Sams MySQL certification study guide apr 2004 ISBN 0672326329

•
•


TableofContents
Index

MySQL®CertificationStudyGuide
ByPaulDuBois,StefanHinz,

CarstenPedersen

Publisher :SamsPublishing
PubDate :April15,2004
ISBN :0-672-32632-9
Pages :648


TheMySQLcertificationprogramisacarefully
developed,high-qualitycertificationprocess
thatcanhelpyouproveyourskillsinusing,
maintaining,andadministeringMySQL
databaseserversandothertechnologiesfrom
MySQLAB.
CoveringboththebasicMySQLCore
CertificationexamandtheadvancedMySQL
ProfessionalCertificationexam,MySQL
CertificationStudyGuideistheoneauthority

tolooktowhenyou'repreparingforeither
test.Thebookteachesyoualltheconcepts,
principles,andtechniquesthatyou'llneedto
knowfortheCoreandProfessional
certificationexams,anditincludesanarray
oflearningaids,practicequestions,andrealworldexamplestohelpyoupreparefortest
day.



•
•


TableofContents
Index

MySQL®CertificationStudyGuide
ByPaulDuBois,StefanHinz,

CarstenPedersen

Publisher :SamsPublishing
PubDate :April15,2004
ISBN :0-672-32632-9
Pages :648

Copyright
AbouttheAuthors
Acknowledgments
References
WeWanttoHearfromYou!
ReaderServices
Introduction
Foreword
AboutThisBook




ConventionsUsedinThisBook




AbouttheExams

SampleTables

OtherRelatedDocuments
InterpretingDESCRIBEOutput
Summary


Chapter1.MySQLandMySQLAB
Section1.1.TheDifferenceBetweenMySQLandMySQLAB

Section1.2.HowMySQLABOperates





Section1.3.MySQLCoreValues




Section1.4.MySQLDualLicensing




Section1.6.TheMySQLMailingLists

Section1.5.OrganizationandStructureoftheMySQLReferenceManual

Section1.7.Exercises


Chapter2.MySQLSoftware
Section2.1.MajorProgramComponentsUsedinMySQL

Section2.2.MajorOperatingSystemFamiliesSupportedbyMySQL




Section2.3.DifferencesBetweenMajorMySQLDistributions
Section2.4.AvailableMySQLClientInterfaces

Section2.5.Exercises


Chapter3.UsingMySQLClientPrograms
Section3.1.InvokingCommand-LineClientPrograms




Section3.2.ThemysqlClientProgram




Section3.4.Usingmysqldump

Section3.6.UsingMySQLCC

Section3.3.Usingmysqlimport
Section3.5.CheckingTableswithmysqlcheckandmyisamchk
Section3.7.MySQLConnectivityDrivers

Section3.8.Exercises


Chapter4.DataDefinitionLanguage
Section4.1.GeneralDatabaseandTableProperties




Section4.2.StorageEnginesandTableTypes




Section4.4.IdentifierSyntax




Section4.6.CREATETABLE

Section4.8.ALTERTABLE




Section4.10.ColumnTypes

Section4.3.LimitsonNumberandSizeofDatabaseComponents
Section4.5.CREATEDATABASEandDROPDATABASE
Section4.7.DROPTABLE
Section4.9.CreatingandDroppingIndexes
Section4.11.UsingSHOWandDESCRIBEtoReviewTableStructures

Section4.12.Exercises


Chapter5.TheSELECTStatement
Section5.1.IdentifyingWhatValuestoDisplay




Section5.2.RestrictingaSelectionUsingWHERE

Section5.4.LimitingaSelectionUsingLIMIT

Section5.3.UsingORDERBYtoSortQueryResults
Section5.5.AggregateFunctions,GROUPBY,andHAVING




Section5.6.UsingDISTINCTtoEliminateDuplicates




Section5.7.ConcatenatingSELECTResultswithUNION
Section5.8.Exercises


Chapter6.BasicSQL
Section6.1.UsingSQLExpressionsandFunctions

Section6.2.UsingLIKEforPatternMatching




Section6.3.UsingIN()toTestMembershipinaListofValues

Section6.5.UsingReservedWordsasIdentifiers




Section6.7.CommentsinSQLStatements

Section6.4.CaseSensitivityofIdentifiersandReservedWords
Section6.6.NULLValues
Section6.8.Exercises


