Dịch đại cương EN42 phần 1

Dịch đại cương
“business is business” could be translated
…………… as Công việc là công việc, không chen
tình cảm vào đây được.

…………… is the language to which the text to be
translated belongs. In other words, the source
language is prior to translation.

…………… translation (or sometimes
direct/interlinear translation) focuses on translating
words from the source text into the target language
while the word order of the original is preserved.

……………………..in the English sentence is
usually a noun phrase, pronouns, proper names, toinfinitives, gerunds, or clauses

………………………………..meaning is also
referred to as conceptual, cognitive or propositional
meaning, but the sense is the same.

………………………………….is based on the
meaning of the text which aims to produce the
message of the original but tends to distort nuances of
meaning by using idioms and colloquialism where
there do n ot exist in the original.

………………………………should be aware of the

a. Freeing
b. Freedom Câu trả lời

không đúng
c. Free
d. Freely Câu trả lời
đúng
a. The first part of the
language
b. The source language
Câu trả lời đúng
c. The foreign language
d. The language form
a. Word by word
b. Word for word Câu trả
lời đúng
c. Word with word Câu
trả lời không đúng
d. Word in word
a. The clause
b. The predicate
c. The adverb
d. The subject Câu trả lời
đúng
a. denotative
b. Literal Câu trả lời
không đúng
c. Indirect
d. Direct Câu trả lời
không đúng
a. Idiomatic
translation Câu trả lời
đúng

b. Faithful translation
c. Semantic translation
d. Communicative
translation
a. Translators Câu trả lời
đúng


concepts muli-words convey and the rules how to
make and write compound words in English.

b. Doctors
c. Workers
d. Teachers

a. Communicative
………………is characterized by keeping the main
translation
idea/gist of a text, omitting all of its supporting details
Câu trả lời không đúng
and subsidiary arguments.
b. Free translation
c. Gist translation Câu trả
lời đúng
d. Literal translation
……………is featured by the fact that grammatical
structures and the meaning of words are translated
almost as closely as those in the target language
without paying attention to the situation or context .

……………to whom the translated text is addressed
are native or non-native users of the target language.

a. Communicative
translation Câu trả lời
không đúng
b. Literal translation Câu
trả lời không đúng
c. Semantic translation
d. Faithful translation
a. The interpreters
b. The readers Câu trả
lời đúng
c. The reporters
d. The translators

…………sits next to or behind his “client” doing a
great variety of activities under different names:
“community interpreting”, “public service
interpreting”, “hospital interpreting”, “mental health
interpreting” and “social service interpreting”

a. The interpreter Câu
trả lời đúng
b. The editor
c. The translator
d. The analyst
e. The operator

……is the interpreter of the source text, and the

producer of the final interpretation which determines
the meaning(s) which readers of the translation will
read.

a. The translator Câu trả
lời đúng
b. The writer
c. The teacher
d. The reseacher

A consecutive interpreter is one whose job is to
change what…………………in one language into
another language.

a. has been said Câu trả
lời đúng
b. Was said
c. Have been said
d. Were said


A satisfactory translation is always possible, but a
good translator is never satisfied ………it.

A sentence is a group of words conveying a complete
idea which normally contain a subject and a verb
predicate…………………

A simultaneous translator changes what
……………………in one language into another

language as someone is speaking.

A text could be translated into anything, ranging from
one sentence to usually one third of the original
length, depending …………………

A text could be translated into anything, ranging from
one sentence to usually one third of the
…………………length, depending on specific
situations.
A Vietnamese-English translated text should follow
the language rules……………. social-cultural
features of the English – not Vietnamese – language
and vice versa.
Adaptation can also be considered a translation
technique used when the context in the original text
……… in the Target Text culture.

Adaptation is a highly free type of translation. Here
the focus is on socio-cultural phenomena or
………………that are absent in the target culture.

a. With Câu trả lời đúng
b. About
c. Of
d. for
a. In negative forms Câu
trả lời không đúng
b. in “finite” forms Câu
trả lời đúng

c. In various forms
d. In good forms
a. Was being said
b. Has been said Câu trả
lời không đúng
c. is being said Câu trả
lời đúng
d. Have been said
a. for specific situations.
b. Of specific situations.
c. with specific situations.
d. on specific situations.
Câu trả lời đúng
a. Originate
b. Origin
c. Origination
d. original Câu trả lời
đúng
a. and Câu trả lời đúng
b. or
c. So
d. but
a. does not return
b. does not exist Câu trả
lời đúng
c. does not run
d. does not work
a. Drillings

b. Works
c. practices Câu trả lời
đúng
d. Trainings
Adaptation translation aims to create an equivalence
a. the same value Câu trả
of ……. applicable to a different situation than that of
lời đúng
the source language.
b. The same method
c. The same thing
d. The same way.
As can be seen from above, the English sentence is
mechanically indicated by means of a period/stop (.),
a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!) –
never by a comma (,) -……………………..

