Prentice hall oracle DBA automation quick reference apr 2004 ISBN 013140301x

•


TableofContents

Oracle®DBAAutomationQuick
Reference
ByCharlieRussel,RobertCordingley

Publisher :PrenticeHallPTR
PubDate :April23,2004
ISBN :0-13-140301-X
Pages :320


Thefast,practicalOracle9i/10gautomation
referenceforeveryDBA!
AutomateOracleandsaveyourtimeformore
importanttasks!ThisistheOracle
automationreferenceeveryworkingOracle
DBAneeds...concise,straightforward,and
incrediblyeasytouse.Discoverproven
solutionsforautomatinginstallation,
databasecreation,management,monitoring,
tuning,backup/recovery,andmore.Keepthis
bookbyyourdesk,nearyour


server...whereveryouneedfast,reliable
automationsolutionsrightnow!

MasterscriptingforbothOracle9iand
Oracle10g!
UseOracleUniversalInstallertocreate
responsefilesforautomatingany
installation
UseOracleNetworkConfiguration
Assistant(NetCA)toconfigurenetwork
componentsduringinstallation
UseOracleDatabaseConfiguration
Assistant(DBCA)tocreateandclone
databases,andtoreverseengineerthem
intotemplatesandscripts
Managefilesandtablespaces,tune
memory,performbackup/recovery,
scheduleautomatedadministrationtasks,
andmore
Extendandcustomizeanyscripttoyour
ownneeds
IncludesconcisereferencetoPerlDBIand


itsOracle-specificcomponentswithrealworldexamplesandsyntax



•


TableofContents

Oracle®DBAAutomationQuick
Reference
ByCharlieRussel,RobertCordingley

Publisher :PrenticeHallPTR
PubDate :April23,2004
ISBN :0-13-140301-X
Pages :320



Copyright

PrenticeHallOracleDBASQLQuickReferenceSeries

Introduction
WhyAutomate?

ImprovedProductivity



ImprovedQuality




UseWhat'sAlreadyThere

What'sInThisBook?



Acknowledgements

TestEverythingFirst
TalkToUs


ChapterOne.OracleUniversalInstaller
AutomatedInstallation

Reference



SampleFiles


ChapterTwo.NetworkConfiguration
AutomatedNetworkConfiguration

CommandLineParameters



Oracle'sSampleResponseFiles

ResponseFileSyntax
ExampleNetCAResponseFile


ChapterThree.DatabaseCreation
UsingtheDBCA

AutomatingDatabaseCreationwithouttheDBCA




AutomatingDatabaseDeletionwithouttheDBCA




SampleDBCAResponseFile




BasicInitialization(init.ora)Parameters

Reference

SampleDatabaseTemplate
oradimCommandLineParameters


ChapterFour.Day-to-DayAdministration
UseWhat'sAlreadyThere

TestEverythingFirst




FileandTablespaceManagement




Scheduling

AutomaticMemoryTuning
SchedulingReference


Copyright
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDatais
available.

Russel,Charlie.
OracleDBAautomationquickreference/CharlieRussel,RobertCordingle
p.cm.-(PrenticeHallOracleDBASQLquickreferenceseries)

Includesindex.
ISBN0-13-140301-X(pbk.)
1.Relationaldatabases.2.Oracle(Computerfile).I.Cordingley,Robert.
QA76.9.D3R8652004
005.75'6--dc222004043673
Editorial/ProductionSupervision:PattiGuerrieri
InteriorDesign:GailCocker-Bogusz
CoverDesignDirector:JerryVotta
CoverDesign:NinaScuderi
TechnicalReviewers:LorraineJuzwick,KevinOwens,
ThomasHatzigeorgiou,BertScalzo
AcquisitionsEditor:JeffreyPepper
EditorialAssistant:LindaRamagnano
ManufacturingManager:AlexisR.Heydt-Long
MarketingManager:DanDePasquale


©2004PearsonEducation,Inc.
PublishingasPrenticeHallProfessionalTechnicalReference
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PrenticeHallPTRoffersexcellentdiscountsonthisbookwhen
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Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproduced,in

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Dedication
CharliewouldliketodedicatethisbooktoRobert,Ross,Quin,
Prashant,Mahesh,Maggie,Opal,Donna,Jen,Luisa,andHarold.


