Plone 3 multimedia

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Plone 3 Multimedia

Embed, display, and manage multimedia content in
your Plone website

Tom Gross

BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI

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Plone 3 Multimedia
Copyright © 2010 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written
permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in
critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy
of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is
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caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
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companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals.
However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

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Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
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ISBN 978-1-847197-66-5
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Cover Image by Filippo Sarthi ()

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Credits
Author
Tom Gross
Reviewers
Vincent Fretin
Eric Steele
Acquisition Editor
Rashmi Phadnis
Development Editor
Rakesh Shejwal
Technical Editor
Kavita Iyer
Copy Editor
Sneha Kulkarni
Indexer
Rekha Nair

Editorial Team Leader
Mithun Sehgal
Project Team Leader
Lata Basantani
Project Coordinator
Srimoyee Ghoshal
Proofreader
Chris Smith
Graphics
Geetanjali Sawant
Production Coordinator
Adline Swetha Jesuthas
Avinish Kumar
Cover Work
Adline Swetha Jesuthas

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About the Author
Tom Gross is a longtime Zope and Plone user and developer. Since Plone 4.0, he

has been a core contributor, and he took responsibility for the rewrite of the reference
browser widget. Besides his development and consultant work in Australia,
Germany, and Switzerland, he writes technical and philosophical (audio) books.
Tom lives in Zurich and is currently working as a Zope/Plone consultant for the
University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland. Casually, he is doing
some other Python, GAE, and repoze.bfg projects.
Tom wrote the German audiobook Können Maschinen denken? Searles moderne

Interpretation des Körper-Geist-Problems.

I'd like to thank Anne for her support and patience while writing
this book. Furthermore, I'd like to thank Tom D. for showing me
some really cool Python techniques.

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About the Reviewers
Vincent Fretin has been developing enterprise collaborative portals from Plone

since 2008. He participates in the Grok and Plone communities, and has helped to
integrate the Grok technology into Plone since early 2009. He's one of the maintainers
of ArchGenXML and contributes to AGX 3 development.
Vincent also takes an active role in Plone itself as the internationalization team
leader since Plone 3.2. He also contributed new functionalities to Plone 4, including
Amberjack to create interactive guided tours.
He works for the Ecréall company at Lille in France, and can be found daily on the
#plone, #grok, and #dolmen IRC channels.
Ecréall develops portals that follow the customer business process (the way BPM
does).

Eric Steele has been using Zope since 2002 and Plone since 2005. He currently
works as a developer for Penn State University's WebLion group. He is the author of
several widely used Plone products, including GloWorm and FacultyStaffDirectory.
Eric serves as the Plone 4 release manager and is a member of the Plone Foundation.

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Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: Plone and Multimedia
Some definitions
CMS
ZCA
WWW
Buildout
What is multimedia?
Why Plone?
Plone Content
How do they fit?
Plone4Artists
Summary

Chapter 2: Managing Image Content

The Image content type
Adding images with an unmodified Plone
Working with sizes
Dimension
Limiting sizes

1
7

7
7
8
9
9
10
12
13
14
15
16

17
18
18
20
20
20

Accessing images

23

Workflow
The thumbnail view
Using images in pages and news items

26
26
28

URL access
Page template access
Python code access
Field access

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23
24
25


Table of Contents

Customizing Kupu's image features
Styling images
Use different sizes for presentation
Generating a package boilerplate
Adding functionality to the boilerplate

29
30
31
31
33

Enhancing images with p4a.ploneimage
The Exchangeable Image Format (Exif)

Removing p4a.ploneimage
Image-enhanced folders
Gallery products for Plone
Creating galleries with collective.plonetruegallery

35
38
38
38
39
40

The Slideshowfolder product
Choosing a slideshow product
Manipulating Images
Summary

46
48
48
51

Advanced settings for the gallery
Accessing Flickr
Accessing Picasa
Accessing external services

Chapter 3: Managing Audio Content

Uploading audio files with an unmodified Plone installation

Accessing audio content in Plone
Kupu access
Page template access
Python script access
Field access

43
44
45
46

53
54
55
55
55
56
56

Audio formats
Choosing the right audio format
Converting audio formats

57
59
60

Audio metadata
ID3 tag: The metadata format for MP3
Metadata of other audio formats

Editing audio metadata
Audio enhancements with p4a.ploneaudio
Enhancing files
Enhancing containers
The XML Shareable Playlist Format: XSPF
p4a.ploneaudio and the Plone catalog

61
61
61
62
63
63
67
68
69

Converting audio with VLC

Accessing audio metadata in Collections

ATAudio migration
Extracting metadata with AudioDataAccessors
p4a.ploneaudio and FLAC
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70

