Summary of dissertation Doctor of Economics: Sustainable development of Vietnam''s rattan and bamboo handicrafts in international intergration

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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING
ECONOMIC UNIVERSITY AT HCMC
----\ž[----

LÊ VĂN CÀNH

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
OF VIETNAM 'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO
HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL
INTERGRATION

Major:

Political Economics

Code:

9310102

SUMMARY OF DISSERTATION DOCTOR
OF ECONOMICS

HOCHIMINH CITY, July 2019


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PREAMBLE
1. REASONS FOR CHOOSING THE THESIS

Handicraft products in which bamboo and rattan products are a very special industry,
capable of recognizing the era, reflecting the development of a nation. Therefore, rattan and
bamboo handicrafts have both economic value and cultural and spiritual values. Promoting
the export of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts not only brings foreign currency
to the exporting country but also serves as a bridge to introduce and exchange culture of this
ethnic group with other peoples in the world.
Developing handicrafts and bamboo and rattan products in rural areas not only contributes to
local budgets but also brings income to people in the region, contributing to create jobs and promote
the process agricultural labor shift. In Vietnam, the village of bamboo and rattan making accounts for
24% of the total handicraft villages. The sector of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts
operates under a processing mechanism, using the main seasonal labor, so it is possible to mobilize a
lot of labor for certain orders. Training costs are usually small and time-consuming, so creating a job
in the handicraft industry is not as expensive as in other industries. In the labor structure working at
enterprises, according to the survey, there are up to 71.39% of laborers mobilized on the spot;
24.11% from neighboring communes and only 4.5% from other districts. Many businesses, although
operating at the household level, have paid a tax rate of over VND 10 million per household to the
local budget. In addition, business establishments also make major contributions to the construction
of rural infrastructure (roads, health stations, schools…). This is the advantage of handicraft industry
and bamboo and rattan products. However, its development is not sustainable because the reverse
side of producing handicraft and rattan products will greatly affect the ecosystem and environmental
pollution. If not well managed, the development of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts will
have negative impacts on the economy and society.
The 11th Party Congress also defined the socio-economic development strategy for
2011-2020 as "The strategy continues to promote industrialization, modernization and rapid
and sustainable development; promoting the strength of the whole nation, building our
country to become a socialist-oriented industrialized country”. In particular, the view of rapid
development associated with sustainable development is a requirement throughout. This view
has also been reiterated at the 12th Party Congress and towards the United Nations'
sustainable development goals by 2030.
From the current situation and the requirement of rapid development associated with

sustainable development, the author decided to choose the topic: "Sustainable development
of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts in international integration" as a dissertation
doctor of Political Economics.
2. OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH WORKS RELATED TO THE THESIS
i. Overseas research projects
Research "Greening Value Chains for Sustainable Handicrafts Production in Vietnam"
by United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), 2013 and Research
"Sustainable development and climate change in Vietnam: data and fertilizers data ”by Koos
Neefjes, Climate Change Policy Advisor, UNDP Vietnam, March 15, 2012 mentioned three


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key issues that the Vietnamese handicraft industry needs to refer to in the process of
delivering developing the industry in a sustainable way: (i) Introducing the green value chain
for sustainable production of Vietnamese handicrafts starting from the collection of materials,
processing, production, transport and export. password (ii) It is proposed to protect, harvest
and use rattan, bamboo and rush materials in the nature in a sustainable way to ensure the
handicraft and fine arts industries in the present and for future generations. (iii) Developing a
strategy to combine the exploitation of human resources, cultural resources, and creativity to
create sustainable development for Vietnamese handicraft goods.
The work: "An introduction to sustainable development" by Jennifer A. Elliott introducing
sustainable development; The Sustainability Report 2010, 2, 3309-3322 contains the article:
"Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment" by author Matthias Finkbeiner, Erwin M.Schau,
Annekatrin Lehmann and Marzia Traverso, under the Technische Universitat Berlin. sustainable
development, currently accepted by stakeholders as the guiding principle for both national policy
and strategic planning ”and the“ Do Global Attitudes and behaviors support development
development? ”Environment, Vol.47, No.9, November 2005, P.22-38 Does global attitudes and
behavior support sustainable development? Anthony A. Leisrowttz, Robert W. Kates and
Thomas M. Parris and the Journal "Journal of Environmental Management" No. 73 (2004) 357371, contains the article "Sustainability indicator system and policy processes in Malaysia: a

framework for utilizing and learning "of AA Hezri belongs to the Center for Research Resources
and Environment (CRES), Institute of Advanced Studies, National University of Australia.
These articles confirm that the limitations in implementing national sustainable development
measures are due to four main causes: (i) policy issues, (ii) technical capacity, (iii) )
communication concerns and (iv) knowledge gaps inherent in the community when faced with
their theoretical limitations. The authors of the articles suggest that such restrictions will be
encountered in many countries around the world.
ii. Domestic research projects
a. Studies on the production, business and export situation of Vietnam's handicraft industry
Article "Nam Bo (Southern) pottery – tradition and problems in the process of integration,
sustainable development", Science and Technology Development Magazine, 2013, Phi Ngoc
Tuyen affirmed to create sustainable development in the future, it is necessary to maintain and
promote the cultural value of Vietnam, to transfer the unique culture of Vietnam to the world
through Nam Bo pottery. Article "Solutions for sustainable development of traditional craft
villages in Vietnam for tourism", Scientific Journal, in 2012, Pham Xuan Hau and Trinh Van Anh
raised the advantage of Vietnam with more than 54 ethnic groups residing all over the territories,
therefore, when investing and exploiting strongly and rationally, it will contribute to increasing the
local national economic income, making the rural economic restructuring, improving the quality of
people's lives. Workers live in craft villages. The study "The project of developing handicraft
export in the period of 2011-2015" of Vietnam Rural Industry Research and Development Institute
has analyzed clearly that Vietnam's handicraft industry is facing a lot. Difficulties from which to
build specific objectives to improve export capacity of handicraft goods need to have a feasible
strategy to update with specific directions to meet the new situation to improve capacity
competition and export value of the sector in a sustainable way. Research "Trademark of


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Vietnamese traditional handicrafts" by Assoc Nguyen Huu Khai, MSc. Dao Ngoc Tien, 2006,
indicates the purpose of the project to equip some basic knowledge of branding; affirming

