Quản lý hoạt động giáo dục phòng chống tai nạn thương tích cho trẻ ở các trường mầm non ngoài công lập trên địa bàn thành phố hồ chí minh tt tiếng anh

1
INTRODUCTION
1. Reasons for choosing dissertation topic
Children are future owners, human resources of each country. Therefore, caring
for children is always a top priority in each country's human development strategy. In
order to have good citizens, to meet the development needs of the country, children
must be nurtured and well cared for in order to ensure the development of health,
intellect, emotion and behavior. However, the reality shows that the current issue of
child protection and care is inadequate, especially the situation of child injuries and
accidents is increasing and becomes one of the leading causes of death in children.
Nowadays, about 3 million children at age of 0-6 years are cared for at preschools,
accounting for 26% of children in the age group. The concern is that children under 6
years of age are vulnerable groups due to children of this age are often active while
they are still young both physically and mentally, without knowledge of life skills, and
have no experience in preventing accidents , risk". On April 15, 2010, the Ministry of
Education and Training issued Circular No. 13/2010 / TT-BGD & DT on building safe
school, preventing and controlling accidents and injuries in pre-school establishments
that clearly stating "Content of building safe schools, preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries", "To ensure safety for children, when children are cared for,
raised and taught at preschool establishments"..
In fact, in some kindergartens and private classes, the quality of children's
meals is still low, the management of meals is not strict, some establishments have
children violence and are not safety for children. Non-public preschool
establishments still have many shortcomings in activities to prevent and control
accidents and injuries for children. It is more noticeable that most managers, teachers,
staff and parents do not really care or be highly aware of child protection and accident
prevention. Consequences of accidents and injuries are not only cause physical harm,
mental weakness but also make them disadvantaged in their rights and obligations.
Besides, child injury also causes families and society to take on more material
difficulties as well as mental injury. From the above alarming situation, it shows that
preschool education needs professional documents, intensive program content,

training programs ... on management of educational activities to prevent accidents
and injuries for children in preschools. And these documents and content which are
focus on this are still very few.
From the above theoretical and practical issues, being the principal of a
non-public preschool in Ho Chi Minh City, I know the issue "management of
education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments” has both theoretical meaning
and practical value. Therefore, I chose the topic: "Management of education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at
non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City" as my dissertation
topic with the desire to find effective education management measures of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children, contributing to
improving the quality of comprehensive education for children of preschool
age, especially at non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City.
2. Research purpose and tasks
* Research purpose: On the basis of theoretical and practical
research on management of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for preschool children, the dissertation proposes major
measures to manage education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and


2
injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City,
contributing to improving the quality of comprehensive education to meet the
requirements of comprehensive fundamental innovation of education and
training today..
* Research tasks
Clarifying the theoretical basis for managing education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for preschool children and assessing
the reality of management of education activities of preventing and controlling

accidents and injuries for preschool children; proposing major measures of
management of education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for preschool children. Testing measures of management of education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for preschool children.
3. The subject, object, scope of research and
scientific hypothesis
* Research subject: Education activities of preventing
and controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public
preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City
*Research objects: Management of education activities of preventing
and controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool
establishments in Ho Chi Minh City
* Scope of research:
The content: the dissertation has studied in depth the situation of
education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments , from which we proposes and
tests the necessity as well as feasibility of such measures. The survey: the
dissertation focuses on investigating and surveying at 19 non-public preschools
and classes in 10 districts in Ho Chi Minh City; With a total number of
surveyed guests: 240 people including staff of education bureaus, education
departments; Principal; Vice Principal (30 people); Teachers and staff (210
people). About time, limited from June 2015 to the present.
* Scientific hypothesis:
Scientificly managing the educational activities of injury prevention will
ensure children enjoy the quality and safe educational impacts at non-public
preschools. In the past years, education activities of prevention of injuries and
management of child injury prevention and combat activities in non-public
preschools in Ho Chi Minh City have been concerned, there are still many
limitations. The main reason is that measures to manage education and injury
prevention activities are not really appropriate. If the principal of the school performs

well the planning of educational activities; direct the implementation of serious and
effective education plans; guide teachers to teach children self-injury prevention
skills; focus on building a safe environment; effective coordination with families,
local authorities and social organizations in the educational process, and scientific and
effective management of the educational outcomes implemented, will well manage
educational activities. The school's pedagogical forces on injury prevention for
children in non-public preschools contribute to improving the quality of preschool
education in Ho Chi Minh City today..
4. Methodology and research methods
* Methodology: In the course of researching the dissertaion, we
always grasp the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh's


3
thought in studying issues of education and management of educational
activities; apply the views of the Communist Party of Vietnam in preschool
education development. At the same time in the research process, the
dissertaion uses the main approaches: the system approaching ; logical historical approaching ; the educational process approaching ; management
function and practical view approaching.
* Research methods: The dissertation uses a combination of theoretical,
practical research methods and additional research methods, namely:
Theoretical research methods. Practical research methods: Observation
method; active product research methods; survey and survey methods; deep
interview methods; expert consultation method; method of summarizing
experience; assay method; Test methods and complementary methods:
Methods of processing data by mathematical statistics.
5. New contributions of the dissertation
Clarifying educational activities of prevent accidents and injuries and
management of education activities of preventing and controlling accidents
and injuries is an urgent task to be implemented in the current period at nonpublic preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City; Clarify, supplement and

concretize the concepts of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children in non-public preschools; clearly define the
management contents, specify the affecting factors of management of
education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments; Proposing a system of 6
measures of management of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments in
accordance with the conditions of Ho Chi Minh City, contributing to improving
the quality of management of preschool education and education quality for
preschool children in Ho Chi Minh City.
6. Significances of the dissertation
In terms of theory: Developing the theoretical system of educational activities
to prevent, control accidents and injuries for children in non-public preschools,
management of education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
for children at non-public preschool establishments serve as a basis for proposing
measures of management of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi
Minh City to manage the effectiveness of educational activities to prevent and control
accidents and injuries for children in schools, contributing to improving the quality of
preschools establishments in non-public preschools.
In terms of practice: The survey results provide honest data to help
schools clearly recognize and assess the situation of educational activities to
prevent and to control accidents and injuries for children in non-public
preschools in Ho Chi Minh City. The proposed measures in the dissertation are
suggestions which help leaders and managers at administration levels to apply
in the training practice in schools as well as contributing to improving the
quality of protection, education and nurturing preschool children at non-public
nursery education establishments..
7. Structure of the dissertation

