THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING
UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMIC HO CHI MINH CITY
DAO NHAT MINH
THE FACTORS IMPACT ON ACCOUNTING BENEFITS IN THE POST
IMPLEMENTATION PHASE IN ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING
(ERP) SYSTEM IN VIET NAM FIRMS
MAJOR
: ACCOUNTANCY
CODE
: 9340301
DOCTORAL THESIS SUMMARY
Ho Chi Minh City 2020
The thesis was complete at:
University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City
Supervisor: 1. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Vo Van Nhi
2. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tran Thi Cam Thanh
Reviewer 1: ...........................................................................................................
Reviewer 2: ............................................................................................................
Reviewer 3: ............................................................................................................
The Thesis will be presented to the University Dissertation Board at: ..................
................................................................................................................................
At hours day month year
The thesis can be found at the library:
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
3
INTRODUCTION
1. Statement of Problems
Based on the report published by the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the proportion of firms
using ERP in Vietnam was 17% in 2014. When compared to developed countries, this rate was
low and the level of using ERP in Vietnam was just at a basic level (Le MD, 2017). Most
Vietnamese firms currently focus on the implementation phase of the ERP system, and do not
care about the issues of the postimplementation phase. Meanwhile, the postimplementation
phase is the time that can enhance or reduce the overall benefits or accounting benefits that an
firm obtains from the ERP system regardless how successful the implementation phase was. In
many firms, after having implemented the ERP system for a few years, the success at the initial
implementation phase did not help maintain the benefits that firms need in the ERP system in
the postimplementation phase (ShihWei Chou and YuChieh Chang, 2008). Therefore,
studying the factors in the postimplementation phase affecting the benefits that the ERP
system brings to firms (the thesis has focused on accounting benefits) to maintain and enhance
the benefits that firms receive when implemented ERP system is necessary about the
practicality to conduct this thesis.
According to the literature review, it can be seen that studies in the world often present
accounting benefits in the overall benefits that firms receive from the ERP system, the number
of authors focusing mainly on accounting benefits is very small. Studies on accounting benefits
in the world have only considered the accounting benefits variable in the implementation phase
or search for this factor measurement scale, or consider it in affecting other dependent
variables. In Vietnam, a number of studies that mention accounting benefits in the ERP system
have conducted. However, like other studies in the world, the research in Vietnam does not
focus on understanding the accounting benefits variable, but considers it as an independent
variable affecting a number of other dependent variables such as: the work result of people
using the ERP system (Pham Tra Lam, 2018); or the response capacity of firms, operational
efficiency of firms (Bui Quang Hung, 2019) .... and studies in Vietnam often do not pay
attention to phases in the life cycle of the ERP system when researching about the problems of
the ERP system.
Another issue to consider is that in the context of constantly changing information
technology, if firms apply the latest technological advances such as cloud computing, Artificial
intelligence, Blockchain ... into the ERP system in the postimplementation phase, will these
advances help firms enhance the accounting benefits that the ERP system brings to firms? Or
we just need maintain the existing ERP system that is enough?
From the importance of this issue about the practical aspect, from little research on this
issue; this issue is still new and is a gap in research in Vietnam and the world. I have decided to
choose the topic “The factors impact on accounting benefits in the postimplementation phase
in enterprise resource planning (ERP) system in Viet Nam firms” as the thesis research topic.
2. Thesis Objectives and Questions
Overall Objective
The overall objective of this thesis is to identify the factors in the postimplementation phase
and the extent of their influence on accounting benefits which the ERP system brings to Viet
Nam firms.
Specific Objectives
To achieve the overall objective, two specific objectives need to be conducted in this thesis:
Identify the factors in the postimplementation phase affecting accounting benefits in the
ERP system in Viet Nam firms.
Assess the extent of factors' influence in the postimplementation phase on accounting
benefits in the ERP system in Viet Nam firms.
4
Questions
Starting from the above objectives, the research questions in this thesis should be answered
as follows:
1. In the postimplementation phase, which factors will affect accounting benefits in the
ERP system in Viet Nam firms?
2. How is the extent of factors’ influence in the postimplementation phase on accounting
benefits in the ERP system in Viet Nam firms?
3. Subject and Scope
3.1 Subject
The subject of this thesis is accounting benefits in ERP system in Viet Nam firms.
3.2 Scope
The survey object of this thesis is that firms which have operated ERP systems for 1 to 3
years. Survey respondents are directors or chief accountants of these firms.
The scope of this thesis is Viet Nam firms, focusing on Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, Dong
Nai, Binh Duong and Binh Dinh, in all fields.
4. Research Method
This thesis uses the mix of qualitative and quantitative research methods. In which,
qualitative is the method that researchers use to discover the scientific phenomena to be studied
such as constructing hypotheses (theory) or discovering the scale of a research concept. Next
use the quantitative method to confirm qualitative results.