71
71
72


Table of Contents

Including audio into HTML
Including audio with plugin elements
A custom view with an embedded audio player
Using Flowplayer

75
75
76
78

Technology preview: HTML5
A player view with HTML5
Summary

81
82
83

Standalone Flowplayer for audio files
Playlist Flowplayer for audio containers
Audio Flowplayer as a portlet

Inline audio player with Flowplayer

Chapter 4: Managing Video Content

Managing videos the Plone way
Accessing video content
Accessing video content through the Web
Downloading content
Streaming content

79
80
80
80

85
86
87
88
88
89

Streaming the content using Flash
Streaming video content with Plone

90
91

A custom view for streaming videos
Enhancing Plone's video features

The p4a.plonevideo product

94
97
97

Embedding videos with Kupu

Converting standalone file content into videos
Enhancing containers with video features
Migrating ATVideo content to p4a.plonevideo content
Embedding external videos with p4a.plonevideoembed
Adding a custom provider to p4a.plonevideoembed

91

98
100
102
102
104

Adding collective.flowplayer
The Flash video format

107
107

Plumi: A complete video solution
Installing Plumi

Preview: HTML5
A custom view with HTML5
Summary

117
119
120
121
122

Using the collective.flowplayer product
Enhancing files and links
Enhancing containers
Showing videos in portlets
Inline inclusion of videos
Visual editor integration
Setting options
Removing Flowplayer

109
109
110
110
112
113
113
115

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Table of Contents

Chapter 5: Managing Flash Content

What is Flash?
Including Flash in HTML
Flash and HTML5
Flash in Kupu
The Flash 10 issue
Working around the Flash 10 issue
Products targeting Flash
Using ATFlashMovie to include Flash applets in Plone
A Flash portlet
Flash in a Collage view

Extracting Flash metadata with hexagonit.swfheader
The basic components of a custom Flash content type
A view for the custom Flash content type

123
124
125
127
127
128
129
131

131

134
135

136

137
138

Silverlight
Installing Silverlight

140
140

Including Silverlight content
pyswftools: Manipulating Flash with Python
Installing pyswftools
Using pyswftools
Summary

141
143
143
144
147

Installing Moonlight on Linux

Chapter 6: Content Control

Categorization
Folder categorization
The Dublin Core metadata
Managing keywords in Plone
Categorization methods

Using Collections for structuring content
Automated content actions with Content Rules

Categorization products

Products.PloneGlossary
Other categorization solutions for Plone

140

149
150
150
152
153
155

155
161

165

165
167

Tagging and rating with Plone
Tagging content with the p4a.plonetagging product
Using Tag Clouds with Plone
Rating content with the plone.contentratings product

168
168
170
171

Other means of content control
Geolocation of content with Google Maps

175
176

Creating a custom rating category with a view

Installing and configuring Maps
Using the Maps product
Extending the Maps product

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177
178
180


Table of Contents

Licensing content in Plone
Summary

182
185

Chapter 7: Content Syndication

187

What is Syndication?
Syndication formats

188
188

The RSS syndication format
The Atom syndication format
Other syndication formats

189
192

193

Autodiscovery
Syndication clients
Syndication features of Plone
Using Collections for syndication
Feeding a search
Syndication products for Plone
The fatsyndication product bundle

197
198
198
200
202
203
203

The basesyndication product
The fatsyndication product

203
207

Syndication with Vice

207

Extending Vice

Syndication of Plone4Artists products
Summary

Chapter 8: Advanced Upload Techniques

Uploading strategies
Web-driven bulk uploads
Using collective.uploadify for web-based multiupload
Web-based multiuploads with PloneFlashUpload
Doing multiuploads of ZIP structures with atreal.massloader
atreal.massloader on Mac OS X

Web uploaders compared
Alternative protocols for uploading files
Using the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) with Plone
Choosing an FTP client

Content manipulation with WebDAV
Finding a WebDAV client

Using the Enfold Desktop as a Plone client with Windows
Summary

Chapter 9: Advanced Storage

Default storage in Plone
Archetypes storage
Outsourcing multimedia content
Optimized data storage in Plone

212

217
222

223
223
224
224
228
230

232

233
234
234

235

237

238

241
242

243
244
245

247
248

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Using ExternalStorage as an Archetype storage backend
Using FileSystemStorage as an Archetype storage backend

248
250

Storing binary data as BLOBs

260

Storage strategies of FSS
Using FSS
Important things to know about FSS
BLOB images
Migrating existing content

