MPLS cisco QOS VPN full MPLS原理

MPLS 原原


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中

原原
原原原 MPLS 原原.......................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 中中
1.2 中中中中中中中中中中中中

3
5

1.2.1 中中中中中中 STM............................................................................................6
1.2.2 中中中中中中中 IP 中...........................................................................................6
1.2.3 中中中中中中 ATM............................................................................................7
1.2.4 中中中中..........................................................................................................8
1.3 中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中

9

1.3.1 中 MPLS 中中中..............................................................................................9
1.3.2 MPLS 中中中中中中........................................................................................10
1.3.2.1 中中中中中中中中.........................................................................................................10
1.3.2.2 MPLS 中中............................................................................................................12

1.3.3 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中............................................................................14
1.3.3.1 中中中中中中中中中中中中................................................................................................14
1.3.3.2 中 ATM 中 FR 中中中中中中.........................................................................................16

1.3.4 MPLS 中中中中.............................................................................................16

原 2 原 MPLS 原原....................................................................................................................................................16
2.1 中中
2.2 MPLS 中中中中

16
17

2.2.1 MPLS 中....................................................................................................17
2.2.1.1 中中中中中 FEC........................................................................................................17
2.2.1.2 中中中中中中 LSP......................................................................................................18
2.2.1.3 中中中中中中中 LSR 中中中中中 LSR.............................................................................18

2.2.2 中中 19
2.2.2.1 中中........................................................................................................................19
2.2.2.2 中中中中中中中...........................................................................................................19
2.2.2.3 中中中中中 LSR3......................................................................................................19
2.2.2.4 中中中中...................................................................................................................19
2.2.2.5 中中中.....................................................................................................................19
2.2.2.6 中中中中中中 LSP......................................................................................................20
2.2.2.7 中中中中中中中中中中中..................................................................................................20
2.2.2.8 中中中中...................................................................................................................20
2.2.2.9 中中中中中................................................................................................................21
2.2.2.10 中中中中.................................................................................................................21
2.2.2.11 中中中中.................................................................................................................21
2.2.2.12 ATM 中中中中中中...................................................................................................22
2.2.2.13 FECS 中中...........................................................................................................22

2.2.3 中中中中中中中中..............................................................................................22
2.2.3.1 中中中中中中中中中中中中 NHLFE.................................................................................23
2.2.3.2 中中中中中中 ILM......................................................................................................23

2.2.3.3 FEC-TO-NHLFE 中中中 FTN...............................................................................23
2.2.3.4 中中中中中中..............................................................................................................23
2.2.3.5 中中中中中中 TTL......................................................................................................24
2.2.3.6 中中中中...................................................................................................................24
2.2.3.7 中中中中中中..............................................................................................................24
2.2.3.8 中中中中中................................................................................................................24

2.2.4 中中中中中中...................................................................................................26
中 2 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
2.2.4.1 中中中中中中中...........................................................................................................26
2.2.4.2 中中中中中中中...........................................................................................................26
2.2.4.3 中中中中中中中中中中中..................................................................................................26
2.2.4.4 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中............................................................................................26
2.2.4.5 中中中中中中 LDP.....................................................................................................27
2.3 MPLS 中中中中中中
27

2.3.1 OSPF 中中..................................................................................................27
2.3.2 BGP-4 中中.................................................................................................29

原原原 MPLS 原原
1.1 原原
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中 B-ISDN 中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ITU-T 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中90 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中 3 中 中 34 中

中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中中 ATM 中中中中中IP over ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 CIPOA中LANE 中中中中
中 MPOA中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP over
ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中 IETF 中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中 1999 中 3 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
RFC 中中中中中中中中中中
97 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中 ATM中Everything over IP 中 IP over everything 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中 ATM 中中中中 B-ISDN 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Gbit/S中中中中中中 Tbit/S中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中 MP/S 中中中 GP/S 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 CPU 中中中中中中中中中中中中 ASIC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中Cross bar switch中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
_中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
ATM 中中 IP 中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 24%中中中中中中中中IP 中中中中中中中中中 2.3%中中
中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中 IP over ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP中IPv4 IPv6中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
IPX中Appletalk中Dcnet中CLWP 中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中 IP 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP/SDH/OPTICS 中中中中中中中中 IP/OPTICS中DWDM中中中MPLS 中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中 DWDM中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 STM 中 SDH中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中 SDH 中 ATM 中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中QOS 中 COS 中中中中中中IP 中中中中 MPLS