5. Thesis Contribution
In terms of theory, the thesis has used a new approach in the study of the ERP system. The
thesis has focused on the postimplementation phase of the ERP system to find out the factors
and the influence of these factors on accounting benefits that the ERP system brings to firms,
the thesis results have been confirmed factors in the postimplementation phase will affect the
accounting benefits in the ERP system and the extent of factors’ influence. Besides, the control
variable “Advances in information technology applied by the firm” that the thesis proposes has
not been mentioned in previous studies, according to the author's literature review. In the
meantime, the thesis has completed a scale of related factors in the topic to suit the specific
conditions of Viet Nam firms.
In terms of practicality, the research results will help Viet Nam firms identify the factors
that need attention to be able to maintain and enhance accounting benefits that the ERP system
brings to firms in the postimplementation phase. Besides, the research results of this thesis are
also a valuable reference for ERP provider in building and training using the system and it also
helps researchers, lecturers build the curriculum about ERP more appropriate and quality.
6. The structure of this Thesis
The structure of this thesis includes 5 chapters as follows:
Chapter 1. Literature Review.
Chapter 2. Theoretical Framework.
Chapter 3. Research Methodology.
Chapter 4. Research Results and Discussion.
Chapter 5. Conclusions and Implications.
CHAPTER 1. LITERATURE REVIEW
1.1 Introduction
To have a comprehensive view of the research on the ERP field, I will present two overview
studies on the ERP field that use metaanalysis method. Based on these two studies, the author
will clarify the trends in current ERP research and future research directions in this field.
5
Before this, the life cycle phases of the ERP system will be mentioned to help readers
understand the issues presented.
The life cycle of the ERP system consists of three phases: The preimplementation phase
refers to system adoption decision and acquisition; The implementation phase of the system
includes the customization and adjustment of the system to help the purchased ERP system to
meet the requirements of firms and put the system into operation; And finally, the post
implementation phase refers to system using and maintenance, the evolution and retirement
activities also belong to this phase (Esteves and Pastor, 1999). In this thesis, when referring to
the postimplementation phase of the ERP system, the author refers to the system using and
maintenance activities in this phase. In particular, the thesis wants to find out about the initial
period of the system using and maintenance activities, when the ERP system has just come into
"GoLive". According to Nolan and Norton (2000), firms have operated ERP systems for 1 to 3
years belong to this period.
As summarized by Moon (2007), it was shown that all articles on ERP were surveyed in 79
journals between 2000 and 2006, most of them solve problems during implementation phase or
in specific fields of using ERP. Similar studies in the postimplementation phase of the ERP
system are very limited. Tingting Huang and Kazuhiko Yasuda (2016) also pointed out in the
field of ERP research, the topics in the postimplementation phase of the ERP system are
heating up recently but still at the beginning. The number of researchers who consider this
period as their main target of research is small.
Therefore, the author will research a problem of the ERP system in the postimplementation
phase, that is which factors in the postimplementation phase of the ERP system will affect
accounting benefits that the ERP system brings to firms.
1.2 An Overview of Studies Abroad
1.2.1 Studies Abroad of the benefits that the ERP system brings to firms and accounting in
firms
(1) Studies of the benefits that the ERP system brings to firms.
The research of Shang & Seddon (2002) is the beginning, with qualitative research method,
this study has proposed a scale of benefits which firms received from the enterprise system
(ES) including 5 dimensions: operations, management, strategies, IT infrastructure, and
organization. Subsequent researches have studied deeply these dimensions as well as the other
that this scale has not mentioned: Kenneth E Murphy and Steven John Simon (2002), Lorraine
Staehr (2007), Khaled AlFawaz, Zahran AlSalti và Tillal Eldabi (2008), Petra Schubert and
Susan P. Williams (2009), Jose Esteves (2009), Holsapple and Sena (2005), Olhager and
Selldin (2003), Andreas I. Nicolauo (2004), Hawking, Stein and Foster (2004).
(2) Studies of the benefits that the ERP system brings to accounting in firms .
Studies of the benefits that the ERP system brings to accounting in firms consists of two
research directions: (a) looking for specific accounting benefits that the ERP system gives
firms, (b) considering will the implementation of the ERP system affects the positive changes
in accounting practices such as the adoption of advanced management accounting techniques
and will the role of accountants in the ERP system be changed?
In studies of the specific accounting benefits that the ERP system brings to the firms,
Kanellou and Spathis (2013) is the most prominent research. Before this research, several other
studies were looking for the accounting benefits that firms achieved from the ERP system.
However, these studies have not built a complete scale as Kanellou and Spathis (2013), for
example, Spathis and Constantinides (2004), Spathis and Ananiadis (2005), Colmenares (2009)
...
