Summary of PhD thesis: Applications of enterprise resource planning (ERP) of retail enterprises in the world: Lessons learned and solutions for Vietnamese enterprises in the context of

MINISTRY OF TRAINING AND EDUCATION
FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY

SUMMARY OF PHD THESIS

APPLICATIONS OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING
(ERP) OF RETAIL ENTERPRISES IN THE WORLD:
LESSONS LEARNED AND SOLUTIONS FOR VIETNAMESE
ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF COMPETITION AND
INNOVATION GROWTH MODEL

Discipline: Business and Management

NGUYEN THI HONG VAN

HANOI - 2019


MINISTRY OF TRAINING AND EDUCATION
FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY

SUMMARY OF PHD THESIS

APPLICATIONS OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING
(ERP) OF RETAIL ENTERPRISES IN THE WORLD:
LESSONS LEARNED AND SOLUTIONS FOR VIETNAMESE
ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF COMPETITION AND
INNOVATION GROWTH MODEL

Discipline: Business and Management
Major: Business Administration

Code number: 9340101 62.34.01.02

NGUYEN THI HONG VAN
Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pham Thi Hong Yen
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Van Thoan

HANOI - 2019


LIST OF PUBLICATIONS
1. Nguyễn Văn Thoan và Nguyễn Thị Hồng Vân, 2015, Kinh nghiệm quản
lý website thương mại điện tử của một số doanh nghiệp trên thế giới và bài học
kinh nghiệm cho các doanh nghiệp Việt Nam,
Tạp chí Khoa học Thương
mại số 77+78, tháng 1,2/2015
2. Nguyễn Văn Thoan và Nguyễn Thị Hồng Vân, 2015, Nghiên cứu
trường hợp FresDirect và bài học kinh nghiệm cho các doanh nghiệp bán lẻ
trực tuyến Việt Nam, Tạp chí Khoa học Thương mại số 82+83, tháng 6,7/2015
3. Nguyễn Văn Thoan và Nguyễn Thị Hồng Vân, 2017, Một số giải pháp
ứng dụng các công cụ thương mại điện tử nhằm đẩy mạnh bán lẻ trực tuyến tại
Việt Nam, Tạp chí Kinh tế đối ngoại, số 95, tháng 6 năm 2017
4. Phạm Thị Hồng Yến và Nguyễn Thị Hồng Vân, 2017, Ứng dụng quản
trị nguồn lực doanh nghiệp (ERP) tại các doanh nghiệp bán lẻ Việt Nam, Tạp
chí Kinh tế Châu Á – Thái Bình Dương, số 504, tháng 10 năm 2017
5. Nguyễn Thị Hồng Vân, 2018, Một số giải pháp nhằm ứng dụng các mơ
hình mới của thương mại điện tử trong lĩnh vực du lịch của Việt Nam trong bối
cảnh cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0, Tạp chí Kinh tế đối ngoại, số 107, tháng 8
năm 2018
6. Nguyễn Thị Hồng Vân, 2018, Doanh nghiệp bán lẻ Việt Nam trong bối
cảnh cạnh tranh và đổi mới mơ hình tăng trưởng, Tạp chí Cơng thương, số 12,

tháng 9 năm 2018
7. Nguyễn Văn Thoan và Nguyễn Thị Hồng Vân, 2018, Kinh nghiệm phát
triển Nông nghiệp thông minh tại Nhật Bản và bài học cho Việt Nam trong bối
cảnh cách mạng Cơng nghiệp 4.0, Tạp chí Kinh tế đối ngoại, số 110, tháng 10
năm 2018
8. Nguyễn Thị Hồng Vân, 2019, Xu hướng và khả năng ứng dụng công
nghệ Blockchain trong chuỗi cung ứng hàng nông sản trong thời đại cách
mạng cơng nghiệp 4.0, Tạp chí Kinh tế đối ngoại, số 114, tháng 2 năm 2019