252
256
260
264

265

Accessing filesystem content with Reflecto
Publisher hooks
The Tramline publisher hook product

266
268
269

Summary

277

Tramline setup preparations
Configuring Apache for Tramline
Configuring Plone for Tramline

Chapter 10: Serving and Caching

The caching server Varnish
Using Varnish
Setting caching headers with CacheFu
Configuring CacheFu
Red5: A video-on-demand Flash server
Requirements for setting up a Red5 server
A Red5 buildout
Using Red5
The temporary URL
The Red5Stream content type

Visual editor integration

Troubleshooting Red5

Java version issues
Checking the logs
Network and time issues
Running Red5 server in the foreground mode

Summary

Appendix A: Multimedia Formats and Licenses
Audio formats
Lossless codecs

The Free Lossless Audio Codec
Other lossless audio codecs

269
270
271

279
280
281
284
284
288
288
289

292

293
294
295

296

296
296
296
298

299

301
302
303

303
303

Lossy codecs

304

MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3
Ogg Vorbis
Other lossy codecs

305
305
305

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Video formats
Lossless codecs
MPEG-4 Part 2 codecs
H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codecs
Microsoft codecs
Creative Commons Licenses
License conditions

306
306
307
307
308
308
309

Attribution
Share Alike
Noncommercial

No Derivative Works

The Main Creative Commons Licenses
Attribution License
Attribution Share Alike license
Attribution No Derivatives
Attribution Non-commercial
Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike
Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives

Appendix B: Syndication Formats
RSS
RSS 2.0 specification

Required channel elements
Optional channel elements

309
309
310
310

310

310
311
312
313
314
315

317
317
318

319
319

RSS 2.0 Example
Atom
Constructing Atom documents

324
325
325

An Atom example
MediaRSS
Primary elements

327
328
328

Optional elements

330

The type attribute
Persons

Dates

325
326
326

<media:group>
<media:content>

328
328

<media:rating>
<media:title>
<media:thumbnail>
<media:category>
<media:player>
<media:text>
<media:community>
<media:embed>
<media:license>
<media:location>

330
331
331
331
332
332
333

333
334
334

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Appendix C: Links and Further Information

335

Index

343

Getting Plone help
Documentation on plone.org
Google and blogs
Mailing lists/forums
IRC (Online support)
Commercial support
Finding Plone add-ons
The PyPi Python egg index
Plone products on plone.org
The Plone Collective
Links for selected multimedia topics

Image links
Audio links
Video encoding and conversion resources
Flash and Silverlight

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336
336
336
337
338
338
339
339
340
340
340
341
341
341


Preface
Multimedia is the dominant aspect of the Internet today. There is almost no site
with no pictures, videos, Flash animations, or audio content. The integration of
multimedia content is the daily mission of web editors and site integrators.

Plone is a mature, stable, and flexible content management system. With the
batteries included it provides a complete and user friendly system for managing
web content. Completely object-oriented, it is well suited for extensions written
in Python.
In this book you will learn to bring these two topics together. It will show you how
you can prepare multimedia data for the Web and turn it into valuable content using
Plone. With step-by-step examples you will learn how to use Plone and add-ons to
provide an appealing multimedia web experience.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Plone and Multimedia, tells you what multimedia is all about and what
you can expect from Plone. It also shows some reasons why we can, and should,
use our favorite Open Source CMS Plone for some additional multimedia candy.
Chapter 2, Managing Image Content, shows how we can add images, organize them
in folders with thumbnail view, and how to access them. It also discusses two
gallery products.
Chapter 3, Managing Audio Content, shows how to add audio content to Plone
and enhance its features with Plone4Artists products. It also shows how to include
audio data in HTML with plugins and Flash.
Chapter 4, Managing Video Content, discusses how to add video content to Plone.
It also discusses the difference between downloading and streaming, and various
products used for enhancing videos in Plone.