PrenticeHall
OracleDBASQLQuickReferenceSeries
OracleDBASQLQuickReference
Russel•Cordingley
OracleDBABackupandRecoveryQuickReference
Russel•Cordingley
OracleDBAAutomationQuickReference
Russel•Cordingley


Introduction
TheOracledatabaseisacomplexandever-changingproduct

thathasgrownincreasinglycomplexandpowerfuloverthe
years.Inthebadolddays,theworkingOracledatabase
administrator(DBA)hadalimitedsetoftoolstoautomatethe
day-to-daytasksofmaintainingthehealthandintegrityof
Oracledatabases.Thankfully,thathaschangedovertime,and
nowwithOracle9i,andespeciallyOracle10g,nearlyeverything
associatedwiththedatabasecanbeautomated.Unfortunately,
Oraclehasprovidedlittledocumentationonexactlyhowbestto
accomplishthis.Wehopethisbookwillhelpyouonyourroad
todiscoveringthemanywaysthatOraclecanbeautomated.


WhyAutomate?
VeryfewDBAsareallowedtheluxuryofmanagingasingle
database,oreventwo,orthree.Inthesedaysofincreasing
workloads,manyofusaremanaging20,30,ormore
databases,andthey'refrequentlyscatteredallovertheworld.
Withthenumberofdatabasesinuseontherise,it'simportant
tostreamlineeverystepoftheprocessasmuchaspossible.
Automationimprovesyourproductivityintwoveryimportant
ways:Itreducesthetimeyouneedtospendwaitingforthe
databasetodosomething,anditimprovestheoverallquality
andrepeatabilityofwhatyoudo.


ImprovedProductivity
Thefirstadvantagetoautomationisimprovingtheoverall
productivityoftheOracleDBA.WhentheDBAperformsatask
manually,thereis,inevitably,asubstantialamountoftime
spentwaitingforthedatabasetodoitsthing.There'salsoa

gooddealoftimeusuallyspentbythedatabasewaitingonyou
totellitwhattodonext.Inbothcases,timeiswastedandthe
overallproductivityoftheDBAisseriouslyaffected.Besides,
let'sfaceit,thestuffyoucanautomateisusuallytheboring
stuffyoudon'treallywanttobedoinganyway!SoletOracledo
theworkforyou.


ImprovedQuality
Thehiddenbenefittoautomationisasignificantimprovement
inthequalityoftheDBA'swork.Anautomatedtaskisa
predictableandrepeatabletask.Whenyoudoataskmanually,
especiallyoneyoudorepeatedly,youwilleventuallymake
mistakes.Sometimesthey'resmallmistakes,sometimesbig
ones.Butifyouautomatethetask,itwillalwaysbeperformed
thesameway,timeaftertimeaftertime.


UseWhat'sAlreadyThere
Rightfromtheverybeginning,withtheinitialsoftware
installation,Oracleallowsyoutoreduceoreliminatetheneed
foraDBAtowatchandwait.OnceOraclehasbeeninstalled,
youcanconfigurethenetworkandcreateoneormore
databasesautomatically,withnohumanintervention.
Afterthesoftwareisinstalledandthedatabasecreated,the
DBAfinallyreachestherealmeatofthejob.Forthe
experiencedDBA,there'saveryrealtendencytokeepusingthe
toolsheorshehasalwaysused,evenifthetoolswere
originallycreatedforusewithOracle7.ThefledglingDBAcan
runintosimilarproblems,sinceit'sdifficulttodiscoverallthe

differentautomationopportunitiesincludedwithOraclewhile
simultaneouslydealingwithdemandsfromusers,developers,
andmanagement.
Inspiteofthesechallenges,orevenbecauseofthem,it's
vitallyimportanttoautomateasmuchasispossible.It's
equallyimportanttoavoidrecreatingacapabilitythat'salready
available.ThetwomostrecentversionsofOraclehaveadded
analmostunbelievablewealthofoptionsfortheoverworked
DBAtoautomatehisorherwaytoaquieterpager.