INTRODUCTION
1. Rationale of the topic
Vietnam has fully opened its retail market since January 11,
2015, making the retail market more exciting than ever. Foreign retail
businesses with advantages in capital, technology, and modern
management methods create great challenges for Vietnamese retail
businesses. In addition, the retail market also tends to develop modern
retail channels, online retail, integrated multi-channel retail,
convenience stores creating a new face of the market. retail and
increased pressure on traditional retail channels. Many foreign
retailers, especially in the modern retail sector, such as Aeon (Japan),
Lotte (Korea), Central Group (Thailand) have been expanding their
activities in Vietnam market through M&A. If there are no significant
changes in improving the efficiency of resource management, many
Vietnamese retail businesses will soon fail in the domestic market.
To overcome these challenges, retail businesses need to increase
the application of modern management tools to improve the efficiency
of resource management, provide timely reports to help leaders make
timely decisions. . In particular, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
is the information and management technology solution for businesses

in optimizing the efficiency of use, exploiting the resources of
enterprise. In the world, especially in developed countries like the
United States, Britain, Germany and Japan ... the application of
enterprise resource planning (ERP) at retail businesses has become
popular. The world's leading businesses in the retail sector such as
Walmart, Amazon, Costco have all deployed ERP and considered it an

1


information system that plays a decisive role in the success of the
operation and management of retail operations.
In Vietnam, enterprise resource planning ERP has been
mentioned since 2000, however, the implementation of ERP
applications in Vietnamese enterprises, especially retail businesses is
still very limited. Specifically, about 11% of Vietnam's retail
businesses have applied ERP. Only large-scale enterprises, large
capital, and large quantities of goods can implement ERP systems
such as SaigonCoop, Nguyen Kim, Tran Anh, Mobile World.
Moreover, foreign-invested retail businesses have the advantage of
deploying ERP applications from their parent companies overseas,
which also puts pressure on Vietnam's retail businesses. In the context
of increasingly fierce competition in the domestic retail market,
Vietnam's retail businesses need to make rapid changes to survive on
the domestic market in the context of competition and tissue
innovation. growth picture. Therefore, studying the experience of ERP
application of retailers in the world from which to draw lessons and
proposing appropriate solutions for Vietnamese retailers is necessary.
and have practical value. Therefore, "Applications of enterprise
resource planning (ERP) of retail enterprises in the world: lessons

learned and solutions for Vietnamese enterprises in the context of
competition and innovation growth model" is proposed as the title of
my PhD thesis.
2. Literature review of the topic
2.1. Oversea researches
In the world there have been many studies on issues related to
enterprise resource planning (ERP), an overview of research on ERP,
2


ERP project implementation process in enterprises, roles and impacts.
of ERP to business operations, critical success factors (CSFs) of ERP
projects, ERP development trends. Typical of which:
General research on ERP: Esteves and Pastor (2001), Al-Mashari
(2002), Moon (2007), Schlichter (2010) are typical studies that
provide statistical reports on studies and articles posted in specialized
ERP magazines. Studies on the impact of ERP implementation on
business operations, on market response to enterprises: Research by
Hayes et al (2001) on market response when companies announce
ERP implementation.
Studies on the application of ERP and ERP project implementation
process: a study by Marnewick et al (2005) provides a model to
explain the complexity of ERP systems for houses. manage in a nontechnical and understandable way. This study shows that ERP systems
are not only software but also business processes and management in
the enterprise.
2.2. Researches in Vietnam
In Vietnam, ERP studies have been mentioned by some authors
in recent years, typically as follows: An overview of enterprise
resource planning: books on information systems and e-commerce in
Vietnam have addressed the issues of enterprise resource planning

(ERP), typically Church Process Management Information System
(Tran Thi Song Minh, 2012), E-Commerce Curriculum (Tran Van
Hoe, 2010) is a valuable reference material for the thesis.
2.3. Research gap
From an overview of the research situation, it can be seen that
most of the research on ERP applications in enterprises comes from
3


foreign scientists and practical issues in countries such as the United
States and China. These studies mainly analyze enterprises in the
manufacturing industry, small and medium enterprises, have very little
research on retail businesses. There has not been much research
conducted in Vietnam on ERP applications, and there have been no
studies analyzing businesses in the retail industry. Therefore, the gap
for ERP application research in retail businesses in Vietnam is huge.
3. Research objectives and Research questions:
The purpose of the thesis is to propose solutions and recommendations
to enhance ERP application in Vietnamese enterprises. In order to
achieve the research purpose set out, the thesis must solve the
following specific research tasks:
- Clarify theoretical issues of enterprise resource planning (ERP),
application of enterprise resource planning (ERP) in retail businesses
and the need for enterprise resource planning applications (ERP) in
retail businesses in the context of competition and innovation growth
model.
- Study the experience of applying enterprise resource planning (ERP)
in retail businesses in the world, with typical successes and failures in
a number of retail businesses in the United States, China, and
Thailand. , and Canada.