Vietnam's economic, cultural and national pride; At the same time, it proposed a construction
roadmap and some solutions for all levels to build and manage the brand for Vietnamese
handicrafts. Research "Building and developing the model of eco-tourism villages in a number of
northern northern delta provinces", a ministerial-level scientific project of the Ministry of
Education and Training, led by Prof.Dr. Hoang Van Chau is the editor, Hanoi, in 2006 highlighted
the scale, potential and necessity to build a model to develop craft villages to combine tourism to
contribute to sustainable economic development in some provinces in the North. Research "Market
development for handicraft and cottage villages in the Red River Delta in the current period".
Ministry-level scientific topic of Ho Chi Minh National Political Academy, led by Prof. Dr.
Chairman Tran Van Chu, Hanoi, in 2005 highlighted the development direction and solutions to
expand the market for handicraft villages in the Red River Delta towards industrialization and
modernization of the country. Research on "Some solutions to promote the export of Vietnamese
fine-art ceramics", the ministerial-level scientific research project and the project manager Doan
Thi Hong Van, in 2004 affirmed that there must be solutions on guidelines, policies and laws on
the exploitation and use of a scientific way of raw materials, technology, investment capital for
production and problems. market, environment and consumption, skill level of workers ... to boost
export of Vietnamese fine art ceramics in the future.
b. Studies on handicrafts, traditional occupations and environmental issues are
closely associated with handicraft industry
The authors in the study "Indicators for sustainable development", Proceedings of the 3rd
International Conference of Vietnam, Le Trinh Hai, Pham Hoang Hai, Nguyen Truong Khoa, Luc
Hens; Research "Vietnam craft villages and environment" by Assoc. Dr. Dang Kim Chi, Editor-inChief of Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi in 2005 and Research on "Environmental
Management for Sustainable Development", in 2000, performed by Luu Duc Hai and his colleagues
presented How to choose key indicators for sustainable development focuses primarily on
environmental and health aspects. Economic doctoral thesis "Sustainable development of traditional
craft villages in the Northern key economic region", in 2010, Bach Thi Lan Anh concluded that the
sustainable development of traditional craft villages must ensure the combination of broadcast
contents, sustainable development with economy and society. Article "Promoting Vietnamese
intellectual resources for sustainable development", Science Magazine, in 2010, Hoang Van Luan
mentioned the issue of Vietnam wants sustainable development to innovate and promote education

self-respect of the nation, determine the philosophy for education, vigorously innovate the
management of science and technology, perfect and strictly implement the law on protection of
intellectual property. The doctoral thesis "Sustainable economic development in Vietnam", in 2007,
proposed by Nguyen So Huu strengthen the restructuring of the economic sector in the integration
process, Vietnam needs to optimize the institutional economic policy and external economic
development. Project: "Study of craft industry development planning in the direction of
industrialization in Vietnam rural areas" by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Ministry
of Agriculture and Rural Development, Hanoi, year 2002. The elaborate research of the topic is the
overall planning and development of rural industries in Vietnam. Research "Building criteria for


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sustainable development at the national level in Vietnam – Phase I", in 2003 by the Institute of
Environment and Sustainable Development, Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations
conducted the works. The author has summarized the system of criteria for assessing the sustainable
development of a country, and also proposed a number of options for selecting specific sustainable
development criteria suitable for Vietnam to guide the development. economic development. Study
"Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) with sustainable development in the Red River Delta", Dr. Nguyen
Thi Thanh Mai, 2016. The author has a proposal drawn from the research results of the thesis is new
solutions and drastic measures to attract and use FDI so that FDI contributes more to sustainable
development of the Red River Delta region by 2010 and vision to 2030.
c. Studies on sustainable development of sector
Research "Factors affecting sustainable development of Bac Lieu seafood enterprises", Dr.
Phan Van Dan's topic, 2016. Results of theoretical research on the factors affecting sustainable
development the enterprise has used 9 factors including 4 elements within the enterprise
(Workforce; Managers/owners; Product responsibilities; Prevention of environmental pollution)
and 5 external factors. Industry (Customers; Market trends; related parties' needs; State support
policies; Social security) impact on sustainable development of fisheries enterprises. Research
"Sustainable development of seafood processing industry in Ben Tre province", Dr. Nguyen Van

Hieu's topic, 2014. The study results of the author discover the interaction between the pillars of
sustainable development for the industry of vietnam seafood processing and application of
accreditation for the typical case of Ben Tre province, thereby suggesting policies to help the
provincial government regulate the activities of the sector to be sustainable.
iii. Comment on the research works related to the thesis and the research gaps
In general, the works have studied the areas of sustainable development, sustainable development
of traditional craft villages and access under different angles both in theory and practice to develop
handicraft industry and fine art, but the above works still have gaps. Therefore, the research task of the
thesis is to clarify the main functions: (i) Assess the situation of the industry development process
according to sustainable criteria and deploy the application of sustainable development perspective into
practice bamboo and rattan handicrafts and handicrafts in recent years. (ii) In the current stage of
economic integration, finding the right direction and solutions to contribute to creating a new driving
force for the sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts is essential. and
practical meaning. (iii) Derived from practical requirements and to contribute to theoretical gaps, the
thesis has formed a research idea, with the main objective of building an analytical framework and
experimental model sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts. In particular, the
author particularly cares about the institutional role in coordinating harmonious development between
the pillars constituting the sustainable development of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo export sector. The
study will focus on analyzing and clarifying the hypotheses about the relationship between the
regulatory role of the Government and the factors that constitute the sustainable development of each
socio–economic–operative environment move to the handicraft industry.
3. OBJECTIVES AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS
i. Objectives of the study
The overall objective of the thesis is to (i) Analyze and develop an analytical framework and a
set of criteria for sustainable development of the handicraft industry in Vietnam and apply it to


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research and evaluation. Typical handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts. (ii) At the same

time, the dissertation clarifies the effectiveness of the regulatory role of the state affecting the
cohesion of socio-economic pillars – environment with each stage of input – production – output
of the handicraft industry. The specific objectives of the thesis include:
- Firstly, apply the theory of sustainable development theory model of national
sustainable development theory, industry sustainable development theory model to assess the
process of developing handicraft industry in Vietnam in a sustainable way;
- Secondly, to build an analytical framework and a model of sustainable development for
handicraft and rattan and bamboo handicraft industries on the basis of analyzing the
correlation between economic – social – environmental pillars in Vietnam;
- Thirdly, analyzing the criteria in the factors affecting the cohesion of economic – social
– environmental pillars with each stage of input – production – output of handicraft industry.
bamboo and rattan leaves;
- Fourthly, discuss the methods, objectives and suggestions of the state's regulatory
policies to support industry participants such as businesses, industry associations, supply
organizations, production and business households. sustainably develop handicraft and rattan
and bamboo handicrafts in Vietnam.
ii. Research question
In order to achieve the set objectives, the thesis needs to clarify the following questions:
Firstly, the related studies have mentioned what contents of sustainable development in
general and sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts in particular along
with the international integration of this item? Where is the space for the thesis to study the
specific content of this field?
Secondly, theoretical basis for the study of sustainable development and international
integration of the handicraft industry and bamboo and rattan products? Specifically:
- Which aspects of the theory of sustainable development, the national model of
sustainable development theory, should be considered to assess the sustainability of
handicraft industry development of Vietnamese art?
- Clarify key factors affecting the development of a sustainable analytical framework for
rattan and bamboo handicrafts?
- In fact, we want to assess the specific sustainability of each sector?