Chapter7.UpdateStatements
Section7.1.TheINSERTandREPLACEStatements

Section7.2.TheUPDATEStatement




Section7.3.TheDELETEandTRUNCATETABLEStatements
Section7.4.Exercises


Chapter8.Joins
Section8.1.WritingInnerJoins

Section8.2.WritingOuterJoins

Section8.3.ConvertingSubqueriestoJoins




Section8.5.Multiple-TableUPDATEandDELETEStatements

Section8.4.ResolvingNameClashesUsingQualifiersandAliases
Section8.6.Exercises


Chapter9.ImportingandExportingData
Section9.1.TheLOADDATAINFILEStatement

Section9.2.TheSELECT…INTOOUTFILEStatement




Section9.3.DatafileFormatSpecifiers
Section9.4.ImportingandExportingNULLValues

Section9.5.Exercises


Chapter10.MySQLArchitecture
Section10.1.Client/ServerOverview

Section10.2.ChoosingtheRightClient




Section10.4.HowMySQLUsesDiskSpace




Section10.6.LogandStatusFiles



Section10.8.Exercises

Section10.3.ConnectingtheClienttotheServer
Section10.5.HowMySQLUsesMemory
Section10.7.MySQLStorageEngines




Chapter11.MySQLInstallationandConfiguration

Section11.1.RunningMySQLonWindows




Section11.3.RuntimeMySQLConfiguration




Section11.5.UpgradingMySQL




Section11.7.ConfiguringDisksforMySQLUse

Section11.2.RunningMySQLonUnix
Section11.4.CompilingMySQLfromaSourceDistribution
Section11.6.OptimizingtheOperatingSystemforMySQLUse
Section11.8.ChoosingHardwareforMySQLUse

Section11.9.Exercises


Chapter12.SecurityIssues
Section12.1.SecuringMySQL

Section12.2.UserAccountManagement
Section12.3.ClientAccessControl

Section12.4.Exercises


Chapter13.OptimizingforQuerySpeed
Section13.1.IndexOptimizationandIndexUsage




Section13.2.UsingEXPLAINtoAnalyzeQueries




Section13.4.OptimizingtheLogicalDatabaseStructure

Section13.3.GeneralQueryEnhancement
Section13.5.Exercises


Chapter14.MyISAMTables
Section14.1.SpecialMyISAMFeatures

Section14.2.MyISAM-SpecificOptimizations

Section14.3.MyISAMLockingStrategies




Section14.5.CheckingandRepairingMyISAMTables

Section14.4.MyISAMBackupandRecovery
Section14.6.MyISAMTableMaintenance

Section14.7.Exercises


Chapter15.InnoDBTables
Section15.1.TheInnoDBTablespaceandLogs




Section15.2.InnoDBTransactionSupport




Section15.4.InnoDB-SpecificOptimizations

Section15.6.CheckingandRepairingInnoDBTables

Section15.3.HowInnoDBUsesLocks
Section15.5.InnoDBBackupandRecovery
Section15.7.InnoDBMaintenance

Section15.8.Exercises


Chapter16.AdvancedServerFeatures




Section16.1.InterpretingmysqldServerInformation



Section16.2.TuningMemoryParameters




Section16.3.UsingtheQueryCache

Section16.5.Replication

Section16.4.UsingMultipleServers
Section16.6.Exercises


AppendixA.QuickReference
SectionA.1.SQLStatements

SectionA.2.SQLFunctions



SectionA.3.ColumnTypes

SectionA.4.ServerSystemVariables


AppendixB.MySQLCertificationCandidateGuide
SectionB.1.WhatIsaMySQLCertification?




SectionB.2.OtherSourcesofInformation




SectionB.4.RegisteringforExams

SectionB.6.HowtheExamsProceed




SectionB.8.StayingUpdated




SectionB.10.MySQL4CoreCertification




SectionB.12.PearsonVUEContactInformation



SectionB.3.TheMySQLCertificationProgram
SectionB.5.PreparingfortheExams
SectionB.7.AftertheExam
SectionB.9.HowLongAretheCertificationsValid?
SectionB.11.CertifiedMySQL4Professional
SectionB.13.MySQLABCertificationNDAandLUA
Index

Copyright
Copyright©2004byMySQLAB
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookshallbereproduced,
storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedbyanymeans,
electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,
withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher.Nopatent
liabilityisassumedwithrespecttotheuseoftheinformation
containedherein.Althougheveryprecautionhasbeentakenin
thepreparationofthisbook,thepublisherandauthorassume
noresponsibilityforerrorsoromissions.Norisanyliability
assumedfordamagesresultingfromtheuseoftheinformation
containedherein.
Theworldsampledatabase:CopyrightStatisticsFinland,
/>LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:2003095797
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
FirstPrinting:April2004
070605044321

Trademarks
Alltermsmentionedinthisbookthatareknowntobe
trademarksorservicemarkshavebeenappropriately
capitalized.Pearsoncannotattesttotheaccuracyofthis
information.Useofaterminthisbookshouldnotberegarded
asaffectingthevalidityofanytrademarkorservicemark.

