the impact of myopia

impact of myopia
1. Myopia as a cause of VI and blindness
 Under corrected myopia: the most commin cause of VI, as judged by presentation for
poor visual acuity
 uncorrected myopia as low as -1.50 d will result in moderate VI, and uncorrected myopia
of -4.00 D can cause blindness
 MMD: the most common cause of VI in myopia. 10% of people with pathologic myopia
develop MMD (due to chroidal neovascularization), which is bilateral in 30% of cases.
 Myopia: Associated with higher risks of glaucoma and cataract but may be protective
against ARMD and DR.
 High myopia: can cause serious, sight-threatening retinal damage.
2. Economic implication
 Global loss of productivity due to URE: I$ 269 billion per annum
 Estimated cost of addressing the problem: US$ 28 billion over 5 years
 Expected 4.9 fold increase in high myopia by 2050
 the cost of care is also likely to increase significantly.
3. Impact on quality of life and personal development
 Adolescents with myopia: reported lower scores for total quality of life, psychosocial
functioning and school functioning.
 Correction of refractive errors by the provision of spectacles in low socieconomic areas
markedly improve educational outcomes.
 the major contributors to the burden of eyes disease at the global level are refractive
errors (27.2 million DALYs) followed by cataract (17.7 million DALYs)