Research orientation to find out whether the implementation of ERP has brought about
positive changes in accounting practice and the accountant's role in ERP are interested in many
scholars. However, the results of the change in accounting practice due to the impact of ERP
”
6
are really unclear. Many studies show that implementing integrated systems such as ERP does
not bring about any change in accounting practices such as the adoption of advanced
management accounting methods: Booth et al. (2000), Granlund and Malmi (2002), Hyvönen
(2003), Despina Galani et al (2010). In contrast, a number of other authors found out the impact
of integrated information systems such as the ERP system on management accounting practice:
Rom and Rohde (2006), Granlund (2011), Steve G. Suton (2006), Järvenpää (2007), Grabski et
al (2011), Solmat Abbasi et al (2014). Thus, it can be seen that ERP systems and accounting
practices such as the adoption of new management accounting techniques are correlated, but
there is insufficient evidence to conclude their correlation level (Aernoudts et al., 2005).
Regarding the role of accountants in Enterprise Resource Planning System, all studies confirm
that ERP implementation will change the role of accountants: Mike Newman and Chris
Westrup (2005), Scapens and Jazayeri (2003), HsuehJu Chen et al (2011), Caglio (2003),
Sayed (2006).
1.2.2 Studies Abroad of the factors affecting the accounting benefits that the ERP system
brings to firms
Generally, Studies abroad have mentioned accounting benefits as a part in researches on
the overall benefits that the ERP system brings to firms. The number of studies which consider
accounting benefits as the main subject are very small. Therefore, in this overview, beside the
studies that mention directly the factors impact on accounting benefits in the ERP system, the
studies of the factors affecting overall benefits in the ERP system; Factors affecting ERP
efficiency; Factors affecting the value which the ERP system brings to the firms, or the factors
affecting the accounting information system in the ERP system will also be mentioned. The
research phase the author wants to forcus on is the postimplementation phase, but a number of
studies in the implementation phase will also be presented because the factors in
implementation phase will likely to continue to show that its influence in the post
implementation phase. These studies focus on the following 4 factors:
ERP Quality: Majed AlMashari et al (2003), Hawking et al (2004), Spathis (2006),
Oana Velcu (2007), ShihWei Chou and YuChieh Chang (2008), Lin HsiuFen (2010), Henri
Teittinen et al (2013), Jiwat Ram et al (2013), Young Mok Haa and Hyung Jun Ahn (2014),
Edith Galy and Mary Jane Sauceda (2014), Pedro Ruivo et al (2014).
Service Quality of ERP provider: Hazar Daoud and Mohamed Triki (2013), Jiwat Ram
et al (2013), Young Mok Haa and Hyung Jun Ahn (2014), Edith Galy and Mary Jane Sauceda
(2014), Pedro Ruivo et al (2014).
Organization: Majed AlMashari et al (2003), Hawking et al (2004), Gattiker and
Goodhue (2004), David Gefen and Arik Ragowsky (2005), Spathis (2006), Oana Velcu (2007),
ShihWei Chou and YuChieh Chang (2008), Hazar Daoud and Mohamed Triki (2013), Young
Mok Haa and Hyung Jun Ahn (2014), Edith Galy and cộng sự (2014), Pedro Ruivo and cộng sự
(2014).
User Satisfaction: Hawking et al (2004), Wagnera et al (2011), Henri Teittinen et al
(2013), Pedro Ruivo et al (2014).
1.3 An Overview of Related Studies in Viet Nam
In general, the studies of ERP in Viet Nam can be divided into the following two lines of
studies: (a) General studies of ERP and (b) Studies of accounting in the ERP system.
1.3.1 General studies of ERP
General studies of ERP include the research on the adoption of ERP in education: Nguyen
Manh Toan and Huynh Thi Hong Hanh (2010); Trends of changing ERP: Ho Trung Thanh et al
(2016); Studies on the implementation of the ERP system and the factors affecting this issue in
Viet Nam: Nguyen Hoang Huu Tho (2012), Ngo Phuc Hanh (2013), Nguy Thi Hien and Pham
Quoc Trung (2013), Bui Thi Thanh (2014), Vo Van Nhi et al (2014), Nguyen Duy Thanh
7
(2015); Measure the effectiveness of organizations in ERP: Nguyen Viet and Vu Quoc Thong
(2016).
1.3.2 Studies of accounting in the ERP system
The opening research for this movement is the thesis of Nguyen Bich Lien (2012). After
that, some authors combine behavioral research and accounting research in the ERP system:
Pham Tra Lam (2018), Luong Duc Thuan (2019). Some other studies: Nguyen Phuoc Bao An
(2018), Bui Quang Hung (2019).
1.4 Research gaps and research directions
The specific research gaps are as follows:
In the world, the research on ERP system in the postimplementation phase is still very
limited, while in Vietnam, the research on ERP system has hardly clarified the phases in the
ERP system life cycle when conducting research. The majority of researches in Vietnam and
around the world has focused on the implementation phase of the ERP system life cycle.
