OReilly learning SQL on SQL server 2005 apr 2006 ISBN 0596102151

LearningSQLonSQLServer2005
BySikhaSahaBagui,RichardWalshEarp
...............................................
Publisher:O'Reilly
PubDate:April2006
PrintISBN-10:0-596-10215-1
PrintISBN-13:978-0-59-610215-9
Pages:342

TableofContents|Index

Anyonewhointeractswithtoday'smoderndatabasesneedstoknowSQL(Structured
QueryLanguage),thestandardlanguageforgenerating,manipulating,andretrieving
databaseinformation.Inrecentyears,thedramaticriseinthepopularityofrelational
databasesandmulti-userdatabaseshasfueledahealthydemandforapplication
developersandotherswhocanwriteSQLcodeefficientlyandcorrectly.

Ifyou'renewtodatabases,orneedaSQLrefresher,LearningSQLonSQLServer2005is
anidealstep-by-stepintroductiontothisdatabasequerytool,witheverythingyouneed
forprogrammingSQLusingMicrosoft'sSQLServer2005-oneofthemostpowerfuland
populardatabaseenginesusedtoday.Plentyofbooksexplaindatabasetheory.Thisguide
letsyouapplythetheoryasyoulearnSQL.Youdon'tneedpriordatabaseknowledge,or
evenpriorcomputerknowledge.

Basedonapopularuniversity-levelcoursedesignedbyauthorsSikhaSahaBaguiand
RichardWalshEarp,LearningSQLonSQLServer2005startswithverysimpleSQL
concepts,andslowlybuildsintomorecomplexquerydevelopment.Everytopic,concept,
andideacomeswithexamplesofcodeandoutput,alongwithexercisestohelpyougain
proficiencyinSQLandSQLServer2005.Withthisbook,you'lllearn:
BeginningSQLcommands,suchashowandwheretotypeanSQLquery,andhowto
create,populate,alteranddeletetables

HowtocustomizeSQLServer2005'ssettingsandaboutSQLServer2005'sfunctions
Aboutjoins,acommondatabasemechanismforcombiningtables
Querydevelopment,theuseofviewsandotherderivedstructures,andsimpleset
operations


Subqueries,aggregatefunctionsandcorrelatedsubqueries,aswellasindexesand
constraintsthatcanbeaddedtotablesinSQLServer2005

Whetheryou'reanundergraduatecomputerscienceorMISstudent,aself-learnerwhohas
accesstothenewMicrosoftdatabase,orworkforyourcompany'sITdepartment,Learning
SQLonSQLServer2005willgetyouuptospeedonSQLinnotime.


LearningSQLonSQLServer2005
BySikhaSahaBagui,RichardWalshEarp
...............................................
Publisher:O'Reilly
PubDate:April2006
PrintISBN-10:0-596-10215-1
PrintISBN-13:978-0-59-610215-9
Pages:342

TableofContents|Index

LearningSQLonSQLServer2005
Dedication
Preface
WhyThisBook?
SQLandSQLServer
AudienceandCoverage
AFewNotesAboutSQLServer2005Installation
ConventionsUsedinThisBook
UsingCodeExamples
HowtoContactUs
Acknowledgments
Chapter1.StartingMicrosoftSQLServer2005
Section1.1.StartingMicrosoftSQLServer2005andSQLServer2005's
ManagementStudio
Section1.2.CreatingaDatabaseinMicrosoftSQLServer2005
Section1.3.TheQueryEditor
Section1.4.CreatingTablesUsingtheLoadScript
Section1.5.ViewingTableDefinitions
Section1.6.ModifyingTableDefinitions
Section1.7.ViewingTableData
Section1.8.DeletingaTable

Section1.9.DeletingaDatabase
Section1.10.EnteringaSQLQueryorStatement
Section1.11.ParsingaQuery

Section1.12.ExecutingaQuery
Section1.13.SavingaQuery
Section1.14.DisplayingtheResults
Section1.15.StoppingExecutionofaLongQuery
Section1.16.PrintingtheQueryandResults
Section1.17.CustomizingSQLServer2005
Section1.18.Summary
Section1.19.ReviewQuestions