As for noun phrases (NP), the noun (common noun:
love, proper noun: Mai, and pronoun: you) is ………
of the phrase.

As indicated by the word “free”, free translation
(sometimes dynamic translation) focuses more
……..than form in the target language

At the beginning of the 1970s, the focus shifted from
the word or phrase ……the text as a unit of
translation.
Certain strategies ………………… those differences;
for example, certain expressions or key terms in their

text-to-be need to be selected.

a. at the beginning in
writing
b. at the end in
writing Câu trả lời đúng
c. by the end in writing
d. In the middle in
writing
a. Hand
b. Head Câu trả lời đúng
c. Arm
d. Leg Câu trả lời không
đúng
a.on content Câu trả lời
đúng
b. On words
c. On meanings
d. On structures Câu trả
lời không đúng
a. At
b. For
c. To Câu trả lời đúng
d. With
a. Dealing
b. to deal with Câu trả
lời đúng


c. Dealing with

d. To deal
Communicative translation gives high priority to the
message communicated in the text where the actual
form of the original is not closely bound to
……………
compared with ………………text, the target
language translated text may be so long, longer, or
even shorter and may have new features which may
not be found in the source language.

Concept is used in this section to refer not to the form
(word) but only ……… the meaning in any given
language.
Connotation is subjective by the language users, and
can be influenced by ……

Coordinating conjuctions are only in mid-position
whereas ………………conjunctions can be in initial
or mid-position in the sentence.

a. Forms
b. its intended
meaning Câu trả lời đúng
c. Intention
d. Structures
a. the source language
Câu trả lời đúng
b. The source of the
language
c. The source of the text

d. The source text Câu trả
lời không đúng
a. Towards
b. Under
c. For
d. To Câu trả lời đúng
a. Many methods
b. Many objects
c. Many subjects
d. many factors Câu trả
lời đúng
a. Subordination
b. subordinate
c. Subordinative Câu trả
lời không đúng
d. Subordinating Câu trả
lời đúng

a. Difference
Different strategies or different methods of translation
b. Differ
produce ………………. kinds of translation.
c. Different Câu trả lời
đúng
d. differently
During preparations for
simultaneous………………….., the interpreters’
booth, if not fixed, should be positioned so that the
interpreters can see the speakers.

a. Interprete
b. Interpreted
c. Interpreting
d. Interpretation Câu trả


lời đúng
English prepositions are usually single words in, at,
on…; …………, there are some prepositions that
look like a phrase, phasal prepositions: because of, in
spite of…

English vocabulary mostly consists in single words,
but …………….…..of multiword vocabulary is not
small.

Every text has a set of words which ……………………… to the
content and correct communication of the theme.

a. Additionally
b. Further more
c. However Câu trả lời
đúng
d. More over Câu trả lời
không đúng
a. The fact
b. The number
c. the amount Câu trả lời
đúng
d. The figure

Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. are crucial

b. Has been crucial
c. is crucial
d. Is being crucial

Faced by a text in a language, as student translators,
you should analyze the text by asking and
…………………………….several questions.

Faithful translation can be described as one kind of
translation which tries ………of words and context
situation according to the grammar rules of the target
language.

Figurative meaning is based on or makes use of
figures of ………………such as metaphor (an
implied comparison between two things with the
same characteristic.
For simultaneous interpretation, microphones,
earphones and a booth are necessary ……………….

a. Tobe answered
b. Answered
c. Answering Câu trả lời
đúng
d. To be answering
a. To create the meanings
b. To find out the

menaings
c. To change the
meanings
d. to convey the meanings
Câu trả lời đúng
a. Writing
b. speak
c. Speech Câu trả lời
đúng
d. Listening
a. Machines
b. Electrical devices
c. Domestic tools
d. technical equipment.