The studies of the overall benefits which the ERP system brings to firms have been done a
lot. Meanwhile, Studies of specific benefits such as accounting benefits which the ERP system
brings to firms are rarely mentioned.
Based on literature review, it can be seen that many authors believe that there is
insufficient conclusive evidence on the relationship between the ERP system and the
accounting practice such as the adoption of advanced management accounting techniques.
Directly related to the research direction of the topic, the author has not found a study
considered the factors in the postimplementation phase affecting accounting benefits which the
ERP system brings to firms.
Accounting benefits is a specific benefit, there is no evidence to show that accounting
benefits which the ERP system brings to firms will also be impacted by factors affecting
overall benefits, ERP efficiency, the values that ERP gives firms or accounting information
system within the ERP system. Therefore, it is necessary to check whether these factors affect
accounting benefits in the ERP system.
The previous studies only interested in the behaviors of employees in the firms using ERP
but did not find out why they had such behaviors.
The number of ERP studies in Vietnam is limited, especially in the field of accounting.
Therefore, the research direction of this thesis will be to find out which factors in the post
implementation phase of the ERP system affect accounting benefits in the ERP system in Viet
Nam firms.
CHAPTER 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Overview of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system
2.2.1 Evolution of ERP Systems
8
2.2.2 ERP System Defined
Similar to many areas of the information system, ERP has many different definitions,
based on approach. However, there is not much difference between these definitions (Majed
AlMashari et al., 2003).
According to Rashid et al. (2002), an enterprise resource planning system or an
enterprise system is a software system for enterprise management, including modules that
support functional areas such as planning, production, sales, marketing, distribution,
accounting, finance, human resource management, project management, inventory
management, service and maintenance, transportation and ebusiness. The design of the ERP
system facilitates the integration of modules for individual departments throughout the firm,
providing a flow of information between all functions in the firm consistently. The ERP system
allows companies to implement a single integrated system by replacing or redesigning their
existing information system.
2.2.3 The characteristics of ERP
According to Rashid et al (2002), a ERP system is required to have the following
characteristics: The module design consists of many separate business modules; Using
centralized database management system; Modules are integrated and provide seamless data
flow between modules; Increasing the transparency of operations through standard interfaces;
Complicated with high cost; Providing best business practices; taking a lot of time for
configuration settings and editing; Operating in realtime by online and capable of batch
processing; Being able to connect to the Internet.
2.2.4 Benefits of ERP
According to Shang and Seddon (2002), the scale of benefits of ЕS (ES is a broader
definition than ERP. It can include ERP, supply chain management, customer relationship
management ...) includes 5 dimensions of benefits: operations, management, strategies, IT
infrastructure, and organization.
2.2.5 Limitations of ERP
Firstly, the implementation of ERP is not the same in all firms. Large firms often achieve
greater efficiency than small firms (Shehab et al., 2004).
Secondly, There is not a standard for ERP systems.
The third limitation of ERP is the difference or in other words, the gap between the
requirements of the organization using ERP regarding data management, processing and
information as well as the form of information provided and the functionality provided by ERP
software.
Besides, in the ERP system, fraudulent activities for information, or assets of firms can
occur more sophisticated when users know how to use high technology to perform.
2.2.6 Phases of the ERP Lifecycle
9
2.3 Accounting information system in ERP system
In the era of the ERP system, Accounting information system (AIS) has become stronger.
The amount of information provided by AIS has become more important for decision making,
the data is constantly updated and useful for information processing. The mission of AIS in the
ERP system has changed from providing only financial information to providing a broader
range of information. ERP also helps to implement new management accounting techniques to
meet the internal needs of the company. Therefore, AIS can provide both historical accounting
information and forecast accounting information to help support financial accounting,
management control, and financial analysis. From that AIS has contributed to improving
business efficiency (Hazar Daoud and Mohamed Triki, 2013). Thus, the AIS in the ERP system
is very different from the previous AIS. Basically, most ERP researchers and practitioners have
confirmed that the AIS in the ERP system is much stronger than the traditional AIS.
2.4 Accounting benefits in the ERP system
Accounting benefits in the ERP system is useful and positive effects that ERP system
brings to the accounting of the firm.
2.5 Theoretical Background
This thesis applies three background theories including Information Systems Success
Model of DeLone & McLean, Actor network theory, and Dynamic capabilities theory. In
particular, Information Systems Success Model of DeLone & McLean (2003) is the most
important theory that helps the author form the research model of this thesis.
2.6 Concept of factors
2.6.1 ERP Quality
According to Lin HsiuFen (2010), ERP Quality includes System Quality and Information
Quality of ERP system. Because the research direction of this thesis relates to accounting
benefits, ERP Quality will include System Quality of ERP and Accounting Information Quality
provided by ERP system.