中 4 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 OPTICS 中中中中中
中中中中MPLS 中中中中中 IP over ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 L3 中中 L2 中中中中“中中”中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中 FR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP over OPTICS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中 MPLS 中 ATM 中中中中中中中
中中中中中MPLS 中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中ATM 中中 B-ISDN 中中中中中中中中
ATM 中中中中 AAL 中中中中中中中 ISO-OSI 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
ATM 中中中中中中中中中 FR-SDH 中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中 1-1中

L33

L3

L3

3

IP 中中

中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中

中中中中中中中中中
中中中中

IP 中中

L3

中中中中中
FECS

FECS

中中
L AAL

AAL 中中中

MPLS

中中中

MPLS

ATM 中中中
中中中中中
a) IP 中

ATM 中中中
b) ATM 中

c)IP/ATM 中 MPLS

L2

d) MPLS 中中

中 1.1 MPLS 中 IP 中中ATM 中中中中中中中
中中 1.1 中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中 L3 中 L2 中中中中中中中中中中中中中IP 中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中ATM 中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 中
MPLS 中中中 IP over OPTICS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中 OPTICS中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中
中中中中中 FR-SDH 中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

1.2 原原原原原原原原原原原原
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 STM中IP 中 ATM中

中 5 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中

1.2.1 原原原原原原 STM
STM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 60 中中中中中中 PCM 中 90 中中中 SDH中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
STM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中DDN 中中 ISDN 中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中
STM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
STM 中中中 PDH 中中中中中中中1544 kbps 中 2048 kbps中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 SDH中SONET中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 XDSL 中中中中中中中中中 STM 中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中STM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 90%中中中
STM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 B 中中中 64kbps中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 GSM 中中中中 13kbps中CDMA 中中中中 8kbps中中中中中中中中
中 4kbps中中中中 STM 中中中中中中中中中中中中

1.2.2 原原原原原原原 IP 原
IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中
IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中IP 中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 2000 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中STM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 56Kbps——50Mbps中中中中中中中中中中中中
90 中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 155.52Mbps/622.08Mbps中97 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中IP 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 STM 中中中中中中 2.5Gbps中
中中中中中中 ITU-T 中中中 SG13 中 IP 中中中中中中中ITU 中中中中中中中 TSAG 中中中中中 IETF 中中中中中中中中中中中中

中 6 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
IP 中中中
IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中
IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 TCP 中中中中中中中IP 中中中中中中中 QOS 中中中中中中中中中 IP 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 PARETO 中中中PARETO 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中STM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
80%----90%中中中 STM 中中中中中中中中 10%中中中中中中中中中中中中 70%---80%中IP 中中中中中中中中中 2.3%中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 TCP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 TCP 中中中中中中中中 50%中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

1.2.3 原原原原原原 ATM

ATM 中中 ITU-T 中中中中中 BISDN 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中
ATM 中中 53 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 QOS中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Mbit/S 中 Gbit/S中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中
ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 STM 中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中 BISDN 中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 STM 中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中 BISDN 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中 7 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 QOS 中中中中中 COS 中中中中中中中中中中 STM 中中中 IP
中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

1.2.4 原原原原
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中STM 中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中 IP 中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中 STM 中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中 BISDN 中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中 90 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
155.52/622.08Mbps中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中ATM 中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中 STM 中中中中中中中

中中中ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中/中中中中中中中中中中中 STM中IP中ATM 中 Mobile 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中 ATM中中中 VOAT 中中中中中中 IP over ATM 中中中中中MPLS中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中 中
ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中 IP over OPTICS中中中 everything over IP中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中IP
PHONE 中中中中IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
IP 中中中中中中中中中 IP over OPTICS 中 everything over IP中中中中中中中中中中中中中IP over OPTICS 中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP/SDH/OPTICS 中 IP/ATM/OPTICS中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP over OPTICS中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中/中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
Every thing over IP 中中中中中中中 IP PHONE中中中中中中中中中IP PHONE 中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中 STM 中中
中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP PHONE 中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中

