Using teaching aids, E 11

PrINCIPLES IN
LANGUAGE TEACHING

October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


Some basic principles
Designing suitable tasks or activities
=> for language practice or skill development
Making the best use of different teaching
techniques, teaching aids and facilities
Using the mother tongue when necessary
Class organization: individual, pair, or group work
=> to do the tasks (CLT & Task-based learning)
Students’ homework => self-study to review the old
information and prepare for the new
October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


Using
teaching aids

October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids

General principles & Aims
Good teaching aids
 arouse students’ interest
 encourage students’ practice, facilitate comprehension,
and aid memory
 support teacher’s explanation

Abuse of TA
 waste time and money
 inhibit students’ learning
October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


Types of teaching materials
Authentic
- postcard
- calendar
- brochure
- telephone directory
- menu
- newspaper,
magazine
- application form
…

October 18, 2013

Ready-made / man-made

1. Non-mechanical aids
-

blackboard / whiteboard 
magnet board / flannel board
flash card / word or picture card 
wall chart / wall picture 
game board
real object
work card / worksheet

2. Mechanical aids
-

audiotape / cassette player 
videotape / VCD/ DVD / Video player / TV set
slide / slide projector
transparency / overhead projector (OHP) 
LCD projector / CPU / computer software 
visual presenter 
Using teaching aids


October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


 Board and chalk
 for T’s presentation of new language materials /

task correction
 for students’ presentation
 Techniques: making simple drawings & concept
mapping, outlining main ideas,…

?
October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


1. Overhead projector (OHP)

 for T’s presentation of new language materials /
task correction
 for students’ presentation
 Techniques: masking, overlaying

2. Visual presenter

 for T’s presentation of new language materials /
task correction (esp. students’ writing)
 for students’ presentation
 Technique: masking
October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


3. PC + projector

 for T’s and Students’ presentation of new
language materials (esp. colorful & animated
images)
 Slide preparation: font type, size,
background color, animation scheme
* Teachers’ creativity & ability to modify
available teaching aids => crucial

October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


Using the computer:
 Choose simple font (VNI-Arial, VNI-HelveCondense, Tahoma, Comic Sans MS).
 Choose font size large enough: bold, 24+ pts.
 Use light background and dark text.
 Don’t use too many colors on one slide.
 Don’t use too complicated animation schemes.

October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


4. MP3 + speaker
 for listening practice / test
 preparation: recording (analog => digital / ripped
from CD)
 advantages:

- making copies with stable sound quality easily
- duplicating tracks as many times as one wishes

October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


The end

October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


Masking technique
True or False?
1. He was born in 1910.
2. His father was a worker.
3. His first song was made
in 1925.
4. He died in 1969.

October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids

T
T

F
F

T
T

F
F


Overlaying technique (Unit 5 - NC, Word study)

-ant
-er / -or

-ment

-ment

VERB
-ation

VERB
-ing

-ion

lower layer

October 18, 2013

+

-ation

-ing
-ion

Using teaching aids

upper layer


Making simple drawings
- To bring some fun to the classroom
- To illustrate speaking activities
1. Happy => smiling

2. Sad => mouth curved down at the sides

3. laughing => head tipped to one side, mouth open

4. In pain, unwell => 3 crossed lines, mouth open
October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


5. Embarrassed, not sure => eyebrows slanted down,
mouth waving + question mark

6. Scared => eyebrows slanted down, mouth trembling

7. Surprised => eyebrows curved up, mouth wide open

8. Mad, angry => eyebrows slanted up, mouth showing
teeth
October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


e.g. Unit 9 (NC), Speaking (Giving
explanations…)
Why should tourists wear
sunglasses when they visit
Ayers Rock?

October 18, 2013

Well, the thing is, the sunlight
there is very strong. Sunglasses
help protect their eyes

Using teaching aids


Mind mapping & Outlining
⇒ Summarizing main points (while / after reading or listening)
⇒ Brainstorming (before speaking or writing practice)

e.g. Unit 4, Reading
(NC)

Lack of good
teachers

Children  not
sent to school

Causes of
literacy problems

Adults in remote
areas  little care
of children’s ed.
October 18, 2013

Poor teaching –
learning conditions

Bad transportation 
schools unavailable
Using teaching aids


Unit 10, Reading, Listening
(NC) Sources of energy
Renewable sources

Non-renewable sources

Water

Coal

Wind

Nuclear energy

Solar energy

Natural gas

Biomass

Oil
wood

garbage
biogas
crop

October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


Unit 10, Speaking (NC)
coal

Advantages / Disadv.

wind

environment-friendly


not costly
pollution-free
costly
harmless
smelly
dangerous
harmful to the environment



running out



dependent18, 2013
October on weather

Using teaching aids

sun

nuclear

garbage


Unit 1, Reading (C)
unselfishness

Qualities
for true
friendship

October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids


Unit 6, Writing
(C)

TASK 1

Information needed

TASK 2

Information for writing

1. Number of participants

1. 25

2.

2.

3.

3.

4.

4.

5.

5.

October 18, 2013

Using teaching aids