reported speech grammar

REPORTED SPEECH
ÁP DỤNG CHO CÁC LOẠI TƯỜNG THUẬT
Direct speech

Reported speech

today

that day

tonight

that night

tomorrow

the next day / the following day

yesterday

the day before / the previous day

ago

before

now

then

next / on Tuesday

the next / following Tuesday

last Tuesday

the previous Tuesday / the Tuesday before

the day after tomorrow

in two days’ time / two days later

this

that

these

those

this / that

the

here

there

Direct speech

Reported speech

Should

should

must

had to

will / shall

would / should

am / is / are going to

was / were going to

present simple

past simple

present continuous

past continuous

past continuous

past perfect continuous

present perfect

past perfect

past simple

past perfect


must

had to

can

could

1. Reported commands (tường thuật mệnh lệnh)
 Dấu Hiệu: V1 , PLEASE V1 , DON’T V1 ,..... đứng đầu câu.

(+) S +

told/asked

+ O

(-) S

told/asked

+

+

+ to-infinitive.

O +

not to-infinitive.

 More Exercises
1. “Open the door,” he said to them.
- He told them................................................................... ...........................................................
2. “Bring it back if it doesn’t fit”, I said to her.
-

I

told... ............................................................................ ...........................................................
3. “Don’t try to open it now,” she said to us.
-

She

told... ........................................................................ ..........................................................
4. “Don’t stay out late, Ann” Tom said.
- Tom told Ann... ............................................................... ..........................................................
5. “Please let me borrow your car,” he said to her.
-

He

asked... ........................................................................ .........................................................
6. Don’t leave the window open, Mary”, I said.
- I told Mary.... ................................................................... .......................................................


7. “Don’t keep the door locked,” he said to us.
- He told us.... ................................................................... .......................................................
8. “Don’t use too much hot water,” she said to us.
- She asked us.... .............................................................. .......................................................
9. “Don’t do it again,” she said to them.
- She told them.................................................................. .......................................................
10. “Don’t get your shoes dirty, boys,” she said.
- She told.......................................................................... .......................................................

2.

Reported questions:(tường thuật câu hỏi)

 Dấu Hiệu: có dấu chấm hỏi cuối câu.

•

Yes / No questions: Are you......, Do you......., Did you......, Can I/you .......

S+

asked (+ O)

+ if / whether + S + V.

wanted to know
wondered

* Lưu ý: Khi tường thuật câu hỏi Có hay Không (Yes - No questions), ta phải chuyển câu
hỏi trực tiếp sang dạng khẳng định, rồi thực hiện thay đổi thì, trạng từ chỉ thời gian, trạng từ
chỉ nơi chốn, đại từ chỉ định, và chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, đại từ sở hữu cho phù hợp.
*

says / say to + O => asks / ask + O
said to + O => asked + O
•

Wh-questions: What......, Which......., Where....., ........


S+

asked (+ O)

+ Wh-words + S + V.

wanted to know
wondered

*

says / say to + O => asks / ask + O
said to + O => asked + O
 More Exercises

1. “Where are you going?” he asked her.
- He asked her where......................................................... ..............................................
2. “Which way did they go?” he asked.
- He asked... ...................................................................... ..............................................
3. “Is it going to be a fine day today?” I asked her.
- I asked her.....................................................................................................................
4. “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked.
- The girl wanted to know... ...........................................................................................
5. “What are you going to do next summer?” she asked.
- She asked us.... ................................................................... ..............................................
6. “Can I sit beside you, Jean?” Tom asked.
- Tom asked Jean.................................................................. ..............................................
7. “How long are you going to stay?” I asked him.
- I asked him how long.... .............................................. .............................................. ......


8. “Are you going by train?” she asked me.
- She wanted to know.... .................................................. ..............................................
9. “ Did Mr Brown send the potatoes to you?” she asked.
- She asked....................................................................... ..............................................
10. “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter.
- Peter asked if ....................................................................... ..............................................
3.

Reported statements: (tường thuật mệnh lệnh)

S + say(s) / said + (that) + S + V

*

says/say to + O => tells / tell + O
said to + O => told + O

 More Exercises
1. “He’s not at home”, she said.
- She said that... ................................................................. .....................................
2. “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said.
- She said that...
3. “I’ll pay him if I can” she said.
- She said that... ................................................................... .....................................
4. “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack.
- He told Jack that.... ............................................................. .....................................


5. “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said.
- He said that.... ................................................................... .....................................
6. “I’ve seen the film three times, Mary” said George.
- George said............................................................................................ .................
7. “Breakfast will not be served after 9. 30” said the notice.
- The notice said that.............................................................................. .................
8. She said to me:"I can't do it by myself"
- She told me that......................................................................................................
9. "I have just received a postcard from my sister," my friend said to me.
- My friend told me.....................................................................................................
10. "This story happened long ago" he said.
- He said...................................................................................................................