management of Care, Collaboration With Interdisciplinary Team | Integrated Process: Communication and
Documentation