- Evaluate the situation of application of enterprise resource planning
(ERP) of Vietnamese retail businesses in the context of competition
and innovation of growth model.
- Proposing solutions for retail businesses and proposing to state
management agencies to enhance ERP application in retail businesses

4


in Vietnam in the context of competition and innovation of growth
model.
In order to carry out the research tasks of the thesis, the PhD student
answers the research questions of the thesis including:
- What are the benefits of ERP systems for retail businesses?
- How do retail businesses in the world deploy ERP?
- What are the lessons that Vietnamese businesses can learn?
- How has Vietnamese retailer applied ERP?
- What do Vietnamese businesses need to do to enhance ERP
application?
- What measures should the State authorities take to promote ERP
application in retail businesses?
From the research questions, after conducting an overview study, the
PhD student presents the hypotheses and research models, the specific
content is presented in chapter 3 in the thesis.
4. Subjects and scope of research:
4.1. Research subjects
The research object of the thesis is the experience of applying
enterprise resource planning (ERP) of retail businesses in the world,
lessons and solutions for Vietnamese retail businesses in the context
of competition and Innovation growth model.

4.2. Research scope
Regarding the content: In the framework of the doctoral thesis, the
scope of research is limited to retail businesses doing business in
series. Specifically, the dissertation analyzes the experience of
application of enterprise resource planning (ERP) in a number of retail

5


businesses doing business in typical chains in the world including:
Walmart, Amazon, Nordstrom, Wumart, MC Group, and Target.
In the analysis of the status of application of enterprise resource
planning (ERP) in Vietnamese retail enterprises, the thesis also limits
the study of enterprise resource planning (ERP) from 2000 to 2018,
vision to 2030.
5. Research method
5.1. Qualitative and quantitative research methods
Qualitative research method: The thesis uses methods in qualitative
research including: observing, analyzing content based on secondary
data and in-depth interviews to consult experts on research issues save
(Berg, 2001; Salkind, 2009).
Quantitative research method: The thesis uses enterprise survey
method to test the model of factors affecting the application of ERP in
retail businesses in Vietnam. The method used by PhD students in
quantitative research is to test the scale by Cronbach's Alpha
coefficient, EFA factor analysis and regression correlation analysis to
determine model building and model verification. ERP applications in
retail businesses.
5.2. Methods of collecting and processing data
The data used in the thesis include primary and secondary data.

Primary data is collected from expert interviews and enterprise
surveys. Secondary data is aggregated from articles published in
specialized journals on e-commerce, technology, business and
management; textbooks, monographs on e-commerce, ERP, and
industrial revolution 4.0.

6


Methods of data collection and processing in the thesis are used
including

content

analysis

method

in

qualitative

research

(Krippendorf, 1980), and EFA factor analysis method and multi
regression analysis. turn on SPSS software 20.
5.2.1. Content analysis method
Content analysis method: technology to "determine orientation,
discovery, and prediction according to the intent of the study"
(Krippendorf, 1980). Fellows use intentional survey, prediction or

reasoning methods, set the content of analytical data in context and
purposeful analysis, in particular Research students use content
analysis techniques to analyze ERP application situations in foreign
retail businesses.
Methods of synthesis, analysis, comparison and comparison: are
methods combined with content analysis method to combine
theoretical basis, research overview, and experimental results
(Krippendorf, 1980). . The data used includes primary data (through
surveys, interviews) and secondary data (eCommerce reports, IT
reports, corporate reports).
5.2.2. Inspection of Cronbach’s Alpha scale, EFA discovery factor
analysis and multivariate regression
PhD student using SPSS 20 software in quantitative research method,
using methods of testing Cronbach's Alpha scale, factor analysis of
EFA discovery and multivariate regression to verify research model (
Hoang Trong and Chu Nguyen Mong Ngoc, 2008).
5.2.2.1. Inspection of Cronbach’s Alpha scale
The researcher uses Cronbach's Alpha method (or "type of garbage")
to eliminate inappropriate variables in the quantitative research model
7


