Environmental issues of thermal power plants

Environmental issues of
thermal power plants
Dr. Hoang Duong Tung
Centre for Environmental Monitoring, Data and Information
MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
Vietnam Environmental Protection Agency
Ha Long, 08/2008
Content
Content
1.

Thermal power plants in Vietnam
2.

Law and legal documents
3.

Environmental issues of thermal power
plants
4.

Environment protection measures for
thermal power plants
1. Thermal power plants in Vietnam
Source: 8-2008, Department of Energy, Ministry of Industry and Trade
Thermal power plants (TPP) in Vietnam: 27
1.

Coal fired TPP: 10
2.

Gas TPP: 13
3.

Diesel TPP: 4
1. Thermal power plants in Vietnam
Plan for construction of the thermal power plants (coal fired/diesel/gas) from 2006 to 2015
Source: Decision No 110/2007/QĐ-TTg dated 18/07/2007
Plant Capacity Investor Plant Capacity Investor
Operation in 2007 Operation in 2009
Cao

Ngạncoal –

fired TPP
100 VINACOMIN/IPP
Cam Pha

1 power
plant
300 VINACOMIN/IPP
HH Ca Mau I turbo-

gas power plant
750 PVN/IPP
Hai

Phong

I #2
TPP

300
Hai

Phong

thermal
power joint stock
company (TPJSC)
Uông

Bi MR #1
power plant
300 EVN
Quang

Ninh

I #1,2
TPP
600
Quang

Ninh

TPJSC
in 2008 O Mon I #1 TPP 300 EVN
HH Ca Mau II turbo-

gas power plant
750 PVN/IPP

Hai

Phong

II #1
TPP
300 Hai

PhongTPJSC
Son Dong coal-fired
power plant
220 VINACOMIN/IPP
NĐ Mao Khe

#1
TPP
220 VINACOMIN/IPP
Hải

Phòng

I#1 TPP 300 CTCPNĐ Hải

Phòng
NĐ Nong

Son
TPP
30 VINACOMIN/IPP
Dung Quat

oil
refinement TPP
104 PVN/IPP
1. Thermal power plants in Vietnam
Plant Capacity Investor Plant Capacity Investor
In 2010 In 2011
Quang

Ninh

II#1
TPP
300
Quang

Ninh

TPPJSC
Uong

Bi MR #2
TPP
300 EVN
Hai

Phong

II#2 TPP 300
Hai

Phong

TPPJSC
Mong

Duong I #1
TPP
500 EVN
Cam Pha

II TPP 300 VINACOMIN/IPP
Mong

Duong II #1
TPP
600 ASE/BOT
O Mon I #2 TPP 300 EVN
Quang

Ninh

II #2
TPP
300
Quang

Ninh

TPPJSC

Vung

Ang

I #1TPP 600 LILAMA/IPP Vung

Ang

I #2TPP 600 LILAMA/IPP
Vinh

Tan I,#1,2
Coal-fired TPP
1200 CSG/BOT
Thang

Long coal-

fired TPP
300
Thang

Long
TPPJSC
Mao Khe

#2 TPP 220 VINACOMIN/IPP Nghi

Son I # 1 TPP 300 EVN
NhơnTrạch

2
Combined gas
turbine TPP
750 PVN/IPP
Vinh

Tan I, # 1
coal-fired TPP
600 CSG/BOT
Mini hydropower +
renewable energy
100 IPP
Plan for construction of the thermal power plants (coal fired/diesel/gas) from 2006 to 2015
Source: Decision No 110/2007/QĐ-TTg dated 18/07/2007
1. Thermal power plants in Vietnam
Plant Capacity Investor Plant Capacity Investor
Operation in 2012 Operation in 2013
Nghi