Section1.20.Exercises
Chapter2.BeginningSQLCommandsinSQLServer
Section2.1.DisplayingDatawiththeSELECTStatement
Section2.2.DisplayingorSELECTingRowsorTuplesfromaTable
Section2.3.TheCOUNTFunction
Section2.4.TheROWCOUNTFunction
Section2.5.UsingAliases
Section2.6.Synonyms
Section2.7.AddingCommentstoSQLStatements
Section2.8.SomeConventionsforWritingSQLStatements
Section2.9.AFewNotesAboutSQLServer2005Syntax
Section2.10.Summary
Section2.11.ReviewQuestions
Section2.12.Exercises
Chapter3.Creating,Populating,Altering,andDeletingTables
Section3.1.DataTypesinSQLServer2005
Section3.2.CreatingaTable
Section3.3.InsertingValuesintoaTable
Section3.4.TheUPDATECommand
Section3.5.TheALTERTABLECommand
Section3.6.TheDELETECommand
Section3.7.DeletingaTable
Section3.8.Summary
Section3.9.ReviewQuestions
Section3.10.Exercises
Section3.11.References
Chapter4.Joins
Section4.1.TheJOIN
Section4.2.TheCartesianProduct
Section4.3.Equi-JoinsandNon-Equi-Joins

Section4.4.SelfJoins

Section4.5.UsingORDERBYwithaJoin
Section4.6.JoiningMoreThanTwoTables
Section4.7.TheOUTERJOIN
Section4.8.Summary
Section4.9.ReviewQuestions
Section4.10.Exercises
Chapter5.Functions
Section5.1.AggregateFunctions
Section5.2.Row-LevelFunctions
Section5.3.OtherFunctions
Section5.4.StringFunctions
Section5.5.CONVERSIONFunctions
Section5.6.DATEFunctions

Section5.7.Summary
Section5.8.ReviewQuestions
Section5.9.Exercises
Chapter6.QueryDevelopmentandDerivedStructures
Section6.1.QueryDevelopment
Section6.2.ParenthesesinSQLExpressions
Section6.3.DerivedStructures
Section6.4.QueryDevelopmentwithDerivedStructures
Section6.5.Summary
Section6.6.ReviewQuestions
Section6.7.Exercises
Chapter7.SetOperations
Section7.1.IntroducingSetOperations
Section7.2.TheUNIONOperation
Section7.3.TheUNIONALLOperation
Section7.4.HandlingUNIONandUNIONALLSituationswithanUnequal
NumberofColumns
Section7.5.TheINandNOT..INPredicates
Section7.6.TheDifferenceOperation
Section7.7.TheUnionandtheJoin
Section7.8.AUNIONUsedtoImplementaFullOuterJoin
Section7.9.Summary
Section7.10.ReviewQuestions
Section7.11.Exercises
Section7.12.OptionalExercise
Chapter8.JoinsVersusSubqueries

Section8.1.SubquerywithanINPredicate
Section8.2.TheSubqueryasaJoin
Section8.3.WhentheJoinCannotBeTurnedintoaSubquery
Section8.4.MoreExamplesInvolvingJoinsandIN
Section8.5.UsingSubquerieswithOperators
Section8.6.Summary
Section8.7.ReviewQuestions
Section8.8.Exercises
Chapter9.AggregationandGROUPBY
Section9.1.ASELECTinModifiedBNF
Section9.2.TheGROUPBYClause
Section9.3.TheHAVINGClause
Section9.4.GROUPBYandHAVING:AggregatesofAggregates
Section9.5.AuditinginSubqueries
Section9.6.NullsRevisited
Section9.7.Summary
Section9.8.ReviewQuestions
Section9.9.Exercises
Chapter10.CorrelatedSubqueries
Section10.1.NoncorrelatedSubqueries
Section10.2.CorrelatedSubqueries

Section10.3.ExistenceQueriesandCorrelation
Section10.4.SQLUniversalandExistentialQualifiers
Section10.5.Summary
Section10.6.ReviewQuestions
Section10.7.Exercises
Chapter11.IndexesandConstraintsonTables
Section11.1.The"Simple"CREATETABLE
Section11.2.Indexes
Section11.3.Constraints
Section11.4.Summary
Section11.5.ReviewQuestions
Section11.6.Exercises
AppendixA.TheStudentDatabaseandOtherTablesUsedinThisBook
SectionA.1.
AppendixB.ScriptUsedtoCreatetheStudent_courseDatabase
GlossaryofTerms
ImportantCommandsandFunctions
AbouttheAuthor




Colophon



Index


LearningSQLonSQLServer2005

LearningSQLonSQLServer2005
bySikhaSahaBaguiandRichardWalshEarp
Copyright©2006O'ReillyMedia,Inc.Allrightsreserved.
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.
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theinformationcontainedherein.
ISBN:0-596-10215-1
[M]




Dedication
Dedicatedtomyfather,SantoshSaha,andmother,

RanuSaha
and
myhusband,SubhashBagui
and
mysons,SumonandSudip
and
Pradeep,Priyashi,andPiyaliSaha
S.B.