2.6.1.1 ERP System Quality
ERP System Quality refers to the characteristics of the technique and operation of an ERP
system during usage.
2.6.1.2 Accounting Information Quality
Accounting information quality is the characteristics of accounting module output
information of an ERP system.
2.6.2 Service Quality of ERP provider
The Service Quality of ERP provider represents the quality of support that users receive
from the company providing the ERP solution, such as training, hotlines, or assistance when
needed.
2.6.3 Organization
2.6.3.1 The perfection of business processes
10
The perfection of business processes of firms in the postimplementation phase is the
careful control, inspection, and consecutive evaluation of activities or tasks related to each
other or in the same structure of firms in ERP in the postimplementation phase, thereby
making adjustments if necessary to ensure the business process is consistent with the current
business situation of the firms.
2.6.3.2 The support of senior managers
The support of senior managers in the postimplementation phase shows the interest,
willingness to support, and direct participation if necessary in the operation of the ERP system
in the postimplementation phase of toplevel firms leaders to help the ERP system in the firms
operate effectively.
2.6.4 User Satisfaction of the ERP system
User Satisfaction of the ERP system indicates the satisfaction about the ERP system of
those who have jobs related to the ERP system in firms when using the ERP system to perform
their jobs.
2.7 Summary of the factors impacting on accounting benefits in the postimplementation
phase in ERP system in the thesis
CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Research framework and Research process
3.2.1 Research framework
11
3.2.2 Research process
3.3 Preliminary Research Design
3.3.1 Research Methodology
Preliminary research includes:
Qualitative preliminary research is used to discover, adjust and supplement observation
variables used to measure research concepts, qualitative methodology is done through expert
group discussion and discussion with research objects.
12
Quantitative preliminary research is carried out to make a preliminary assessment of the
reliability and value of the scales designed and adjusted to adapt Viet Nam firms, the quantitative
method is done through two data analysis techniques are Cronbach's Alpha and EFA.
3.3.2 Qualitative preliminary research
This research step is carried out by the author after obtaining results from the theoretical
summation from related previous studies and background theories. With related previous studies
chosen published in prestigious foreign journals, in the period from 2002 to 2016, the author built
a proposed research model and a scale of research concepts. Next, the author will use expert
group discussion to complete the research model of factors affecting accounting benefits in the
ERP system and a scale of research concepts through opinion exchange (first draft scale). Group
discussion tool is used because it: (1) allows multiple members to participate; (2) create an
interactive environment: discussion and debate help stimulate new ideas, discover detailed
reasons explain the impact of factors (Nguyen Dinh Tho, 2014).
To increase the reliability of the scale of research concepts in this thesis, after group
discussions with experts, based on the scale has been adjusted according to experts’ opinions (if
it happens), the author will carry out discussions with chief accountants of firms that have
operated ERP systems for 1 to 3 years to complete the final draft scale. In this step, the author
will use the technique in the scale development process of MacKenzie, Podsakoff, and Fetter
(1991).
3.3.2.1 Research Sample
The sample selected for Expert group discussion is a sample for the actual group comprising
about eight to ten participants (Nguyen Dinh Tho, 2014). The thesis is expected to carry out
expert group discussion with: (1) lecturers teaching ERP, (2) consultants from ERP provider, (3)
chief accountant or director in firms using ERP. This step will help perfect the research model
and form the first draft scale for research concepts.
The sample selected for discussion with research objects is the theoretical model. The
theoretical sampling process is conducted by selecting each research object until the saturation
point is reached. The object of research is that firms have operated ERP systems for 1 to 3 years,
so the subject of discussion will be the chief accountant of these firms. This step will help
complete the final draft scale.
3.3.2.2 Data processing tool
According to Cresswell (2012), the qualitative data analysis process includes 6 steps as
follows:
Step 1: Sort and prepare the data
Step 2: Reread all data.
Step 3: Start analyzing by encrypting the data.
Step 4: Use encrypted data to synthetic the answers to research problems.
Step 5: Explain and present the meaning of the data based on the theoretical background
made in chapter 2. Compare the findings from the interview with the data collected during the
research process.
Step 6: Confirm the validity of the findings in the research, expressed through the criteria
of confirming the reliability and reliability of a verification process.
3.3.3 Quantitative preliminary research
This research step was conducted to check the reliability and value of the scales designed
and adjusted to suit Viet Nam firms.
3.3.3.1 Research Sample
The two tools used for the Quantitative preliminary research are Cronbach Alpha and
Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) method.
The data collection is conducted through direct surveys of objects: the chief accountants or
the directors of the firms have operated ERP systems for 1 to 3 years based on the
13
questionnaire with the sample size of approximately 100. This thesis uses the germ
development method.
