Test bank for guide to nursing management and leadership 8th edition by tomey

Test Bank for Guide to Nursing Management and Leadership 8th Edition
by Tomey
Link download:
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CHAPTER 7: THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT
DEVELOPMENT
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A newly hired staff nurse observed the nurse manager’s leadership style. The
nurse manager used rules and policies to guide the staff and expected
compliance. The nurse manager’s leadership style was:
a. Shared governance
b. Democratic
c. Laissez-faire
d. Bureaucratic

ANS: D
The leader or manager who adopts the bureaucratic style relies on rules and
policies, takes an autocratic approach to directions, and expects compliance.
REF: 183
2. The nurse manager sees herself as demonstrating leadership skills based on the
situation. She can be a follower as well as a leader; she is aware of her
behavior and the behavior of her followers. The nurse manager’s leadership
style is:
a. Transactional leadership
b. Integrative leadership
c. Transformational leadership
d. Situational leadership

ANS: B

Integrative leadership is a holistic approach to oneself and others that requires
adaptive behavior. Leaders need to be aware of their own behavior and
influence on others, the individual differences of followers, group
characteristics, motivation, task structures, environmental factors, and
situational variables and adjust their leadership style accordingly.
REF: 188
3. Unit personnel have a great deal of respect for the nurse manager. Based on
Fred Fielder’s contingency model of leadership, what situation helps the nurse
manager to be effective?
a. Unit environment
b. Staff-to-staff relations
c. Positional power
d. Staff empowerment

ANS: C
Positional power refers to the authority inherent in a position; the power to use
rewards and punishment; and the organization’s support of one’s decisions.
REF: 184
4. Hersey and Blanchard’s situational leadership theory predicts the most
appropriate leadership style based on which of the following variables?
a. Readiness of followers
b. Readiness of physicians
c. Readiness of nurses
d. Readiness of the organization

ANS: A
The situational leadership theory predicts which will be the most appropriate
leadership style based on the level of maturity of the followers.
REF: 186
5. Transactional leadership focuses on management tasks and trade-offs in

exchange for expected performance. In transformational leadership, the nurse
manager:
a. Sets goals for the employees
b. Uses management by exception


c. Focuses on day-to-day operations
d. Encourages self-management

ANS: D
The leader in transformational leadership uses individualized approaches,
provides a sense of direction, and encourages self-management.
REF: 187
6. Which of the following management theorists established a work standard
based on the effects of fatigue on work performance?
a. Frederick Taylor
b. Frank Gilbreth
c. Henry Gantt
d. Abraham Maslow

ANS: B
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth emphasized the benefits of job simplification and
the establishment of work standards, as well as the effects of incentive wage
plans and fatigue on work performance.
REF: 190
7. Which management theorist focused on the organization as a whole rather than
concentrating solely on production?
a. Frederick Taylor
b. Frank Gilbreth
c. Lillian Gilbreth

d. Max Weber

ANS: D
Max Weber, the “father of organizational theory,” conceptualized bureaucracy,
with its emphasis on rules instead of individuals and on competence over
favoritism, as the most efficient basis for organization.
REF: 191
8. The primary difference between the classical management theorists and the
behavioral science theorists is that the latter:


a.
b.
c.
d.

Focus on productivity
Focus on social environment
Focus on having a positive attitude toward people
Focus on organizational structure

ANS: C
Behavioral science theorists stress the importance of maintaining a positive
attitude toward people, training managers, fitting supervisory actions to the
situation, meeting employees’ needs, promoting employees’ sense of
achievement, and obtaining commitment through participation in planning and
decision making.
REF: 192
9. Which of the following management theorists favored a division of work
through specialization?

a. Elton Mayo
b. Kurt Lewin
c. Jacob Moreno
d. Henri Fayol

ANS: D
Henri Fayol believed in the division of work and argued that specialization
increases efficiency.
REF: 190
10. What might one find in Likert’s consultative system that would be less likely
in participative management systems?
a. Staff members’ ideas are sought.
b. Sometimes an informal organization resists the formal goals.
c. Staff members feel free to discuss their jobs with the manager.
d. Decision making is integrated throughout the organization.

ANS: B
Sometimes an informal organization resists the formal goals in the consultative
system, whereas in the participative management system, there would be no
informal organization resisting the goals of the formal organization because the
goals of both are the same.


REF: 195
11. Which theorist introduced the concept of management by objectives as a way
to manage managers?
a. Rensis Likert
b. Kenneth Blanchard
c. Peter Drucker
d. Tom Peters

ANS: C
Peter Drucker introduced management by objectives as a way to manage
managers.
REF: 198
12. Which of the following theorists stresses leadership that serves people?
a. Warren Bennis
b. Robert Greenleaf
c. Larry Spears
d. Peter Senge

ANS: B
Robert Greenleaf wrote Servant Leadership. Servant leadership puts serving
first, takes a holistic approach, shares decision making, and builds community.
REF: 199
13. According to Peter Senge’s theory, all of the following are disciplines for
building a learning organization except:
a. Systems thinking
b. Personal mastery
c. Mental models
d. Emotional competence