TestEverythingFirst
Withthemultitudeofnewcapabilitiesinrecentversions,there's
atemptationtoimplementeverythingthatthedocumentation
sayswillhelpimproveoperationsorperformance.Resistthe
temptationatleastlongenoughtoallowtimefortestingofeach
andeverynewfeaturepriortoimplementation.Someofthe
newfeatureswillhelpinallsituations,somewillhelpinallbut
afewsituations,andafewmightcreateproblemsincertain
circumstances.Testingpriortoimplementationisessential.


What'sInThisBook?
Chapter1willintroducetheOracleUniversalInstaller(OUI),
andexplaintheuseandcreationofresponsefiles,whichare
filesthatprovideyourresponsestotheinstaller.Responsefiles
allowahighlyautomatedinstallationsessiontoproceedwith
littleornouserintervention.Youcanevenusethesefilesas
templatesformanualinstalls,whenyouneedtodeviateslightly
fromtheresponsefile'sintendedcourse.

InChapter2,OracleNetworkConfigurationAssistant(NetCA)
willreceivesimilartreatment.Whilenotasautomation-friendly
astheOUI,NetCAdoeshaveareasonableamountofflexibility,
usingresponsefilessimilartothoseusedbyOUI.
Chapter3isallabouttheOracleDatabaseConfiguration
Assistant(DBCA).TheDBCAisoneofthemostversatileparts
ofaDBA'stoolkit,andextremelyeasytoautomate.Youcan
useDBCA-specificresponsefiles,buttherealstrengthofthe
toolliesinitsuniqueuseoftemplatefiles.TheDBCAcancreate
databases,clonethem,andeven"reverse-engineer"anexisting
databaseintoatemplate,orevenasetofscripts.
Finally,Chapter4canberegardedasa"surveycourse"of
Oraclefeaturesthatcanbeusedtoautomatesomeofthetasks
thatconsumeaDBA'stimedayinanddayout.


TalkToUs
Wehavemadeeveryattemptinthisshortvolumetoprovideas
completeareferenceaswecould,alwayswiththegoalof
keepingitbriefandeasytofindtheinformationyouneed.Our
goalwastogivetheworkingOracleDBAatooltomakehimor
hermoreproductive,andwesincerelyhopeyoufindituseful.
Everyefforthasbeenmadetobebothcompleteandaccurate.
Ifyoudofindanerrororomission,orhaveacommentonthe
book,weverymuchwanttohearfromyou.Pleasewriteusat:
Wedon'tpromisetoanswer
everyquestionorcomment,butwedoreadthemandvery
muchappreciatethem.

Acknowledgements
Thisbookisnottheworkofoneortwopeople,butanentire
team,manyofwhomweasauthorsnevergettomeetin
person,buttowhomweareindebted.First,we'dliketothank
ouragentforthisbook,NeilJ.Salkind,ofStudioB.It'sdueto
hispersistenceandadvocacythatthisbookcameabout.
FromPrenticeHall,atrulyexceptionalteamdidanamazingjob
onthisbook,goingwaybeyondthenorm.JeffreyPepperwas
hisever-persistentandpatientself.Jeff,wetoldyouwe'dmake
thedeadline!PattiGuerrieriwasoureditoragain,andwe
couldn'thavebeenhappier.LindaRamagnanoworkswithJeff
andkeepseverythinghappeningquietlybehindthescenes,
wherewebarelynotice.Andforthat,weareeternallygrateful!
ThereareothersatPrenticeHallwhosenameswe'llnever
know,andwe'resorryaboutthat.Theyarecriticaltothe
successofthisprojectandwearenolessindebtedtothemfor
notknowingthempersonally.You'reagreatteamandwereally
appreciateallyoudo.
Ourreviewers,BertScalzoandLorraineJuzwick,didan
excellentjob,makinggoodsuggestionsandgivingusgreater
confidenceasweworkedonbetasoftwaretomakesurewe
coveredallthenewfeaturesinOracle10g.Ifwemissed
anything,it'snottheirfault.SheilaCepero,ourOracle
PublishersProgrambetacontact,providedtimelyassistance
andaccessaswestruggledtomeetourdeadlines.Thankyou,
Sheila,ithasreallybeenapleasure.
Overtheyears,wehavebeenhonoredtoworkwithsometruly
outstandingOracleDBAs,especiallyQuinBligh,MaggieVerdier,
MaheshChengaReddy,PrashantDangash,andRossWoody.
Eachhadapositiveimpactonthisbookandbeyond.Wetruly

appreciatetheirprofessionalabilitiesandtheirfriendship.