because these variables can create false factors when manure EFA
(Salkind, 2009). The meaning of the Cronback’s Alpha coefficient is
to reflect the close correlation between the observed variables in the
same factor, which has a variable value in paragraph [0; 1].
5.2.2.2. EFA discovery factor analysis method
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method helps to evaluate two
important values of scale as convergence value and discrimination
value (Salkind, 2009). Fellows use the EFA method to shorten the set

of observed variables into meaningful factors.
5.2.2.3. Multivariate regression analysis
The PhD student uses the multivariate regression analysis method in
SPSS to test the research model, to determine the specific weight of
each independent factor affecting the dependence factor from which
the equation is given. regression (Nguyen, 2015). This method allows
determining the degree of influence of each independent factor on the
dependent factor. Based on the multivariate regression results, the
researcher determined the level of influence between the independent
variables through the Standardized Coefficients, and built the
regression

model

based

on

the

unqualified

coefficient.

(Unstandardized Coefficients) (Nguyen, 2015).
- In terms of practicality: first, the thesis has generalized the status of
ERP application in retail businesses in the world. Secondly, the thesis
has synthesized and analyzed the experience of ERP application in
some typical retail businesses using the model framework of factors
affecting the application of enterprise resource planning (ERP) in the

Retail businesses and draw lessons for Vietnamese retail businesses.
Third, the thesis has generalized the practical implementation of ERP
8


in Vietnam retail enterprises in the period from 2000 to 2018, before
and in the context of competition and innovation growth model in
Vietnam. Fourth, the thesis has evaluated the model of factors
affecting the application of enterprise resource planning (ERP) in
retail businesses in Vietnam in the context of competition and
innovation of growth models. , assess the reliability of the scale and
test hypotheses. Fifth, the PhD student has proposed solutions and
recommendations to promote ERP application in Vietnamese
enterprises, helping Vietnamese retail businesses improve their
competitiveness in the context of innovation model.
6. New contributions of the thesis
New academic contributions: firstly, the thesis has systematized the
theoretical basis of enterprise resource planning (ERP), ERP
applications in retail businesses, and the necessity of ERP applications
in retail businesses in the context of competition and innovation
growth model. Secondly, the thesis has built a model of factors
affecting the application of enterprise resource management (ERP) in
retail businesses.
New findings and proposals of the thesis: First, the thesis has
generalized the status of ERP applications in retail businesses in the
world. Secondly, the thesis has synthesized and analyzed ERP
application experience in some typical retail businesses in the world.
Researchers use a model framework to influence the application of
enterprise resource management (ERP) to analyze the ERP application
experience of retail businesses in the world and draw 05 lessons

experience for Vietnamese retail businesses. Third, the thesis has
generalized the practical implementation of ERP in Vietnam retail
9


enterprises in the period from 2000 to 2018, before and in the context
of competition and innovation growth model in Vietnam. Fourth, the
thesis has evaluated the model of factors affecting the applications of
enterprise resource management (ERP) in retail businesses in Vietnam
in the context of competition and innovation of growth models. ,
assess the reliability of the scale and test hypotheses. Fifth, the PhD
student has proposed solutions and recommendations to promote ERP
applications in Vietnam retail businesses in the context of competition
and innovation of growth model.
7. Structure of the thesis
In addition to the list of tables, pictures, references, appendices,
introduction and conclusion, the main content of the thesis consists of
3 chapters.
Chapter 1: Enterprise resource planning and the necessity of applying
corporate resource management of retail businesses in the context of
competition and innovation of growth models
Chapter 2: Experience of enterprise resource planning (ERP)
applications in retail businesses around the world
Chapter 3: Current situation of enterprise resource planning
applications in retail enterprises in Vietnam in the context of
competition and innovation of growth model
Chapter 4: Solutions and recommendations to strengthen enterprise
resource planning applications of retail businesses in Vietnam.

