Chapter 16, Online Banking and Investing
Outline
16.1
16.2
16.3
16.4
16.5
16.6
16.7
16.8
Introduction
Online Banking Services
16.2.1 Hybrid Banks
16.2.2 InternetOnly Banks
Online Loans
How the Web Is Changing the Investment Community
16.4.1 Electronic Communication Networks (ECNs)
16.4.2 Online Trading
16.4.3 Online Bond Trading
Merging Financial Services
Financial Aggregation Services
Wireless Banking and Trading
Financial Planning Online
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.1 Introduction
• Topics of discussion
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Online banking services provided by Internetonly banks
Clickandmortar banks
The impact of the Internet on Wall Street
Online stock and bond trading
Electronic communication networks (ECNs)
Financial aggregators
Online lending and mortgage services
Financial planning
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.2 Online Banking Services
• Brickandmortar banks have become clickand
mortar
• Internetonly banks lack the brand awareness and
recognition of the clickandmortar banks
• Internet banking services can reduce expenses
• Online payment decreases the float
– The time it takes for checks to clear after they have been sent
for payment or deposited
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.2 Online Banking Services
• Internet delivers payments faster than mail
– Frees up cash and decreases accounts receivable
• The expected amount of payments owed to a company for
products and services sold to customers
• Benefits to customers
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Can avoid buying stamps
Do not have to send bills out early
Account information available 24by7
Can view detailed account history at one time online instead
of listening to individual transactions over the phone
• Risks
– Security breaches
– Office of the Currency (OCC) has warned people that sites
mimicking bank sites can scam them for account information
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.2.1 Hybrid Banks
• Hybrid bank model
– Brickandmortar banks offering online services
– Prominence of brickandmortar brand names increase
customers’ comfort levels when banking online
• Customers can visit a physical branch
– Physical presence includes the large network of ATMs
• Some charge monthly fees to use online bill
paying services
• Important to the survival and growth of small local
banks
– By going online, small banks can offer competitive services
and attract national customers
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.2.1 Wells Fargo Feature
• Wells Fargo is a hybrid bank
• Services are broken into three main sectors
– Personal finance, small business and commercial banking
• Offers free billpaying, checkingaccount
comparisons and specialized resource centers
• Plans to offer a portal site providing financial
services, such as stock trading, news, weather and
financial aggregation
– Allowing people to view information from all of their
financial accounts in one place on the Internet
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.2.2 InternetOnly Banks
• Internetonly banks
– Offer convenience and often lower fees and higher interest
rates to their customers as compared to traditional banks
– Can lower costs of buildings and equipment and can
decrease payroll as traditional employee roles are eliminated
– Must accept deposits by mail because lack of physical
branches
– Little brand recognition compared to brickandclick banks
– Insured by the FDIC
• Some Internetonly banks are attempting to
establish a physical presence
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.2.2 NetBank Feature
• NetBank is the largest Internetonly bank
• Customer Online Services
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Checking, savings and credit accounts
Plan for retirement
Conduct online trading
Obtain mortgage, car and business loans
Obtain a line of credit, free online bill payment and
presentment, ATM card and Visa credit card
• Rates and calculators are available
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.2.2 InternetOnly Banks
InternetOnly Ba nks
BankAtlantic.com
Desc rip tio n
Offers services in Spanish. Provides trading
services through ShareBuilder . Offers
customers personal, small-business and
commercial banking.
CompuBank (www.compubank.com)
Offers clickrewards
(www.clickrewards.com), allowing
customers to earn rewards for direct-deposit and
check-card purchases. Pays above-average
interest on checking accounts and offers free
online bill payment.
SFNB (www.sfnb.com)
Offers its customers the Share the Wealth
program, which rewards customers for referring
new customers. This bank also offers advice on
managing your money and provides budget,
savings and retirement calculations.
nBank (www.nbank.com)
Provides personal and business banking.
Business services include merchant credit-card
processing and business-credit inquiry. nBank
also offers Internet service to local areas in
Atlanta and Georgia.
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.2.2 InternetOnly Banks
InternetOnly Ba nks
everbank.com
Desc rip tio n
Offers free online bill payment, mortgage services, the
everCard Visa Platinum credit card with free credit-card
management online and trading services through EverTrade
Direct Brokerage, Inc.
Gomez.com
Evaluates e-commerce customer experiences. Coverage
includes banks, brokers, credit cards, home buying, travel and
shopping services and health sites. This site provides its
opinion of the best online banks and allows visitors to rate
and review the banks.
CyberInvest.com
Offers information on and evaluations of different financial
service providers. Visitors can check out sections such as the
Bond Center, Brokerage Center, Educational Center,
Mortgage Center and Global Investing Center.
bankonline.com
Helps visitors find institutions that offer online banking,
insurance comparison shopping, financial planning and loan
and credit applications
Internetonly banks and online banking information sites.
