Sách Tiếng Anh How to write and give a speech explorer junior library how to write

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Copyright©2012byCherryLakePublishing
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedorutilizedin
anyformorbyanymeanswithoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Minden,Cecilia.
Howtowriteandgiveaspeech/byCeciliaMindenandKateRoth.
p.cm.—(Languageartsexplorerjunior)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN-13:978-1-61080-108-9(lib.bdg.)
ISBN-10:1-61080-108-3(lib.bdg.)
1.Speechwriting—Juvenileliterature.2.Publicspeaking—Juvenile
literature.I.Roth,Kate.II.Title.
PN4142.M562011
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CLFA09


TableofContents
CHAPTERONE
IHavetoGiveaSpeech!
CHAPTERTWO
SpeakAboutWhatYouKnow!
CHAPTERTHREE
GetTheirAttention
CHAPTERFOUR
BuildingtheBodyofYourSpeech
CHAPTERFIVE
WrappingEverythingUp
CHAPTERSIX
Practice,Practice,Practice!

Glossary
ForMoreInformation
Index
AbouttheAuthors


CHAPTERONE

IHavetoGiveaSpeech!

Manypeoplearescaredofgivingaspeech.Thereisnoneedtobescared.Withalittleplanning,
youcangiveaspeechwithconfidence!
First,askyourselfafewquestions.Whyareyougivingthisspeech?Isitforaclassproject?

Isitforacluborsportsteam?Knowingthepurposeofthespeechhelpsyouplanwhatyouwant
tosay.



CHAPTERTWO

SpeakAboutWhatYouKnow!

Giving a speech is one way of sharing what you know with others. Speeches are different than
reports. People read written reports. They listen to speeches. Think about how you speak to
others as you write your speech. Keep your sentences short. Choose your words carefully. Too
manydetailsmakeithardfortheaudiencetokeepupwithyou.
Let’ssayyouareaskedtogivea3-to5-minutespeechtoyourclass.Howwillyouchoosea
topic? It is always best to talk about what you know. Why not write about a favorite hobby or
activity?

ACTIVITY
ChooseaTopic!


HERE’SWHATYOU’LLNEED:
•Apencilandpaper(oracomputerandaprinter)
INSTRUCTIONS:
1.Makealistofyourfavoritehobbiesoractivities.
2.Chooseonehobbyoractivityforyourspeech.
3.Nowlisteverythingthatisinterestingaboutthehobbyoractivity.
4.ReadoverthissecondlistWhatpointswouldinterestyourclassmatesmost?

SamplelistofTopics

SpeechTopicIdeas:
1.Hiking
2.Playingtheguitar
3.Playingbasketball

SamplelistofTopics
Interestingthingsabouthiking:
1.Whathikerswear
2.Howhikerscarrysupplies
3.Hikingsafely
4.Goodhikingspots
5.Readingmaps



CHAPTERTHREE

GetTheirAttention
Somespeakersbegintheirspeechwithaninterestingfactorastory.Othersbeginwithaquoteor
aquestion.Theseareallwaysyoucangettheaudience’sattention.
Youshouldalsotelltheaudiencewhatyourspeechwillbeabout.Itisimportanttoinclude
whytheyshouldlistentoyourtalk.

ACTIVITY
WritetheOpening!
HERE’SWHATYOU’LLNEED:
•Booksorarticlesaboutyourtopic.
•Apencilandpaper(oracomputerandaprinter)

INSTRUCTIONS:
1.readbooks,articles,orWebsitesthatdealwithyourtopicUsewhatyoulearnto
createalistofdifferentwaystoopenyourspeech.
2.Findaquoteaboutyourtopicandwriteitdown.
3.Pickaninterestingfactaboutyourtopicandwriteitdown.
4.Comeupwithaquestionaboutyourtopicandwriteitdown.
5.LookoveryourlistandchoosethebestwaytoopenyourspeechStartwriting!

