Lecture Computing for management - Chapter 11

Internet and the World Wide
Web
Lecture 11


Summary of Previous


Introduction to Telecommunications
 Basic Components of Communications
 Telecommunications Media
 Rate



of data transfer

Essential computer Network Terminologies
 Network

Topology
 Classification of Computer Networks
 Network Devices
 Recognize the individual components of the big
picture of computer networks


Summary of Previous


Computer Network Layouts

 Microcomputer-to-local area network
 Microcomputer-to-Internet
 Local area network-to-local area network
 Personal area network-to-workstation
 Local area network-to-metropolitan area
network
 Local area network-to-wide area network


Summary of Previous
 Sensor-to-local

area network
 Satellite and microwave
 Cell phones
 Computer terminal / microcomputer-tomainframe


Today’s Lecture


The Internet
 History
 Resource

that can be shared
 Applications of Internet
 Client/Server Architecture
 Internet Service Providers
 HTML

 Web Browsers


Today’s Lecture


Searching the Web
 Tips

and Techniques
 Search Process
 Different Web search tools
 Outlook Express
 Summary


The Internet


What is the Internet?



A global network of networks
It is based on Internet Protocol (IP)
A

standard (Language) used over internet for
computers to communicate with each other.

Who can Join Internet?


Anyone with a computer and internet connection.
 At

home, office, public places etc.



Any network can join the Internet
 Includes research, academic, community &
commercial networks



Pakistan have seen tremendous growth of internet in
past few years.


Internet at different places


Popularity of Internet
Impact of Internet on Society


The Internet


Connects over a hundred thousand
networks from nearly 200 countries.



According to Internet World Statistics,
internet users are 32.7% of total world
population, with the annual growth of
528.1%. (2011 Report)


Internet Growth Rate in Pakistan

Up till 2010 16.78% of Pakistan Population was using
Internet


Where did internet come from?
Late 1960s, ARPA (Advanced Research
Projects Agency). Supported by
Department of Defense, USA. To share
information within one university.
 ARPANET. To connect USA universities
and organizations to share info and
communicate. TCP Protocol.
 1973 – ARPANET connects to Europe


The ARPANET Team


Brief History


Mid-1980s – NSFNet (National Science
Foundation Network, USA)
 Formed

network between supercomputers
 Internet of NSFNet was the link to ARPANET
 No commercial traffic allowed


1990s
 ARPANET

shut down
 NSFNet abandoned
 Commercial networks take over


What’s so special about the
Internet?
Developed for information and project
sharing (academic purposes).
 Original intention


 to

allow different machines to understand
each other.



Excellent for broadcasting data and
connecting computers: less reliable for
security.


What can be shared over internet?


Many subjects and formats available to
share
Documents
Graphics, video & audio
Software (free & shareware)
Newspapers
Directories
Library catalogues & databases
Books & journals
Junk


HEC Pakistan Online Digital Library

Pakistani Internet Daily Newspaper


Internet Applications


Electronic Mail (email)
A

method of exchanging digital messages
from an author to one or more recipients.
Some early email systems required that the author
and the recipient both be online at the same time,
in common with instant messaging.
 Modern email operates across the Internet or other
computer networks.


 Domain

mail server collects incoming mail
and transmits outing mail


Email


Internet Applications


File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
 It is a standard protocol used to exchange and
manipulate files over internet
 Its purpose is to remotely share files and software


Internet Applications


Voice Over IP (VoIP)
 VoIP (voice over IP) is an IP telephony term for a set
of facilities used to manage the delivery of voice
information over the Internet.


Internet Applications


Telnet
A program that runs over your PC and
connects it to a server on the network.
 You can enter commands using Telnet
program and they will be executed as if you
were directly entering them on the server
command prompt.
 This allows you to control the server and
communicate with other servers on the
network.


Telnet Example