4
The dissertation includes introduction, four chapters (15 periods),
conclusions, list of scientific works of the author related to the dissertation, list
of references and appendices .
Chapter 1
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES RELATED TO
DISSERTATION
1.1. Scientific research works on accidents and injuries of
children
Children are not miniature adults. Physical and cognitive abilities, level of
dependence, activities and risk behaviors all change fundamentally when they grow up
(Prüss-Ürsün and Corvalán, 2006) [86]. As children develop, their curiosity and desire to
experiment are not always commensurate with their ability to understand and respond to
danger. Children are not only affected by injury to themselves, but also by injuries that
occur to others (Rahman et al., 2005 [87]; Grossman, 2000 [73]. ). However, Vietnam is
in the process of transforming the economy, so, like other countries in the region, the
situation of injuries in general and child injury in particular is happening very well.
complex and increasing (Do Thanh Thai, 2014) [49]. In fact, there have been many
studies discussing the characteristics and situation of child injury in Vietnam, thus giving
the correct view that child injury is a public health issue, requires the whole society to
develop and implement strategies to reduce the burden of this problem. A high risk of
injury in boys compared to girls is also observed in many other countries and is thought to
be related to more active behavior, tend to carry behaviors at risk of boys higher than girls,
and the fact that parents and communities are less restrictive than boys domestic and noncommunity activities (Paden, 2008) [84].
1.2. Scientific research works on preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries; education activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children
Education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
for children at non-public preschool establishments is feasibility and effective

solution to decrease accidents and injuries of children. Children learn to behave
through both instruction and observation from parents, teachers, relatives,
friends ... and people who serve as role models for their behavior and
observation. Child's behavior will be strengthened and adjusted by the
consequences of their actions and the response of others to their behavior.
Young children learn how to behave through observation and interaction with
society rather than just words. Therefore, Budara (1977) suggests that young
children need to be taught skills through instruction, practice (repetitive) and
feedback rather than just speaking theory [70]. According to Nguyen Thuy
Quynh, Le Vu Anh and Nguyen Duc Quang (2010), child injuries can happen
to all age groups and public health issues are currently concerned. In
developing countries in general and Vietnam in particular, compared to the
causes of infectious and non-communicable diseases, child injury is becoming
the leading cause of death for children. Accidents and injuries of children can
be completely prevented through various measures, which enhance the
knowledge and skills of injury prevention and injury and create a safe learning
and playing environment. To implement these measures, a school-based
approach is considered feasible and effective [47].


5
1.3. Scientific research works on management of education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries of children
at non-public preschool establishments
In preschool, the teacher is the closest person to the child and the first to apply
first aid. According to the report of Li (2012), the level of first aid knowledge of
preschool teachers is generally low [77]. Therefore, it is important for preschool
teachers to be provided with first aid and practice as well as basic first aid training
and education that is mandatory in schools (Campbell , 2012).
Orton and his colleague (2016) reviewed evidence of the impact of

educational programs in schools to prevent and control unintentional accidents,
injuries for children and adolescents. Accident and injury prevention and control for
children is very important because common injuries at this age can cause serious and
long-term effects on children and their families. Schools are good environment
providing educational programs to prevent accidents and injuries.
Therefore, the authors conducted a review of the results from 27 studies on
the effectiveness of child education on prevention and controlling of accident and
injury, improving their knowledge of injury and accident prevention as well as
improving their behavior related to safety. The results reinforce the views of accident
and injury prevention education programs that can improve children's safety skills,
safety behaviors and safety knowledge [83].
In Vietnam, there are a number of studies which have conducted surveys
on accidents and injuries of children at preschools, thereby proposing measures
to prevent accidents and injuries in accordance with specific preschool
environment. According to Dao Thi Minh Tam (2014), the situation of
accidents and injuries of children in preschool establishments in our country,
especially in the home childcare groups, private preschools is complex.
Because facilities do not meet the requirements, the number of children is too
large, the children are very active, curious and inexperienced so it is very easy
for the children to have accidents and injuries. On the other hand, some
preschool establishments have not been trained to handle urgent situations.
They don’t have experiences, skills for dealing with emergency children.
Thereby, the author recommends a number of measures of management
of education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments in which focus on education
management measures, that is to increase education communication aimed at
raising awareness of preschool education and teachers about safe school
construction and accident and injury prevention.
The author emphasizes that ensuring safety for prevention and control
of accidents and injuries for preschool children is an important and urgent role

in the current care and education of children. contribute to improving the
effectiveness of childcare and education in preschool [48].
1.4. Overview of research results of published scientific works
related to dissertation and issues that need to be solved.
1.4.1. Outline the results of the published scientific work
Firstly, injuries and accidents are soon recognized as dangerous killers
for children, a global public health problem, attracting the attention of many
researchers and international organizations. Therefore, in all countries, children
have the right to get the highest health insurance and a safe environment,
without injury and violence.


6
Secondly, research works around the world have presented a complete
picture of child injury and accident problems in which identifies the causes of
child injuries and accidents, included: unintentional injuries, such as traffic
injuries, drowning, burns, falls, poisoning; and other unintentional injuries,
such as suffocation, choking, tracheal obstruction, animal or snakebite,
hypothermia and high body temperature. Consistent with the views of
researchers and international organizations, on the basis of analyzing the
characteristics related to child injuries and accidents as well as the situation of
child injury in Vietnam, research projects in Vietnam identificate the leading
cause of fatal injuries in Vietnam is drowning, traffic accidents, poisoning,
falls, burns and animal bites, thereby affirming child injuries is an important
public health problem that requires the concern of the whole society.
Thirdly, the prevention of controlling accidents and injuries for children,
this not only has the effect of reducing the current injury rate but also has the
effect of changing safe behavior for future generations. . Many research
projects in the world affirmed that in order to prevent child injury accidents,
there is a need for effective prevention strategies, tools and programs for injury

prevention. In Vietnam, there should be many different measures suitable to the
characteristics of non-public preschools in order to improve the knowledge and
skills of injury prevention and to create a safe learning and playing
environment for Children are indispensable.
Fourthly, the management of educational activities to prevent and
control accidents and injuries for children at the preschools not only reduce the
current injury rate but also change safe behavior for future generations. A
number of studies have conducted surveys on accidents and injuries for
preschool children, from which proposing the appropriate measures of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries, such as games, rolling/group,
model /training on prevention skills, educational interventions, planning for
child safety systems at child care facilities ... Experience shows people who
provide necessary the life skills, must have the right and responsible
professional, including social activists, teachers and psychologists. They play a
very important role in determining the success of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children in preschools..
1.4.2. The issues that dissertation to be solved
Firstly, research to solve theoretical issues about accidents and injuries,
educational activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries and
management of educational activities of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children at non-public preschool schools in Ho Chi Minh city. Secondly,
identifying the goals, tasks and contents of the management of education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool in
Ho Chi Minh city. Thirdly, making surveys and sketch the current situation of
educational activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
and to manage educational activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
for children at non-public preschool schools in Ho Chi Minh city and this is practical
foundation for proposing measures to manage educational activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children in non-public preschool schools in Ho
Chi Minh City. Fourthly, proposing measures to manage educational activities of

preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children in non-public preschool in