Thirdly, what is the method of researching sustainable development issues and
international integration of handicraft and bamboo and rattan products?
Fourthly, what is the situation of sustainable development and international integration
of the handicraft industry and bamboo and rattan products recently? Specifically:
- Applying the criteria of the factors in the analytical framework to assess the aspect of
expressing sustainability on each economic - social - environmental pillar with each stage of input
- production - output how much has bamboo and rattan handicraft products achieved recently?
- Through the criteria of institutional factors to clarify the role of the State to regulate the
handicraft and rattan products in the integration period?


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Fifthly, what are the main solutions to the sustainable development of handicrafts
and bamboo and rattan products to meet the requirements of international integration in the
coming time? Specifically:
- Local government/government needs to plan policies to promote sustainable rattan and
bamboo handicrafts?
- The units that cultivate materials–production–export should pay attention to the
objectives and implement what measures to operate more sustainably?
Clarifying these 5 questions is the task of the thesis.
4. OBJECT AND SCOPE OF RESEARCH
i. Research objects
- Object to study: Actual situation of input – production activities – output of handicraft
and fine arts products, specifically rattan and bamboo products of Vietnam.
- Content of research issues: Theoretical and practical issues affect the assessment of the
development of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts in Vietnam in view of
sustainable development.
- Participants in the bamboo and rattan handicraft industry include: farmers/farmers;
processing facilities/processing enterprises, export processing enterprises and the

Government/local authorities play a role in regulating the activities of Vietnam's handicraft
industry in general and rattan and bamboo products in particular.
ii. Research scope
- This thesis mainly studies sustainable development at the level of handicraft industry
and research field is Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts.
- Research period: During the period of opening and international economic integration.
5. MEANING OF THE THESIS
i. Academically
- In the past there were many studies on sustainable development at different levels and
mainly addressed sustainability on each economic, social, and environmental pillar but at least
considered the dependence of these pillars. with characteristics of input – production – output
stages in the industry and the impact of the government regulatory role on each pillar of
sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts. Therefore, the research results of the
thesis hope to contribute to perfecting the theory system as a basis for making suggestions to
support sustainable development of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts.
- The method of the thesis approaches the sustainable concept of three economic, social
and environmental pillars. Each aspect of the three pillars is reviewed and evaluated together
with the construction of hypotheses about the regulatory role of the Government in each
stage of the operation process of the mining – production – consumption industry of
Vietnamese handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts.
- Sustainable development is a concept that is mentioned a lot at the national scale, but is
limited in the field of research because each industry has its own characteristics. The results of
verification of analytical framework for sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and
rattan handicrafts have contributed a part in clarifying the theory of sustainable development and
the basis of science for sustainable development research. industry in the country.


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ii. Practically

- If the research objectives are met and the research question is answered, the research
results prove to have a close interaction in the chain of input–production activities–output
with pillars, economic–social–environment constitutes the sustainable development of rattan
and bamboo handicrafts, the thesis contributes to a deeper and more fully aware of the
sustainable development of handicraft industry and goods. Bamboo and rattan leaves in the
context of international integration today. On that basis, it understands the capabilities and
advantages as well as the limitations of arising of the industry and this item.
- The thesis proves the state management agencies from central to local levels play an
important role, controlling the sustainable development of the handicraft industry through the
use of policy instruments to regulate the activities of the industry. Thereby, the solution
groups proposed by the dissertation can be small contributions to the policy making for
sustainable development of the handicraft industry and bamboo and rattan products in the
context of increasing international integration and compatibility real with the current
Vietnamese and international context.
- Thereby, the result of building measurement targets contributing to a supplement to the
scientific foundation for the Government agency to study the construction and adjustment of
the monitoring set of indicators to assess the sustainable development of Vietnam's handicraft
and bamboo and rattan products.
6. THESIS LAYOUT
In addition to the introduction, conclusion, table of contents, lists of abbreviations, lists
of figures, tables, research works of the author related to the thesis, the list of references and
the Appendix. The thesis is arranged according to the following 4 chapters:
Chapter 1: SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMESE
RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
Chapter 2: RESEARCH METHODS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S
RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
Chapter 3: THE REALITY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN
AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
Chapter 4: ORIENTATIONS, GOALS AND SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN

INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
Chapter 1
SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMESE
RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
1.1. BASIC THEORETICAL ISSUES ON POLITICAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS –
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1.1.1. Sustainable development - From a political and economic perspective
1.1.1.1 Development and development science – a precursor to sustainable development
science: scientists have found that to be able to cope with socio-economic problems in less
developed countries requires a combination of of many sciences creates interdisciplinary


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cohesion in the development of scientific development itself and so development
science is increasingly interdisciplinary.
1.1.1.2 Development and intervention in sustainable development: All interventions or
orientations for social change are placed in the context of politics and specific social
circumstances, but society is always active and influential that of social actors has
contributed to that social transformation. So the question is how much of these interventions
need to be, quantify these contributions? In addition, social changes are also affected by
foreign factors. Therefore, current school development studies all kinds of human, financial
and material resources; barriers of the nature or structure; development strategies in different
political, cultural and social settings.
1.1.2. Sustainable development–From a contemporary philosophy perspective
1.1.2.1 Innovation – integration – modernization – Sustainable development – logic of
contemporary history and prospects of Vietnam: dominant and dominant relations are
dialectics between globalization, integration and sustainable development. Globalization and
integration are KT categories but today are out of KT into a common category for both
culture and society. Today it has become a new category of social philosophy - development

philosophy, because it reflects common relationships and creates major contradictions of the
times, meaning epistemological and certain gender so on.
1.1.2.2 The development logic of contemporary Vietnamese history: To compete and
cooperate must be real. Besides, cooperation or competition is the process of creating new
positions and forces. Failure to implement the dialectic process creates that force, there is no
development, even if it starts to grow. Without creating a new position and force, growth will
lose its development significance. . . Not creating a new position and force will not have
sustainable development.
1.1.3. The inevitability of sustainable development
1.1.3.1 Inheritance from scientific development of sustainable development: Science
development, precursor of sustainable development has its own characteristics but has many
aspects related to other sciences. The characteristics of the development process include:
dynamism, history, generality, relativity and time, culture.
1.1.3.2 Transforming fundamental foundations in sustainable development science.
1.2. THEORIES AND MODELS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1.2.1. Concepts and theories of sustainable development
1.2.1.1 Concept: “Sustainable development is a process of resource-based economic
development that is recreated on the basis of respect for basic ecological processes,
biodiversity and natural support systems for life of people, animals, plants”.
1.2.1.2 The theory of sustainable development of the manufacturing industry: The
manufacturing industry has many stages: starting from exploration, search, exploitation and
processing of raw materials, product production, consumption and finally handling of products like
intermediate transport jobs. In each stage, energy and other resources are used, and waste and
discharge of toxic substances are generated. Therefore, when researching the sustainable
development of a manufacturing industry, three related areas of action must be considered,