Câu trả lời đúng
Gist translation can be used in language learning
situations (using the same language) ………at a
written test

Gist translation canbe used in language learning
situations (using the same language) ………………at
a written test

He or she reformulates the translation according to
the grammar rules, …………….., cultural norms in
the target language.

However, grammatical words in general and articles

and prepositions in ………………..might cause
headache to translators.

Idiomatic translation can be applied to the English
sentence that describes the degree of the sameness of
the two girls’ appearance “ They look ………….. the
same” (Chúng giống nhau như hai giọt nước).
If any key words are …………….., the text will need
to be checked carefully for consistency in the change
made.

If any key words are changed, the text will need to be
checked carefully for consistency in the
change……………….
If the source text is taken to be the starting point of

a. to summarize a written
text Câu trả lời đúng
b. to correct a written text
c. to consider a written
text
d. to write a written text
a. to summarize a written
text Câu trả lời đúng
b. to consider a written
text
c. to write a written text
d. to correct a written text
a. word usage Câu trả lời
đúng

b. word using
c. word use
d. word to use
a. Time
b. deed
c. particular Câu trả lời
đúng
d. fact
a. Exact
b. Exactness
c. Exactly Câu trả lời
đúng
d. Exacting
a. Change
b. Changed Câu trả lời
đúng
c. Changing
d. To change
a. Making
b. made. Câu trả lời đúng
c. Is making
d. Being made
a. The reviewing process


the translation process, then the translated text is the
text which results from ………

In ………………………..the form of the source language is
replaced by the form of the receptor/target language.

b. The analysis process
c. the translation process.
Câu trả lời đúng
d. The editing process
Translation

a. Transliteration
In ………………………..the form of the source
b. Translation Câu trả lời
language is replaced by the form of the receptor/target
đúng
language.
c. translated
d. Translating
In addition…………..the changes resulting from the
movement from one language to another, translation
necessarily changes the receiver or addressee of the
text.
In English, the …………….. phrase can be used after
a verb, an adjective, or a noun and depend on them.

In English, the negation of the verb in the first clause
stands for ……..in the following clause.

In English-Vietnamese translation of the predicate
verb, the meanings of time and aspect can
……………………to such words as đã, sẽ, sắp,
đang…

In other words, adaptation translation aims to create
an equivalence of the same value
……………………. to a different situation.

a. for
b. on
c. to Câu trả lời đúng
d. of
a. prepositionally
b. prepositions
c. Prepositional Câu trả
lời đúng
d. preposition Câu trả lời
không đúng
a. the negation of the
auxiliary verb
b. The affirmative form
of the verb
c. the positive form of the
verb
d. the negation of the
verb Câu trả lời đúng
a. Suitable Câu trả lời
không đúng
b. Respond
c. Correspond Câu trả lời
đúng
d. Go
a. Apply
b. Applicant

c. Applicable Câu trả lời
đúng


d. Application
In some cases a prepositional phrase at the beginning
of the English sentence may …………………that it
is the subject of the sentence:

a. make the translator
understand Câu trả lời
không đúng
b. make the translator get
confusing
c. make the translator
misunderstand Câu trả lời
đúng
d. make the translator feel
confusing

a. And so hot
In the history of translation development there have
b. And so long
been a great number of terms: literal, free, literary,
c. and so forth. Câu trả
non-literary, borrowing, equivalence, figurative, so on
lời đúng
………
d. And so far
In the other theory of translation, the predominant

purpose is……… , but rather moves in its new dress
with the same ease as in its native rendering.
In this situation the translator’s task is recreate some
form of language ……………the same meaning.

to produce a result that
does not read like a
translation at all
a. To follow
b. to convey Câu trả lời
đúng
c. To correct
d. To change

In Vietnamese, words that correspond to both lexical
…………………. grammatical words in English are
numerous.
In word formation, morphemes which occur at the
end of a word are called………………………….

In word formation, morphemes which occur at the
front of a word are called ……………………….

a. so
b. But
c. And Câu trả lời đúng
d. Or
a. bound
b. root
c. prefixes Câu trả lời

không đúng
d. Suffixes !!
a. prefixes Câu trả lời
đúng
b. root.
c. Inflectional


d. Suffixes
It can be said that language cannot exist without
words. Word ………is the reflection of human
perception of the world.

