SMART BIO AQUA MONITORING SYSTEM (SBAMS)

SMART BIO AQUA
MONITORING SYSTEM (SBAMS)
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1.

REALITY OF GROWING SHRIMP IN VIET NAM

Viet Nam is a country with 3260 Km of beach. Especially, in south of Viet
Nam has a high density of river web and the warm climate suitable for growing of
shrimps during all seasons of year. Shrimp farming has a big advantage for
exporting and bring good benefits for country.
Shrimp farming has achieved significant steps for developing both quantity
and quality in recent years and contributed huge benefits in making jobs and
increasing income for farmers and developing vietnamese economy.
In recent years, with unpredictable increasing mumber of disasters since
climate change like salinity intrusion and long time of drought have affected
seriously to MeKong delta . Coming with old technology and technical farming
make lots of dificulties for aquaculture and also shrimp farming.

1.2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE WHOLE SYSTEM

1.2.1. Purpose
With solution in need, we developed a system include IoT solution for
feeding, monitoring and fixing environment for aqua-farm. A system can operate
automatically with green energy from solar system. By using internet, farmers can
control the system to feed the shrimps and monitor their farm distantly. Since that
farmer could low down costs for growing shrimp, risk from desasters and increase
quality of product.
System is a floating boat include monitoring system, feeding system,

dynamic system and power system.


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It takes responsible for feeding and taking care of environment in a modern
shrimp aqua farm. The system will monitor environment inside water of aqua farm
by using sensors, camera and save the data to cloud in graph by using internet.

1.2.2. Indexes need to analyze
The system need to monitoring the environment inside shrimp farm such as
pH index, Dissolved oxygen and temperature.
pH ( power of Hydrogen):
pH is a index specify the acidity or basicity (due to the amount of H + ions
concentration) of an aqueous liquid. An aqueous has the pH index less than 7 is
acidic and the pH index greater than 7 are basic. The neutral value of the pH
depends on the temperature, being lower than 7 if the temperature increases. Pure
water is neutral, with pH value approximately 7 at (25 °C). The pH value can be
less than 0 or greater than 14 means that being very strong acidic or strong basic.
In shrimp farms, changes in pH value can affect to physical and Bio health of
shrimps:
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pH = 7.2 to 8.8 is the appropriate water environment for shrimp. The

best condition is between 7.8 and 8.5.
pH should not fluctuate higher than 0.5 in shrimp ponds during a day.
If pH value changes significantly, it causes shrimps shocked, weakened and stop
eating.
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If the worse pH environment happend for a long time, shrimps are

growing slowly, stunted and susceptible to diseases.
Dessolved oxygen:
Dissolved oxygen (D.O) is an important factor in shrimp aqua farm. Low
dissolved oxygen in the water can cause deaths to shrimps.

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Oxygen concentration changes depending on the depth of water, the deeper
water height is, the lower oxygen water has. Dissolved oxygen changes when
temperature and salinity change.
Temperature:
Shrimps are cold-blood species (poikilotherm). Their body temperature
depend on the habitat temperature. Temperature significantly affects to shrimps
respiration, food intake, assimilation of food, immune system and growth.
Since the day heat of water surface, thermal stratification occurs: there is
differences with the weight and absorbent between layers of water make them hard
to mix each other. Thermal stratification can be controlled with paddle wheel or
Aerator.
Temperature is lower than 15 degree Celsius or higher than 33 degree
Celsius for 24 hours or longer causes death of shrimps. Shrimp is suffocated at the
temperature of 15-22 degree Celsius and 30-33 degree Celsius.
With the temperature of 23-30 degree Celsius environment is suitable for
growing white legs shrimps. However, small shrimps (1 gram) grow faster in warm
water (30 degree Celsius) while large shrimps (12 – 18 gram) grow well at a water

temperature of 27 degree Celsius.

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Data intakes
Coordinate:
The system need to take coordinate frequently as longtitude and latitude for
drawing the route, calculate the distance and point out the destination need to get
for the boat . The coordinate data also help to take the information of weather
forecast from internet.
Orientation:
The system need to defind the direction to support the movement. The
system will self-control the direction and get to the destination automatically.

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2. SYSTEM DESIGN
2.1.