Son I # 2
TPP
300 EVN Nghi

Sơn

II #2 TPP 600
BOT/BOO
procurement
Mong

Duong I #2
TPP
500 EVN
Vũng

Áng

II #1,2
TPP
1200
Joint stock co.
managed by
Lilama
Mong

Duong II #2
TPP
600 ASE/BOT
SơnMỹ

#2 coal
fired TPP
600 BOO/BOT
Vinh

Tan I #2 coal-

fired TPP
600 CSG/BOT

Trà

Vinh

I, # 2 coal-

fired TPP
600 EVN
Son My #1 coal
fired TPP
600 BOO/BOT
Vĩnh

Tân

II, # 1 coal
fired TPP
600 EVN
Trà

Vinh

I, # 1
coal-fired TPP
600 EVN
Sóc

Trăng

I #1 coal-

fired TPP
600 EVN
Nghi

Sơn

II #1
TPP
600 BOT procurement
Kiên

Giang

I # 1
coal-fired TPP
600 BOO/BOT
Plan for construction of the thermal power plants (coal fired/diesel/gas) from 2006 to 2015
Source: Decision No 110/2007/QĐ-TTg dated 18/07/2007
1. Thermal power plants in Vietnam
Plant Capacity Investor Plant Capacity Investor
Operation in 2014 Operation in 2015
# 1 Southern
combined gas
turbines TPP
750 BOO/BOT
#2,3 Southern
combined gas
turbines TPP
1500 BOO/BOT

Vĩnh

Tân

II, #2
coal-fired TPP
600 EVN
Vĩnh

Tân

III, # 1 coal-

fired TPP
1000 EVN
SơnMỹ

#3 coal-

fired TPP
600 BOO/BOT
Trà

Vinh

II # 2 coal-

fired TPP
600 EVN
Sóc

Trăng

I # 2
coal-fired TPP
600 EVN
Kiên

Giang

II # 1
coal-fired TPP
600 BOO/BOT
Trà

Vinh

II # 1 coal-

fired TPP
600 EVN
Sóc

Trăng

II # 1,2
coal-fired TPP
1200 EVN
Kiên

Giang

I # 2
coal-fired TPP
600 BOO/BOT
SơnMỹ

#4 coal-fired
TPP
600 BOO/BOT
Hải

Phòng

III#1,2
coal-fired TPP
1200 EVN
Hải

Phòng

III#3,4
coal fired TPP
1200 EVN
Plan for construction of the thermal power plants (coal fired/diesel/gas) from 2006 to 2015
Source: Decision No 110/2007/QĐ-TTg dated 18/07/2007
1. Thermal power plants in Vietnam
Capacity of power plants: thermal power (coal-fired/diesel/gas) and hydropower
Source: EVN
0

1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
1995 2000 2005 2010
Capacity (MW)
Coal-fired thermal
power
Diesel thermal power Gas thermal power Hydropower
1. Thermal power plants in Vietnam
Capacity of power plants
Source: EVN
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1995 2000 2005 2010
Thermal power Hydropower

2. Law and relevant legal documents
2. Law and relevant legal documents
•

Law on environmental protection, 2005
•

National power development plan 2006-2015 considering by 2025,
approved by Primer Minister in Decision No.110/2007/QĐ-TTg dated
18/07/2007.
•

Orientation for environment in Decision No.226/QĐ-EVN-HĐQT
dated 1
st

July 2004 of EVN: thermal power plants on restriction of gas
emission causing greenhouse effect, polluting substances; on
peridiocal EIA, environment monitoring and utilization of
environmentally friendly equipments, technologies.
•

Decision No.07/2005/QD-BTNMT of the Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment (MONRE): stipulating the application of
Vietnam standards on environment (TCVN 7440-2005) from 1
st

January 2005 towards for newly constructed thermal power plants or
projects improving capacity accompanied.
•

TCVN 7440:2005 –

Emission standards for thermal power industry.
3. Environmental issues of thermal power plants in
3. Environmental issues of thermal power plants in
Vietnam
Vietnam
Power plant Issues to be solved Solved problems
Chut

power plant-

Khanh

Hoa
Movement to other place
Not moved due to no
budget
Tuy

Hoa power plant -

Phu

Yên
Movement out of urban area. Stop working
Power plant of Kon

Tum

province -

Kon

Tum
Movement out of residential area,
completion of noise-gas treatment
system.
About to be moved
Uong