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including: resource conservation, product design and waste disposal. In a production and

use cycle, these three areas must ensure the rules and targets of sustainable economics (Rogall,
2008).
1.2.2. Models of sustainable development
There are many research projects on sustainable development. Research project:
"Towards a sustainable environment" of the Center for Natural Resources and Environment;
Research project "Building criteria for sustainable development at the national level in
Vietnam" of Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations...Along with models of
sustainable development as model of WCED "Similarities" multidisciplinary, economic,
political, administrative, technological, international, production and social activities (1987);
the "intersection of economic, social, environmental" models of JACOBS and SADLER
(1990); model of VILLEN "Inter-economic, social and ecological systems" (1990); The
model "3 economic, social and environmental target groups" of the world bank (WB) has
been increasingly innovated and improved.
1.3. THEORETICAL BASIS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RATTAN
AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS INDUSTRY
1.3.1. Characteristics of handicraft industry
The model of the value chain operation of the handicraft industry is similar and
illustrated in the following diagram.
VIET NAM
Imported raw materials

Material supply area

Craft villages

Commune

Commune

Village

Manufa
cturer
and
opera
-tor

Raw
material
collector

Raw
material
trader

Transporter
(road/
waterway)

Village
Raw
material
trader

Crafts
manufac
-turer
(house
-hold)

Enter

-prises
Crafts
and
collectors businesses
in craft
villages

Exporter
(outside
the
trade
village)

Logistics
companies
and
international
shipping
companies

IMPORT
COUNTRY

Domestic
retailer

(Source: The author's research)
Thus, the decisive person in the chain of organization of rattan and bamboo products is
processing and exporting enterprises. They decided to produce what (put the model) and sell it to
someone (sign a consumption contract with foreign partners before deploying production in the

village centers) and the craft village is the place to complete the final product.
1.3.2 Structure of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft industry
From the review of the national sustainable development theory, the manufacturing industry
and the theory of handicraft industry characteristics to analyze the basic characteristics of
Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicraft industry, inherit. The results of expert discussion on the
formation of measurement criteria and the construction of theoretical models together with the
hypotheses about the sustainable development of Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicraft industry,


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the author establishes the premise for the development of an experimental model for
sustainable development of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicraft industry needs to identify
the structure of the industry from input – production – output.
Figure 1.14 Operation structure of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry

Input operation
- Planting - exploiting
raw materials, supplying
processing materials

Manufacturing and
processing activities

-Preliminary processing
-Packing, finished products

Output operation
- Access to domestic
and foreign markets

- Consumptions

(Source: The author's research)
1.3.3. Position and role of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry in socio-economic
development
1.3.3.1 Studying rattan and bamboo handicraft industry under the perspective of
Marxist-Leninist theory
1.3.3.2 Position of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft industry
1.3.3.3 The role of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft industry
Any industry, its product is made up of labor, labor, and labor tools. The products in the
handicraft and rattan industry are also the same: the necessary social labor time of the
crystallized workers in the goods and the specific labor of the workers, creating the use value
of the products. The product of the labor process of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan
handicrafts is a specific product and its production process is closely related to the process of
consuming products, so it cannot be used directly to assess the quality products that must
pass the level of effective use value, contribute to improving the environment and customer
satisfaction when using.
1.4. GENERAL THEORETICAL BASIS OF INTEGRATION
1.4.1. Concept: The concept of international economic integration includes the
following key points:
- International economic integration is the process of linking each nation's economy and
market with regional and world economies.
- Each country voluntarily participates in regional and global economic
institutions/institutions, fulfills its commitment to the organizations that it participates in.
- Each country must implement economic liberalization, trade, investment and financial
liberalization at unilateral, bilateral and multilateral levels.
1.4.2. Characteristics
First, international economic integration is a high development of international labor
division. Secondly, international economic integration is an inter-national cooperation
between two or more independent, sovereign states in one or more economic-trade

agreements. Thirdly, regional and bilateral economic integration is seen as a neutral solution
between two opposing trends in the world market: the trend of trade liberalization and trade
protection. Fourth, regional and bilateral economic integration has always been a voluntary


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and positive action by members to coordinate and adjust economic development programs
with reciprocal agreements of member countries....
1.4.3. Factors affecting Vietnam's international integration process
1.4.3.1 The trend of increasing trade liberalization and global competition
1.4.3.2 Strengthening protectionist policy with modern trade barriers to export products
1.4.3.3 The impact of the international context on Vietnam's international economic
integration process
1.4.4. Vietnam integrates into the world and can only contribute to sustainable
development when it becomes an industrialized country
1.4.4.1 Integration but not soluble
1.4.4.2 Integration goals
1.4.4.3 Promoting, improving and using the current human resources and talents
contribute to international integration
1.4.5. Impact of international integration on handicraft industry and bamboo and
rattan products
1.4.5.1 Effect of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry on the political system: Handicraft
and rattan products are a bridge for cultural exchange, diversification and multilateralism, creating
friendliness and cooperation among countries. The more developed the industry is, the more it
strengthens and expands, making the foreign policy more flexible, facilitating the process of
strengthening Vietnam's political system. The state uses the available rights to devise strategies,
plans, plans, and regulatory policies for each stage of the industry in an effective manner, ensuring
fair competition in integration process. 1.4.5.2 Bamboo and rattan handicraft industry with the
impact of international integration: Bamboo and rattan handicraft products in the integration

economy aim at international standards of quality of life, service infrastructure, management level
and organizational capacity. Therefore, integration requires the industry to step by step modernize,
systematize and quality. If the handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft industry is developed,
it in turn makes Vietnam's integration more and more in-depth and effective and gradually reduces
the development gap. Therefore, Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicraft industry in the integration
period should focus on sustainable development.
1.5. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RATTAN AND BAMBOO
HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY
1.5.1. Factors affecting the sustainable development of rattan and bamboo
handicraft industry
According to Presscott Allen (1995), the "egg" model reflects the sustainability of
society, in the Kain model using intellectual, artifact, institutional and natural elements. The
sustainable development model of UNCED (1993) & Hodge (1993, 1995) emphasized:
economic objectives to increase people's income, to develop economic sectors and GDP,
GNP, social objectives satisfy the needs of all people and communities, the environmental
goal of long-term balance of ecosystems that nourish life. together with referring to the
Ministry of Sustainable Monitoring and Evaluation Indicators (Appendix 01), which
determine the factors affecting sustainable development of Vietnam's export rattan and
bamboo handicrafts including 4 factors: economic, social, environmental, institutional.