It goes without saying that all the types of translation
mentioned above may ………….. justified in
particular circumstances.
It is ………………..that in an English sentence the
predicate verb (V) be in finite forms, the predicate
agreeing with the subject in person and number

It is also very useful for the translator
……………………and analyze the original text
before translating it into the target language.

a. Combination
b. formimg
c. categorization
d. Changing Câu trả lời
không đúng
a. been

b. was
c. is
d. be Câu trả lời đúng
a. Bad
b. Obligatory Câu trả lời
đúng
c. New
d. Strange
a. to understand Câu trả
lời đúng
b. Undertood
c. to understanding
d. Understanding

It is also very useful for the translator to understand
and analyze the original text before ………….it into
the target language.

It is clear that words are ……..of by morphemes. For
example, the word “book” has one morpheme and
“book-s” two morphemes

It is the structural part of language which is actually
seen in print or heard in ………

a. translating Câu trả lời
đúng
b. Turning
c. Exchanging
d. Changing

a. Contained up
b. Taken up
c. made up Câu trả lời
đúng
d. Consisted up
a. Spoke
b. Spoken
c. Speech Câu trả lời
đúng
d. Speaking Câu trả lời


không đún
It may then be possible to translate with a word in the
receptor language which is ………………… the
central concept and use a phrase to add a further
definition.
Literal force is of course inevitably lost in these cases
and the best that can be achieved is ……..to the
pragmatic function of the TL cultural reference or
practice.

a. equivalent on Câu trả
lời không đúng
b. equivalent for
c. equivalent with
d. equivalent to
a. by means of
arrangement
b. by means of

faithfulness Câu trả lời
đúng
c. by means of correction
d. by means of cleanness

Mastery of the source language is a …………….for
the translator, since this mastery is the key to his/her
readings and interpretations of the text to be
translated.
Meaning components are ‘packaged’ differently in
one language from another. That is why the translator
needs …………… to analyze the lexical items
(words) of the source text in order to translate them.

Once the translation is completed, the translator
should revise it, rarely fewer than three times and,
………, with a time lapse (after hours or even days)
between revisions.
Polysemes can be compared with homonyms, which
are words with several …………………meanings

Practically, whether ………………is termed as
‘Translation Theory’ or ‘Translation Studies’ it
culminates with the theory on proper principles of

a. Could
b. Can
c. May
d. Must Câu trả lời đúng
a. Have been able

b. be able Câu trả lời
không đúng
c. Has been able
d. to be able câu trả lời
đúng
a. when possibly
b. when possiblity Câu trả
lời không đúng
c. when possible
d. when with possiblity
a. Common
b. Direct
c. Popular
d. Unrelated Câu trả lời
đúng
a. the study of translation
Câu trả lời đúng
b. The interest in


translation.

Remember that all of our verbalizing must be done in
the target language now. We must
………………..between alternatives and produce a
text that is sequentially complete.

translation
c. The practice of
translation

d. The usefulness of
translation
a. Choosing
b. To choose
c. Choose Câu trả lời
đúng
d.

a. Words and phrases
Semantic translation focuses to a great degree on
b. Contents
………………..and form (syntax) of the original texts
c. Structures
of high status
d. meaning (semantic
content) Câu trả lời đúng
Semantically, the meaning of a word includes a
number of meaning components classified as things,
events, attributes or relations which are combined
………………lexical items.
Since the mid-1970s the name ‘Translation Studies’
has been adopted to indicate that the …….
……………………………………………is not just a
minor branch of comparative literary study, nor yet a
specific area of linguistics, but a vastly complex
field .
Since figurative language is not intended to be interpreted in a
literal sense, in ………………… figurative language, translators
should make use of comparison between different things

a. Under
b. for
c. into Câu trả lời đúng
d. about
a. Way of translating
b. study of translation
Câu trả lời đúng
c. Method of translation
d. Field of translation
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Translated
b. Translate
c. translation
d. Translating Đúng

Sometimes the grammar structure or the form of the
words in the target language may …………………

Syntactical forms which …………. used to express
grammatical meanings of the verb in English
sentences are obligatory,

a. Remain
b. change Câu trả lời
đúng
c. keep
d. stay
a. Is
b. are Câu trả lời đúng
c. been

d. Has been Câu trả lời


không đúng
The …………………………….in the English
sentence usually stands right after the subject, giving
information about the subject.

a. Verb phrase
b. verb predicate Câu trả
lời đúng
c. Verb form
d. Verb patterns

The ................ of words in Vietnamese does not seem to be so
distinctive: word classes do not have their typical forms, their
forms never change in the sentence.

Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Classification đúng
b. Classify
c. class
d. Classes

The choice of the right word in the receptor language
to translate a word in the source-language text
depends more ………than upon a fixed system of
verbal consistency.

The classification of words in Vietnamese does not

seem to be so distinctive: word classes do not have
their typical forms, their forms never change in the
sentence.
The classifications of translation types are many
according to different points of view, based on either
structure, function, or ………

The elements of translation interact as elements
achieving one function, in ……each element relates
to one or more of the rest.

The forms are ……………… to as the surface

a. At the context Câu trả
lời không đúng
b. on the context Câu trả
lời đúng
c. About the source text
d. With the meaning of
the text
a. class
b. Classify
c. Classes
d. Classification Câu trả
lời đúng
a. Meaning Câu trả lời
không đúng
b. semantics of language.
Câu trả lời đúng
c. Meaningfulness

d. Meanings Câu trả lời
không đúng
a. What
b. Which Câu trả lời
đúng
c. who
d. When
a. refer
b. Referred Câu trả lời


structure of a language.

The instructor can then hope to measure the students’
linguistic competence by …..

đúng
c. Referring
d. Reference Câu trả lời
không đúng
a. Asking some questions
Câu trả lời không đúng
b. means of the target
language products. Câu
trả lời đúng
c. Encouraging them to
work more
d. Practising more and
more

The language of translation is ………………. from
the translated text, reflecting the translator’s
interpretations, the translator’s strategies and the
translator’s abilities.
The language of translation is perceived from the
translated text, ……………the translator’s
interpretations, the translator’s strategies and the
translator’s abilities.

The linguistic approaches basically ……………..
translating as a code-switching operation.

The linguistic approaches basically saw translating as
……………………………

a. Take
b. Perceived Câu trả lời
đúng
c. Get
d. Have
a. Understanding Câu trả
lời không đúng
b. Interacting
c. practising
d. reflecting Câu trả lời
đúng
a. Seeing
b. Sees
c. Saw Câu trả lời đúng
d. seen

a. An authentic way of
expressing ideas.
b. a code-switching
operation. Câu trả lời
đúng
c. A good way of
communication
d. A subject of study

a. The target text
The manner in which the target reader responds to the
b. The full text
target text must be the same as that in which the
c. the source text. Câu trả
source reader responded to …………………


lời đúng
d. The final text
a. Closing
The meaning of words are translated almost as
b. closely Câu trả lời
……………… as those in the target language without
đúng
paying attention to the situation or context
c. Closeness
d. close
The number of words and the sentence length may
vary, depending on the ……………….of the
translator when he/she adds explanations or

comments to make clear the meaning of the original.
The predominant purpose of theories of translation is
………… of every word and phrase in the original.
The presentation here is conducted in a systematic
manner with ……… restricted interactivity and
closeness and much faster than consecutive
interpretation.

a. Subjectivity Câu trả lời
đúng
b. Object
c. Subject
d. Complement
to express as exactly as
possible the full force and
meaning
a. Somewhen
b. Somewhich
c. Somewhat Câu trả lời
đúng
d. somewhere

a. Where
The producer of the final interpretation
b. Which Câu trả lời đúng
…………………… determines the meaning(s) which
c. When
readers of the translation will read.
d. What
The readers to whom the ………………….. text is

addressed are native or non-native users of the target
language.

The sentence is structurally made up of a group of
words which has subject and ……………………..as
indispensible elements; the complement, object and
adverbial are optional:
The source language, as has been seen earlier, is not
only the very central and initial point for the
…………….of the translation process but also is the
background for all translation processes.

a. Translate
b. Translated Câu trả lời
đúng
c. translating
d. translation
a. Verb form
b. verb predicate Câu trả
lời đúng
c. verb patterns
d. Verb phrase
a. Starting
b. started
c. To start
d. Start Câu trả lời đúng


The source text is the text which has been chosen for
translation. The translator cannot, without a good

reason, change any………………..

The source-language content, form, style, function,
etc. must be preserved, or at least that the translation
must seek ………….them as far as possible.