ANS: D


Peter Senge’s theory is based on five disciplines: (1) systems thinking, (2)
personal mastery, (3) mental models, (4) shared vision, and (5) team learning
and tools and strategies to build a learning organization. Daniel Goleman
stressed the importance of teaching emotional competence.
REF: 199

14. The nurse manager demonstrates self-confidence in his ability to lead. He also
describes himself as a visionary with empathy. Daniel Goleman identifies this
behavior as:
a. A servant leader
b. A benchmark for excellence
c. An emotional intelligence competency
d. Contingent reinforcement leadership

ANS: C
According to Goleman, one necessary emotional intelligence competency is
being a visionary who can mobilize others to follow a vision through
self-confidence, empathy, action as a change catalyst, and visionary leadership.
REF: 200
15. The staff developer prepared a presentation for the hospital regarding diversity.
What is the single most important factor predicting successful implementation
of a diversity program?
a. Nurses’ support
b. Administrative support
c. Physicians' support
d. Stake holders’ support

ANS: B
Administrative support is the single most important factor predicting
implementation success.
REF: 203
16. The chief nursing officer (CNO) scheduled performance evaluations for one
male nurse manager and one female nurse manager. Which leadership skill
would the CNO expect to find in the leadership styles of both genders?
a. Autocratic management style

b. Aggressive communication skills
c. Skills in networking outside the organization
d. Nondirective management style

ANS: C
Both male and female leaders maintain a complex network of relationships
with people outside the organization.
REF: 204
17. The nurse applicant revealed during a job interview that he had undergone a
below-the-knee amputation. After the interview, the nurse manager thanked the
nurse for coming in but said she was sorry that she would not be able to hire
him (even though there were openings available). What law did the nurse
manager violate?
a. The Rehabilitation Act
b. The Civil Rights Act
c. The Americans with Disabilities Act
d. The Equal Employment Opportunity Act

ANS: C
In 1990, Congress passed the Americans with Disabilities Act to eliminate
discrimination against people with physical or mental disabilities in the
workplace. Applicants with disabilities have indicated that they have been
refused job interviews, turned down for jobs for which they are qualified,
given lesser responsibilities than others, passed over for promotions, and
denied health insurance.
REF: 206
18. Which kind of followers believe they must please the boss?
a. Effective followers
b. Conformist followers

c. Alienated followers
d. Ineffective followers

ANS: B
Conformist followers believe that they must always please the boss.


REF: 207
19. A staff nurse did not agree with the nurse manager about the new staffing
policy. What is the best way for the staff nurse to handle the situation
effectively?
a. Discuss the disagreement in a public forum
b. Try to develop solutions to the problem
c. Bring up the problem during a Joint Commission survey
d. Tell the nurse manager that the manager’s decision was unprofessional

ANS: B
The staff nurse should probably start with a private meeting with the nurse
manager with recommendations in hand. The staff nurse would need
administrative support to change the policy and should not catch the manager
by surprise in public.
REF: 207
20. A school nurse planned a health promotion program on character development
for a group of seventh-graders. Which behavior most likely prompted the
school nurse to develop the program?
a. Increased teacher involvement
b. Manifestations of students’ trust of each other
c. Students’ increasing use of sexual language while walking down the
halls
d. Decrease in sexual activity among teens

ANS: C
A deterioration in language and increasingly self-destructive behavior, such as
premature sexual activity, indicate a need for character development.
REF: 208
21. Part of the performance evaluation for a staff nurse focused on ethics and
character development. What kind of activity demonstrates to the nurse
manager that a staff nurse has a healthy character?
a. Declining civic responsibility
b. Attempt to create a caring workplace
c. Promotion of exterior motivation
d. Excessive drinking leading to increased absenteeism


ANS: B
To promote character development, the organization must be a caring
community.
REF: 208
22. Which professional statement makes it clear that a nurse’s responsibility is first
to the patient and second to the institution?
a. Nursing’s Social Policy
b. Nursing’s Social Justice Policy
c. The Code of Ethics
d. The bylaws of the American Organization of Nurse Executives

ANS: C
The Code of Ethics makes it clear that a nurse’s responsibility is first to the
patient and second to the institution.
REF: 209
23. A staff nurse began a graduate program focusing on health systems

management. To be prepared as an effective leader in a health care agency, the
staff nurse would probably benefit the most from instruction in which area?
a. Information systems
b. Computerized charting
c. Computerized medical records
d. Self-regulation of nursing practice

ANS: A
The American Association of Colleges of Nursing and the American
Organization of Nurse Executives specify the need for education about
information systems for nurse administrators.
REF: 209
24. The primary difference between leadership and management is that leadership
is more outcomes oriented and management is more:
a. Process oriented
b. Solutions oriented


c. Conflict resolution oriented
d. Organization oriented

ANS: A
Nursing leadership is broader than management and is concerned with doing
the right things. It does overlap some with management, but the latter is more
process oriented and is concerned with doing things right.
REF: 210
25. Which of the following trends is most important for the twenty-first-century
leader and manager?
a. Shortage of health care facilities
b. Spread of Asian flu

c. Shortage of medication
d. Globalization

ANS: D
Health care economics, globalization, innovation, succession, safety as it
relates to the nursing shortage, and achievement of magnet status are topics of
major importance for leaders and managers in the twenty-first century.
REF: 210