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1.5.2. Relationship in industry development and the factors of sustainable
development of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts.
1.5.2.1 Relationship in industry development:
Figure 1.15 Relationship in industry development
Input operation
Quality and quantity of
sustainable raw materials

Production activities
Quality and quantity
of sustainable products

Output operation
Sustainable market
demand

(Source: The author's research comes from a review of theory and expert discussion)
1.5.2.2 The relationship between the factors of sustainable development of rattan and
bamboo handicrafts in Vietnam: that is the relationship between economic factors and society;
between economic and environmental factors; between environmental factors and society;
and the role of policy affecting the factors of sustainable development.
1.6. EXPERIENCE OF SOME COUNTRIES IN THE REGION ON
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS
Rogall, 2008, when studying sustainable development of a manufacturing industry, three
areas: resource conservation, product design and waste disposal must ensure the rules and targets
of sustainable economics. . In many developed countries, thanks to proper awareness and wellequipped knowledge, their sustainable development efforts are often associated with broader
concepts. Thailand, China and Malaysia are the three countries with large export handicraft and
rattan handicrafts in the region and many similarities with Vietnam.
1.7. MODEL OF ANALYZING THE PROPOSAL OF THE THESIS ON SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY
Figure 1.16 Analysis model of sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry
ECONOMICS
Input: supply of raw materials for production activities – processing handicrafts.
Production: Production organization creates products of rattan and bamboo handicrafts.
Output: ability to consume products and handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts.

Opportunities for

job creation, stable
income, and other
welfare for labors

The process of
emitting outside
harmful substances
pollutes the
environment
The result of
receiving high
quality input
materials from the
environment

ENVIRONMENT
Input: From farming activities, raw
material exploitation will have a
serious impact on the environment.
Production: Strong impact,
polluting the environment from
processing activities and giving us
finished products of bamboo and
rattan handicrafts.
Output: Impact on the environment
from consumer demand, and
consumption emissions.

INSTITUTION
AND THE

STATE’S
MANAGEMENT

Provide advantages of
natural conditions to
grow bamboo and
rattan materials and
create an optimal
source of benefits..
The state - society
has good protection
or indiscriminate acts
of defoliation to
bamboo and rattan
resources.

Provide high
quality labor and
consumer
resources.

SOCIETY
Input: Ability to create jobs, protect
income workers in cultivating and
exploiting handicraft and rattan products.
Production: ability to create jobs, income
levels of workers, invest in training to
develop highly skilled raw materials.
Output: Satisfying domestic and foreign
customers about products and relations

between production facilities and
population communities, between
exporters and importers.


14

(Source: The author's research comes from a review of theory and expert discussion)
Chapter 2
RESEARCH METHODS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF
VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY IN
INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
2.1. Methodology approaches research issues
Include the following methods: Materialist dialectical methodology; Method of
historical historical materialism; Logical analysis method is consistent with history; Methods
of scientific abstraction; Comparison and comparison methods; Methods of analysis and
synthesis; Interdisciplinary approach.
2.2 Specific research methods
In order to carry out the study, the thesis used both methods to be carried out at the same
time and the same role is qualitative and quantitative. Both are carried out simultaneously but
separately in data collection and analysis. This combination helps authors to compare and
interpret results more clearly than research issues.
2.3. Research process
The research process has undergone two phases: (i) building measurement targets and
empirical research models with the hypothesis of sustainable development of Vietnamese
rattan and bamboo handicrafts; (ii) testing the model of sustainable development for
Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts. The two research phases are detailed as follows:
Stage 1: The study begins with documents from newspapers, magazines and internet
information to identify the research contents and research objectives. Thereby, the study will
also build a research model and preliminary content of scales in the model of sustainable

development for Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts.
Stage 2: The second stage is done with the following steps:
Step 1: Determining the objects and scope of inspection to participate in the operation
stages of rattan and bamboo handicrafts, Step 2: Verifying theoretical models by qualitative
methods with direct discussion methods to effect adjusting the scale.


15

Steps for conducting research
P i d1:
Stage
Building
measurement
criteria and
research
model

Step 1: Develop measurement criteria
The theoretical basis of national sustainable
development, handicraft industry and
enterprises

First qualitative research (n=10)

The expected model

Scale of sustainable
development of rattan
and bamboo handicrafts

Step 2: Develop hypotheses and research model

Second qualitative research (n=10)

Stage 2:
Verification
of research
model for a
typical case

Research model

Step 1: Identify the object and scope of the case study

Identify objects and scope of testing
research models

Data collection

Step 2: Testing the case study model of Vietnam rattan and
bamboo handicrafts

Inspection of research model for
Vietnamese rattan and bamboo
handicrafts

Conclusions and policy
suggestions

(Source: The author's research)
Chapter 3
THE REALITY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN
AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
3.1. Overview of production and trade of rattan and bamboo handicrafts of
Vietnam


16

3.1.1. Business activities
According to the survey, in 100 production establishments, business enterprises have
more than 50 enterprises with annual loan-to-equity ratio ranging from 100% to 200%; 30
enterprises have a debt-to-equity ratio of about 40-50%. In terms of financial leverage theory,
the more loan use, the higher the rate of return on equity. This proves that enterprises are
facing many difficulties in managing potential sources of capital and risky business activities.
3.1.2. About production – processing activities
Currently, there are 2,017 trade villages with many types of production such as
households, production groups, cooperatives, raw material processing facilities, raw material
collectors, including bamboo and rattan trade villages. Knitting has the largest number with
725 units, accounting for over 24% of the total number of villages across the country. In
terms of production subjects, currently accounting for 90% of the number of manufacturing
establishments are still households in traditional craft villages. Currently, there are 2,017
trade villages with many types of production such as households, production groups,
cooperatives, raw material processing facilities, raw material collectors, including bamboo
and rattan trade villages. Knitting has the largest number with 725 units, accounting for over
24% of the total number of villages across the country.
Our bamboo and rattan handicraft products lack creativity and backwardness compared
to the development trend of the world although these are traditional products bearing bold
cultural characteristics of Vietnam. Due to design constraints, mainly due to foreign

customers, domestic enterprises only perform the processing process very simply so
enterprises produce according to experience, based on traditional designs and simulations.
Foreign product design is mainly...
The cost of input materials has increased since 2009 and is at the same time larger than
the labor price while the selling price of products to the world market is almost unchanged,
pushing the profit of the craft villages to low profits. . If the profit ratio in 2010 of these
establishments is from 12.31% to 26% depending on different groups of products, by 2017,
the profit ratio will be only from 8.56% to 20, 4%.
3.1.3. About raw materials for production
In the period of 2010-2014, the total output of rattan and bamboo materials increased,
however, there was a change in 2012-2013 when the output increased, but the output of
aquaculture decreased sharply leading to the total output of raw materials. whether the whole
industry decreases. The year 2014-2017 witnessed the opposite trend of the previous year.
Particularly in the period 2015-2017, the total output of rattan and bamboo materials is
relatively stable and increases slightly after fluctuating in the early years.
3.1.4. Operation to ensure quality and safe hygiene
According to scientific studies, most handicraft villages produce bamboo and rattan
pollutants. The process of fighting against mold for bamboo and rattan products causes a large
amount of SO2, particularly in Thai Binh province, there are 40/210 handicraft villages
producing handicraft and bamboo and rattan and up to 800 kilns for drying toxic gases daily. Not
only polluting emissions, many handicraft villages also make bamboo and rattan pollution.