中 8 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中

1.3 原原原原原原原 MPLS 原原
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中IETF 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 RFC 中中中中中中中中中
中 1999 中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中
中中中中中 FEC 中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中 L

Label 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC中中中中中中

中中中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSRS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中 FEC F中
中中中中中中中 LSR 中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 L3 中 IP 中中中中中中
MPLS 中

中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR 中中中中

MPLS 中中 MPLS node 中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 L3 中 IP 中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中 MLPS edge node MPLS 中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS中
MPLS 中中中中 MPLS Ingress

MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中 IP 中中中中中

MPLS 中中中中 MPLS Egress MPLS 中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中 IP 中中中中中

1.3.1 原 MPLS 原原原
中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中 9 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中“中中中中”中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 O中n中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 O中n2中中中 VC 中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中 IETF 中“中中中中中中”中中中中中 RVSP中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中/中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中

1.3.2 MPLS 原原原原原原
1.3.2.1 原原原原原原原原
中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FECS中中Forwarding Equivalence classes中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC 中中中中中

中 10 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中MPLS 中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中 FEC中中中 IP 中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中FEC 中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中 Ingress 中 MPLS 中中中中中 Egress 中中中中中中中中中 FEC 中中中中中中中中中中 LSP中中 LSP 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR中中中中中中中中中中FEC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 L中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FR 中中中 DLCI 中 ATM 中中
VPI/VCI 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FR 中中 DLCI 中中中中中中中中 ATM 中 VPI/VCI 中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中 FEC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中FEC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS

中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
IP 中中中中中中

I

R3

X
…

A

X

X

R1

X

X

中中中中

R5

X
R4

B

…

R2

中中中中中中

II

R6

中中中中中中

MPLS 中中中中 ILSR

X

MPLS 中中中中 ELSR

中中中中中中中中中中
IP

I

LA

MPLS 中中中

IP 中中中中中中
IP
L1

IP
L2 IP
L4
A 中 MPLS 中中中中中中

R1

A
A
中中中
中中中中中

R2

IP

R4

IP

R6

中中中 中中中中中中

IP

B

II

中中中
中中 IP 中中

B中IP 中中中中中中
A

R1

R2
IP 中中 A

R4

R6

B
IP 中中中中 FEC B
中中 LSP<A 中 R1 中 R2 中 R4 中 R6 中 B>

B 中中中 FEC B

LSP<A 中 R1 中 R2 中 R4 中 R6 中 B >

中 11 中 中 34 中

LA

L1

L2

L4

中

中 LSP 中中中中 L


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中

C中中中中中中中中中中
中 1.2 MPLS 中中中中中
1.3.2.2 MPLS 原原
MPLS 中 MPLS 中中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中 1.2 A中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ELSR中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ILSR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中 中中中中中中中
中中中 中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 OSPF 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 BGP 中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中 中中中中中中中中 LDP中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FECS中中中 LSP中中
LSP 中 FEC 中中中中 L中中中 LSR 中中中中中中中中中
中中中 中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中 中 MPLS 中中中中 IP 中中
中中中 IP 中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中ELSR 中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中中 LSP中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中 中 MPLS 中中中中中中 ILSR中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中 12 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中 MPLS Egress 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 中
中中中 Egress 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中 LSR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中 MPLS 中中 Egress LSR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中 1.2 中中中中中中中中中 I 中中 ELSR A中中中 II 中中 ELSR B中中 A→B 中中 LSP<A,R1,R2,R4,R6,B>中中
I→II 中 IP 中中中中中中中中 FEC BA中中中 LSP 中中中中中中 A
R4