10

CHAPTER 1: CORPORATE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
AND

THE

NECESSITY

ENTERPRISE
ENTERPRISES

OF

RESOURCE
IN

THE

APPLICATION

PLANNING

COMPETITIVE

OF

OF

RETAIL

CONTEXT

AND

INNOVATION GROWTH MODEL
1.1. Overview of enterprise resource planning (ERP)
1.1.1. The concept of enterprise resource planning (ERP)
Enterprise resource planning, also known as enterprise resource
planning (ERP) is a widely used term with two approaches: from a
management perspective. and on a technical perspective.
1.1.2. Enterprise resource planning models
Based on the tools used in enterprise resource planning, the PhD
student divides the models of corporate resource management into 3
levels as follows:
-

Paper-based management of

paper resources

(paper-based

management)
- Enterprise resource planning on computers (computer-based
management)
- Enterprise resource planning using ERP software
1.1.3. Development history of enterprise resource planning (ERP)
1.1.4. Classification of enterprise resource planning software (ERP)
1.1.5. ERP project implementation methods

1.1.6. Process of enterprise resource planning (ERP) application in the
enterprise

11


1.2. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) application in retail
businesses
1.2.1. Concept and classification of retail businesses
1.2.2. Characteristics of the resource management system in retail
businesses
- ERP system for retail businesses has flexibility and scalability due to
the business characteristics of the distribution industry, retail is
constantly expanding: more shops, more products in large quantities,
species.
1.2.3. Benefits

and limitations of ERP applications in retail

businesses
The effective ERP resource management system will support retail
businesses in standardizing the transaction processing process for
better data sharing and information management, while providing
measurement indicators. performance for analytical processes and
decision making (Al-Mashari, 2002).
1.2.4. Conditions for deploying enterprise resource planning (ERP) in
retail businesses
The thesis refers to the model of TOE technology application
(Tornatzky and Fleischer, 1990) and the theory of successful
determinants CSFs (Rockhart, 1979) to analyze the factors affecting

the application of resource management. Enterprise (ERP) at retail
businesses.
1.1.5. Evaluate the effectiveness of enterprise resource planning
(ERP) applications in retail businesses
12


1.3. Competitive context and innovation of growth model in
Vietnam and the necessity of ERP application in retail businesses
1.3.1. Competitive context and innovation growth model in Vietnam
1.3.2. The necessity of applying enterprise resource planning (ERP) in
retail businesses in the context of competition and innovation of
growth models
1.3.2.1. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) application helps retail
businesses improve their competitiveness, participate in global supply
chains
1.3.2.2. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) application helps retail
businesses adapt to the process of innovation of economic growth
model.
1.4. Model of factors affecting the application of enterprise resource
planning (ERP) in retail businesses
Based on the analysis of theoretical concepts and previous research
findings, the thesis presents the proposed research model as Figure
1.7.
The research model proposes to build 3 groups of factors affecting the
application of enterprise resource planning (ERP) in retail businesses
including:

Technology

access

capacity

of

retail

businesses,

Characteristics organization of retail business, Requirements of
competitive business environment and growth model innovation.
SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 1
In chapter 1, the thesis analyzes the general issues of enterprise
resource planning, enterprise resource planning applications in retail
13


businesses, and the necessity of joint resource management
applications. Industry (ERP) in retail businesses in the context of
competition and innovation growth model. Inheriting studies of
applying technology acceptance model (TOE), key success factor
(CSFs), the thesis has developed a research model proposed to analyze
the factors affecting the application. Enterprise resource planning
(ERP) in retail businesses.

CHAPTER 2: EXPERIENCE OF APPLICATION OF
ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) AT RETAIL
ENTERPRISES IN THE WORLD
2.1. Overview of the current status of enterprise resource

planning (ERP) in retail businesses in the world
The largest retail market in the world is the United States, estimating
2/3 of US GDP comes from retail industry, the total value of retail
sales in the United States in 2016 is estimated at nearly 5 trillion
dollars, mostly Retail sales in the United States come from traditional
retail, retailing e-commerce (B2C) only accounts for 7.1% (Laudon,
2017). Although rated as the world's most developed e-commerce
market, this rate in Europe reached 7.5% and in Asia reached 10.2%
(Turban, 2017). Leading retailers in the United States also reached the
top position in the top 10 largest retailers worldwide with names such
as Wal-Mart, Costco, Kroger, Amazon, and Walgreen.
2.1.1. Overview of the development of businesses in the world's
largest retail markets
14