3.3.3.2 Data Processing Tool
The two tools used for the Quantitative preliminary research are Cronbach Alpha and
Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) method.
3.4 Official Research Design
This section will cover issues in the official research including the research methodology
used, research sample and data processing tools.
3.4.1 Research Methodology
The official research also used the quantitative method.
3.4.2 Research Sample
The research model has 7 scales with 50 observed variables. Choose k = 5; n = 5 (50) = 250
(minimum). Therefore, the thesis uses a sample size of 300 samples based on the germ
development method (Nguyen Dinh Tho and Nguyen Thi Mai Trang, 2011).
3.4.3 Data Processing Tool
The main data analysis method at this step uses SEM to analyze the relationship between
variables. However, before performing SEM, it is necessary to analyze the reliability of the scale
by Cronbach Alpha and check the convergence value and the discriminant value by analyzing
EFA with the collected data from the official research (Nguyen Dinh Tho and Nguyen Thi Mai
Trang, 2011), as well as perform CFA.
3.5 Research hypotheses and research model
3.5.1 Research hypotheses
3.5.1.1 The impact of accounting information quality on user satisfaction of the ERP system
H1: Accounting information quality has a positive impact on user satisfaction of the ERP
system.
3.5.1.2 The impact of ERP system Quality on user satisfaction of the ERP system
H2: ERP system Quality has a positive impact on user satisfaction of the ERP system.
3.5.1.3 The impact of Service Quality of ERP provider on user satisfaction of the ERP system
H3: Service Quality of ERP provider has a positive impact on user satisfaction of the ERP
system.
3.5.1.4 The impact of user satisfaction of the ERP system on accounting benefits in the ERP
system
H4: User satisfaction of the ERP system has a positive impact on accounting benefits in the
ERP system
3.5.1.5 The impact of accounting information quality on accounting benefits in the ERP system
H5: Accounting information quality has a positive impact on accounting benefits in the
ERP system.
3.5.1.6 The impact of ERP system Quality on accounting benefits in the ERP system
H6: ERP system Quality has a positive impact on accounting benefits in the ERP system.
3.5.1.7 The impact of Service Quality of ERP provider on accounting benefits in the ERP system
H7: Service Quality of ERP provider has a positive impact on accounting benefits in the
ERP system.
3.5.1.8 The impact of The support of senior managers on accounting benefits in the ERP system
H8: The support of senior managers has a positive impact on accounting benefits in the ERP
system.
3.5.1.9 The impact of The perfection of business processes on accounting benefits in the ERP
system
H9: The perfection of business processes has a positive impact on accounting benefits in the
ERP system.
3.5.1.10 Control factors related to accounting benefits in the ЕɌP system
14
Based on Dynamic capabilities theory, the thesis will consider the factors Information
technology advances that firms apply as control factors in the thesis research model.
3.5.2 Research Model
3.6 The scale of research concepts
3.6.1 The scale of Accounting benefits in the ERP system
The scale of Accounting benefits in ERP system in Viet Nam firms proposed in this thesis is the
scale of Accounting benefits of Kanellou and Spathis (2013). Besides, the author proposes to add to this
scale the aspect of Accounting benefits in terms of the role of accountants including an observation
variable ERP enhances the role of accountants in the firm, from focusing on jobs related to accounting
become consultants and analysts.
3.6.2 The scale of accounting information quality
The scale of accounting information quality in the thesis is inherited from the scale of
information quality concept of DeLone and McLean (2016), as well as combine some observed
variables from Sedera et al. (2004).
3.6.3 The scale of ERP System Quality
Similar to the scale of accounting information quality, The scale of ERP System Quality in
the thesis is inherited from the scale of system quality concept of DeLone and McLean (2016), as
well as combine some observed variables from Sedera et al. (2004).
3.6.4 The scale of Service Quality of ERP provider
The thesis will use the scale of Service Quality of DeLone and McLean (2016).
3.6.5 The scale of The support of senior managers
The thesis will use the scale of Young Mok Haa, Hyung Jun Ahn (2014).
3.6.6 The scale of The perfection of business processes
15
The thesis will use the scale of Young Mok Haa, Hyung Jun Ahn (2014).
3.6.7 The scale of User satisfaction of the ERP system
The thesis will use the scale of Bradford and Florin (2003).
3.6.8 The scale of control Variable Advances in information technology applied by the firm
According to the author's understanding, the scale for this factor has not been mentioned in
previous studies. Therefore, the author proposes a scale for the factor Advances in information
technology applied by the firm include three observed variables.
3.6.9 Summary of the scale of research concepts
CHAPTER 4. RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1. Introduction
4.2 Preliminary research results
4.2.1 Qualitative research results
4.2.1.1 Evaluation of research models and hypotheses
Based on the research model and the research hypotheses proposed by the author, 7/9
experts agreed with the research model and the research hypotheses, accounting for 77.78%. The
other 2 experts did not comment on this issue. Thus, through qualitative research results,
research model and hypotheses in this thesis are considered suitable for the characteristics of
Viet Nam firms.