R6= L4, R4

FEC B

R1=LA, R1

FEC B

FEC B

R2 = L 1 , R 2

FEC B

R4= L2,

B= 中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR

FEC B

中中中中中中中中中中中中中 1.3 中中中

I
Label

FECS

0
Port

0
Label

I
Label

I
Port

FECS

0
Port

0
Label

…

FECBA

I

LA

LA

1

FECBA

2

L1

…

1

1

A

4

…

…

R6

R1

1

1

I
Label

I
Port

FECS

0
Port

0
Label

L4

4

FECBA

1

…
中 13 中 中 34 中

B

中中 L3
IP 中中中

2

…


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中

中 1.3 MPLS 中中
中Ⅰ→Ⅱ中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中Ⅰ中 A 中中中中中 IP 中中中中 ELSR A 中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC
BA中中中中中中中中中中中 LA 中中中中中 1中中 IP 中中中中中 LA 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ELSR A 中中中中 1 中中中中中中中中
R1→B 中中中中中中中中中A 中中中中 ILSR R1 中中中中中 1 中中中中中中中中中中中中 LA 中中中中中中 R1 中中中中中中中中中中中 L1
中中中中中 2中中中中中中中中中 L1 中中中中中 LA 中中中中中中中中中中中 R1 中中中中中 2 中中中中中 R2中R4 中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中 R6 中中中中中中中 L4 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 R6 中中中中中 1 中中中中中中中中 B→Ⅱ 中中中 IP 中中中ELSR B 中中
中中中 1 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中Ⅱ中

1.3.3 MPLS 原原原原原原原原原原原
1.3.3.1 原原原原原原原原原原原原


中中中中

MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中


中中中中中中中

中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中


中中中中

中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中 14 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中 IP over ATM 中中 PVC 中中中中中PVC 中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP over ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中


中中中中 QOS

QOS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 QOS 中中中中中中中中中中QOS 中
中中中中中中中中中中中 QOS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中


中中中中中中中

中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ISP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中 ISP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 COS 中中中中中中中 QOS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中
中中 COS 中 QOS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 COS 中 QOS 中中中中中中中中
中中 IP 中中中MPLS 中中 MPLS 中中中中中中 Ingress 中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中 FEC 中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中 COS
中 QOS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中


中中中中

MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中


中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中ATM 中中中TP 中中中VPNs 中中

中 15 中 中 34 中

中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
1.3.3.2 原 ATM 原 FR 原原原原原原


中中中中中中中中

中 IP over ATM 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 n2 中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 0中n中中中中中


中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 QOS中COS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中 ATM中中中中中中中中中中中中中中


中中中中

中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中


中中中中中中中中中

MPLS 中中中 ATM 中中中 NHRP 中中中中中中中 SVC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 SVC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中
SVC 中中中中中中中中

1.3.4 MPLS 原原原原
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中 Traceroute 中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中 ATM 中 FR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中 ATM 中 FR 中中中中中中中中中中

原2原 MPLS 原原
2.1 原原
中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 L3 中中中中 L2 中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中——中中中中中中中中
中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中 FR 中中中中中中中中中中中

中 16 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中 L3 中——L2 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中 ATM 中 FR 中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中QOS 中 COS中中中 IP over ATM 中
IP over FR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 SVC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中 FEC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 0中n中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

2.2 MPLS 原原原原
中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中

2.2.1 MPLS 原
MPLS 中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 L3 中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
IP 中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Ingress 中中中中中中中 Egress中中中中中中

中中中中中中 IP 中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中
中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 L3 中中中中中中中 OSPF中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中——中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 BGP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中 MPLS 中中中
中 Ingress 中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中 Egress 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC中中中中中 FEC
中中中中中中中中中中 LSP中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC 中中中中 L中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中
2.2.1.1 原原原原原 FEC
中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中 VPI/VCI 中中中中中中中中 FR 中 DLCI 中中中中中中中
中 MPLS 中中中 L 中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC中中 FEC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中 17 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中 1中IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中
中中 2中FEC 中中中 1 中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP中IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC 中中中
中中 3中FEC 中 1 中中中 FEC 中中中中中中
中中 4中中中 FEC F 中中中中中中中中 FEC 中中中 FEC中中 FEC 中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中
中中 5中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC中中 FEC 中 MPLS Egress 中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS Egress 中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 RSVP中中中中中中中中中QOS中COS 中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC 中 MPLS 中
Egress 中中中中中中中FEC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS Egress 中中中中中中 MPLS 中中 n 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中 0中n中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中 n 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 0中n2中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中n 中中中中中中中中 n(n-1)/2 中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中n 中中中中中中 n 中 Egress中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中 n 中中中中
2.2.1.2 原原原原原原 LSP
中中中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR 中中<R1 中R2……Rn>中中中中中中中中 R1 中 LSP