Andfinally,Charlie'swife,SharonCrawford,whoprovided
support,assistance,advice,andmostimportantly,love,
throughoutthisbook.Withouther,itwouldnothavehappened.


ChapterOne.OracleUniversalInstaller
OneofthebeautiesoftheOracledatabaseisthatnearly
everythingassociatedwithitcanbeautomated.Oracle
installationisoneoftheeasiesttaskstohandlewithlittleorno
humanintervention.Sadly,OracleCorporationhashistorically
providedlittledocumentationonexactlyhowtoaccomplishthis.
ThischapterwilldiscussthemainstepsinautomatinganOracle
installation.Someplatformsmayrequirespecificpreparation
beforetheinstallercanrun.Thispreparationisusually
straightforwardandsimple,butconsulttheinstallationguidefor
yourspecificplatformbeforeproceeding.


AutomatedInstallation
Whenperforminganautomatedinstall,youmustprovidethe
installerwithatextfilecontainingallthenecessaryinstructions.
OraclecallstheseOracleUniversalInstaller(OUI)response
files.Aresponsefileisaplaintextfile,whichmustfollow
Oracle'ssyntaxexactly.
TousearesponsefileduringaninstallationonWindowsor
UNIX,usethefollowingcommands(where"custom.rsp"isthe
nameyou'vegivenyourresponsefile):

Windows setup.exe[-silent]-responseFileC:\OraInst\custom.rsp
UNIX

./runInstaller[-silent]-responseFile/u01/OraInst/custom.rsp

The-silentqualifierisoptional.Whenasilentinstallis
indicated,theinstallerwillnotopenanygraphicaluserinterface
(GUI)windowsunderanycircumstances.Allneededinformation
mustbeprovidedintheresponsefileforasilentinstall.Ifany
informationismissing,theinstallerwillexit,returninganerror
andthenameofthelogfiletoexaminefordetails.
Ifthe-silentqualifierisomitted,theinstallerwillopen
normallyandwaitfortheusertomovethroughtheinstallsteps
manually.Eachpagewillbefilledinwithanswersfromthe
responsefile,buttheinstallationwillnotproceedautomatically.
Thisisveryusefulifyouwantaninstallation"template"rather
thanafullyautomatedinstall.
InadditiontotheOracle-providedsampleresponsefiles,the
installercanrecordasessiontocreatearesponsefileforusein


laterinstallations.Torecordasession,usethe-recordanddestinationFilequalifiers.ForWindowsandUNIX,for
example:
Windows setup.exe-record-destinationFileC:\OraInst\rec.rsp
UNIX

./runInstaller-record-destinationFile/u01/OraInst/rec.rsp

Theinstallerwillstartandrunnormally.Choicesmadeduring
theinstallationsessionwillberecordedtothedesignated

responsefile.Afterallselectionshavebeenmade,asummary
pagewillbepresented.Atthispoint,youcancontinuewiththe
installorclicktheCancelbuttontoendit.Evenifthe
installationiscancelled,therecordedresponsefileiscreated.


Reference
CommandLineParameters
TheOUIsupportsthecommandlineparametersdescribedin
Table1-1:
Table1-1.InstallationCommandLineParameters
Additional
Comments

Parameter

Purpose

-silent

Instructs
Whenthis
theinstaller parameteris
toruna
specified,thesilent
responseFile
install.
parametermust
alsobeprovided.

-reponseFile<filename>

Tellsthe
Theresponse
installer
filenameshould
which
befullyqualified.
response
filetouse.

-nowelcome

Disables
the
installer's
opening
splash
screen.

-record

Tellsthe
Whenthis
installerto parameteris
recorda
specified,you
new
mustalsousethe
response

fileduring destinationFile
thesession. parameter.

