Pasive voice -Level 12

ACTIVE or PASSIVE VOICE
( Chủ Động và Thụ Động Cách)

Ex: 1/ A: Tom eats apples every day.
P: Apples are eaten by Tom every day.
2/ A: They saw him in the shop.
P: He was seen in the shop ( by them )
(A : Active P : Passive)
Notes:
1. Khi chủ ngữ và túc từ trong câu chủ động là đại từ, ta phải thay đổi cho phù hợp.
Ex: The teacher punished me.
 I was punished by the teacher.
A: S + V + O
P: S + BE + V
3
ed

+ by O
(chia thì theo động từ của câu Active)
ACTIVE PASSIVE
V
1
/ V
s/es

V
2
ed

Am/ is /are
Was / were

+ V
3
ed
Am/ is /are
+ V
ing
Was / were
Am/ is /are
+ being
Was / were
Has / have
+ V
3
ed
Had
Has / have
+ been
Had
Will (would)
Shall (should)
Can(could)
May (might)
Must + V
1
Be going to
Be able to
Have to
Ought to
Used to
Will (would)

Shall (should)
Can(could)
May (might)
Must + be
Be going to
Be able to
Have to
Ought to
Used to
2. Khi ch ng trong cõu ch ng l: people, I, we, you, they, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody,
anybodykhi i sang b ng thng c b i
Ex: They built this bridge last year.
This bridge was built last year (by them)
3. Khi trong cõu ch ng cú 2 tỳc t thỡ dựng tc t no lm ch ng cng c, tuy nhiờn, tỳc t ch
ngi c s dng nhiu hn.
Ex: My mother bought me a new shirt.
I was bought a new shirt by my mother.
A new shirt was bought to me by my mother.
4. Nu ch ng trong cõu ch ng l Noone/ noboby khi i sang b ng ta b by noone/ nobody nhng
ng t phi i sang th ph nh.
Ex: No one believes his story. His story isnt believed.
5.V trớ ca trng t.
Trng t ch th cỏch c t trc Past Participle.
Ex: I do my homework carefully. My homework is carefully done.
Trng t ch thi gian cú th t u cõu hoc sau by + O
Ex: I lent him money yesterday. He was lent money yesterday.
Trng t ch ni chn c t trc by + O
Ex: Mary bought the gift from that shop. the gift was bought from that shop by Mary.
MOT SO DAẽNG Bề ẹONG ẹAậC BIET
1. Cõu b ụng cú 2 tõn ng:

Ex: A: Lan gave Mary some books.
O
I
O
D
P: Mary was given some books by Lan.

OR:
(Some books were given to Mary by Lan.)
2/ Cỏc ng t: say, know, think, believe, report, rumor, claim, consider, prove, declare,
Active: S + V.1 + (that) + Clause ( S.2 + V.2 + O.2)
Passive: * It + (be) + V.1 (V3/V_ed) + (that) + Clause
* S.2 + (be) + V.1 (V.3/V_ed) + to infinitive/ to have + V.3/V_ed.
Ex: * They say that John is the brightest student in class.
It is said that John is the brightest student in class.
john is said to be the brightest student in class.
A: S + V + O
I

+ O
D
P: S + BE + V
3
ed
+ O
D
+ by + O
OR:
( S + BE + V
3

ED
+ for/ to + O
I
+ by + O)
* They declared that Mary won the competition.
 It was declared that Mary won the competition.
 Mary was declared to have won the competition.

3/ Thể nhờ bảo: “have”, “get”
a. have
Active: S + have/ has/ had + O.1 (person) + Vo + O.2 (thing)
Passive: S + have/ has/ had + O.2 (thing) + V3/V_ed
Ex: I had him repair my bike yesterday  I had my bike repaired yesterday.
b. get
Active: S + get + O.1 + to infinitive + O.2
Passive: S + get + O.2 + V3/ V_ed
Ex: I will get her to cut my hair  I will get my hair cut.

4/ Các động từ: see, watch, hear, smell, …….
Active: S + V + O + Vo/ V_ing
Passive: S be + V3/ V_ed + to infinitive/ V_ing
Ex: * People saw him steal your car.
 He was seen to steal your car
* The teacher is watching them work.
 They are being watched working by their teacher.
5/ make/ let +Vo  be + made/ let + to V
Ex: Teacher makes the students do a lot of homework.
 Students are made to do a lot of homework.
6/ need + to + V + O
vật