Bi power plant -

Quang

Ninh
Installation of toxic gas elimination
system and ESP
Completed
Pha

Lai 1,2 power plants
-HaiDương
Water and gas emission treatment. Completed
Table: list of thermal power plants in Decision 64/2003/QD-TTg
3
3
. Environmental issues of Vietnam thermal
. Environmental issues of Vietnam thermal

power plants
power plants
Thermal power plants and monitored environment content by EIA
Project Monitoring Monitoring
frequency
Phu

My 2 thermal power plant Surrounding air, surface water, aquatic
organism
3
Dien

Dam complex No information
Hiep

Phuoc

thermal power plant Surrounding air, surface water, waste water
3
Uong

Bi thermal power plant Surrounding air, surface water, under-

groudn

water, soil
3
Phu

My 1 power plant Surrounding air, surface water

3
Western thermal power plant in O Mon (Can Tho

province) Surrounding air, surface water
4
Wartsila

Diesel power plant Surrounding air
4
Pha

Lai 2 thermal power plant
Surrounding air, surface water 12
Amata

gas-turbine power plant in Bien

Hoa, electricity utility Surrounding air
4
Can Tho

thermal power plant Surrounding air, surface water
4
Diesel thermal power plant in Nomura Industrial Park, Hai

Phong Surrounding air, surface water
4
Na Dương

thermal power plant, vinacomin No information

3. Environmental issues of thermal power plants in
3. Environmental issues of thermal power plants in
Vietnam
Vietnam
1.

Impacts on air
2.

Impacts on soil
3.

Solid waste
4.

Impacts on eco-system
5.

Impacts on socio-economic development
3.1. Impacts on air
3.1. Impacts on air
•

Construction stage: dust, CO, Sox,
NOx, HC and gas emissions from
transport vehicles. Impacts on air are not
much remarkable and only temporary;
•

Operation stage: gas emissions are SO

2;
CO, NOx and dust, thousands of m
3

per
minute.
•

Noise: steam turbine, generator, steam
relief valve, coal conveyor, coal grinder…
3.2. Impacts on soil
3.2. Impacts on soil
•

Soil is impacted due to dill, fill activities and
erosion;
•

Erosion causes settlement to rivers, sullage pit
probably leading to flood, reducing surface water
quality, effecting aquatic ecosystem;
•

Besides, gas emissions and waste water from
power plants pollute as well soil and plants.
3.3. Solid waste
3.3. Solid waste
•

Construction stage: in this stage, waste raw

materials such as bricks, cement, broken steel …
•

Operation stage:

mainly ash, coal ash, oil sludge
(oil burning). The amount of coal ash is very large
mixing into many polluted impurities.
3.4. Impact on eco
3.4. Impact on eco
-
-
system
system
•

Aquatic ecological system: waste water
from Thermal Power Plant cause muddy
level of water and prevent light
penetration, cause changing the PH in
water region, high temprature of water.
•

Terrestrial ecological system: polluted
substances cause harm to plants and
fauna: SO
2

, NO
2,

Cl
2

, aldehyde and coal
dust
3.5. Impact on social
3.5. Impact on social
-
-
economic environment
economic environment
•

Impact on community’s health: increase the rate of
respiratory and lung diseases …

in inhabitant
community living nearby and surrounding the power
plant;
•

Create employments;
•

Increase labourers’

income;
•

…

4. Some solutions for environmental protection
4. Some solutions for environmental protection
of thermal power plant
of thermal power plant
Proposed mitigation measures must ensure following
principles:
•

Minimise the pollution in accrodance with treatment
solution for Thermal Power Plant from the beginning period
of the project.;
•

The mitigation measure must be feasible, suitable with
production targets and suitable with allowable financial
sources of the investors.
•

Having the appropriate solution for environmental impacts.
•

The environmental protection measures must be
implemented during the preparation, construction and
operation of the plants.
4. Some solutions for environmental protection
4. Some solutions for environmental protection
of thermal power plant
of thermal power plant
W
eakness

:
•

No emmission inventory;
•

Monitoring for ambient air near thermal
power plant.