WarningandDisclaimer

Everyefforthasbeenmadetomakethisbookascompleteand
asaccurateaspossible,butnowarrantyorfitnessisimplied.
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anypersonorentitywithrespecttoanylossordamagesarising
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Anyerrataforthisbookarepublishedat
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Consultingservices:www.mysql.com/consulting


AbouttheAuthors
PaulDuBoisisamemberoftheMySQLdocumentationteam,
adatabaseadministrator,andaleaderintheOpenSourceand
MySQLcommunities.Hecontributedtotheonline
documentationforMySQLandistheauthorofMySQL
Developer'sLibrary,MySQLandPerlfortheWeb(NewRiders
Publishing),andMySQLCookbook,Usingcshandtcsh,and
SoftwarePortabilitywithimake(O'ReillyandAssociates).
StefanHinzisamemberoftheMySQLdocumentationteam,a
MySQLtrainerandconsultant,andtheGermantranslatorofthe
MySQLReferenceManual.HeisalsothetranslatorofPaul's
MySQLCookbook(O'ReillyandAssociates)andtranslatorand
authorofMySQL-relatedGermanbooks.Stefanpassedthe
MySQLCertificationexambeforehejoinedMySQLAB.
CarstenPedersenistheMySQLABCertificationManager,and
hasledthedevelopmentoftheMySQLCertificationProgram.
HehastaughtseveralMySQLcoursesinanumberofcountries.
BeforejoiningMySQLAB,headministeredMySQLdatabasesin
severalproductionsystemsandmaintainedaverypopular
"MySQLFAQandTools"Internetsite.


Acknowledgments
WewouldliketothankallofourcolleaguesatMySQLwhohave

helpedbuildthecertificationprogramoverthepast18months,
andwithoutwhomthisbookwouldn'thavecomeintoexistence.
AspecialthankyoutoKajArnö,whowasthepersonto
conceiveandinitiatetheMySQLCertificationprogram.


References
TheMySQLReferenceManualistheprimarysourceof
informationonMySQL.Itisavailableonlineinseveralformats
andlanguagesfromtheMySQLABWebsite
(Itisalsoavailableasaprinted
boundvolumefromMySQLPressinEnglishandfromMITPin
German.
TheportalssectionattheMySQLABWebsiteprovides
descriptionsofanumberofMySQL-relatedbooks.Thesemight
behelpfulinsupplementingthematerialintheMySQL
ReferenceManual,andmanyofthemalsodealwithspecific
topicsnotextensivelycoveredbythemanual,suchasWebsite
development,e-commerce,andapplicationprogrammingusing
theCclientlibraryorotherAPIs.


WeWanttoHearfromYou!
Asthereaderofthisbook,youareourmostimportantcritic
andcommentator.Wevalueyouropinionandwanttoknow
whatwe'redoingright,whatwecoulddobetter,whatareas
you'dliketoseeuspublishin,andanyotherwordsofwisdom
you'rewillingtopassourway.
Youcanemailorwritemedirectlytoletmeknowwhatyoudid
ordidn'tlikeaboutthisbookaswellaswhatwecandotomake

ourbooksstronger.
PleasenotethatIcannothelpyouwithtechnicalproblems
relatedtothetopicofthisbook,andthatduetothehigh
volumeofmailIreceive,Imightnotbeabletoreplytoevery
message.
Whenyouwrite,pleasebesuretoincludethisbook'stitleand
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andeditorswhoworkedonthebook.