2.1.2. Overview of the development of modern retail channels
2.1.2.1. Specialized and specialized stores
2.1.2.2. Integrated multi-channel retail (Omni channel retail)
2.1.2.3. Auto retail store
2.1.3. Status of enterprise resource planning software (ERP) for retail
businesses in the world
2.2. Experience the application of enterprise resource planning (ERP)
in a number of retail businesses around the world
2.2.1. Experience Walmart's successful enterprise resource planning
(ERP) application in the United States
2.2.2. Experience Amazon's successful enterprise resource planning
(ERP) application in the United States
2.2.3. Experience Nordstrom's successful enterprise resource planning
(ERP) application in the United States

2.2.4. Experience Wumart's successful enterprise resource planning
(ERP) application in China
2.2.5. Experience the successful enterprise resource planning (ERP)
application of MC Group in Thailand
2.2.6. Experience Target's enterprise resource planning (ERP) failure
in Canada
2.3. Lesson learned about enterprise resource planning (ERP)
application of retail businesses in the world
2.3.1. The application of enterprise resource planning (ERP) in retail
businesses is very difficult and expensive but can be implemented and
is an inevitable trend.
15


2.3.2. Enterprises need to develop a clear and specific strategy of
applying enterprise resource planning (ERP)
2.3.3. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) application requires high
determination of business management
2.3.4. Retail businesses need to invest appropriately in enterprise
resource planning (ERP) applications.
2.3.5. Enterprises need to assess the application of enterprise resource
planning (ERP) and continually upgrade according to technology
trends
SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 2:
In chapter 2, the thesis analyzed situations of enterprise resource
planning (ERP) in some typical retail enterprises in the world
including Walmart, Amazon, Nordstrom, Wumart, MC Group, and
Target based on the proposed research framework. Since then, the
thesis shows the lessons from the success and failure experiences of
retail businesses in the world. At the same time, through the analysis

of factors affecting the application of enterprise resource planning
(ERP) in a number of retail businesses around the world, PhD students
have assessed the importance of individuals. The factor of success and
failure of ERP project is a premise for completing research model in
chapter 3 of the thesis.

16


CHAPTER 3: CURRENT SITUATION OF APPLICATION OF
ENTERPRISE

RESOURCES

MANAGEMENT

IN

VIETNAMESE RETAIL ENTERPRISES IN COMPETITIVE
CONTEXT AND INNOVATION GROWTH MODEL
3.1. Actual situation of enterprises and retail market in Vietnam
in the context of competition and innovation of growth model
In the 2010 period up to now, there have been major changes in the
market according to the trend of developing modern retail channels,
especially online retail and multi-channel retail. Businesses also
actively bring new experiences to customers by promoting new
ordering methods and electronic payments on smartphones and mobile
devices.
3.2. Current status of ERP application in Vietnamese retail
businesses

3.2.1. Scale of ERP applications in retail businesses
3.2.2. ERP solution providers in the retail sector in Vietnam
3.2.3. Current status of enterprise resource planning (ERP) application
in some retail businesses in Vietnam
3.2.3.1. The reality of successful application of enterprise resource
planning (ERP) in TP. Ho Chi Minh (Saigon Co.op)
3.2.3.2. The reality of successful enterprise resource planning (ERP)
application at Nguyen Kim Commercial Joint Stock Company
3.2.4. Current status of ERP application in Vietnamese retail
businesses
3.2.4.1. These achievements
17


3.2.4.2. Limitations and reasons
3.3. Model of factors affecting ERP application in Vietnamese
retail businesses
3.3.1. Research model and hypothesis
Based on the results of the study of general theory, experience in the
world, and practicality in the application of enterprise resource
planning (ERP) in Vietnamese retail enterprises, the researcher
reassesses the research model. Save the proposal to be able to model
the factors affecting ERP application in Vietnamese retail businesses.
Hypothesis of model and hypothesis base:
H1: Enterprise's technological capacity positively influences the
success of ERP application in retail businesses
H2: The size of enterprises positively affects the success of ERP
application in retail businesses
H3: Enterprise IT application strategy positively affects the success of
ERP application in retail businesses