The stage of editing the translated text which
……………. the form of a careful last-minute
checking and correcting of possible mistakes or other
inaccuracies is implemented in most cases of
translation.

a. Topic of the text
b. Meaning of the text
Câu trả lời không đúng
c. part of the source text.
d. Element of the text
Câu trả lời không đúng
a. to preserve Câu trả lời
đúng
b. Preserve
c. Preserving
d. preservation
a. takes Câu trả lời đúng
b. Taking
c. Took
d. Taken

The structures of …………………………………. will be preserved
as closely as possible but not so closely that the target language

structure will be seriously distorted.

the source language

The structures of ………………………………….
will be preserved as closely as possible but not so
closely that the target language structure will be
seriously distorted.

a. sentence
b. Clause
c. target
d. the source language
Câu trả lời đúng

The target language is the language into which
……………………from another language is
translated.
The theory of translation involves normative
approaches, putting a strong emphasis on prescribing
to translators how to and ……………

The three elements of source language, source text,
and translator, theoretically and ………. precede the
translated text.

a. A paper
b. A report
c. a text Câu trả lời đúng
d. A document

a. translating
b. how not to translate.
Câu trả lời đúng
c. Where to translate
d. What to translate Câu
trả lời không đúng
a. Practical
b. practice
c. Practically Câu trả lời
đúng
d. Practise


The translated text is the actual definite material,
…………has been produced by conveying the
meaning of a source text in terms of another language
and culture.

a. Which Câu trả lời
đúng
b. Where
c. What
d. When

a. conveying the meaning
The translated text is the actual definite material,
Câu trả lời đúng
which has been produced by ……………………..of a
b. Reviewing the contents
source text in terms of another language and culture.

c. Analysing the text
d. Producing the context
The translator also has to solve, ……………….,
matters involving text adjustments in terms of
additions, omissions and adaptations.

The translator begins drafting the translation piece by
piece, section …………………………by using the
lexis and structures

a. in mind Câu trả lời
đúng
b. Inside mind
c. At mind
d. Within mind
a. By phrase
b. by section Câu trả lời
đúng
c. By sentence
d. By step

The translator discovers the meaning behind the
forms in the source language and does his best to
produce the same meaning
…………………………………………….

a. in the target language
Câu trả lời đúng
b. in the source language
c. Outside the source text

d. Out of the source text

The translator has to think over his/her translation to
suit a reader according to the reader’s social norms in
the target language, so the language of translation is
…

a. Common
b. social. Câu trả lời
đúng
c. Private
d. Personal

The translator is …………element in translation,
since the study of translation and the language of
translation is no more than the study of the
translator’s linguistic ability

a. the most important
Câu trả lời đúng
b. an unimportant
c. A small
d. The only

a. Cultivate
The translator is supposed to be beyond the influences
b. Cultivation
of the social and …………. environment of any of the
c. Culture
two languages.

d. Cultural Câu trả lời


đúng
The translator is unable to change any aspect of the
source language. Rather, many aspects of the
translator’s work are conditioned and determined
by……

The translator must guard against trying to match
………………….. from language to language, since
each language has its own system for arranging
concepts into different parts of speech.

The translator must strive for equivalence rather than
identity. In a sense this is just another way of
emphasizing ………………….rather than the
conservation of the form of the utterance

The translator should examine his reasons for
choosing the text and the potential for its use by the
……………………………………….audience.

a. the source language.
b. The second language
c. The translated
language
d. The target language
Câu trả lời không đúng
a. pieces of speech

b. bits of speech
c. sections of speech Câu
trả lời không đúng
d. parts of speech câu trả
lời đúng
a. The correction of the
message
b. The formation of the
message
c. the reproduction of the
message Câu trả lời đúng
d. The creation of the
message
a. Received language
b. Receptor language
Câu trả lời đúng
c. Receiver language
d. Receiving language

The translator should remember …..the zero article
with plural count nouns in English to mean generally

The translator should try ………..in the text those
differences (usually by underlining) both in linguistic
and cultural aspects between the source and target
language
The translator tries to come as close as possible to the
meaning conveyed by the words, by means of word

a. Usage Câu trả lời

không đúng
b. Using
c. to use Câu trả lời đúng
d. Use
a. Finding
b. To found
c. to find Câu trả lời
đúng
d. Found
a. Used
b. conveyed. Câu trả lời


order change or word choice so that the true meaning
is……………….
The translator, like the linguist who …………..all
human languages to be on an equal footing, is among
the first candidate to be liberated from the dominance
of one language/culture
The translator’s judgments, strategies and
manipulations ………………all potentially exist in
the translator’s interpretation of the source text and
the formulation of the translated text which is
governed by the target language.
The translators should read the text several times,
then if possible read other materials that may help in
understanding the culture or language of the
……………………

There are a variety of cultural elements to take

into………………..when starting a translation.