7
Ho Chi Minh city in an appropriate and effective manner with characteristics of each
school and locality.
Thus, researching measures to manage educational activities of preventing
and controlling of accidents and injuries at non-public preschools are contributing
to improving the quality of education and nurturing children at preschool
institutions in general and non-public preschools in Ho Chi Minh City.
Besides, the above research results there are many unresolved issues in
Vietnam and foreign scientists are an important support for us to build a
theoretical basis for the implementation of the dissertation..
Conclusion of Chapter 1
From research reviews on accidents and injuries for children,
educational activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children and management of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at preschools, it can be seen that there are many
profound and comprehensive research works on these issues. Particularly for
managing educational activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
for children in non-public preschools in Ho Chi Minh City, there are only a few
research projects discussing measures to ensure prevention and control of accidents
and and injuries for children at non-public preschools. In fact, there has not been
any studies specialized in education management systematically and concretely
about education management of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
for children in non-public preschool schools in Ho Chi Minh City - a leading city in
the country in the number of child injury accidents. This shows the urgency of the
topic that the author chooses to study.
Chapter 2
THEORETICAL BASIS OF MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION

ACTIVITIES OF PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING ACCIDENTS
AND INJURIES FOR CHILDREN AT NON-PUBLIC PRESCHOOL
ESTABLISHMENTS IN HO CHI MINH CITY
2.1. Theoretical issues of education activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool
establishments
2.1.1. Concept of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
for children at non-public preschool establishments
* Accidents and injuries for children
So far, the concept of "accidents and injuries" has not been defined in a
consistent and clear way. However, the understanding of the concepts of accidents
and injuries is widely supported and recognized by the World Health Organization as:
" Accidents and injuries are those that occur due to random factors, or intentional
factors, causing physical and mental injury to people” (WHO) [59, 2].
* Preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at nonpublic preschool establishments
Preventing and controlling accidents and injuries is a system of
managers' measures to minimize or limit injuries to the human body.
For preschool children, preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments is the direct care and education of parents
and relatives in child’s families; teachers and staff at non-public preschools and related


8
people who work together in caring and protecting children, creating a safe environment
for children in meals, participating in activities of playing, studying, avoiding the risks that
can endanger your child's body and mind.
2.1.2. Education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments
* Education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children at preschool establishments

Education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children at preschool establishments are all educational, training
and fostering activities of educational subjects, helping pedagogical forces
with solid knowledge, skills and positive attitude to actively prevent accidents
and injuries for children in preschools.
* Education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments
Education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments are all activities of education,
training, retraining and inspection and supervision of the school, headed by the
principal which making pedagogical forces of non-public preschool establishments
have solid knowledge and skills as well as a proactive attitude in preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children at preschool in a way that is
consistent with the characteristics of task of each person.
* Contents of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments,
included 5 contents
Firstly, knowledge and skills of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children in organizing meals for children; Secondly, knowledge and skills
of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children in organizing to
sleep; Thirdly, knowledge and skills of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children in learning activities; Fourthly, knowledge and skills of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children in organizing play
activities; Fifthly, knowledge and skills of teaching children to ensure safety.
2.2. Theoretical issues of management of education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at nonpublic preschool establishments
2.2.1. Concept of management of education activities of preventing
and controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool
establishments
* Educational management

Educational management is the management of systematic,
scientific, conscious and purposeful impacts of management subjects on
the subject of management, the educational process that makes teaching
and educational activities take place in planning to controll and adapt to
the educational purposes.
* Management of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments
It can be generalized: Management of education activities of preventing
and controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool
establishments are systematic, planned, conscious and targeted impacts of the
managing subjects to all forces in the school, first of all, the people who taking


9
care of and educating children to acquire knowledge, skills and attitudes to
meet the requirements of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
preschool children as well as other forces participate in education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children in order to
achieve the goal of child care and education.
2.2.2. Contents of management of education activities of preventing
and controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool
establishments
2.2.2.1. Making plan of education of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at preschools
2.2.2.2. Organizing of education of preventing and controlling accidents
and injuries for children at preschools
2.2.2.3. Directing the construction of the safety school environment for
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries at non-public preschool
establishments
2.2.2.4. Checking and evaluating the results of educational activities of

preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public
preschool establishments
2.2.2.5 Managing the management staff, teachers, and school staff in
the implementation of educational care, nurturing children safely
2.2.2.6. Managing the conditions of facilities, technical facilities for
educational activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments
2.3. Affecting factors of the efficiency of management of education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
at non-public preschool establishments
2.3.1. Policies of the Party and State on non-public
preschool education
2.3.2. The interest of leaders at Ho Chi Minh City on injury
prevention for preschool children
2.3.4. Economic, political, social and cultural conditions of Ho Chi
Minh City
2.3.4. The level of awareness, knowledge and skills of managers,
teachers and school staff
2.3.5. Conditions of facilities, pedagogical environment, prestige and
brand of the school
Conclusion of Chapter 2
Due to the age characteristics, preschool children are not able to protect
themselves, are not aware of the dangers to their lives and health, preschool
children are easy to encounter dangerous accidents, sometimes causing injuries
with long-term influence on the development of children in the future, at the
same time cause anxiety for their parents, sometimes arise the public opinion is
not good for preschool education and the school, especially the preschool nonpublic. It is said that the tasks of prevention and control of accidents and
injuries, the protection of children 's safety, especially in non - public
preschools, are extremely important.
Preschool teachers and people in direct contact with preschool children

10
must understand the knowledge and skills in prevention and controlling
accidents and injuries, dangers for children in the process of carrying out their
preschool duties. With non-public preschool establishments, the preschool
principal is the highest responsible person in organizing all the activities of the
management staff, teachers, and school staff in the preschools, as well as is the
highest management subject for prevention and controlling accidents and
injuries for children. Through their organization and control activities, the
principals of non-public preschool establishments must attach importance to
education for the school's forces, especially the staff of preschool teachers with
high sense of responsibility; have knowledge and skills to prevent and control
accidents and injuries for preschool children in all activities according to their
responsibilities, and at the same time control and mobilize all favorable factors
to ensure facilities and absolutely safe environment for children in school.
Chapter 3
PRACTICAL BASIS OF MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION
ACTIVITIES OF PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING
ACCIDENTS AND INJURIES FOR CHILDREN AT NONPUBLIC PRESCHOOL ESTABLISHMENTS IN HO CHI MINH
CITY
3.1. Overview of non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi
Minh City
3.2. Overview of the practical situation study
3.2.1. Purpose of investigation and survey
Making survey to collect information, specific, accurate and complete
data on education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
for children at non-public preschool establishments, management of education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at
non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City. Since then, it serves

as a practical basis to comprehensively assess the status of management of
education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City. On that
basis, we conduct analyzes, explanations, points out the advantages,
limitations, objective and subjective reasons to propose measures to manage
the education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City
3.2.2. Centents of investigation and survey
The contents of investigations and surveys include: Practical situation
of education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments; Practical situation of
management of education activities of preventing and controlling accidents
and injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi
Minh City and the real situation of factors affecting the management of
education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City .
3.2.3. Subjects, sites, time of investigation and survey
* Subjects of the survey, focusing on: the staff of Department of Education
and Training, Education & Training Officer, Principal, Vice Principal, teachers and
staff of non-public preschools in districts in Ho Chi Minh city .