中中中 Ingress中Rn 中 LSP 中中中 Egress中R2 中 Rn-1 中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中
2.2.1.3 原原原原原原原 LSR 原原原原原 LSR
MPLS 中 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中 L3 中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中 L3 中中中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中 LSR 中中中中
MPLS 中中中IP 中中中中中中中中中 FEC F中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中 LSR 中中Rn>中中中中中中Ru 中 Rd 中 LSRs 中中中中中中中中中中中中Ru 中中中中中中 FEC F中中中中中中中中 L中Rd 中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中 L 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Ru 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Rd 中中中中中中中

中 18 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

2.2.2 原原
中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC 中中中中中中中中中中中中 L 中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中 LSR Ru 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR Rd 中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 L 中 FEC F 中 Ru 中中中 Rd 中中中中“中中”中
中中中 MPLS 中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F中中中中中中 LSP中中 LSP 中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中 Ru 中 Rd中中中中 L 中 Ru FEC F Rd 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
2.2.2.1 原原
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC中
2.2.2.2 原原原原原原原
中中 L 中 FEC 中中中中中中“中中”中 Ru 中 Rd 中 LSP 中中中中中中中 LSRS中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Ru 中中 FEC F
中 Rd 中中 Ru FEC F Rd中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中中中中中 Ru 中中中中 L 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Rd 中中中中中中
中中 L 中 Ru 中中 FEC F 中中中中中中中 Rd 中中 FEC F 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
_L 中中 Ru OURPORT I

FEC F

Rd INPORT J

2.2.2.3 原原原原原 LSR3
中中中中 FEC F 中 Ru 中中中 Rd中中中中中中中中中中 L 中中中 FEC F中中中中中中中中 Ru 中中中中LSR Rd 中中中 LSR中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中中中中中中中
2.2.2.4 原原原原
中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
2.2.2.5 原原原
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 0中中中中中中中 m 中中中中中中中中 L1 中中中中中中中中中中 L2 中中中中
L3 中中中……中中中中 Lm 中中中中
中 19 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
2.2.2.6 原原原原原原 LSP
中中 m 中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中 P 中中中 LSR 中中<R1 中R2……Rn>中中中中中中中
1中R1 中“LSP Ingress”
2中中中中中 I 1
中 LSR R1 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 P 中中中中中中中中中中 m中

LSR RI 中中中中中中中 P 中中中中中中中 m中

3中中中中中 I 14中中中中中 I 1
RI 中中中 R(I+1)中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 m 中中中中中中中中中中中中<中中中>中

5中中中中中 I I
中中中中中中中中 P 中中中中中中中中 S中中中 RI 中中中中中R(I+1) 中中中中中中 S 中中中中中中中中中中

m 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中


S 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中



S 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 m+k 中 k>0中



m 中 LSP 中中中中中中中中 P 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中中中中中 m 中中中中 LSR 中中中LSR Ingress中
中中中中中 LSR中中 m 中中中中 LSR 中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中 LSP Egress中中中 m-k 中 k>0 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 M 中中中中中中中中
2.2.2.7 原原原原原原原原原原原
中中 LSR Rd 中中中 LSR Ru1 中中中 L1 中中 FEC F中中中中中 LSR Ru2 中 L2 中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中 L1 = L2 中中中
中中Rd 中 Ru1 中 L 中中 FEC F1中Ru2 中 L 中中 FEC F2 中中中中中 F1= F2 中中中中中中中中 Rd 中中中 Ru1 中 Ru2 中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 F1= F2 中中中中中中中 L 中 Ru 中中中中