Tomywife,Brenda,
and
mychildren:Beryl,Rich,Gen,andMaryJo
R.E.




Preface
SQLServerisoneofthemostpowerfuldatabaseenginesused
today.Microsoft'slatestreleaseofSQLServer,SQLServer
2005,isacomprehensivedatabaseplatformthatprovides
secureandreliablestorageforbothrelationalandstructured
data,enablingonetobuildandmanagehigh-performancedata
applications.SQLServer2005'scloseintegrationwithMicrosoft
VisualStudio,theMicrosoftOfficeSystem,andasuiteofnew
developmenttoolssetSQLServer2005apartfromprevious
versionsandfromotherdatabaseengines.Thissystemallows
developerstobuild,debug,andoperateapplicationsfasterthen
everbefore.
SQLServer2005canbeinstalledonsmallmachinesusing

MicrosoftWindowsaswellasonlargeservers.Inrecentyears,
thecomputerindustryhasseenadramaticincreaseinthe
popularityofrelationaldatabasesandmultiuserdatabases,and
thecomputerindustryneedsapplicationdevelopersandpeople
whocanwriteSQLcodeefficientlyandcorrectlyforrelational
andmultiuserdatabases.




WhyThisBook?
Thisbookismainlyintendedtobeasystematicguideto
learningSQLusingSQLServer2005--arelationalandmultiuser
database.ThebookisaimedatstudentswhowishtolearnSQL
usingMicrosoft'sSQLServer2005.Thebookisexpectedtobe
usedbyschoolsandSQLtrainingorganizationsaswellasby
databaseandITprofessionalswhoareactivelyworkingwith
SQLServer2005.
ThebookstartswithverysimpleSQLconcepts,andslowly
buildsintomorecomplexquerydevelopment.Thepurposeof
thisbookistopresenteverytopic,concept,andideawith
examplesofcodeandoutput.Exerciseshavealsobeenincluded
togainSQLproficiencyusingSQLServer.Thebestapproachto
usingthisbookefficientlyistoreadthroughthebookwithSQL
Serveropenandactive.Asthebookisread,itwillbe
advantageousforyoutoworkwithandunderstandthe
examples.
Ifthebookisusedforabeginningdatabasecourse,the
exercisesarepresentedtobedonebythestudentsoverthe
courseofonesemesteratapaceofonechapterperweek.The

exercisesarefoundattheendofeachchapter.
Duetothedramaticincreaseinthepopularityofrelationaland
multiuserdatabases,manyschoolsandtrainingorganizations
areusingSQLServerintheirdatabasecoursestoteach
databaseprinciplesandconcepts.Thisdevelopmenthas
generatedaneedforaconcisebookonSQLServer
programming,tiedinwithdatabaseprinciplesand
conceptshencethisbook.




SQLandSQLServer
SQL(StructuredQueryLanguage)isastandardlanguageused
forquerying,updating,andmanagingrelationaldatabases,and
latelySQLhasbecomethedefactostandard"language"for
accessingrelationaldatabases.SQLisnotreallyasmuchofa
languageasitisadatabasequerytool.Inthisbook,we
concentrateonlearningSQLusingSQLServer2005.
SQLallowsustodefinearelationaldatabasecreateandmodify
tables(inthissense,SQLisadatadefinitionlanguage,orDDL).
SQLalsoallowsustotellSQLServerwhichinformationwe
wanttoselect(retrieve),insert,update,ordelete.Thatis,SQL
alsoallowsustoquerytherelationaldatabaseinamostflexible
way,aswellastochangethestoreddata(andinthissense,
SQLisadatamanipulationlanguage,orDML).
ThebookistargetedatSQLServerusersontheWindows
operatingsystem,butiseasilyadaptabletootherplatforms.