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Preface

Chapter 5, Managing Flash Content, shows how to include Flash and Silverlight in

Plone. It discusses two products that help in improving the inclusion of Flash
content in Plone.
Chapter 6, Content Control, investigates classic categorization methods. It glances at
some products that ease or extend the categorization methods of the default Plone
CMS. It also looks at the important techniques of tagging and rating, and few more
techniques of content control.
Chapter 7, Content Syndication, talks about syndication. It shows how to use RSS
syndication with an unmodified Plone installation with collections and searches.
It also shows how to enhance syndication with add-on products.
Chapter 8, Advanced Upload Techniques, shows how to get content into Plone.
It shows various approaches to upload multiple files. It also shows how to
upload files using alternative protocols such as FTP and WebDAV.
Chapter 9, Advanced Storage, shows some storage mechanisms in Plone. It also
investigates publisher hooks.
Chapter 10, Serving and Caching, looks at applications other than Plone such as
reverse proxy cache Varnish and Red5, and how to use use CacheFu and also to
set cache headers.
Appendix A, Multimedia Formats and Licenses, looks at details of formats and codecs
used for the storage and transmission of audio and video content. It also looks at the
Creative Commons licenses, which can be used to license open (multimedia) content.
Appendix B, Syndication Formats, looks at specifications of RSS 2.0, Atom, and the
MediaRSS syndication format extension.
Appendix C, Links and Further Information, discusses how to use different sources
such as the Web, e-mails, and so on to find Plone add-ons and links to selected
multimedia topics.

What you need for this book

To run the examples included with the book, you will need Python
version 2.4 compiled from the sources or installed from an installer available from

All the examples contain the full application stack
including Zope version 2.10.9 and Plone 3.3.3 in the form of a buildout configuration.
You can use a Plone from the UnifiedInstaller available at />products/plone and change the buildout configuration accordingly.

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Preface

The examples are intended to work on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux, if not
indicated otherwise. This book is for Plone integrators who want to extend the core
of Plone with multimedia features. It gives no introduction to Plone and readers
should know how to set up a Plone site using a buildout. The book can be read and
understood well without being a Python developer, though some examples have
Python code included.

Who this book is for

This book is for Plone integrators who want to extend the core of Plone with
multimedia features. It gives no introduction to Plone and readers should know
how to set up a Plone site using a buildout. The book can be read and understood
well even if the reader is not a Python developer, though some examples have
Python code included.

Conventions

In this book, you will find a number of styles of text that distinguish between
different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an

explanation of their meaning.
Code words in text are shown as follows: "We can include other contexts through
the use of the include directive."
A block of code is set as follows:
<archetype ATImage>
# maximum file size in byte, kb or mb
max_file_size no
# maximum image dimension (w, h)
# 0,0 means no rescaling of the original image

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the
relevant lines or items are set in bold:
install_requires=[
'setuptools',
# -*- Extra requirements: -*'p4a.common',
'p4a.ploneimage',
],

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Preface

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:
$ paster create -t plone3_theme

New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the
screen, in menus or dialog boxes for example, appear in the text like this: "In the

Transform tab, we find a selection of tools for limited image manipulation support."

Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

Tips and tricks appear like this.

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To send us general feedback, simply send an e-mail to ,
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Customer support

Now that you are the proud owner of a Packt book, we have a number of things to
help you to get the most from your purchase.

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Preface

Downloading the example code for the book
Visit />to directly download the example code.
The downloadable files contain instructions on how to use them.

Errata

Although we have taken every care to ensure the accuracy of our content,
mistakes do happen. If you find a mistake in one of our books—maybe a mistake
in the text or the code—we would be grateful if you would report this to us. By
doing so, you can save other readers from frustration and help us improve
subsequent versions of this book. If you find any errata, please report them by
visiting selecting your book, clicking on
the let us know link, and entering the details of your errata. Once your errata
are verified, your submission will be accepted and the errata will be uploaded
on our website, or added to any list of existing errata, under the Errata section
of that title. Any existing errata can be viewed by selecting your title from
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Piracy of copyright material on the Internet is an ongoing problem across all media.
At Packt, we take the protection of our copyright and licenses very seriously. If you
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Please contact us at with a link to the suspected
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We appreciate your help in protecting our authors, and our ability to bring
you valuable content.

Questions

You can contact us at if you are having a problem with
any aspect of the book, and we will do our best to address it.

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Plone and Multimedia
Multimedia is the dominant part of the World Wide Web as we face it today. Every
site has at least some images to give the site visitor a better "picture" of the presented
content. Web-based multimedia services such as YouTube, Flickr, and Picasa are
growing rapidly and there seems to be no end in sight.
Plone is a Web Content Management System written to serve big amounts of web
content in a secure and professional manner. Do these two concepts go together?
Can Plone meet the requirements of a shiny multimedia web?
This book will show you how to turn your multimedia data into valuable web
content with Plone. It will show you how to utilize third-party products to make
the most out of your favorite CMS. Let's start with some general discussion about
the topics that this book will cover.

Some definitions

Before we can dig into the topic, we need some definitions of the key terms.
These terms will follow us through the book.

CMS

CMS stands for Content Management System. It is a general term covering several
types of software intended to store, manage, and provide digital data. Digital data
that is managed by a CMS is referred to as content.
There are several types of content management systems: Document management
systems, Digital Records Management systems, Electronic Content Management
systems, web-based content management systems, and others.