SYSTEM PLATFORM

2.1.1. The whole boat
The boat whose size is 2.75 meters long and 2 meters wide. Can contain
more than 100kg by using 4 main bouys and 4 balance floating bouys. 2 strong

gypsum plates are used for main base. All the boat are strengthend by 2 stainless
bars. On the boat, there are 4 containers for contain main board of each part.
All components are strength attached by bolts and nuts. Some waterproof
parts are attached by silicone glue.

more than 3 years. With the size 1600x300x200 milimeters and 5.3 kg of
weight.

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2.1.2. Components
Main bouy:

Main bouys are made from HDPE plastic with strong endurance, can last
more than 3 years. With the size 1600x300x200 milimeters and 5.3 kg of weight.
Balance floating bouy:

10 litters plastic bottle is used for balance floating bouy, it supports for the
floating of the boat and also used to make the boat balanced.

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Main base:

Main base is made from 2 gypsum plate whose sizes: 1250x1250 mm and
1325x620 mm.
Stainless bar:

Stainless bars whose size 2000x100 mm used for attaching and strengthening
bouys.

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Container:

Container is a box that contail board and device in order to let system away
from moisture.

2.2.

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

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2.3.

SYSTEM DIAGRAM
Transmitter & Reciever

Camera
Monitoring Part
(Take responsible for
monitoring environment)

BIO Part
(Take responsible for
feeding shrimps)

LoRa

Main Processor
Take responsble for analyzing
data and make commands)

Internet
Server Cloud

Internet
Control
Part
2.4. MONITORING PART
(Take responsible for
Another Device
controling
dynamics)
2.3.1. and
Camera,
transmitter and reciever

(Smart phone, personal
computer)

Camera

Main processor

Transmitter

Receiver

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Camera:

Camera designed with the full functions of sport camera with high duration
in environment and has water proof case can stand strong under pressure of 30
metters height of water.
Specifications:
- 14 MP
- F = 2.8
- FHD 1080p
- 2 inch LCD
- Wireless Wifi
- USB port
- Water proof case
Transmitter ( TS832 ):

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TS832 is a high speed transmitter, use 5.8 MHz frequency for transmit video
with high quality. TS832 has 48 channels (includes Race Band).
feature:
- 48 channels choice to get the best transmitting quality
- 48 channels offers wide compatibility to most 5.8G receivers
- Super small 220mA current for 600mW wireless transmitter power
- Small size with light weight
- Long transmission range
- Covers A,B,C,D,H and L frequency bands
- Two switching buttons for the band and channel
- Two digits display for the band and channel
- Stable signal transmission, no channel drift issue
Specifications:
- Video Format: NTSC/PAL
- Output Impedance: 50 Ohm
- Operating Voltage: 7-16V DC
- Supply Current: 220mA
- Operating Tempreture: -10°C to 85°C
- Video bandwidth: 8M
- Audio bandwidth : 6.5M
- Video Input Level: 0.8-1.2 Vp-p
- Video Iput Impendance: 75 Ohm
- Weight: 22g
- Demensions(LxWxH): 54x32x10 mm

List of chanels:

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Receiver ( RS832 ):
RS832 is a high speed receiver, use 5.8 MHz frequency for matching with
transmitter TS 832. RS832 also has 48 chanels (includes Race Band).

Features:
- Two digits display for the band and channel
- Super small 200mA current wireless receiver power
- Small size with light weight
- Long receiving range
- Stable signal receiving, no channel drift issue
- 48 channels choice to get the best receiving quality
- 48 channels offers wide compatibility to most 5.8G transmitter
- Covers A,B,C,D,H and L frequency bands
- Two switching buttons for the band and channel
Specifications:
- Video format supported: NTSC/PAL
- Antenna connection: RP-SMA, jack
- Power input: 12V

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-

Working current: 200mA max
Antenna impedance: 50Ω
Antenna gain: 2db
Rx sensitivity -90dBm
Video impedance: 75Ω
Video format: NTSC/PAL auto
Dimension: 80x 65 x15mm
Weight: 85g

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List of chanels:

Converter:

The voltage indeed of camera operation is 5V, So that the power of 12V
might cause camera harmed. We need a device can low down the voltage from 12V
to 5V so we use converter.
Specifications:
- Input voltage: 4~40VDC
- Output voltage: 1.25~36VDC
- Maximum current: 8A (should be remained 5A for operating
-

continuosly).
power: 200W
efficiency: 94%
convert pulse frequency: 180Khz
size: 70 x 47 x 29mm

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-

Wiring

Allocation

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2.3.2. Monitoring part
Block diagram:
Temperature