Samplelistofopenings
QUOTE:
“Makeyourfeetyourfriend.”—J.M.Barrie
INTERESTINGFACT:
Hikingiscalled“hillwalking”inEngland.
QUESTION:
HowmanyofyouliketosleeplateonSaturdays?

SampleopeningStatement
HowmanyofyouliketosleeplateonSaturdays?Ido,too!OneSaturdayamonth,though,Iget
upearly.Why?Thatisthedaymyfamilygoeshikinginthewoods.Today,Iwilltellyouafew
thingsabouthiking.



CHAPTERFOUR

BuildingtheBodyofYourSpeech
You have the audience’s attention! Now you must write the body of your speech. Choose three
mainpointsaboutyourtopicthatyouplantodiscuss.
First,namethepoints.Thentellmoreabouteachofthem.Thishelpstheaudiencefollowyour
speech. Think about the order of your main points. As you write, try to link the main points

together.


Youmaywanttousevisualaids.Makesurethateveryoneintheaudiencewillbeabletosee
the visual aids. Do not pass around objects during your speech. Sometimes the audience pays
moreattentiontotheobjectsthantothespeaker!

ACTIVITY
WritetheBody!
HERE’SWHATYOU’LLNEED:


•Apencilandpaper(oracomputerandaprinter)
INSTRUCTIONS:
1.Writethethreemainpointsyouwanttoputinyourspeech.
2.Explainthefirstpoint.
3.Explainthesecondpoint.
4.Explainthethirdpoint.
5.Readaloudwhatyou’vewrittendoesitmakesense?Willyouraudience
understand?

SamplePointstoPutintheBody
Ideasforthebodyofthespeech:
1.Whattowearwhenhiking
2.Whattocarrywhenhiking
3.Howtostaysafewhilehiking


SampleExplanationofaMainPoint
First,herearesomeideasaboutwhattowearwhenhiking.Keepinmindthatyoumaybewalking

several miles. It is important to wear comfortable shoes with closed toes. I like to wear thick
socks.Hikingshoesandsocksprotectyourfeet.Ialsowearahattoprotectmyfacefromthesun.


CHAPTERFIVE

WrappingEverythingUp
A strong ending to your speech helps the audience remember what you have said. You should
repeatyourmainpoints.Somespeakersevenrepeattheiropeninglinestobringthespeech“full
circle.”Finally,alwaysthanktheaudienceforlisteningtoyou.

ACTIVITY
WritetheEnding!
HERE’SWHATYOU’LLNEED:
•Apencilandpaper(oracomputerandaprinter)


INSTRUCTIONS:
1.restatethemainpointsofyourspeech.
2.Writeastrongfinalsentenceoneideaistorepeatyouropeninglines.
3.Thankyouraudience.

SampleEnding
Nowyouknowafewthingsabouthikinginthewoods.Youknowwhattowear,whattobring
withyou,andhowtostaysafe.Finally,alwaysremembernottoleaveanythingbehind.Takeout
whateveryoubringintothewoods.Leavethetrailsclearforanimalsandotherhikers.Thankyou.


CHAPTERSIX

Practice,Practice,Practice!

Youfinishedwritingyourspeech!Nowyouneedtorehearseitoutloud.Somespeakersusesmall
notecardstohelpthemrememberkeypoints.Justtrytospeaknaturally.
Youshouldalsopracticewithyourvisualaids.Remembertolookattheaudienceandnotthe
visualaids.Youmaywanttoinvitefriendsandfamilymemberstolistentoyoupractice.Theycan
tellyouwhattheythinkandoffersuggestions.Askthemtotimeyouifyouhavebeengivenatime
limit.Makesureyourspeechdoesnotrunoverthelimit!
Practicingwillmakeyoumoreconfident.Youwillsoondiscoverthatspeakinginfrontofan
audienceisfun.Givingspeecheshelpsyoulearnskillsthatyouwillusefortherestofyourlife!