11
* Survey sites: We conduct surveys at 19 non-public preschool
establishments in 10 districts in Ho Chi Minh city.
* Survey time: limited from 2015 to now.
3.2.4. Methods of investigation and survey
Implementing the specific research methods that are: Survey method by
questionnaire; deep interview methods; observation methods; discussion
method; research methods of active products; expert method and data

processing method.
3.2.5. Survey and data processing tools
The author builds 01 survey form for managers (Appendix 1), 01 survey form
for teachers and staff (Appendix 2). To assess the status of management of education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at nonpublic preschool establishments, authors use 3-scale scale corresponding to the
performance levels: Good, rather good, Medium; Very often, often, not often; Very
necessary, necessary, not necessary; Very guaranteed, guaranteed, not guaranteed;
Very influential; influential, no influential.
3.3. Practical situation of management of education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at nonpublic preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City
3.3.1. Practical situation of awareness of types of accidents and
injuries for children often encountered for children in non-public preschools
3.3.2. Practical situation of awareness about the
objective of education activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children
3.3.3. Practical situation of contents of education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
3.3.4. Practical situation of methods of education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
3.3.5. The results of education of the school's pedagogical forces on
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
3.4. Practical situation of management of education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
3.4.1. Practical situation of building plan of education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
As a result of the survey, we have the following remarks: most of the nonpublic preschools in Ho Chi Minh city set up an education plans of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children along with the school year plan with
highest rate: 73.3%; and the plans have been implemented, accounting for 72.7%.
When planning non-public preschool establishments based on requirements,
regulations and relevant legal documents of ministries, branches and localities.

However, the education plan for preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children based on regulations - reaching a good and very good level is only 49.3%.
The contents were assessed at a relatively high level such as: Education plan for
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for preschool children, clearly
determining the purpose and content of education; Developing education plan for
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children of the school, compiled
from the plans of the professional teams; The plan has clearly defined the tasks of
each pedagogical force to be rated at 62.0%, 66.0% and 66.7%, respectively. This is


12
also the difficulty of the non-public preschool establishments because it is difficult to
find human resources, so it is more difficult to keep people. In addition, the
prevention and control of accidents and injuries for children is relatively new to nonpublic preschools, so the planning is still general, the purpose and content of
education are clearly and scientifically and in line with the characteristics of the
establishments, planning for preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children is in line with the yearly plan of studying at non-public preschools. Ho Chi
Minh city is only average, and many schools have not performed well, accounting for
40.0%. Similarly, the development of a plan of education activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children has concretized the time and method of
implementation with an average rate of nearly 50.0%, which indicates that non-public
preschools have been limitation of specifying time and instructions on how to
implement it clearly. Finally, the content: “The plan of education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children are developed from the
proposals of managers, teachers, and staff” is rated the lowest one of the above 9
items. It is shown that the way to set up the plan at non-public preschools is often
subjective. Most managers give less reference plans or synthesize proposals from
teachers and staff, so when implementing less effective. Therefore, in order to
improve the prevention and controlling accidents and injuries education for children
in the school, there is a need to actively and further study and research of the school

management staff on this issue.
3.4.2. Practical situation of organizing education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
According to the survey, 80% is the highest rate assessed by the
pedagogical forces of the schools. "Paying attention to exchange experiences of
pedagogical forces in the process of education activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children” and “Arranging people to be
involved in preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children in
accordance with the conditions for performing professional tasks” is rated at
75.3%. This figures proves that non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi
Minh city know how to use the resources available in the school in this
activity. The 04 contents that accounting for 60.0% is assessed “good” 60,0%
and “very good” 61.3%; the contents related to the focus on fostering and
training activities in the educational process is 63,3% and 69,3%; Using the
results of training for preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children with the practice of child education; Using a combination of various
forms and methods in education, fostering and promoting the self-education
and self-fostering role of pedagogical forces in schools. Thus, the
implementation of these contents at the non-public preschool establishments
Ho Chi Minh city is generally satisfactory. However, there are some preschools
that have not performed well due to many objective and subjective reasons.
Besides, determining the content of preventing education and controlling
accidents and injuries for children close to the professional tasks of each
position of the pedagogical force is rated at a good level of 58% and the
organization of talks and rehearsals Professional training with specialists in
prevention and controlling accidents and injuries for children at preschool
public schools is also not appreciated, only 50.0%.


13

Interestingly, the combination of education and forstering of education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at
non-public preschool establishments with facilitating the management and
teachers to improve their qualifications at preschool establishments is assessed
as the lowest level in which up to 60.7% has not performed well. Through
discussions with a number of managers and teachers, they said that for most of
the years they have not been able to participate in any training courses to foster
education and prevention and controls accidents and injuries for children,
including they have not been familiarized with this part of the subject in the
formal training programs they have learned.
3.3.3. Practical situation of directing education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public
preschool establishments
According to the survey, in general, the direction of education activities of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children of managers is assessed
“very good” and “good” (80%). In particular, activities such as teacher guidance on plan
of education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
achieved 76.7%; Directing the plan of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children for staff rated 70% or higher. The guidance of plan of
education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children for
the child caring is only 63.3%. Management officials rated that the effectiveness was
still not good at 3.3% - 7.3%. Thus, we can see that the direction of the management
and participants of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children in nonpublic schools still has a place that is not really close star. Therefore, the principals of
schools need to consider and consult managers and adjust the way of timely
management on the basis of management science to maximize the enthusiasm,
creativity and fineness, their responsibility at work.
3.3.4. Practical situation of inspection and evaluation of education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
Through the survey results, we found that in non-public preschool
schools in Ho Chi Minh city have paid attention to the inspection and

evaluation of education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children with many contents: Examining and assessing knowledge,
skills of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children of
manager, teacher, and staff; The results of grasping knowledge and skills
associated with the school's assignment of professional tasks; Criteria for
assessing professional skills and prevention and controlling skills and injuries
for children are most appreciated in the above table (accounting for 80%,
83.3% and 84%). In addition, such contents as: Assigning teachers directly to
young educational establishments based on preventing and controlling
education and injuries; Evaluate the educational results of each teacher through
the collective trust; Retention of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries educational outcomes in teachers' preschool education; Combining
periodic inspection and regular inspection; planned and sudden examination
and daily updates on the capacity of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children of each manager, teachers who perform well in non-public
preschool schools 70.7%, 69.3%, 68%, 65.4% and 61.3%. However, these 5
contents, the pedagogical force in some schools has not been implemented