4.2.1.2 Evaluate the scale of research concepts
Table 4.1 Summary results of scales after expert group discussion
The Scale after performing qualitative
The number of
research
Scale
variables in the
The number of
original scale
Changes
variables
Excluding 1 observed variable,
Accounting benefits
17
18
adjusting 5 observed variables,
in the ERP system
adding 2 observed variables.
Accounting
Excluding 2 observed variables,
9
7
information quality
adjusting 1 observed variable.
ERP System
12
10
Excluding 2 observed variables
Quality
Service Quality of
5
5
No adjustment
ERP provider
The support of
3
3
Adjusting 1 observed variable
senior managers
The perfection of
4
4
Adjusting 1 observed variable
business processes
User satisfaction of
1
3
Adding 2 observed variables.
the ERP system
Advances in
information
3
3
No adjustment.
technology applied
by the firm
(Source: Author summarised by myself)
To increase the reliability of the scale of research concepts, after obtaining the adjustment scale
according to expert opinion, the author will interview the chief accountant of firms that have
operated ERP systems for 1 to 3 years based on this adjusted scale with the technique in the scale
development process of MacKenzie, Podsakoff, and Fetter (1991). The thesis interviews with 10
16
research objects. Results 80% of interviewees correctly classified observed variables into the right
research concept. Therefore, this final draft scale is accepted and transferred to the preliminary
quantitative research step.
4.2.2 Preliminary quantitative research results
4.2.2.1 Cronbach’s Alpha result
4.2.2.2 EFA result
After conducting preliminary quantitative research, the scale of research concepts has reached
reliability, convergence value and discriminant value. No observed variables were excluded or any
further adjustments were needed.
4.3 Research model and the scale of official research concepts
4.3.1 Official research model
According to the results of the preliminary quantitative research, the research model (Diagram
3.3) of the thesis remains the same as presented in chapter 3, with no further adjustments.
4.3.2 The scale of Official research concepts
Regarding the scale of research concepts and variable control, the results of interviews with a
group of experts have proposed a number of changes such as adjusting the interpretation of
observed variables in the scale, eliminating unnecessary observation variables, or adding new
observation variables ... in order to make the scale of research concepts consistent with the
characteristics of Viet Nam firms. The results of preliminary quantitative research did not change
the scale that was adjusted in qualitative research.
4.4 Official quantitative research results
A total of 300 questionnaires were sent, after collected and tested 18 were rejected for
providing heterogeneous information, firms that were not suitable for participating in the survey or
answered insufficient questions... Thus, the final sample is 282 units, satisfying more than 250
samples needed for the thesis's research model to analyze SEM.
4.4.1 Descriptive statistics
4.4.2 Scale test
According to Hair J. et al. (2016), the SEM model analysis process consists of 4 steps: Step
1: Testing the quality of the scale (Scale test); Step 2: analyze EFA; Step 3: analyze CFA; Step 4:
analyze SEM to test hypotheses.
4.4.2.1 Cronbach Alpha result
The results show that the scale of Accounting information quality has Cronbach's Alpha
0.875> 0.6, however, the observed variable Accounting information provided by the ERP system is
popular with my company has Corrected itemtotal Correlation is 0.172 <0.3. So this observation
variable will be excluded from the scale of Accounting information quality. After retesting this
scale, Cronbach’s Alpha is 0.922 and the Corrected itemtotal Correlation of remain variables
is greater than 0.3.
The scale of ERP system quality has Cronbach's Alpha 0.827> 0.6, however, 3 observed
variables are Easy to use ERP system, Easy to learn ERP system, ERP system is easy to customize
or improve based on my company's requirements with Corrected itemtotal Correlation are
respectively 0.232; 0.219; 0.050 <0.3. So these three observed variables will be excluded from the
scale ERP system quality. After retesting this scale, Cronbach’s Alpha is 0.897 and the Corrected
itemtotal Correlation of remain variables is greater than 0.3.
The remain scales are all reliable. The Corrected itemtotal Correlation of the remain scales is
greater than 0.3. Cronbach’s Alpha of these scales is greater than 0.6. Therefore, all observed
variables of these scales will be used in EFA analysis in the next step.
Conducting an Interview with experts about eliminating these observed variables. Experts
explained that, because the sample of the thesis is mostly mediumsized firms, with employees have
the level of expertise is not high, have just used ERP recently. So a lot of accounting information
provided by the ERP system is still complicated and not yet popular with them. Similarly, the ERP
17
system is not easy to use and learn with them, but these employees often need a lot of time to get
used to and understand how to use the system. At the same time, experts agree that the ERP system
is not easy to customize or improve as required by companies, because it relates to business
processes and has close integration between many departments in all firms, so a change even the
smallest need to adjust the entire business process in the firms. Therefore, experts agree to eliminate
these four observed variables.