ACTIVITY
Rehearse!
HERE’SWHATYOU’LLNEED:
•Acopyofyourspeech
•Apencil
•Notecards
•Anyvisualaids
INSTRUCTIONS:
1.Writetheopeningofyourspeechonanotecard.
2.Writeeachofthethreemainpointsonseparatenotecards.
3.Writetheendingonanotecard.
4.Writewhatvisualaidsyouwanttouseandwhen.
5.Rehearseyourspeechseveraltimesusingthenotecardsandvisualaids.Ask
friendsandfamilymemberstolistentoyouandtimeyou!

SampleNoteCard
Mainpoint#2:
Whattocarrywhenhiking

Remembertoshowtheaudiencethewaterbottleandmapafterdiscussingthispoint!

ACTIVITY
MakeSureYouDidn’tMissAnything!
Askyourselfthesequestionsasyourehearseyourspeech:
DoIhaveanattention-gettingopening?
DoItelltheaudiencewhatmyspeechisaboutintheopening?
DoIlimitmyselftodiscussingthreemainpoints?
DoIgiveexamplesorexplanationsforeachofthemainpoints?
DoIrepeatthemainpointsintheend?
DoIhaveastrongendingthathelpstheaudiencerememberwhatI

said?
DoIremembertothanktheaudience?
DoIstaywithinmytimelimit?
DoIknowwhenandwheretoincludemyvisualaids?


Glossary
attention(uh-TEN-shuhn)theactoflookingatandlisteningtoaspeaker
audience(AW-dee-uhntz)agroupoflisteners
body(BAH-dee)themainpartofaspeech
confidence(KAN-fuh-duhntz)believinginyourselfandyourabilitytoachievesomething
purpose(PUHR-puhs)goal
rehearse(ri-HURSE)practice
speech(SPEECH)aplannedpresentationbeforeanaudience
topic(TAH-pik)subject
visualaids(VIH-zhu-uhlAYDZ)materialsthattheaudiencecanlookatduringaspeech

ForMoreInformation
BOOKS
Bullard, Lisa. Ace Your Oral or Multimedia Presentation. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow
Publishers,2009.

WEBSITES
Best-Speech-Topics.com–SpeechTopicsforKids
www.best-speech-topics.com/speech-topics-for-kids.html
CheckoutthisWebsiteforcountlesscoolspeechsubjects!

FamousSpeechesandSpeechTopics
o/
Visitthissitetocheckoutfamousspeechesaswellasadditionaltipsonpublicspeaking.


Index
attention,9,13,21
audiences,7,9,12,13,14,16,17,19,21
body,12,14–15
confidence,4,19
details,7
endings,16,17,20,21
examples,21
facts,9,10
notecards,18,20
openings,9,10–11,16,17,20,21
points,7,12,14–15,16,17,20,21
purpose,5

questions,5,9,10,21
quotes,9,10
rehearsals,18,19,20,21
reports,6
sentences,6,17
stories,9
topics,7–8,10,12
visualaids,13,19,20,21
words,6


AbouttheAuthors
Cecilia Minden, PhD, is the former director of the Language and Literacy Program at Harvard
GraduateSchoolofEducation.SheearnedherdoctoratefromtheUniversityofVirginia.Whileat
Harvard,Dr.Mindenalsotaughtseveralwritingcourses.Herresearchfocusesonearlyliteracy
skills and developing phonics curriculums. She is now a full-time literacy consultant and the
author of more than 100 books for children. Dr. Minden lives with her family in Chapel Hill,
NorthCarolina.Shelikestowriteearlyinthemorningwhilethehouseisstillquiet.
KateRothhasadoctoratefromHarvardUniversityinlanguageandliteracyandamaster’sdegree
from Columbia University Teachers College in curriculum and teaching. Her work focuses on
writing instruction in the primary grades. She has taught kindergarten, first grade, and Reading
Recovery. She has also instructed hundreds of teachers around the world in early-literacy
practices. She lives in Shanghai, China, with her husband and three children, ages 2, 6, and 9.
Together they do a lot of writing to stay in touch with friends and family and to record their
experiences.