14
well, and loose and arbitrary management does not ensure safety for children at
school. And the development of testing and evaluation of prevention and
control of accidents and injuries for children by advanced technical means is
46%, this content has not been highly appreciated. This shows the application
of advanced technical facilities. In order not to be widely cared at many nonpublic preschool institutions, there is a need for timely and appropriate research
and implementation to effectively test and evaluate the prevention and
controlling accidents and injuries capacity for pedagogical forces.
Here are some things to consider and take measures to contribute to the
examination and evaluation of educational activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children in non-public preschool

establishments in Ho Chi Minh city made better.
3.4.5. Practical situation of forces participating in education activities
of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
In fact, the non-public preschools in Ho Chi Minh city have organized
many pedagogical forces according to decentralization, assigning clearly and
specific responsibilities to the management of education activities of preventing
and controlling accidents and injuries for children. The levels of management in
schools regularly actively improve and supplement the number and improve the
quality of education management, including the management of education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children.
Managers of non-public preschools regularly instruct the subordinate forces to
conduct education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children according to the programs and plans set out to promote their role and forte
of the staff. Specifically, the managers, teachers and the staff of the schools
assessed that it was very high for the “Exemplary leaders of school participate and
organize the education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children” account of 84% “very good” and “good”. The following
contents, "Individuals and groups cooperate in participating in educational
activities preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children in the
preschools” and “Attracting the support and support of parents in the process of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children” are assessed with the
same high rate (70.7%). In addition, “The sharing of knowledge and experiences in
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children” has been well
implemented by the schools, accounting for 69.6%.
When discussing with managers and teachers, they said that "managers,
teachers and employees voluntarily participate in education and fostering
activities" quite a few schools performed well, accounting for 58%, in general
pedagogical force some unconfirmed schools, inadequate participation and
management of the education of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children who are sometimes manifest and ineffective. The content

"Enhancing local government relations, social organizations in the process of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children" is one of the
most restrictive contents rated as 55 , 4%. The reason for using this force is
sometimes not reasonable; not yet exploiting and promoting the role of external
forces in the management of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
for children. Therefore, preventing and controlling education of accidents and
injuries for children has not been effective, sometimes even formal.


15
3.3.6. Practical situation of technical facility ensure in education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
The survey results show that the non-public preschool establishments in
Ho Chi Minh city have actively invested, procured and renovated facilities,
educational technical facilities and management and exploitation regimes.
Appropriate facilities are rated the most with 71% of respondents rated good and
very good. However, there are still 29% of assessment opinions are not good,
through exchange, most of the non-public preschool establishments are not
supported by the State budget for investment, repair, renovation or upgrading, they
must self-management of this funding so the construction of facilities, procurement
of young educational technical facilities is not in accordance with the process, not
suitable to the program, the educational institutions are still inadequate. In
particular, many schools have not built a plan to exploit and use facilities and
technical education facilities, so it is difficult to assess the effectiveness of use of
facilities. With the content of maintenance, maintenance, scientific preservation and
vehicle system, the educational facilities of the school have modernity and are not
evaluated well by managers, teachers and staff. from 32% to 34.7%, although the
schools have also performed well at the beginning of the plan year, the preschool
public schools have organized inventory and re-evaluation of assets on January 1 st
every year. On that basis, it will organize the management and use of the existing

facilities, equipment and facilities and equipment invested and procured in the
previous year. However, preschools preschools in Ho Chi Minh city do not have
guidelines for standards of use and management of facilities and techniques for
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children therefore, users are
not encouraged to effectively exploit and use technical means: assigned equipment,
utensils and toys. The responsibilities of the Board of Management have not been
clearly defined in the organization, management and use of facilities and technical
facilities to perform the tasks of young educational institutions. There are no or
missing use procedures, monitoring, evaluation and usage logs for each type of
facilities and equipment. Little changes in facilities, modern technical means of
education according to the renovation requirements of the preschool to ensure
safety for children have not been regularly updated and invested effectively by
schools. ... Management contents in maintenance and repair of facilities and
scientific preservation are unclear and inconsistent..
In 03 contents 4,5,6, only more than 50% of schools surveyed said that
facilities and techniques for preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
for children in appropriate schools with the characteristics of non-public
preschool fields. However, there are many opinions of the pedagogical forces
in the surveyed schools that the system of facilities, school facilities that are
not meeting the needs of education and preventing and controlling accidents
and injuries is still arbitrary and excessive savings because of limited funding;
In addition, most schools have not effectively promoted the school's existing
child injury prevention education facilities to effectively use for school-based
injury prevention education. . This proves that preschool institutions have not
paid due attention to preventing and controlling accidents and injuries to ensure
absolute safety for children at school.


16
3.5. Practical situation of affecting factors of management of

education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
for children at non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City
From the survey results, we find that the most influential factor in
managing educational activities of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children in non-public preschools is: Conditions of facilities and
environment, reputation, brand of non-public preschool school: there are 89.3% at
level 1 and 2 choose this content. The second factor is the policy of the Party and
the State on non-public preschool education, the influence level of 1 and 2 is
87.3%. The following factors were assessed by managers, teachers and staff, which
greatly influenced the management of preventing and controlling education and
injuries for children, the concern of leaders at all levels. in Ho Chi Minh city about
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for preschool children and the
level of awareness, knowledge and skills of educational managers, teachers and
staff in preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children, up to 84%
and 82.7% of the opinions are important and very important. The other element is
the economic, political, social and cultural conditions of Ho Chi Minh City, which
also affect the management of educational activities of injury prevention for
children in outside preschools. public, however, managers, teachers, and staff
assess the lowest impact to the management of child injury prevention education
activities as 4 above conditions, only 12% and 18 ideas were selected at an
important level, because according to the study, this factor has little impact on nonpublic preschools due to specific characteristics in autonomous schools in all
aspects.
3.6. General assessment of the status of management of education
activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children
at non-public preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City
3.6.1. Advantages and causes of advantages
* Advantages
* Causes of advantages
3.6.2. Limitations and causes of limitations
* Limitations