AudienceandCoverage
Abooklikethiscanbeusedinan"IntroductiontoDatabases"
courseoraseconddatabasecoursealongwithtextbookslike
FundamentalsofDatabaseSystems,4thEdition,Addison
Wesley,2003(ElmasriandNavathe),andDatabaseProcessing,
Fundamentals,Design&Implementation,9thEdition,Prentice
Hall,2003(DavidKroenke).Studentscouldlearnthedatabase
theoryfromthetexts,andapplythetheoryusingthisbook
(usingSQLServer)astheylearnSQL.
Thisbookcanalsobeusedasastandalonetextinacourseon
learningSQLusingSQLServer2005.Thisbookdoesnot
assumeanypriorcomputerknowledge.
Thisbookconsistsof11chapters.Chapter1introducesthe
usertoSQLServer2005.InChapter1,youwilllearnhowto
openSQLServer2005usingSQLServerManagementStudio,
loadthedatabase,andviewandperformsimpletable
manipulations.Chapter1alsointroducestheusertothequery
editor;showsyouhowtoview,save,andprintqueriesand
output;andhowtocustomizeSQLServer2005'ssettings.
Chapter2introducestheuser/learnertosomebasicSQL
commandsinSQLServer.Chapter3discussescreating,
populating,altering,anddeletingtables;anexamplerelational
databaseisbuiltontheideaoftabulardata.Chapter4
introducesandcoversdifferenttypesofjoinsacommon
databasemechanismforcombiningtables.Chapter5covers
SQLServer2005'sfunctions.Chapter6discussesquery
developmentaswellastheuseofviewsandotherderived
structures.Chapter7coverssimplesetoperations.Chapters8,
9,and10coversubqueries,aggregatefunctions,andcorrelated
subqueries;andChapter11presentsindexesandconstraints

thatcanbeaddedtotablesinSQLServer2005.
AppendixAdescribestheStudent_coursedatabaseandother


databasesthathavebeenusedthroughoutthebook.Appendix
BprovidestheactualscriptusedtocreatetheStudent_course
database.Glossariesdefiningtermsandimportantfunctionsare
provided,aswellasindexesoftermsandfunctionsinthebook.
ThebookissufficientforbeginningSQLuserstogetan
overviewofwhatSQLServerentailsandhowtouseSQL.Many
SQLprogrammershavebasedtheiremploymentonthis
material.ThebookgivesaverygoodfeelforwhatSQLis,and
howSQLisusedinSQLServer.




AFewNotesAboutSQLServer2005Installation
Forbestresults,oneshouldinstallSQLServer2005ona
computerthatdoesnothaveaprereleaseversionofSQLServer
2005,VisualStudio2005,orthe.NETFramework2.0installed
onit.Ifyourcomputerhasanyoftheprereleaseversionsonit,
theymustberemovedinthecorrectorderbeforeyoucan
successfullymanuallyinstalltheactualversionofSQLServer
2005software.Forthecorrectorderoftheserequired
uninstallationsbeforeyoucaninstallSQLServer2005,visit:

/>Westronglyrecommendthatyouinsteadruntheautoinstall
tool(foundatthesamesite),ratherthanattemptingamanual
install.

Oncetheuninstallhasbeencorrectlydone,youmay
successfullyloadSQLServer2005andbeginlearningSQL.


ConventionsUsedinThisBook
Thefollowingconventionsareusedinthisbook:

Italic
UsedforURLsandforemphasiswhenintroducinganew
term.

Constantwidth
UsedforMySQLandSQLkeywordsandforcodeexamples.

Constantwidthbold
Insomecodeexamples,highlightsthestatementsbeing
discussed.

Constantwidthitalic

Insomecodeexamples,indicatesanelement(e.g.,a
filename)thatyousupply.

UPPERCASE
Incodeexamples,generallyindicatesMySQLkeywords.


lowercase
Incodeexamples,generallyindicatesuser-defineditems
suchasvariables,parameters,etc.

punctuation
Incodeexamples,enterexactlyasshown.

indentation
Incodeexamples,helpstoshowstructurebutisnot
required.

-Incodeexamples,beginsasingle-linecommentthat
extendstotheendofaline.

/*and*/
Incodeexamples,delimitamultilinecommentthatcan
extendfromonelinetoanother.