-destinationFile

Tellsthe
installer

Redundantwhen
usedwiththesilentqualifier.

Usefulonlywith
the-record


session_variable_name=<value>

whereto
writea
recorded
install
session.

parameter.

Setsa
session
variable.

Overridesthe

valuesetinthe
responsefile,if
any.

<component_name>_<component_version>_<variable_name>= Setsa
Overridesthe
<value>
component- valuesetinthe
specific
responsefile,if
variable.
any.

ResponseFiles
Oracleshipswithsampleresponsefiles.Theseresponsefiles
aredifferentforOracle9iandOracle10g.Table1-2liststhe
sampleresponsefilesforOracle10g,andTable1-3liststhe
sampleresponsefilesforOracle9i:
Table1-2.Oracle10gSampleResponseFiles
Oracle10gResponseFile

Purpose

oracle.client.Administrator.rsp Installsclient-onlyversionofOracle,includingall
clientadmin.rsp
administrativetools.
oracle.client.Custom.rsp
clientcustom.rsp

Customfileforclient-onlyinstalls.Mustbeeditedextensively

beforeuse.

oracle.client.Runtime.rsp
runtime.rsp

Runtime-onlyinstallationofOracleclient.Generallyused
onlyfor"embedded"installations.

oracle.server.Custom.rsp

Customfileforserverinstalls.Mustbeeditedextensively


custom.rsp

beforeuse.

oracle.server.EE.rsp
enterprise.rsp

FullEnterpriseEdition(EE)installation.Needsminoredits
beforeuse.

oracle.server.PE.rsp

FullPersonalEdition(PE)installation.Needsminoredits
beforeuse.

oracle.server.SE.rsp

FullStandardEdition(SE)installation.Needsminoredits
beforeuse.

dbca.rsp

RunstheDatabaseCreationAssistant(DBCA)tocreatea
databasenon-interactively.Requiresanassociateddatabase
template,andneedsextensiveeditingbeforeuse.

netca.rsp

RunstheNetworkConfigurationAssistantnon-interactively.
Needsminoreditsbeforeuse.

Table1-3.Oracle9iSampleResponseFiles
Oracle9i
Purpose
ResponseFile
clientadmin.rsp Installsclient-onlyversionofOracle,includingalladministrativetools.
clientcustom.rsp Customfileforclient-onlyinstalls.Mustbeeditedextensivelybeforeuse.
clientruntime.rsp Runtime-onlyinstallationofOracleclient.Generallyusedonlyfor
"embedded"installations.
custom.rsp

Customfileforserverinstalls.Mustbeeditedextensivelybeforeuse.

enterprise.rsp

Fullenterpriseeditioninstallation.Needsminoreditsbeforeuse.

standard.rsp

Fullstandardeditioninstallation.Needsminoreditsbeforeuse.

dbca.rsp

RunstheDatabaseCreationAssistanttocreateadatabasenoninteractively.Requiresanassociateddatabasetemplate,andneeds
extensiveeditingbeforeuse.


netca.rsp

RunstheNetworkConfigurationAssistant(NetCA)non-interactively.
Needsminoreditsbeforeuse.

emca.rsp

RunstheEnterpriseManagerConfigurationAssistantnon-interactively.
Needsminoreditsbeforeuse.

omicustom.rsp

RunstheOracleManagementandIntegrationConfigurationAssistant
non-interactively.Needsminoreditsbeforeuse.

oid.rsp

RunstheOracleInternetDirectoryConfigurationAssistantnoninteractively.Needsminoreditsbeforeuse.

Syntax

OUIresponsefilesareplaintextfiles.Installersettingsare
specifiedasname/valuepairs,inthefollowingform:
<name>=[<recommended>:]<value>

<name>isalwaysasinglestring,withnospaces,andiscaseinsensitive.
The<recommended>portionisaliteral,whichifpresent,must
beeitherDEFAULTorFORCEDfollowedbyacolon.IfDEFAULTis
specified,thevaluewillbepresentedasachangeabledefault
duringanon-silentinstallation.AFORCEDvaluemaynotbe
changedbytheuser.Ifunspecified,theDEFAULTsettingis
assumed.