FEC F

Rd 中中中中中中中中中中中中

2.2.2.8 原原原原
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR Rd 中中中中中中中中中中 LSR Ru1 Ru2 ……中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中 20 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR Ru 中中中 FEC F 中中中 L 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中中中中 L 中中中
中 FEC F中中中中中中中中 L 中中中中中中中中 FEC F1 中 FEC F2 中中Rd 中 Ru1 中 Ru2 中中中中中中中中中中中中 Ru1 →Rd 中 Ru2
→Rd 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 L 中 FEC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 L 中中中
中中 FEC F1 中 FEC F2 中
2.2.2.9 原原原原原
中中中中中中“中中中中中”中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 4 中 8 中中中中中中中中中中
0

7

8

S

Label Value

Label Value 20bits 中中中
Exp
S
TTL

15 16

23 24

20
Exp

31
TTL

0中1中2中3 中中 4-16 中中

3 bits 中中中
1 bit 中中“1” 中中“0”
8 bits 中中中中中中中中

2.2.2.10 原原原原
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中中中中中中中中
SVC 中中中SVP 中中中 SVP 中中中中中
SVC 中中中 VPI/VCI 中中中中中中中中 1 中中中中中中中中中中中SVP 中中中 VPI 中 VCI 中中中中中中中中中中 2 中中中中中
中中中中中中SVP 中中中中中 VPI 中中中中中中 1 中中中中中中中中中中中VCI 中中中中中
2.2.2.11 原原原原
中中 LSR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC
F 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 SVC 中中中 SVP 中
中中 ATM LSR 中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR中中中中中中中中中中 LSR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中 21 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中

中中中中中中中中中中中中中中IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATMLSR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中
2.2.2.12 ATM 原原原原原原
VP 中中

中中 SVP 中中中中中中中中 VP 中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中 VCI 中中中

VC 中中

中中中中中中中中 ATM-LSR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中

AAL5 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 VPI/VCI 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中

中 VC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 VC 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中中中中中 FEC F中中中中中中 VPI/VCI中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中 VPI/VCI 中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中 VPI/VCI 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
2.2.2.13 FECS 原原
中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FECS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Egress中中中中中中中中中中中 Egress
中中中中中中 FECS 中中中中中中中 FEC 中中中中中中中中中 FECS 中中中中中中 FECS 中中中中中 FEC 中中中中中中中中中A中中中中
中中 FEC中B中中中中中中 FECS 中C中中中中中A中中中中中中中中C中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR 中中中中 FECS 中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR RS 中中中 Ru 中中中 Rd 中 FECS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FECS 中中
中中 n 中中中中中中中中 m 中中中中n>m中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 n 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 m 中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 n 中中中中中中中中 m 中中中 n1中 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 n 中中中中中中中中中中 m 中中中中
2中 中中中 n 中中中中中中中中 m 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Egress 中中中中中 F 中中中中中中中中中 FEC 中中中中中中中
2.2.3 原原原原原原原原
中中中 L 中中中中中中中 FEC F中中中中 LSR Ru 中中中中中 LSR Rd 中中中中中中中中中 Rd 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中“中
中中中中中中中中中中中 NHLFE”中中中中中LSR 中中中中中中中中中 ILM中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 NHLFE中中

NHLFE 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中 LSR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC F中中中中 FTN中FEC 中 NHLFE 中中中中中中中中 FEC F 中中
中 NHLFE中中 NHLFE 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 中
中 22 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中 2.1 中中中中中中中中中中
LSR 中中

中中中中

中中中中中中
中中

中中中中
————
IP 中中

中中中中

ILM
————
FTN

中中 NHLFE

中中中中中中中
中中中

中中中中中

中中中中中中

中中中中中中

中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
2.2.3.1 原原原原原原原原原原原原 NHLFE
NHLFE 中中中中中中中中中中中
1中 中中中中中中中中
2中 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
A中 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
B中 中中中中中中中中中中中中
C中 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 K 中中中中中中中 K>0 中中中中中中中中 Ingress中
3中 中中中中中中中中中中中中
4中 中中中中中中中中中中
5中 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
2.2.3.2 原原原原原原 ILM
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 NHLFE中
2.2.3.3 FEC-TO-NHLFE 原原原 FTN
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 IP 中中中中中 FECS 中中 FEC 中中中 NHLFE中
2.2.3.4 原原原原原原
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 NHLFE中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Loop中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