.
Incodeexamplesandrelateddiscussions,qualifiesa
referencebyseparatinganobjectnamefromacomponent
name.


[]
Insyntaxdescriptions,encloseoptionalitems.

{}
Insyntaxdescriptions,encloseasetofitemsfromwhich
youmustchooseonlyone.

|
Insyntaxdescriptions,separatestheitemsenclosedin

curlybrackets,asin{TRUE|FALSE}.

...
Insyntaxdescriptions,indicatesrepeatingelements.An
ellipsisalsoshowsthatstatementsorclausesirrelevantto
thediscussionwereleftout.

Indicatesatip,suggestion,orgeneralnote.Forexample,we'lltellyou
ifacertainsettingisversion-specific.

Indicatesawarningorcaution.Forexample,we'lltellyouifacertain
settinghassomekindofnegativeimpactonthesystem.





UsingCodeExamples
Thisbookisheretohelpyougetyourjobdone.Ingeneral,you
mayusethecodeinthisbookinyourprogramsand
documentation.Youdonotneedtocontactusforpermission
unlessyou'rereproducingasignificantportionofthecode.For
example,writingaprogramthatusesseveralchunksofcode
fromthisbookdoesnotrequirepermission.Sellingor
distributingaCD-ROMofexamplesfromO'Reillybooksdoes
requirepermission.Answeringaquestionbycitingthisbook
andquotingexamplecodedoesnotrequirepermission.
Incorporatingasignificantamountofexamplecodefromthis
bookintoyourproduct'sdocumentationdoesrequire
permission.

Weappreciate,butdonotrequire,attribution.Anattribution
usuallyincludesthetitle,author,publisher,andISBN.For
example:"LearningSQLonSQLServer2005bySikhaSaha
BaguiandRichardWalshEarp.Copyright2006O'ReillyMedia,
Inc.,0-596-10215-1."
Ifyoufeelthatyouruseofcodeexamplesfallsoutsidefairuse
orthepermissiongivenhere,feelfreetocontactusat



HowtoContactUs
Wehavetestedandverifiedtheinformationinthisbookandin
thesourcecodetothebestofourability,butgiventheamount
oftextandtherapidevolutionoftechnology,youmayfindthat
featureshavechangedorthatwehavemademistakes.Ifso,
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Acknowledgments
Ourspecialthanksareduetooureditor,JeffPepper,andthe
productioncrewatO'Reillyforputtingupwithallthechanges.
WewouldalsoliketothankPresidentJohnCavanaugh,Dean
JaneHalonen,andProvostSandraFlakeoftheUniversityof
WestFloridafortheirinspiration,encouragement,support,and
trueleadershipquality.Wewouldalsoliketoexpressour
gratitudetoDr.WesLittleonthesameendeavor.
OursincerethanksalsogotoDr.EdRodgersforhiscontinuing
supportandencouragementthroughoutpastyears.Wealso
appreciateDr.LeoTerhaar,chair,ComputerScience
Department,forhisadvice,guidance,andsupport,and
encouragingustocompletethisbook.Last,butnotleast,we
wouldliketothankourfellowfacultymembers,Dr.JimBezdek
andDr.NormanWildefortheircontinuoussupportand
encouragement.




Chapter1.StartingMicrosoftSQLServer
2005
ThischapterintroducesSQLServer2005andSQLServer

2005'sManagementStudioanditsbasicworkings.Youwill
learnhowtocreateadatabase,viewtheobjectsanddefault
tablesinadatabase,useaqueryeditor,activatethedatabase
indifferentways,andcreatetablesinthedatabaseusingaload
script.Theloadscriptisavailableat
Theloadscriptwillcreatethe
Student_coursedatabaseforyou.Thisdatabasewillbeused
throughouttherestofthebooktolearnSQL.Atthispoint,you
maywanttocopytheloadscript,SQLServer2005_load.sql,to
yourworkingdirectoryonyourcomputer,beforeyoustart
workingonthenextsection.Right-clickonthescriptonthe
website,selectSaveTargetAs,andsaveittoyourworking
directory.
Inthischapter,youwillalsolearnhowtoviewandmodifytable
definitions;deleteatableandadatabase;type,parse,execute
andsaveaquery;displaytheresultsindifferentforms;stop
executionofaquery;andprintthequeryandresults.Thefinal
sectionofthischapterdiscussescustomizingSQLServer2005's
settings.