* Causes of limitations
- Về phía nhà trường: Chưa thực sự ý thức được vai trò tầm quan trọng
của hoạt động giáo dục preventing and controlling accidents and injuries cho
trẻ. Chưa kịp thời trang bị tu sửa cơ sở vật chất bị hư hỏng, thiếu an toàn cho
trẻ, những trang thiết bị không đúng quy cách để gây nên những sự cố đáng
tiếc. Người làm công tác quản lý: chưa thật sự sát sao, chưa có sự chỉ đạo,
quan tâm kịp thời và triệt để, chưa kịp thời phát hiện bồi dưỡng cho giáo viên
của mình những kiến thức kỹ năng còn thiếu hụt.
- The preschools: They are not really aware of the important role of the
prevention and controlling education and injuries education for children. They
have not been able to timely repair damaged and insecure facilities for children
and improper equipment to cause unfortunate incidents. Managers have not
really paid attention, have not had the guidance and timely and thorough
attention, not timely discovered and trained for their teachers, the skills
knowledge is still lacking.
- Teachers and staff are not fully equipped with the knowledge and skills


17
of child care, have not implemented the regulations on activities of picking up
children and returning children everyday.
- Parents have not exchanged timely and regularly with the school,
teachers and staff about the physiological characteristics, children's habits,
habits and importance of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children anytime, anywhere.
Conclusion of Chapter 3
The assurance of safety and prevention of accidents and injuries for
preschool children has a very important meaning, a task associated with the
responsibilities of the school, of each manager, teacher and staff. Therefore, the
non-public preschools in Ho Chi Minh city have focused on building schools

that best meet the needs of educational establishments, especially ensuring
safety for children. The education to improve the quality of the school's
pedagogical forces has been carried out, the non-public preschools in Ho Chi
Minh city have recently done well the task of young educational
establishments, and at the same time secured safe for children, contributing
positively to the city's preschool education career.
However, the issue of education for the monks' pedagogical forces while
carrying out professional activities for young educational institutions is
incomplete and ineffective. Therefore, knowledge, skills, attitudes of managers,
teachers and staff on preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children have not met the requirements. The reality of child care in some
preschool establishments still has unfortunate events causing negative public
opinion. The causes of these limitations are related to the implementation of the
functions of managing education activities and preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children in non-public preschool establishments ,
which have not been fully and seriously implemented. These are practical
issues for proposing measures to manage the prevention and controlling
accidents and injuries for children in non-public preschool establishments in
Ho Chi Minh city in the next chapter.
Chapter 4
MEASURES OF MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION ACTIVITIES OF
PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING ACCIDENTS AND INJURIES
FOR CHILDREN AT NON-PUBLIC PRESCHOOL ESTABLISHMENTS
IN HO CHI MINH CITY
4.1. Measures of management of education activities of preventing
and controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool
establishments in Ho Chi Minh City
4.1.1. Planning of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments
In order to well implement the measure, it is necessary to focus on one

of the following contents: Clearly defining the objectives of the school's accident
and accident prevention education, helping all managers, teachers and personnel all
school members have received the impact of education, thereby raising the sense of


18
responsibility to ensure safety for children, developing love for children; actively
and regularly reinforce and improve the knowledge, preventing and controlling
skills and accidents for children when performing their responsibilities as young
educational institutions. Accuracy of educational goals, is the appraisal and
accuracy of the goals through the promotion of the collective wisdom of the
school's numerous pedagogical forces. Principals need to hold comments of
managers and teachers through appropriate forms. Thus the purpose of education
will be practical, close to the characteristics of the school implementation, and the
purpose of education is also thoroughly understood for the pedagogical forces of
the school. Understanding the implementation of the educational plan of the school,
it is the review and retention of the implementation of the education plan to help
the Principal see what time periods can be organized to educate and prevent
education accidents and injuries; Where to implement these educational activities
does not affect the implementation of the school year plan. Review the status of the
capacity and quality of each teacher and staff of the school to specifically classify
management staff, teachers and staff on the status of knowledge, skills, attitude and
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries, seeing the limitations that need to
be completed, identifying the gaps to supplement and work with specific personnel
to participate in fostering activities. The organization that drafted and promulgated
the plan needed to select qualified and experienced people to concretize the
Principal's idea, assign specific tasks, provide the necessary guidance for one or
one number of people drafting the plan. The manuscript should be discussed,
consulted, revised appropriately before the principal approves and issues it.
4.1.2. Directing foster activities of knowledge, skills and attitudes for

the school's pedagogical forces on education activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children
The educational activities of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children in non-public preschools include many different contents,
in which the fostering of knowledge, skills and attitudes for the pedagogical
forces of the school is the first work which creates a knowledge base for school
managers, teachers and staff to unify in awareness; Serious attitude in ensuring
safety for children, skilled in implementing professional tasks to eliminate risks
and accidents for children. Therefore, it is necessary to work hard to be
effective in fostering knowledge, skills, and attitudes about preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children for school pedagogical forces. In
order to implement this measure, it is necessary to start from the correct needs,
content and form of training, ie need to answer the questions: the goal to be
achieved of fostering activities; content needs fostering; subjects of fostering;
force participating in fostering; It is important to guide the activities of
fostering knowledge, skills and attitudes and preventing accidents and
controlling accidents and injuries for children in non-public schools.
4.1.3. Organizing knowledge and life skills for preschool children to
prevent injuries by age
Providing children with proper and adequate knowledge to understand
the causes of accidents and injuries, types of accidents and injuries, ways to
prevent and control accidents and injuries, effective and necessary treatment
methods when accidents and injuries occur. Help children recognize risks and
consequences of accidents and injuries, consequences of accidents and injuries


19
for children and schools. Increasing awareness of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at school and young living environment to
reduce child mortality and disability due to accidents and injuries.

In order to well implement the measure, it is necessary to focus on a
number of contents: Helping teachers to learn and classify children in their classes in
charge; Support teachers to build content for teaching children appropriately; Helping
lesson teachers to teach children the knowledge and skills to avoid accidents and
injuries suitable for their class groups; Direct teachers to implement lesson plans in their
daily education time; Agree on methods and criteria to assess the results of child
acquisition and prevention practices and accidents
4.1.4. Directing the construction of a safety environment of preschool
for child injury prevention
Providing children with correct and complete knowledge to understand the
causes of building an environment of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries
is an important issue in preschools. For managers, building a school environment to
ensure safety, "green - clean - beautiful", cleaning schools, cleaning equipment and
devices are always clean, tidy, suitable. suitable for each age and safety for children;
Food hygiene and safety is ensured ... are prerequisites and important for our
management and that helps non-public preschool institutions improve their reputation
and quality in their activities. education of preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children.
In order to well implement the necessary measures: it is necessary to
build a safe school and class environment; Hygiene and food safety; Organize
to improve knowledge of environmental sanitation, food safety and hygiene for
all managers, teachers and staff in the school at the beginning of the school
year. Implementing education content to build environment to ensure clean
safety in learning activities. Actively coordinate with parents' class in educating
children to protect the environment; abide by the rules and regulations of the
school to ensure safety in the daily activities of children at school. In addition,
all the pedagogical forces of the school must always be educated, always
supervised about the attitude of behavior, how to behave in the right way with
each other and with children so that the children can only receive loving words
at school, considerate care, friendly behaviors in every teacher like being able