 S
vật
+ need + tobe + V3/ V-ing
Ex: He needs to water the flowers.
 The flowers need to be watered/ watering .
7/ remember/ hate/ keep…+someone +V-ing.
Ex: I remember my mother taking me to school on the first day.
 I remember being taken to school on the first day by my mother.
8/ Imperative form (thể mệnh lệnh)
Ex1: Keep your hand clean
 Let your hand be kept clean.
Ex2: Don’t talk the secret to her.
 Let not the secret be talked to her.
PASSIVE VOICES – EXERCISES
Exercise 1: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. My wedding ring ………… of yellow and white gold.
a. is made b. is making c. made d. maked
2. If your brother ……………., he would come.
a. invited b. were invited c. were inviting d. invite
3. References ………….. in the examination room.
a. not are used b. is not used c. didn’t used d. are not used
4. Mary …………….... in Boston.
a. are born b. were born c. was born d. born
5. My mother is going ………….. this house.
a. sold b. to be sold c. to sold d. to sell
6.There’s somebody behind us . I think we are …………….
a. being followed b. are followed c. follow d. following
7. Have you ……….... by a dog?
a. bite b. ever been bit c. ever been bitten d. bit
8.The room is being …………….. at the moment.

a. was cleaned b. cleaned c. cleaning d. clean
9. The road to our village ………….. widened next year.
a. is b. will c. can d. will be
10. The old lady was ………….exhausted after the long walk.
a. very b. absolutely c. pretty d. fairly.
11. The old man is said…………….all his money to an old people’s home when he died.
a. to leave b. to leaving c. have left d. to have left.
12. Nobody was ………… in the accident , were they?
a. injure b. was injured c. injured d. were injured
13. Renoir’s paintings ……………... masterpieces all over the world.
a. had considered b. are considered c. are considering d. consider.
14. He was advised………….singing lessons.
a. take b. taken c. taking d. to take.
15. You’d better get someone………….your living room.
a. redecorate b. redecorated c. to redecorate d. redecorating.
16. When…………..? In 1928.
a. penicillin was discovered b. did penicillin discovered.
c. was penicillin discovered d. did penicillin discover.
17. I don’t remember…………...of the decision to change the company policy on vacations.
a. telling b. being told c. to tell d. to be told.
18. The children ……………..to the zoo.
a. were enjoyed taken b. enjoyed being taken
c. were enjoyed taking d. enjoyed taking.
19. A new bike was bought ……………...him on his birthday.
a. to b. for c. with d. on.
20. His car needs ……………...
a. be fixed b. fixing c. to be fixing d. fixed
21. Her watch needs……………...
a. repairing b. to be repaired c. repaired d. a&b
22. He was said…………..this building.

a. designing b. to have designed c. to designs d. designed
23. Ted……….by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.
a. got sting b. got stung c. get stung d. gets stung
24. Let the children………...taken to the cinema.
a. to b. be c. to be d. being
25. That book ........................... by a famous author.
a. wrote b. was written c. is writing d. has written
Exercise 2: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất.
1.Somebody cleans that room everyday.
a. The room every day is cleaned. b. The room is everyday cleaned.
c. The room is cleaned every day. d. The room is cleaned by somebody everyday.
2. They cancelled all flights because of fog.
a. All flights because of fog were cancelled b. All flights were cancelled because of fog.
c. All flights were cancelled by them because of fog d. All flights were because of fog cancelled.
3.They are building a new highway around the city.
a. A new highway is being built around the city. b. A new highway is being built around the city by
them.
c. A new highway around the city is being built. d. Around the city a new highway is being built.
4.They have built a new hospital near the airport.
a. A new hospital has been built near the airport by them. b. A new hospital near the airport has been built.
c. A new hospital has been built near the airport . d. Near the airport a new hospital has been built by
them.
5. They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview.
a. You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview. b. You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview by
them.
c. A lot of questions will be asked you at the interview. d. A lot of questions will be asked at the interview.
6. People don’t use this road very often.
a. This road is not used very often. b. Not very often this road is not used.
c. This road very often is not used. d. This road not very often is used.
7. Somebody accused me of stealing money.

a. I was accused by somebody of stealing money. b. I was accused of stealing money.
c. I was accused of stealing money by somebody. d. I was accused stealing money.
8. Somebody is using the computer at the moment.
a. The computer is being used at the moment. b. The computer at the moment is being used.
c. The computer is being used by somebody at the moment. d. The computer is used at the moment.
9. The bill includes service.
a. Service is included by the bill. b. Service included in the bill.
c. Service is included in the bill. d. Service is in the bill.
10. They have changed the date of the meeting.
a. The date of the meeting has been changed. b. The date of the meeting has been changed by
them.
c. The meeting has been changed the date. d. The date of the meeting has changed.
11. It has been said that UFO sightings are increasing.
a. People say that UFO sightings are increasing. b. people have said that UFO sightings are
increasing.
c. That UFO sightings are increasing is true. d. UFO has been said to be increasing.
12. He is getting them mend the windows.
a. He’s having the windows to mend. b. He’s having to mend the windows.
c. He’s having to be mended the windows. d. He is having the windows mended.
13. They made her hand over her passport.
a. She was made to hand over her passport. b. She was made hand over her passport.
c. She was handed over to make her passport. d. She was handed over for her passport to make.