There are some word classes that are only typical in
certain languages, so the number of word classes in
all languages is not similar and their
………………..are not the same.

đúng
c. Checked
d. done
a. took
b. taken
c. takes Câu trả lời đúng
d. taking
a. Do Câu trả lời đúng
b. Did
c. Does
d. Done
a. Passage
b. Language
c. source text Câu trả lời
đúng
d. Paragraph
a. consideration Câu trả
lời đúng
b. Consider .
c. Considered
d. Considering
a. Relationship
b. Syntactic functions

c. structure Câu trả lời
không đúng
d. grammartical context.

a. Or Câu trả lời không
there is a skewing between the semantic classification
đúng
…………… the grammatical classification. Some
b. nor
words are made up of more than one concept.
c. but
d. And câu trả lời đúng
a. subtracting
There is any place where information has been added,
b. To subtract
omitted, or subtracted
c. subtracted Câu trả lời
đúng
d. Substract


There is no article in Vietnamsese whereas the
………….of article: indefinite articles a, an, definite
article the, or zero article is a must in English noun
phrases.
There is some unusuality or ……… in the target
language.

There will be words which …………….some of the
meaning components combined in them matching a

word which has these components with some
additional ones.

a. Usage
b. Using
c. Use Câu trả lời đúng
d. Used
a. Nature
b. Natural
c. Unnaturalness Câu trả
lời đúng
d. unnatural Câu trả lời
không đúng
a. Had
b. have Câu trả lời đúng
c. Has
d. Having

Things are defined as all animate beings and all
inanimate entities. Events include all actions,
processes, ……….. experiences.

a. Nor
b. For
c. And Câu trả lời đúng
d. So

This means that the translator has,
………………….the pressure of deadlines, more
time than the interpreter (especially the simultaneous

interpreter) to process the source text thoroughly .

a. Despite Câu trả lời
đúng
b. In spite
c. although
d. though

To have interpretation as precise as possible, they
should make regular shorter breaks to enable the
interpreters …………………….the message in the
same spirit.

a. to relay Câu trả lời
đúng
b. To justify
c. To change
d. To reproduc

to translate means “……………… a text in a target
setting for a target purpose and target addresses in
target circumstances”.

Today, roughly speaking, three ………………….of
interpreting are practiced: liaison, consecutive and
simultaneous interpreting.

a. To arrange
b. to produce Câu trả lời
đúng

c. To get Câu trả lời
không đúng
d. To correct
a. senses
b. Speeds
c. Forms Câu trả lời
đúng


d. steps
a. Transformed
Translating may be defined as the process of
b. transformer Câu trả lời
……………………signs or representations into other
không đúng
signs or representations.
c. Transforming Câu trả
lời đúng
d. Transformation
Translating must aim primarily at
…………………………………….To do anything
else is essentially false to one’s task as a translator.
Translation has become popular in language learning
and daily life. So far, there have been
………………………definitions of translation.
Translation has become popular in language learning
and daily life. So far, there have been many ………..
……………….. of translation,

Translation is rendering a written text into another

language in a way that the …………….. intended the
text.

Translation is the ………………. of a representation
of a text in one language by a representation of an
equivalent text in a second language.

Translation is the expression in another language (target
language) of what has been expressed in one language (source
language), preserving…………………………

Translation is the expression in another language
(target language) of what has been expressed in one
language (………………………), preserving
semantic and stylistic equivalencies.

“reproducing the
message.”
a. many Câu trả lời đúng
b. 17
c. 18
d. 20
a. defining
b. definition
c. definition
d. definitions Câu trả lời
đúng
a. Worker
b. Author Câu trả lời
đúng

c. Secretary
d. Musician
a. Replaced
b. Replacement Câu trả
lời đúng
c. Replaceable
d. Replacing
semantic and stylistic
equivalencies.

source language

a. All the features of
Translation is the expression in another language
words and phrases, not
(target language) of what has been expressed in one
the whole sentence.
language (source language), preserving………………


b. semantic and stylistic
equivalencies. Câu trả lời
đúng
c. The simplest form of
the language in
communication
d. Only the best meanings
of the texts
Translation it must be conceived as an integral communicative
……………………………………

Translation it must be conceived as an integral
communicative……………………….