中 23 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中

2.2.3.5 原原原原原原 TTL
中中中 IP 中中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中中中TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL=0 中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS 中中中中中
1中TTL 中中中中中中中中中中
2中TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSPS 中中LSPS 中中中中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中
中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中 MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中 TTL 中中中中中中 L2 中中中中中中中中
MPLS-ATM 中 MPLS-FR 中中中中中中中中中 L2 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中
中中中中 TTL 中中 LSRS 中中中中中 LSP 中中中中 TTL LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
LSRS 中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL LSP 中
中中中中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
2.2.3.6 原原原原
中中 TTL LSP 中中中中中中 TTL 中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL LSP 中中中中中
中 LSR 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 TTL LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
MPLS-ATM 中 MPLS-LDP 中中中中中中
2.2.3.7 原原原原原原
LSR Ru 中中中中中中中中中中中LSR Rd 中中中中中中 FEC F 中中中中中中中中中中中中 Rd 中中中 Ru 中中 FEC F 中中中中中
Ru 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Rd 中中中中 Ru 中 FEC F 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中 Rd 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中“中中中中中中中中”中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中“中中中中中中中中”中中中中
LSR 中中中中中中中中
2.2.3.8 原原原原原
中中中中中 Ru 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Rd 中中中 Ru 中 Rd 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Rd 中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Rd 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Ru 中 Rd 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中 24 中 中 34 中


中中中中中中中中中中中中 ATM 中

1中中中中中中中 中中中中中中中中中中中中 Ru 中 Rd 中中中中中中中中中中Ru 中中中中中中中Rd 中中中中中中中
2中中中中中中中

中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 Ru 中中中 Rd 中中中中中中中中中中Ru 中中中中中Rd 中中中中中中中中中中

中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
3中LSP 中中

中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP
R2……Rn>中R1 中中中中中中中中Rn 中中中中中中中中中中中“LSP 中中”中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 FEC中中中中中中 LSR 中中中中中中中中中 FEC中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSR 中中中中中中中中
中中“中中中中 LSP 中中”中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP中中中“中中中中 LSP 中中”中中中 LSP 中中中
中中中中中中中中中 LSP中
4中中中

中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP<R1 中R2 中R3 中R4>中R1 中中中中中中中 P中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

R2 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中R3 中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 R4 中 LSP
中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 R2 中 R3 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 P 中中中中中
LSRS 中中中<R1 中R2 中R21 中R22 中R23 中R3 中R4 >中中 P 中中 R1 中 R2 中中中中中中中 1中中 R2 中中中中中中中中中 P 中中中中中
中中R2 中中中中 R3 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 1中中中中中中中中 R21 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 2中中 R21 中R22
中R23 中中中中中中中中中中中中中R23 中<R2 中R21 中R22 中R23 中R3 >中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 R3 中R3 中中 P
中中 1 中中中中中中中中 P 中中中 LSP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中 P 中中中 R4 中中 R4 中中中中中中中中中
5中LDP 中中中中中

中中中中中中 LDP 中 LSRS 中中中中中中中中 LSPS 中中中 LSR 中中中/FEC 中中中中中中中中中中中中

中中中中中
LSR 中中中中中中中/FEC 中中中中中中中中 LDP 中中中中中中 LDP 中中中 LSR 中中中中中 LDP 中中中中中中中中中中中中中
中中
中中中中中 P 中 1 中 LSP<R1 中R2 中R3 中R4 >中中中中中中 R2 中 R3 中中中 2 中 LSP<R2 中R21 中R22 中R23 中R3 >中中中
中 2 中 LSP 中中中中中中R2 中中中中 R21 中中 1 中 LSP 中中中中中R2 中中中中 R1 中 R3 中中中中中中中中中中中中中 LDP 中中中中中中
中中R2 中 R21 中中中 IGP中中中中中中中中中中中中中 R2 中 R3 中中中中中中中中中 LSR 中 IGP 中中中中中中中中中中 LDP 中中中中中
中中中中中中中中中中 R2 中 R21 中中中 LDP 中中中R2 中 R3 中中中 LDP 中中中
MPLS 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中

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