Main processor

Wire
Arduino MEGA

sensor

Dissovled oxygen

Wire

sensor
Allocation:
pH sensor

Wire
Lora

Lora

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wiring:

-

DoD and pH use uart ports to connect so we connect DoD and pH to

-

uart port 1 and 2

LoRa is connected to uart port 3
Temperature sensor data wire connect to pin PWM 2 depends on code

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-

Components:

item
DOP
pH probe
Temperature sensor
converter
lora
arduino
Breadboard

quantity
1
1
1
1
1 set
1
1

specification

15 watts
mega

Temperature sensor:

Temperature sensor is DS18B20 Digital Thermometer with waterproof.
Features:
Unique 1-Wire interface requires only one port pin for communication
Powered from data line. Power supplier from 3.0VDC to 5.5VDC
Temperatures measurable range from -55°C to +125°C
Converts 12-bit temperature to digital word in 750 ms (max)
Alarm search command identifies and addresses devices whose
temperature is outside of programmed limits (temperaturealarm
-

condition) DC characteristic.
Zero standby power required

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1. All voltages are referenced to ground.
2. Logic one voltages are specified at a source current of 1 mA.
3. Logic zero voltages are specified at a sink current of 4 mA.
4. Active current refers to either temperature conversion or writing to the E2
memory. Writing to E2 memory consumes approximately 200 µA for up to

10 ms.
5. Input load is to ground.
6. Standby current specified up to 70°C. Standby current typically is 3 µA at
125°C.
7. To always guarantee a presence pulse under low voltage parasite power
conditions, VILMAX may have to be reduced to as much as 0.5V.

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8. To minimize IDDS, DQ should be: GND ≤ DQ ≤ GND +0.3V or VDD –
0.3V ≤ DQ ≤ VDD. 9. Under parasite power, the max tRSTL before a
power on reset occurs is 960 µS.
DOP ( Dissolved Oxygen Probe):

A galvanic dissolved oxygen probe (DOP) use anode bathed in an
electrolyte, a polyethylene membrane and a cathode. Oxygen molecules defuse
through the probes membrane at a constant rate (the reaction occurs too quickly
without the membrane). Once the oxygen molecules have crossed the membrane

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they are reduced at the cathode and a small voltage is produced. If no oxygen
molecules are present, the probe
will output 0 mV. As the oxygen increases so does the mV output from the

probe. Each probe will output a different voltage in the presence of oxygen. The
only thing that is constant is that 0mV = 0 Oxygen. (A galvanic dissolved oxygen
probe can also be used to detect the Oxygen content in gases).
pH probe :

pH (potential of Hydrogen) probe measures the hydrogen ion activity in a
liquid. At the tip of a pH probe is a glass membrane. This glass membrane permits
hydrogen ions from the liquid being measured to defuse into the outer layer of the

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glass, while larger ions remain in the solution. The difference in the concentration
of hydrogen ions (outside the probe vs. inside the probe) creates a VERY small
current. This current is proportional to the concentration of hydrogen ions in the
liquid being measured.
Converter:

Electronics are the sensitive devices with voltage, like arduino can work
under the voltage from 5 to 9V and also another devices like sensors, motors but the
battery always supply the voltage of 12 so we need a device can convert the voltage
of 12 to 5v.

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LoRa

LoRa is a embedded device that provides data transfer function. It provides a
long range distance use radio frequency communication.
This LoRa device use SX1278 Chipset, work on 433MHz frequency. With
the compact size 21x36mm, device can handle the distance 3Km.
Specifications:
- Model: E32-TTL-100 RF
- Fre-Range: 410-441 MHz
- Wireless standard: LoRaTM – 433 MHz
- Output RF power: 20dBm-10mW
- Support FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRaTM and OOK
- Operate voltage: 2.3-5.5 V, default: 3.3v
- RSSI circle: 127dB
- Speed : 0.3-19.2kbps (default 2.4kbps)
- Working temperature: 40 - 85 0C
- Support 65536 address.
LoRa has 4 modes can be set up by wiring the hardware
Working mode

M1 M0

Introduction

Mode 0 normal

0

0

Serial open and wireless open, transparent transmission

Mode 1 Wake-up

0

1

Serial open and wireless open

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Working mode

M1 M0

Introduction

Mode 2 Power-saving

1

0

Serial close and wireless wake-up mode

Mode 3 Sleep

1

1

Sleep, and can receive parameter setting command

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Result

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