Email:



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Introduction
Foreword
AboutThisBook
ConventionsUsedinThisBook
OtherRelatedDocuments
AbouttheExams
InterpretingDESCRIBEOutput
SampleTables
Summary


Foreword
AlthoughtheMySQL™RelationalDatabaseManagement
System(RDBMS)hasexistedformanyyears,it'sonlywithin
thelasttwoyearsthatMySQLhasgainedofficialrecognitionin
manyenterprisesettings.Thegrowthhasbeentremendousin
justafewyears,thenumberofMySQLinstallationsworldwide
hasrisenfromafewhundredthousandtoanestimatedfour
millioninearly2003.
ThegrowthofMySQLintheenterprise,pairedwithdownturnin
theeconomyattheturnofthecentury,hascreatedanew
phenomenon:Therearemorecompaniesthaneverlooking
specificallyforpeoplewithMySQLskills.Atthesametime,
manypeoplewithMySQLknowledgeareoutlookingforajob
aftertheburstofthedot-combubble,whichmeansthat
companiesinterestedinhiringcanpickandchooseatwill.
MySQLAB,thecompanybehindtheMySQLRDBMS(yes,even
thoughtheMySQLRDBMSisanopensourceproduct,there'sa
thrivingcompanybehindit)developedtheMySQLCertification
Programtohelpcompaniesidentifyindividualswiththeskillset

theyneedandexpectfromtheiremployees.Thecertification
programalsohelpsindividualsbysettingthemapartfrom
hobbyists,increasingtheirprospectsforfindingchallengingnew
tasks.
MySQLABcurrentlyofferscertificationattwolevels:
TheCoreCertificationtestsbasicMySQLknowledgeand
usage,knowledgethat'ssufficienttomaintainabasic
MySQLinstallationandtocreateapplicationprogramsthat
useMySQLasabackenddatabase.
TheProfessionalCertificationgoesintomoredetail


regardingsuchtopicsaslargetablemaintenance,storage
engines,andoptimizations.
Thisbookmeetsthedemandthatwascreatedbythe
introductionoftheMySQLCertificationProgram.Howdoyou
preparefortheexams?Readingthisstudyguideisthebestway
toenhanceyourchancesofpassingthedemandingMySQLCore
andProfessionalexams.
Althoughthetopicscoveredbyeachexam(aslistedinthe
"MySQLCertificationCandidateGuide")mightseembasic,the
examsaren'teasy,andtheyrequireacombinationofstudyand
practicalexperience.Thisbookwillhelpyouunderstandmany
ofthesetopicsin-depth.Combinedwithreal-worldexperience,
thiswillhelpyoupasstheexams.
Anothermeansofgainingskillsandknowledgetobothhelpyou
passtheexamsandbesuccessfulinthefieldofMySQL
administrationandusageistoattendoneormoreofthe
coursesprovidedbyMySQLAB.
MoreinformationontheMySQLtrainingandcertification

programsmaybefoundontheMySQLABWebsite(see
).
IwouldliketothankPaulDuBois,StefanHinz,andCarsten
Pedersenforbringingthisbookintoexistence.Thankyouto
TrudyPelzer,whoreviewedandeditedallexercisesaswellas
largepartsofthetext.Alsothankyoutothefollowingpeople,
eachofwhomhasreviewedandgivenextensivecommentson
thetext:ThomasBassel,JeremyCole,BobDonahue,Jason
Frisvold,PeterGulutzan,MikeHillyer,ArjenLentz,MaxMether,
HeikkiTuuri,NilsValentin,andPeterZaitsev.
Iamhappythebookisnowout.MySQLABnowhasan
excellentanswertothemostfrequentquestionwegetabout
certification,namely,"HowdoIbestprepareforit?"


Goodluckonyourexam!
KajArnö,MySQLAB,VicePresident,ProfessionalServices


AboutThisBook
ThisisastudyguidefortheMySQLCoreandProfessional
Certificationexams.Itcontainsboththe"CoreStudyGuide"
andthe"ProfessionalStudyGuide."Itshouldbeseenasa
primerfortheexams,butnotasareplacementfortheMySQL
ReferenceManual.Thisguideisnotmeantasanexhaustive
expositionofeverythingthereistoknowaboutMySQL.
Instead,itfocusesspecificallyontopicsthatappearonthe
examsandinMySQLtrainingclasses.Aspartofyour
preparationforanexam,youshouldofcoursemakesurethat
you'rethoroughlyfamiliarwiththeMySQLReferenceManual.In