17

3.2. Current situation of developing Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicraft
industry in terms of economy, society and environment according to sustainable
development criteria.
3.2.1. The situation of sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and
rattan handicrafts in economic terms:

3.2.1.1. Scale and growth rate of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry
a. In terms of value and growth
The proportion of exports in the surveyed villages is 74%. In the period of 2011-2018,
the industry's export volume increased with an average rate of 14% while exports to the
European market increased by 21%. Export turnover of bamboo and rattan handicraft
products nationwide increased by 2.27%/year on average in the period of 2011-2018,
reaching USD 271.89 million in 2017 and USD 346.66 million in the year 2018. For
Vietnam's largest market is the European Union of 28 member countries, Vietnam is the
second largest supplier of goods after China, accounting for 7% of the 2016 market share for
products. handmade with bamboo and rattan material.
b. In terms of density
In recent years, handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts are one of Vietnam's key
economic sectors, making important contributions to annual GDP growth and export turnover,
contributing to economic restructuring. reasonable. However, the sector of handicraft and
rattan and bamboo handicrafts with a proportion of contribution in the whole country tends to
decrease, namely: in 2011, the proportion of manufacturing and processing value in the
whole industry was 12%, by 2016 reduced to 7%; output from 26% in 2011, reduced to 10%
in 2016. Although the contribution rate of the handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicraft
industry has decreased, but during the last 7 years (2009-2016) this sector still ensuring
positive growth and very important significance in the GDP structure of the country. This
shows the economic uncertainty of the sector when activities supporting the processing
activities have a lower value.
3.2.1.2. Growth quality of bamboo and rattan handicrafts and handicrafts
a. Structure of handicraft and rattan products for export by market
It can be seen that the market share of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts exports
to markets importing key handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts in the world only
accounts for an average of about 5%. The purchasing power of these markets also increased
by an average of 7% per year. This is a very good opportunity to expand the market share of
Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicrafts products.
b. Structure of handicraft and rattan products for export according to commodity groups

Currently, our rattan and bamboo products are present in more than 90 countries and
tend to expand. During the period 1999-2005, the export value of bamboo and rattan products
increased nearly 4 times, bringing the total export value of this product group from 48.21
million USD in 1999 to over 211 million USD in 2010. Bamboo and rattan products also
account for a large proportion and tend to increase in recent years: from 61.60% in 2010 to
97.79% in 2017.


18

c. To restructure Vietnam's handicraft and rattan products for export according to
the production-processing level
Vietnamese enterprises are merely outsourcing, selling raw materials and labor, but have
not created real value added, thus relying heavily on season and international prices. Due to
lack of design, businesses and craft villages often have a situation of copying each other's
designs and making the internal competition more and more fierce. Manufacturers and
exporters of bamboo and rattan handicrafts are less able to control product value and cause a
decline in the value-added chain of the industry in general and to ensure sustainable export
development. in particular.
3.2.2. The situation of sustainable development of bamboo and rattan handicrafts
and fine arts:
3.2.2.1. Development of bamboo and rattan handicraft and fine arts with employment
and labor skills:
In general, the number of employees involved in the production-processing sector
(excluding farming) without long-term labor contracts accounts for about 80% of the total
number of workers working in craft villages. In particular, production facilities have a
proportion of workers without long-term contracts ranging from 65-75%, while seasonal
workers in these production facilities account for about 75%. This proves the level of
specialization, the technology level of production facilities is not high. There is a lack of
legal basis for maintaining working relationships between businesses and workers, leading to

instability in the labor force.
3.2.2.2. Developing handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts with the issue of
improving the lives of workers and contributing to poverty reduction.
Through actual surveys of enterprises about current income, the average result is about 3.2
million VND/person/month. Although nominal wages have increased, the prices of essential
goods and services have also increased, even higher than the wage increase and about 80% of
workers live mainly on monthly salaries, so the majority of workers People can only afford to
pay the essential expenses for daily life, are unable to accumulate. Thus, workers working in
households are very precarious, low income and unstable, fragmented development, the ability
of sustainable cooperation between tenants and employees is still low.
3.2.2.3. Developing bamboo and rattan handicraft industry with social justice issues.
In the handicraft industry this is evident in the traders collecting materials and press
prices for farmers to profit. All of these problems further widen the gap in income between
the population classes.
3.2.3. The reality of sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts
in the environment.
3.2.3.1. Developing handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts with the maintenance
and improvement of biodiversity resources.
According to the General Department of Forestry, Vietnam rattan and bamboo
handicraft industry is developing according to the trend of increasing natural production to
reduce aquaculture production and because (i) we do not invest. regions with a large scale of
between 30 and 50 thousand hectares for planting concentrated materials; (ii) rugged terrain,


19

facilities and transport are difficult to exploit in areas where bamboo is distributed; (iii)
silvicultural solutions for inefficient bamboo material areas are still limited; (iv) until now,
the industry has not planned to exploit production in a sustainable manner, so the
uncontrolled exploitation leads to the stagnation of bamboo bushes and bamboo that make

the value of effective planting materials economically low economy.
3.2.3.2. Developing handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts with the issue of
preserving ecological environment
The analysis of water samples showed that the color of the place was up to 13,000 Pt-Co,
the content of COD, BOD5 was 2-15 times higher than TCVN, especially the Coliform
exceeded thousands of times TCVN. In addition to the economic benefits of handicraft
products, businesses and households find every opportunity to reduce costs in the production
and business process. Therefore, the cost of preventing environmental pollution and ensuring a
safe working environment are the costs that are often cut, not even expected, while making a
business plan. About 85-90% of this chemical dissolves waste water. Results of water sample
analysis showed that the color of the place was up to 13,000 Pt-Co, COD, BOD5 content was
2-15 times higher than TCVN, especially Coliform exceeded thousands of times TCVN.
3.2.4. The relationship between economic, social and environmental factors to the
sustainable development of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicraft industry.
(1) The lack of sustainability of input activities has had a negative impact on production.
(2) The lack of sustainability of production has had a negative impact on the sustainability of
output. (3) Unsustainable development in the economic pillar has a negative impact on job
creation, welfare and lack of motivation to attract labor. (4) Unsecured workers' welfare will
have a negative impact on the supply of high quality materials in terms of professional and
technical management in the handicraft industry. (5) cultivating environment – exploiting the
abused raw materials, therefore, it is not ensured the stable supply of raw materials for
economic activities, and economic activities also cause negative impacts on the ability to
grow and exploit the sources of raw materials and rattan and bamboo. (6) Consciousness to
protect the natural environment nurturing untreated sources of raw rattan and bamboo
materials has the effect of reducing productivity and raising output, creating instability in
employment, income and welfare of people. labor. (7) In contrast, the unstable social pillars
are reflected in unstable employment, reduced income and welfare of workers, which
negatively affects the sense of environmental protection, nurturing the resources source.
3.3. Actual situation of institutions affects the process of sustainable development of
Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts.