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Plone and Multimedia

Plone is a classic web-based CMS. Editing and viewing of the content is completely
done through the Web. Although there are other means of feeding Plone with
data and getting it in and out again, the web browser is the main interface for the
interaction of humans with Plone.
In the book, we will see alternative methods for interacting with Plone.

ZCA

The ZCA is the Zope Component Architecture. It was introduced with Zope 3 and
is now part of Zope 2, and therefore of Plone with the help of the Five product (2+3).
This strategy, which shares many ideas with the Mozilla Component Architecture,
allows us the use of adapters and utilities.
With adapters, we can do so-called aspect oriented programming. An adapter
represents a certain aspect of a context object. A simple example of an adapter is a
size adapter that calculates the size of an object. How this is done depends on the

nature of the context. It can be as simple as calling the len method on the context,
or there can be a complex function behind it. A simple adapter call (without the
definition and the registration) looks like this:
>>> ISize(context)
>>> 587

Adapters can have more than one context. These adapters are called multi-adapters.
One example is a BrowserView, which takes a content object and the request as
context. BrowserViews are certain aspects of the content in a publishing situation.
Utilities are methods or classes (Callables) stored in a registry and, therefore,
easy to acquire. An example of a utility is a vocabulary. The underlying method
returns an iterator of term objects. These term objects may be used for choice or
selection widgets.
A good introduction to the ZCA can be found in Philipp von
Weitershausen's book Web Component Development with Zope 3.
The book is slightly outdated, but still a good source for learning
the ZCA with examples.

In this book we will focus on products utilizing the ZCA, if possible. These products
are more flexible, and overriding an adapter for custom purposes is easier and better
than monkey patching.

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Chapter 1

WWW

The WWW (World Wide Web) is the playground of Plone. Many web pages use the
domain name "www", but this is not meant here.
What is meant here is the sum of all web pages and portals that are reachable with
a web browser. Technically speaking, this is everything with an URL. Usually URLs
accessible with a web browser utilize HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) or FTP
(File Transfer Protocol).

Buildout

The term buildout is used for two things: a piece of software, correctly spelled as
zc.buildout, and a concept for configuring software using zc.buildout.
Since version 3.0, Plone is distributed with a buildout. In the common use of the
term, buildout refers to one or more files used for configuration. This file is usually
called buildout.cfg and contains all the necessary bits and pieces for fetching the
Plone application from online resources and configuring it. This file can be extended
to install and configure arbitrary add-on products.
There are ready available buildouts for special use cases such as publication
management with Plone, a video suite for Plone, and a newsletter application
with Plone; or they can be put together with ZopeSkel templates.
Possibly, the shortest buildout for setting up Plone 3.3.3 is this:
[buildout]
parts =
zope2
instance
extends =
/>versions = versions
[zope2]
recipe = plone.recipe.zope2install
url = ${versions:zope2-url}

[instance]
recipe = plone.recipe.zope2instance
zope2-location = ${zope2:location}
user = admin:admin
http-address = 8080
eggs =
Plone
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Plone and Multimedia

The code examples in this book are available together with readymade buildouts,
which set up Plone and the necessary multimedia parts.

What is multimedia?
According to Wikipedia, multimedia is:

... media and content that uses a combination of different content forms. The term
can be used as a noun (a medium with multiple content forms) or as an adjective
describing a medium as having multiple content forms. The term is used in
contrast to media, which only use traditional forms of printed or hand-produced
material. Multimedia includes a combination of text, audio, still images, animation,
video, and interactivity content forms.
This is a very formal definition. In common language use, "multimedia" is simply
images, audio, video, and animations (including interactive ones). Today, we face
multimedia in many aspects of our daily life. Probably most of us have a digital
camera. We play with interactive multimedia terminals when we go to the museum.

We watch DVD movies now and then, and last but not least we use the World Wide
Web to enjoy and share multimedia of all different forms.
The Web did not always have the multimedia capabilities that it has today. It started
merely as a text and image platform with the brilliant idea of hyperlinks.
With the growth of the Web, the requirements followed. People wanted to publish
other forms of media. The browser companies reacted and Netscape, the leading
browser manufacturer at that time, introduced the embed element and Microsoft
the object element to include arbitrary multimedia contents into a web page.
Embedding a multimedia object (a MIDI soundfile) in Netscape looks like this:
<embed src="beatles.mid" />

Including a sound file in Microsoft looks like this:
classid="clsid:22D6F312-B0F6-11D0-94AB-0080C74C7E95">

</object>

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