Hochiminh city challenges and opportunities in the new era

Hochiminh city

challenges and opportunities in the new era

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam, 2016

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DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND

HISTORICAL REVIEW
DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES
CITY PLANNING FOR FUTURE

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND

Disctrict 1 - CBN view, 2015.
2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND

Introduction

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•
•
•
•
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Largest population city
National economic hub &
driver
International & regional
connecting role
Kernel of the most dynamic
region
2095 km2
8.2 million

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

4


DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND

Settlement pattern

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Compact city
One large core – old centre
Sprawling to the South Eastern
economic region: 30.000km2, 16 mill,
in 8 provinces

Source: author using census data 2009.
2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Landsat map, internet, 2015.
Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND

Fast growth

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Population grows 2%

recently
Spatial grows faster
HCMC population 1995-2015

4.50%
4.00%
3.50%
3.00%
2.50%
2.00%
1.50%
1.00%
0.50%
0.00%

9000000
8000000
7000000
6000000
5000000
4000000
3000000
2000000
1000000
0

HCMC population

HCMC population growth rate

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

1985

2015

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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CITY PLAN REVIEW

Early plans
Colonial city plans
After colonial plans
After 1975 plans

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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CITY PLAN REVIEW

Colonial time

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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CITY PLAN REVIEW

Early plans
Sai Gon & Cho Lon
Before 1800

Archive maps

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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HISTORICAL REVIEW

Colonial plans

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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CITY PLAN REVIEW

Colonial plans

Sai Gon city centre

Aerial view to Saigon river from District 1 Sai Gon 1930
2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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HISTORICAL REVIEW

After colonial
Expansion during
wartime

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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CITY PLAN REVIEW

After colonial

Boggle 1972
Thu thiem 1974

Bogle, 1972
Thu Thiem, 1974

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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CITY PLAN REVIEW

City plans after
1975
Expansion after war

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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CITY PLAN REVIEW

1993 plan

Go North East

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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CITY PLAN REVIEW

1998 plan

Go North West,
South, and South
Easst

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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HISTORICAL REVIEW

2008 regional plan

Multi nodal pattern
Metrolinks

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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HISTORICAL REVIEW

2012 plan

Go East
Go South
Other directions

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES

Unhealthy
development
pattern
Sprawl & poor
serviced area

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES

Unhealthy
development
pattern
Towards low
elevated cheap land

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES

Housing disparity
& urban poor
Slum areas

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES

Housing disparity
& urban poor
Unaffordable
housing

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES

transportation
Private vehicle
boom & congestion

8000000

20.00%

7000000

18.00%
16.00%

6000000

14.00%

5000000

12.00%

4000000

10.00%

3000000

8.00%
6.00%

2000000

Increase rate (%)

VEHICLE NUMBER

Motorised vehicle change between
2009-2015 in Hochiminh city

4.00%

1000000

2.00%

0

0.00%
2009

2011

2013

2015

Axis Title
car number

motorcycle number

car growth rate

motorcycle growth rate

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES

Urban flooding
Exaggerated due to
climate change

2016 Nov 01 - Asian City Forum

Nguyen Ngoc Hieu & Tran Hoang Nam

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