to interact with their parents at home.
4.2.5. Directing coordination of schools, families and social
organizations in education activities of preventing and controlling accidents
and injuries for children
Family, school and society are always regarded as important education
"triangles" for every child. In fact, the cooperation between families and
schools in preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children has not
been given adequate attention. The looseness of this relationship stems from
many causes, but by both teachers and students' parents. Therefore, the
coordination of these three factors is essential to improve the effectiveness of
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children in each school.
Like a three-legged stand, simple, solid and indispensable to any leg. In order
to implement this measure, it is necessary to focus on a number of contents:
Determining the role of the school in building coordination relationships
between schools - families and society; Actively proposing content objectives,
appropriate and effective forms of coordination; Coordinating in assessing the
quality and capacity of pedagogical staff, spreading safe school brand, actively


20
preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children to attract the
attention of the whole society. The proper assessment will encourage and
encourage the school management staff and teachers to make more efforts and
responsibilities in the professional activities of the educational institutions
safely. Unifying the awareness of the importance of coordinating three
environments: Family - School and society in the education of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children. Considering coordination is the
constant implementation at all times and is a long process.
4.1.6. Strengthening the inspection and assessment of
the results of education activities of preventing and

controlling accidents and injuries for children according to
the functions and professional tasks of each officer and
teacher
The promotion of inspection and evaluation activities also aims to help
managers to formulate adjustment mechanisms towards achieving the general
objectives set by the school development plan to meet the requirements of
quality development of preschool. Need to check and evaluate each stage will
help confirm the correctness of the plan and promptly adjust if there are errors.
Periodic testing and evaluation will help managers and staff to recognize the
effectiveness of education to ensure the prevention and control of accidents and
injuries for children, thereby determining the responsibility of the home.
Management and teachers and staff themselves promote strong and flexible
adjustments of errors to suit the set objectives. In order to implement this
measure, it is necessary to develop a plan to inspect and assess the injury
prevention and combat activities simultaneously and synchronously with the
educational plan and professional activities plan of the school; Develop criteria
to assess the results of awareness, attitude and skills of injury prevention in
professional activities of the school. This set of evaluation criteria is based on
the content and educational programs implemented at the school, reflecting the
requirements of knowledge, skills and attitudes in child injury prevention in a
specific way; The form of testing and assessing knowledge and skills, attitude
of injury prevention for children in preschools must be simple but effective. Do
not cause stress for managers, teachers and staff on the issue of assessment and
evaluation, but must be serious, objective and accurate; The results of the
assessment must be kept for a long time as the data of school officials, teachers
and staff. These data help the school to grasp the characteristics of
qualifications, talents and the sense of responsibility of its managers, teachers
and staff, as a basis for using managers and teachers. members and staff
assigned tasks and decided to emulate and reward the school to consider the
need to organize appropriate educational and retraining activities, to send

people to participate in proper and economical education programs.
4.1.7. Relationship between measures
Management measures are a diverse and dynamic system. No measures are
universal, each measure has advantages and certain limitations and has different impacts
on the management object. Measures have a mutual relationship, support and complement
each other in a system. Therefore, many measures must be used to coordinate a task. It is
up to the job, people, circumstances, conditions, time ... to select and combine appropriate
measures. 06 measures of management of education activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments in


21
Ho Chi Minh City have close relations with each other. Each measure has its own
strengths, so no measures can be taken lightly. Each measure is an important link, this
measure is the basis, premise for the other measure and vice versa. The proposed
measures must be implemented in a synchronous, scientific, binding, closely linked
manner, facilitating and complementing each other in the management process.
4.2. Demonstration of measures
4.2.1. Testing the necessity and feasibility of measures
4.2.1.1. General of testing
4.2.1.2. Analysis of test results on the necessity of measures
4.2.1.3. Analysis of test results on the feasibility of measures
4.2.1.4. Comparison between the necessity and feasibility of measures
Table 4.5: Comparison of rank correlation between necessity and
feasibility of measures
Measures
Necessity
Feasibility
D2
Measure 1

1
1
0
Measure 2
2
2
0
Measure 3
4
3
1
Measure 4
5
6
1
Measure 5
6
4
4
Measure 6
7
5
4
To further clarify this issue, it is necessary to use Spearman function to
examine the correlation between the necessity and feasibility of measures :
In this formula:
2
R is the correlation coefficient
6 D
n is the number of proposed

R 1 
n(n 2  1)
measures
D is the difference between the
hierarchy of necessity and feasibility
After changing the number and calculating if 0 feasibility are positively correlated, meaning that the measures are both
necessary and feasible. The change in the above formula has R = 0.71.
Based on the above results, it can be concluded that the necessity and
feasibility of 06 proposed measures are positively correlated, meaning that the
measures are both necessary and feasible. The results of this test may conclude
that these measures, if practical, will contribute to the management of
educational activities preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children in non-public preschools in Ho Chi Minh city..
4.2.2. Testing and analyzing test results of measures
4.2.2.1. General issues about testing
* Purpose of testing
In order to affirm the feasibility and effectiveness of measures to
manage child injury prevention education in non-public preschools in Ho Chi Minh
City, through measures: " Directing activities to foster knowledge, skills and
attitudes for the school's pedagogical forces on child injury prevention and control


22
". At the same time, verify the scientific hypothesis of the dissertation topic .
* Scope and test object
- Scope of content: Due to the conditions of legality and study time, we
only test the content of the second measure: "Directing activities to foster
knowledge, skills and attitudes for the school's pedagogical forces on child
injury prevention ”. Experimental group conducted training to improve

knowledge and skills for pedagogical forces on preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at 03 non-public preschools based on
contents in appendix 4, 5 and 6. Control group does not conduct training.
- Scope of time: The test period is from August 2016 to March 2017.
- Subjects of the test: The selected test sample is guaranteed to represent
60 different participants, including the Principal; Vice-president; Chief
specialist; Teacher; Staff of non-public preschools have chosen to experiment
and control above. We divided 60 subjects into 2 groups: 1 group of A schools
for testing, 1 group for group B as control, each group had 30 people.
- Test sites: Select the schools to test, the schools to control and
determine the testing time. We conducted tests at non-public preschool schools
in Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City. Specifically: we selected 3 trial and
control schools (03 selected schools have the same management, teachers, and
staff forces with professional qualifications, working seniority, experience,
age ... in each selected position to ensure the same input scale.
- Force to participate in the test: The author of the dissertation and
collaborators at the testing facility.
* Experimental hypothesis
* Test procedure
* Criteria and assessment tools
- Evaluate the knowledge of the school pedagogical force on child
injury prevention in non-public preschools.
- Evaluate school teachers' skills and attitudes about preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children in non-public preschool schools.
4.2.2.2. Processing test results
* Processing test result formulas
* Evaluate test results
* Conclusion after testing
Through understanding the reality of non-public preschools, we can
make the following general assessments:

The guidance of fostering the knowledge, skills and attitudes of the
school's pedagogical forces on preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries for children at non-public preschools has contributed to improving the
quality. management of preventing and controlling education and injuries
education for children in these facilities in Ho Chi Minh city..
Through the experimental results, the measures we propose to
implement in some non-public preschools in Ho Chi Minh city have brought
about remarkable results. The quality of non-public preschools has been
improved. The management of education prevention and controlling accidents
and injuries for children in non-public preschool is conducted in a sequential
manner, gradually improving to meet the requirements of more effective school
management. Thus, we draw conclusions, measures "Directing the activities of
fostering knowledge, skills and attitudes for the school's pedagogical forces for


23
child injury prevention and prevention" to bring effect. Better results, through
the impact of fostering the knowledge and skills of safe child care for the
school's pedagogical forces on preventing and controlling accidents and
injuries at non-public preschool in The Ho Chi Minh city has seen positive
changes, has been significantly improved and needs to be implemented
regularly to promote the quality of current educational institutions at preschool
institutions in general and non-public preschools in particular.
Conclusion of Chapter 4
Management of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments in
Ho Chi Minh City is a task and content of school management, contributing to
the implementation of comprehensive care and education goals for children at
preschool age. Based on the theory and practice presented in chapters 2 and 3,
the author has proposed 06 measures of management of education activities of

preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public
preschool establishments in Ho Chi Minh City.
Measures of management of education activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool
establishments in Ho Chi Minh City that the proposed topic has aimed at
planning educational activities:
These measures have a close relationship in the process of improving
the quality of management of education activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children. Good implementation of the
measures will help the school's pedagogical forces to master and concretize
measures to ensure safety and innovation to improve the quality of preventing
and controlling accidents and injuries for children in particular and the quality
of the preschool establishments in general at non-public preschool
establishments.
Based on the results of the survey of the situation and based on the
theoretical basis of managing educational activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschools, with
proposed and reviewed measures, experiences from scientists, managers,
teachers and staff confirmed the scientific and feasible measures to manage
education and prevention activities and injuries for children. Each of the
proposed measures ensures scientific principles and is consistent with specific
characteristics for education to ensure safety and preventing accidents and
controlling accidents and injuries for children in non-public preschools.
Moreover, in the research process, the dissertation has conducted a test
of "Directing activities to foster knowledge, skills and attitudes for the school's
pedagogical forces for prevention and controling for children". Experimental
results show that there are changes and changes in a more positive direction
about the level of awareness, knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviors of
participating forces. This allows the first step to confirm the correctness of the
scientific hypothesis and the completion of the dissertation.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Conclusion
Early childhood education is the beginning stage of laying the
foundation for the formation and development of child character, the early


24
childhood period is also called the golden age of life. Non-public preschool
education management creates optimal conditions for implementing the goals
of preschool education. Managing the prevention and control of education and
injuries for children is an integral part of the education management of nonpublic preschool in particular and preschools in general contributes to ensuring
great safety for children in all aspects, improve the quality of comprehensive
education for children of preschool age.
Management of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments in
Ho Chi Minh City are the principal's impacts that make the school's
pedagogical forces full of knowledge, skills and attitudes about preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children in performing professional tasks.
The content of management is aimed at ensuring that educational activities are
planned with practical contents, effective measures, thereby raising awareness,
attitudes and skills for pedagogical forces. of the school to ensure the absolute
safety of children during care time at the school.
The reality of management of education activities of preventing and
controlling accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool
establishments in Ho Chi Minh City has been managed by the subjects,
especially leaders and the Board of Management of schools and management
staff at functional agencies as well as teachers, staff, parents in non-public
preschools step by step pay attention and innovate in order to improve the
quality and efficiency of management of educational activities and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool schools, meeting the

basic and comprehensive innovation requirements of current non-public
preschools. However, the quality and effective management of educational
activities sometimes, at some point and in certain cases of some schools, the
group of classes also revealed many limitations and shortcomings such as:
planning still slow, not close to the reality of each unit; implementing
education plans not strictly; lack of facilities, some equipment are old and
outdated, unsafe; Educational results have not been effectively managed and
used. These limitations have impacted on the quality of child care and
education in non-public preschool in Ho Chi Minh city has not been uniform,
and there are many cases attracting the attention of public opinion.
The cause of those advantages and limitations has both objective and
subjective causes. However, the dissertation has focused on the subjective
reasons of management to find recover.
On the basis of studying the contents, characteristics and requirements
to ensure absolute safety for preschool children during the time of being
educated at school, the dissertation determines measures of management of
education activities of preventing and controlling accidents and injuries for
children at non-public preschool establishments should focus on implementing
well measures based on concretizing management functions into specific
conditions of non-public preschool in Ho Chi Minh city. Management
measures focus on planning the entire educational activity to organize and
direct the training and education for pedagogical forces that always have the
knowledge, skills, attitude to prevent and controlling accidents and injuries for
children when performing professional tasks in appropriate ways; attach
special importance to instructing teachers to teach children the knowledge,


25
skills to prevent and control accidents and injuries for themselves
appropriately; promote building a friendly and safe pedagogical environment in

the school; coordinate the relevant forces in education, and manage the
educational results in a practical and effective way for the quality of fulfilling
the professional tasks of each manager, teacher, and contributing staff improve
the quality and reputation of the school education. Each proposed measure
clearly defines the purpose, basic content, implementation method and
conditions to best implement that measure.
The measures have been verified through a test to collect feedback from
240 managers, teachers, staff and experts, and at the same time test the method
"Directing activities to foster knowledge, skills and attitudes for the school's
pedagogical forces on child injury prevention. The results showed that the
proposed thesis measures were highly appreciated both in terms of feasibility
and necessity. At the same time, the experimental results also show that the
proposed method can facilitate management practices, bringing practical
results of management of education activities of preventing and controlling
accidents and injuries for children at non-public preschool establishments in
Ho Chi Minh City.
2. Recommendations
* For Communist Party of Vietnam
* For principls of non-public preschool establishments