3.3.1 Economic regulation policy of the State for handicraft and rattan and bamboo
handicrafts
3.3.2 Regulatory policies of the State for social pillars.
3.3.3 Regulatory policies of the State for environmental pillars
3.3.4 Industrialization, modernization of agriculture and rural areas and the
introduction of new cooperatives.
3.4. Overall assessment of sustainable development of Vietnamese rattan and
bamboo handicrafts in the process of international integration


20

3.4.1. Contributions of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicraft industry in
recent years
(i) Contributing to creating jobs, increasing incomes and improving people's lives (ii)
Create foreign currency for economic development (iii) Promote economic development (iv)
Contribute to protecting the ecological environment (v) Contributing to promoting national
culture and expanding exchanges and international cooperation.
3.4.2. Inadequacies in developing handicrafts of rattan and bamboo in Vietnam in
the context of international integration
3.4.2.1. Shortcomings in the economic field
The input activity of bamboo and rattan handicraft industry on the economic aspect is
relatively unsustainable, production-processing activities from the economic perspective still
have limitations, which can affect the sustainable and prestigious development direction of
the whole industry in production and processing activities and the development of new
markets of Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicraft industry, the output activities of rattan
handicraft industry Although bamboo has played an important role in the structure of the
country's GDP, the turnover and profits of enterprises are unstable, due to the objective
impact of the economic recession, the export volume has decreased in the years recently.
3.4.2.2. Shortcomings in the social field

Input activities on the social aspect of Vietnam rattan and bamboo handicraft industry
show that business owners and production facilities are not interested in vocational training
for workers, lack of capacity to determine direction in building high quality materials,
serving the strategy of sustainable development in the future. Production-processing
activities of bamboo and rattan handicrafts and fine arts on the social aspect, the following
limitations can be drawn: The number of laborers participating in the activities of handicraft
and rattan handicraft production of enterprises decreases strong; The quality of life has not
been significantly improved because the price of goods with a corresponding increase or
higher is one of the manifestations of improved labor welfare. Output activities on the social
aspect of rattan and bamboo handicraft industry show that customers of basic handicraft
export enterprises are satisfied with the production conditions, less complaining about
product quality.
3.4.2.3. Disadvantages in the field of environment
Input activities on the environmental aspect, with the observation that there is no
sustainability due to planning in aquaculture, have not been updated and improved, so it has a
direct impact on the growth rate of raw material sources each year tends to decrease and lack
stability. Production – processing activities on the environment, draw comments on
environmental pollution in villages difficult to control and planning should affect people's health.
3.5. Issues that need to be addressed to sustainably develop handicraft and rattan
and bamboo handicrafts of Vietnam: The 4 urgent issues need to be resolved: (i)
Sustainable economic development (ii) Social sustainable development (iii) Environmental
sustainable development (iv) Sustainable development of institutions


21

Chapter 4
ORIENTATIONS, GOALS AND SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN
INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION

4.1. FACTORS AFFECTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF
VIETNAMESE RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL
INTEGRATION
4.1.1. Factors affecting the sustainable development of Vietnamese handicrafts in
international integration: (i) The impact of international integration on the development of
Vietnamese handicrafts (ii) Development trend of handicraft market (iii) The trend of
handicraft products is more and more simple and contemporary (iv) Distribution channels of
handicraft products are increasingly shortened v) Competition for future supply of
handicrafts is still in Asia (vi) Concerns about social and environmental responsibility in the
development of handicrafts are increasing.
4.1.2. Potential of developing rattan and bamboo handicraft industry in Vietnam: (i)
Abundant material sources available in the country (ii) There are many talented and skillful
craftsmen (iii) Sophisticated craft production technology (iv) Unique products and bold
Vietnamese culture (v) Demand for handicrafts at home and abroad is increasing (vi) Get the
attention and support of the State.
4.2. THE VIEWS AND ORIENTATIONS OF THE PARTY AND THE STATE ON
THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RATTAN AND BAMBOO
HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
Institution provides a harmonious and rational combination between economic
development, society and environmental protection to achieve the goal of sustainable
development of the country. It also helps to expand international cooperation and maintain
and preserve traditional cultural values in the context of globalization.
In addition, the Government of Viet Nam has supported the promotion of the handicraft
sector as a means of eliminating poverty, especially in rural areas through direct investment
policies and support the development of the handicraft industry from land planning, raw
material supply, investment in skilled workers to participate in production to encourage
investment and trade promotion to take effect. and updated.
4.3. ORIENTATION AND GOALS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF
VIETNAM'S RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL
INTEGRATION

4.3.1. Orientation of developing handicrafts of Vietnam in international integration:
(i) Vision of the value chain of handicraft industry in the future (ii) The main viewpoints are
to sustainably develop Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts in the future, stemming from
the research and assessment of the situation of developing handicrafts of bamboo and rattan
handicrafts.