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.3 Online Loans
• Traditionally
– Companies and individuals would deal with a few different
lenders
– Filling out documents and comparing options was a time
consuming process
• Online
– Process can be more efficient, sometimes returning loan
approvals within minutes
– Gives people access to many lending institutions, enabling
those seeking loans to shop for the best deals
– ELOAN, PrimeStreet, LiveCapital, companyfinance
.com
• The
Small Business Administration Office of Advocacy
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16.3 Online Loans
E-LOAN’s E-TRACK demo. (Courtesy of E-LOAN, Inc.)
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.3 Online Loans
• Online mortgage services
– Decrease the time it takes to find a mortgage
– Many online companies still need standard paperwork that
cannot be completed over the Internet
• Digital signatures may allow companies to accept documents
legally over the Web
– Ditech.com, MortgageRamp.com and LoopNet
• Some sites provide mortgages directly from the
lenders
• Some sites act as brokers and allow customers to
search for the best mortgage
• May reduce number of broker jobs
• Stability of the lender
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4 How the Web Is Changing the
Investment Community
• In this section, we discuss
– Techniques of online trading
– Advantages and disadvantages of trading on the Internet
– The ways in which online trading has affected stock
exchanges
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.1 Electronic Communication
Networks (ECNs)
• Electronic communication networks (ECNs)
– Electronic networks that facilitate electronic trading by
listing securities order sizes and prices, connecting buyers
and sellers and processing digital orders
– Transactions completed faster because buyers and sellers
communicate directly
• Faster trading helps to lock in a buy or sell price
– Offer before and afterhours trading and increase price
transparency by listing prices from more than one exchange
• May mean the loss of the middlemen and the trading floors
– Instinet Island, REDIBook and Archipelago
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.1 Electronic Communication
Networks (ECNs)
• ECNs will benefit from decimalization—the
change of stock prices from fractions to decimals
– Decimalization saves investors money
• Nasdaq and the NYSE do not currently use ECNs
– The NYSE is attempting to address ECN competition by
offering many of the ECN advantages
• Securities
– Can represent ownership, such as stocks, or debt, such as
bonds
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.1 Archipelago Feature
• Archipelago is an ECN
• Provides anonymity to it clients
• SmartBook software executes orders by searching
internally (within Archipelago) and externally
(outside of Archipelago’s system, including other
ECNs) for best price
• Once match is made, order is executed in real time
• Archipelago has trading hours from 8 a.m. to 8
p.m. Eastern Time
• Clients can trade, buy and sell listed, Nasdaq
National Market and Nasdaq SmallCap stocks
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.1 Archipelago Feature
• Archipelago has partnered with Pacific Exchange
(PCX) to create first U.S. electronic stock
exchange
– If SEC approves, the Archipelago Exchange will permit the
trading of stocks from the American Stock Exchange
(AMEX), New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and Nasdaq
– Will be in direct competition with current exchanges
(AMEX, NYSE and Nasdaq)
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.1 Archipelago Feature
Archipelago order routing and execution example. (Courtesy of Archipelago Holdings, L.L.C.).
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.2 Online Trading
• Fullservice brokers
– Offer the speed and convenience of online trading together
with the advice of a broker
• Discountbrokerage service
– Requires selfsufficiency, leaving the investor responsible
for making and executing investment decisions
• Internetonly brokerages and hybrid brokerages
• Factors to consider when choosing to invest online
– Type of investments you wish to make
– Quality of site navigation tools and customer service
– Cost of transactional fees versus the number of trades per
year
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.2 Online Trading
• Online companies usually charge a fee for every
purchase or sale of securities made
• The Internet serves as a valuable learning tool for
new and seasoned investors
– The Motley Fool, MoneyCentral and Money.com
• Companies offering online services
– Have made investing in stocks and options accessible to a
larger audience
– Provide realtime market information
•
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.2 E*TRADE Feature
• E*TRADE allows individual investors to manage
their own investments without need for brokers
– Community section in which users can chat with others and
view Live Events over the Web
– Extended hours for trading
• Financial services include banking, insurance,
taxes, retirement and real estate
– E*TRADE BANK is FDIC insured and offers ATMs,
checking, savings, money markets and bill payment
• Offers two games in which you use “game
money” to carry out stock and options trades
– Ameritrade also offers an online stock game
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.2 E*TRADE Feature
E*TRADE offers investing and financial services. (Courtesy of E*TRADE Securities, Inc.)
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.2 ShareBuilder Feature
• ShareBuilder offers dollarbased investing
(investors can purchase stock based on a dollar
amount)
– ShareBuilder Securities Corp. collects the money and
purchases stocks once a week in a lump sum at the market
price of the stock
– Investors can purchase stock in real time by paying a higher
fee
– To sell stock, investors pay the realtime fee per transaction
– Investors can choose to periodically invest a designated
amount of money or make a onetime investment
• Payment can be made by automatic payroll deductions, check,
wired money or transfers from bank accounts
– The investor can select from more than 3,500 stocks and 68
Index shares (shares of a portfolio of stocks)
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16.4.2 ShareBuilder Feature
Dollar-based investing through ShareBuilder. (Courtesy of Netstock Corporation.)
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.