addition,the"ProfessionalStudyGuide"assumesthatyou're
familiarwitheverythinginthe"CoreStudyGuide."
Youmightfindthatthewordingofatopiccoveredinthisguide
correspondsexactlytothewordingofaquestiononanexam.
However,thatistheexception,sorotememorizationofthe
materialinthisguidewillnotbeeffective.You'llneedto
understandtheprinciplesdiscussedhereinsothatyoucan
applythemtotheexamquestions.Ifyoufindthematerial
difficult,youmightwanttoconsiderthetrainingclassesoffered
byMySQLAB.Theseclassesarepresentedinaformatthat
facilitatesunderstandingbyallowingyoutointeractwiththe
instructor.
SomefeaturesinMySQLareversionspecific.Thecurrentexam
andthisbookcoverMySQL4,andyoushouldconsidera
featureavailableifit'savailableasofMySQL4.Forexample,
UNIONstatementswereimplementedforMySQL4.Forpurposes
oftheexam,youshouldconsiderUNIONatopicuponwhichyou
mightbetested.Morespecifically,youshouldexpecttobe
testedonagivenfeatureshortlyafteritappearsinagamma
versionofaMySQLrelease.Inpractice,however,thefeatures
testedinexamsarelikelytolagamonthortwobehindthe
releasedateofsuchagammaversion.


BecausethestudyguideistargetedtoMySQL4,itdoesn't
normallypointoutwhenfeaturesareunavailableinearlier
versions.Thisdiffersfromwhatyoumightbeusedtointhe
MySQLReferenceManual.Forexample,theInnoDBstorage
enginerequiresexplicitconfigurationinMySQL3.23,butnotin
MySQL4.TheMySQLReferenceManualpointsoutthat

difference.Incontrast,thisstudyguidesimplyindicatesthat
InnoDBusesdefaultconfigurationvaluesifyoudonotprovide
themexplicitlybecausethatisalwaystrueinMySQL4.
Thisintroductionprovidessomegeneralhintsonwhattoexpect
fromtheexam,whattodoinordertotaketheexam,what
happensonthedayoftheexam,andwhathappensonceyou
havepassedtheexam.
Theremainderofthisstudyguidecoverseachsectionofthe
exams,asdefinedinthe"MySQLCertificationCandidate
Guide."Theappendixesincludethe"CandidateGuide"itselfand
a"QuickReference."
Eachchapterendswithanumberofsampleexercises.It's
essentialthatyouworkthroughtheexercisestotestyour
knowledge.Doingsowillprepareyoutotaketheexamfar
betterthanjustreadingthetext.Anotherreasontoreadthe
exercisesisthatoccasionallytheyaugmentatopicwithmore
detailthanisgiveninthebodyofthechapter.
Notethattheexercisesarenotalwaysinthesameformatas
theexamquestions.Theexamquestionsareinaformatthatis
suitedfortestingyourknowledge.Theexercisesaredesigned
tohelpyougetabetterunderstandingofthecontentsofthis
book,andtohelpyouprovetoyourselfthatyoureallygrasp
thetopicscovered.


ConventionsUsedinThisBook
Thissectionexplainstheconventionsusedinthisstudyguide.
Textinthisstyleisusedforprogramandshellscript
names,SQLkeywords,andcommandoutput.
Textinthisstylerepresentsinputthatyouwouldtype

whileenteringacommandorstatement.
Textinthisstylerepresentsvariableinputforwhichyou're
expectedtoenteravalueofyourownchoosing.Some
examplesshowcommandsorstatementsthataren'tmeantto
beenteredexactlyasshown.Thus,inanexamplesuchasthe
following,youwouldsubstitutethenameofsomeparticular
tablefortable_name:

SELECT*FROMtable_name;

Insyntaxdescriptions,squarebracketsindicateoptional
information.Forexample,thefollowingsyntaxfortheSHOW
TABLESstatementindicatesthatyoucaninvokethestatement
withorwithoutaFROMclausethatspecifiesadatabasename:


SHOWTABLES[FROMdb_name]

Inmostcases,SQLstatementsareshownwithatrailing
semicoloncharacter(;).Thesemicolonindicateswherethe
statementendsandisusefulparticularlyinreadingmultiplestatementexamples.However,thesemicolonisnotpartofthe
statementitself.
Ifastatementisshowntogetherwiththeoutputthatit
produces,it'sshownprecededbyamysql>prompt.Anexample
showninthismannerismeanttoillustratetheoutputyou
wouldseewereyoutoissuethestatementusingthemysql
clientprogram.Forexample,asectionthatdiscussestheuseof
theVERSION()functionmightcontainanexamplelikethis:

mysql>SELECTVERSION();

+------------------+
|VERSION()|
+------------------+