Translation may be defined as follows: the
replacement of textual material in one language
(Source Ianguage.) by …………………. in another
language (Target Language).

Translation should ensure that the ……… meaning of
the two will be approximately similar.
Translation Studies, indeed a discipline in its own
right, aims ……… which can be used as a guideline
for the production of translations.
Translation theory includes ……………………….for
translating figurative language, dealing with lexical
mismatches, rhetorical questions, inclusion of
cohesion markers, and many other topics crucial to
good translation.
Translation theory includes principles for translating
figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches,
rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers,
and …

Performance
a. Performance Câu trả
lời đúng
b. Performed
c. performing
d. Performative Câu trả

lời không đúng
a. equivalent clauses
b. equivalent words Câu
trả lời không đúng
c. equivalent material
Câu trả lời đúng
d. equivalent sentences
Câu trả lời không đúng
. surface
to produce a
comprehensive theory
a. Principles Câu trả lời
đúng
b. Reasons
c. Results
d. Causes

a. To give translator a
chance
b. Other fields to
complete the process.
c. A lot of work to do
d. many other topics


crucial to good
translation. Câu trả lời
đúng
Translation, by dictionary definition, consists of
changing from one state or form to another, to turn

into ………………or another’s language.

a. Her own
b. His own
c. Their own
d. one’s own Câu trả lời
đúng

a. Rewrite
Translator need revise the draft on the basis of the
b. Reworded Câu trả lời
feedback received from those people who may have
không đúng
suggested many…………………., changes, additions
c. Rewriting
or omissions with the translator.
d. Rewordings
Translators have to make sure that they
………………….a text well in the original language

Translators should define both subject and verb
predicate at …………….. time if they want to
translate a sentence.

a. Understanding
b. Understood
c. understand Câu trả lời
đúng
d. To understand
a. the same Câu trả lời

đúng
b. The big
c. The nice.
d. The good

Translators should define proper verbs of English to
go with the subject, either …………………….: be,
get, become… or action/dynamic verbs run, work…
to follow the subject.

a. linking/static verbs
Câu trả lời đúng
b. Transitive verbs
c. Mono-transitive verbs
d. di-transitive verbs

Translators should rely on the context to select the
right word; in ………………about which word to be
used, they could consult a dictionary of synonyms
and antonyms or any thesaurus for help.

a. case of doubt Câu trả
lời đúng
b. example of doubt
c. way of doubt
d. field of doubt

a. in several ways
Translators should use procedures of tranposition to
b. in many ways

render from the Source Language texts …………as to
c. in such ways Câu trả
suit the Target Language grammar rules.
lời đúng
d. in such a way


Typically, two interpreters are placed together in a
booth, and they follow an audio-transmission of
speeches and …………………….

Vietnamese is a ………… language. Vietnamese
words do not change their forms.

a. interpret them directly.
Câu trả lời đúng
b. Doing the
interpretation
c. Translate all the things
d. Interpreting the talks
a. First
b. non-inflectional Câu
trả lời đúng
c. inflectional
d. Second

What is generally understood as translation involves
the ……………..of a source language text into the
target text.

What the interpreter is unable to grasp in his first and
only confrontation with the text is
…………….forever.

When a word has one morpheme, the morpheme
belongs to the ……………….. category girl, house,
do… which cannot be divided into smaller
meaningful units.
When analyzing the text for translation
……………… the first time, the translator needs to
find answers to these questions:

when meeting for the first time,
…………………………..when introduced to a guest,
English people often say: How do you do? as a
greeting

whereas the interpreter is faced with a unique, orally

a. playing
b. rendering Câu trả lời
đúng
c. talking
d. telling
a. Losing
b. lose
c. Lost Câu trả lời đúng
d. disappeared
a. Free/root Câu trả lời
đúng

b. Inflectional
c. Bound
d. Affixational
a. with
b. in Câu trả lời không
đúng
c. for
d. Under
a. specially
b. Especially Câu trả lời
đúng
c. Specialization
d. special Câu trả lời
không đúng
a. The difficulty


delivered text, the translator has ……………………
of “flicking back” through the permanently available
written text.
While the source text is addressed to a certain
…………………, the translated text changes this
factor in the situation of the language event to new
readers in a new language.

b. the possibility Câu trả
lời đúng
c. The pleasure
d. The happiness
a.

b. Readership Câu trả lời
đúng
c. Read
d. reader Câu trả lời
không đúng