H4: Commitment of business leaders to ERP projects positively
affects the success of ERP application in retail businesses
H5: State policy positively affects the success of ERP application in
retail businesses
H6: Competitive pressure of retail market positively affects the
success of ERP application in retail businesses.
3.3.2. Results of quantitative analysis
Fellows conduct a second enterprise survey with enterprises that have
applied ERP in order to test the research model to evaluate the
18


operation of ERP applications in Vietnamese retail enterprises. The
research results are as follows:
1) Analysis of Cronbach's Alpha reliability in SPSS
The test results show that the observed variables have appropriate total
correlation coefficients.
2) EFA discovery factor analysis in SPSS
The second EFA result reaches KMO value = 0.719, reliability of Sig
<0.5% has statistical value, extracting 6 observed variable groups
corresponding to 6 elements of the research model. PhD students
conduct multivariate regression analysis to test the influence of each
factor.
3) Multivariate regression analysis
Based on the results of the second EFA analysis, the observed
variables converge into 6 groups, studying the Mean fertility of these
6 groups to get the value of 6 independent variables: Technology
capacity (Congnghe), Quy business models (Quymo), People
(Connguoi), Strategy (Chienluoc), Government policies (Chinhsach),
Competitive pressure (Context); simultaneously calculate Mean of the

ERP1 to ERP5 group to get the value of the dependent variable ERP.
Candidates using EFA analysis results and multivariate regression to
test hypotheses have been concluded as: H1, H3, HH4, H4 hypotheses
are accepted, rejecting hypotheses H3 and H6.
The non-standardized regression equation has the following form:
ERPthanhcong = 0.152 * Congnghe + 0.152 * Chinhsach + 0.217 *
Chienluoc + 0.394 * Connguoi
19


SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 3:
Chapter 3 presents the current status of Vietnamese retail businesses
in the context of competition and innovation of growth models, the
status and experience of enterprise resource planning (ERP)
applications in some businesses. Vietnam retail. In this chapter, the
thesis also presents research model, research hypothesis and
quantitative analysis results of testing research model of enterprise
resource planning (ERP) in Vietnamese retail enterprises. Male in the
context of competition and innovation growth model. Through the
analysis of empirical survey results (expert interviews and enterprise
surveys), the dissertation explains the factors determining the
application of enterprise resource planning (ERP) in retail businesses.
that is the capacity of technology capacity, the strategy of applying IT
and people (including senior leaders, employees, and human resources
of ERP projects) and the State's support policies.

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CHAPTER 4: SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO

IMPROVE
RESOURCE

THE

APPLICATION

PLANNING

AT

OF

ENTERPRISE

VIETNAMESE

RETAIL

ENTERPRISES
4.1. Trends in enterprise resource planning applications in
Vietnamese retail businesses in the context of competition and
innovation of growth models
4.1.1. Development trend of Vietnamese retail businesses
4.1.2. Trend of developing enterprise resource planning applications
(ERP)
4.1.2.1. Promote development on cloud computing platform in
enterprise resource planning
4.1.2.2. Strengthen development on mobile platforms in management
and supply, products

4.1.2.3. Trend of integrating social networks in ERP systems
4.1.2.4. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) application is combined
with Blockchain technology
4.1.3. Opportunities and challenges for Vietnamese retail businesses
in the context of competition and innovation of growth models
4.2. Solutions to enhance ERP enterprise resource planning
application in Vietnamese retail businesses
4.2.1. Develop a strategy of information technology application in
enterprises
4.2.2. Training human resources to deploy and operate ERP systems

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4.2.3. Change business processes towards modernity and meet
international standards
4.2.4. Standardize ERP project management process
4.2.5. Select ERP software technology suitable for the conditions of
the business
4.3. Some recommendations
SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 4
Chapter 4 of the thesis has pointed out trends in application of
enterprise resource planning (ERP) of retail businesses in the context
of competition and innovation of growth model, and opportunities and
challenges for with retail businesses. The thesis also proposes
solutions

for

retail

businesses,

policy

implications

and

recommendations for state management agencies to enhance
application of enterprise resource planning (ERP).

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