22

4.3.2. The objective and orientation of solutions for sustainable development of
Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts in international integration: (i) Target group
to develop the capacity of stakeholders (ii) Target group for infrastructure development (iii)
Target group to promote market access.
4.4. SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM'S
RATTAN AND BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
4.4.1. Group of solutions to ensure the sustainable development of handicrafts of
bamboo and rattan handicrafts on economic pillars
(1) Completing the master planning work to develop rattan and bamboo handicrafts
(2) Promote the application of scientific and technological advances to the production of
bamboo and fine handicraft products
(3) Strengthening trade promotion of rattan and bamboo handicrafts for export
(4) Building a consumption network of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts
(5) Solutions to ensure the harmony between export growth and sustainable development
of rattan and bamboo handicrafts.
(6) Improve the role and performance of Vietnam Handicraft Association.
4.4.2. Group of solutions to ensure a harmonious combination between the
development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts and solving social problems
(1) Contribute to improving the life and construction of new rural areas through the
development of handicraft and bamboo and rattan handicrafts;
(2) Creating jobs and developing human resources for handicraft and bamboo and rattan

handicrafts;
(3) Linking in producing handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts to enhance
product value chain;
4.4.3. Group of solutions to ensure a harmonious combination between the
development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts and ecological environment protection
(1) Complete the legal system on environmental protection, serving the sustainable
development goal of the country
(2) Develop a system of national standards on rattan and bamboo handicrafts in
accordance with international standards
(3) Promote propaganda and education on environmental protection in the whole society
(4) Strengthening the inspection, inspection, supervision and sanctioning and
strengthening international cooperation on environmental protection.
4.4.4. Group of solutions to ensure a harmonious combination between the
development of handicraft and rattan and bamboo products and the policy mechanism
of the State
(1) Complete legal basis and policies to develop handicraft and rattan handicrafts;
(2) The State needs to have policies to support the handicraft and bamboo and rattan
handicraft industry to develop.
4.4.5. Solution to develop new cooperatives in Vietnam rattan and bamboo
handicraft industry: (1) New-style cooperatives must be developed towards general
business with regional specialization; (2) Developing new cooperatives must be closely


23

linked with the goals of agricultural and rural industrialization and modernization; (3)
Developing new cooperatives suitable for the socialist-oriented market economy; (4)
Developing new cooperatives must be associated with other economic sectors.
4.5. SOME RECOMMENDATIONS TO ENSURE THE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT OF BAMBOO AND RATTAN HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY

4.5.1. Proposing to the Central Government
4.5.1.1 Proposing to the Prime Minister
4.5.1.2 Proposing to the Ministry of Industry and Trade
4.5.1.3 Proposing to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
4.5.1.4 Proposing to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
4.5.2. Proposing to Vietnam Association of handicraft and rattan handicraft
industry, and localities
CONCLUSION
It can be affirmed that sustainable development of handicrafts of bamboo and rattan
handicrafts is an urgent requirement for our country in the process of industrialization,
modernization and international economic integration. In order to ensure the sustainable
development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts, it plays an important role in ensuring the
sustainable development of export goods in general and implementing Vietnam's fast and
sustainable economic development orientation in the period. In the next section, the thesis
has clarified: (i) sustainable development of rattan and bamboo handicrafts requires the
harmonious combination between export growth and people's life improvement. social
stability and ecological environment protection. (ii) The goal of sustainable development of
handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts must aim at maintaining high and stable growth
and quality, limiting negative impacts on environment and communes. (iii) Depending on
each stage of development of the country, the harmonization of these objectives requires
specific characteristics.
In chapter 1, the thesis focuses on clarifying the theoretical basis of sustainable
development, national sustainable development, sustainable development of the handicraft
industry, thereby affirming the criteria of economic factors – society – environment –
institutions directly affect the process of industry sustainable development, provide empirical
models to analyze and develop sustainable handicrafts of rattan and bamboo in Vietnam.
Using the argument of Lenin Marx contemporary philosophy serves as a theoretical basis for
the indispensable development of the industry and affirms the role of handicraft industry in
the process of economic development, social economy, especially poverty reduction,
employment issues for people, promoting cultural exchanges between Vietnam and other

countries in the world in the process of integration.
Chapter 3 of the thesis scientifically assesses the status of sustainable development of
rattan and bamboo handicrafts of Vietnam. It can be said that the sustainability of
Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts in recent years has not been clearly shown.
Although the growth of handicraft goods has made significant contributions to export growth,
economic growth, has solved some social problems such as creating more jobs, increasing


24

incomes for people, reducing the poverty rate in rural areas and preserving the ecological
environment, but the quality of export growth is not very solid. This represents a slow shift in
the structure of export of handicraft goods in the direction of increasing added value.
Developing export handicrafts of bamboo and rattan handicrafts has not solved the social
problems such as income disparities between social groups participating in export, income
gap between urban and rural areas . . . developing the export of handicraft and bamboo and
rattan handicrafts is mainly based on the exploitation of natural resources and causing
ecological degradation. The main reason for these problems is that Vietnam is slowly
changing its growth model in the context of internationalization of world economic life
increasingly deepening at both globalization and regionalization levels. Vietnam's economy
is facing many challenges in the strategy of sustainable development such as income
inequality, poverty, disease, population growth, global energy use, climate change, polluting
the ecological environment. Meanwhile, Vietnam's economic institutions are still weak,
technology level and quality of raw materials are still limited.
From the above situation, chapter 4 on the basis of the orientation of export orientation
has been presented the thesis proposed solutions: to ensure sustainable development of
Vietnam's rattan and bamboo handicrafts in the current context, it is necessary to build an
appropriate model of Vietnam's economic growth, which ensures a harmonious combination
between export growth and sustainable handicraft products, between export growth and
prizes addressing social issues, between economic growth and ecological environment

protection.
In order to overcome the limitations in the process of carrying out the thesis, the author
has set out the need for further research on sustainable development of Vietnam's handicraft
industry, specifically as follows:
The study only investigated the impact of a number of factors to decide the criteria to
evaluate the development of handicraft and rattan products in the view of sustainable
development, research subjects of the topic. truly expanding; and the scale of the study is
only referenced from the relevant research resources in the world and preliminarily adjusted
but there are no new, more relevant observations as well as the full definition of the scales
measuring in accordance with the market in Vietnam in general and Ho Chi Minh City in
particular. The research has just been based on the existing scales so there is still a lack of
regional economic and cultural factors in building the most suitable scale and model, this is
also the research direction for the next topics.
The research can go into specific research on each type of handicraft products to find out
the differences in the criteria for evaluating the development of handicraft and rattan products
in the view of sustainable development to enhance higher explanations, achieve better
reliability./.


25

PUBLISHED WORKS OF THE AUTHOR RELATED TO THE THESIS TOPIC
1. Le Van Canh, 2016. Researching and developing criteria for evaluating the
development of Vietnamese rattan and bamboo handicrafts in the view of sustainable
development. Economic University at Ho Chi Minh City: Scientific research topic at the
university level.
2. Le Van Canh, 2016. Quality of human resources – an essential element to develop
handicraft industry in Vietnam during the integration period. Manpower Development
Magazine, ISSN 1859-2732.
3. Le Van Canh, 2016. Export of handicrafts in the context of deep international

integration. Journal of Economics and Forecasting, ISSN 0866 – 7120.
4. Le Van Canh, 2017. Maintaining and promoting the value of Vietnamese cultural
tradition through handicraft products – a factor contributing to sustainable tourism
development. Communist Journal – Provincial Party Committee of Binh Phuoc: Sustainable
tourism development in southern provinces and cities: reality and solutions. Ha Noi: The
Truth National Political Publishing House, ISBN 978-604-57-3529-9.
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