4.4.2.2 EFA results
Based on the Rotated Component Matrix, it is possible to see the observed variables in the two
scales Accounting benefits in terms of activity (time) and the Accounting benefits in terms of activity
(cost) converged to a single scale. The remaining scales all have observable variables that converge
exactly to the scales of the author's proposal, so they will be unchanging.
Conducting an Interview with experts about the convergence of the three variables of these two
scales, the experts explained that because the survey respondents were managers (the chief
accountants or the directors) in the firm, when they see the benefits of reducing operating time, they
realize that this will lead to a reduction in personnel so they tend to choose these observation
variables in groups. This is not a theoretical contradiction because they are all accounting benefits
in the activity. Therefore, the scale of accounting benefits in the ERP system from the 6 initial sub
scales, will remain 5 subscales. In particular, the observed variables in the two scales of
Accounting benefits in terms of activity (time) and the Accounting benefits in terms of activity (cost)
will be aggregated and named as Accounting benefits in terms of activity. Cronbach’s alpha of this
new scale is 0.803, the Corrected itemtotal Correlation is greater than 0.3.
4.4.2.3 CFA results
Pvalue < 0.05 because the sample size is small, other measurements are suitable. According to
Dinh Phi Ho et al (2018), the significance level of Chisquared or adjusted Chisquared depends on
the sample size. The larger the sample size, the higher the significance level and the higher the
adjusted Chisquare. If the sample size of the study is small, Significance (Pvalue) <= 0.05 or
(CMIN / df)> 5, other conditions are satisfied, the model is still acceptable. In conclusion, through
CFA analysis, the measurement model fits well with real data.
4.4.3 Summary of the scale of research concepts
Regarding the scale of research concepts, in the qualitative research step, experts have made
some adjustments, adding or excluding the variables in these scales to suit the characteristics of Viet
Nam firms, then interview with research objects to confirm these changes are appropriate. At the
same time, through preliminary and official quantitative research, the scale of research concepts
also has some changes.
4.4.4 Testing the research model
4.4.4.1 Testing the integrated model
Although Pvalue = 0.000 <0.05 because of small sample size, other measures are suitable.
Therefore, the integrated model is in accordance with the actual data.
4.4.4.2 Testing the interaction of factors
The variable HT (ERP system quality), TT (Accounting Information quality), DV (Service
Quality of ERP provider) affect HL (User satisfaction of the ERP system) in the positive direction,
with statistically significant (Pvalue <= 0.05).
Variables KD (The perfection of business processes), QL (The support of senior managers ),
HT (ERP System Quality), HL (User satisfaction of the ERP system), TT (Accounting Information
Quality) affect LI (Accounting benefits in the ERP system) in the positive direction, with
statistically significant (Pvalue <= 0.05).
Reject the H7 hypothesis (P value> 0.05): DV (Service Quality of ERP provider) has no effect
on LI (Accounting benefits in the ERP system).
Conclusion: Except for hypothesis H7, the remaining eight hypotheses are suitable.
18
The degree of the direct impact of the factors on LI has an order of influence from high to low:
KD, QL, HL, HT, TT.
The degree of impact of factors on HL has an order of influence from high to low: DV, HT, TT.
4.4.4.3 Check the role of the mediating variable
Through testing and analysis, it can be seen that the factor User satisfaction of the ERP system
acts as an mediating variable for the impact of factors in the postimplementation phase (1)
Accounting information quality, (2) ERP system quality and (3) Service Quality of ERP provider on
Accounting benefits in the ERP system.
4.5 Discuss the research results
4.5.1 Discuss accepted research hypotheses
The acceptance of hypotheses H1, H2, H3 has shown that there is a positive relationship
between the three factors: ERP system quality, Accounting information quality, and Service Quality
of ERP provider to User satisfaction of the ERP system. In particular, User satisfaction of the ERP
system is most affected by Service Quality of ERP provider (50.8%), ERP system quality is the
next (28.65%) and Accounting information quality is the last (20.55%). This shows that User
satisfaction of the ERP system in the postimplementation phase needs the support from the ERP
provider to solve problems that occur during the use of the system. Accounting information quality
and ERP system quality do not have much impact on user psychology. This finding of the thesis is
suitable with the actual conditions of Viet Nam firms conducted ERP in the postimplementation
phase because Accounting information quality and ERP system quality are often established and
adjusted during the implementation phase. In the postimplementation phase, these two factors were
stable and Users of the ERP system was accustomed to using the system and the reports provided
from the ERP system so these two factors have just little impact on User satisfaction of the ERP
system. What they need most in the postimplementation phase is the support of the ERP provider
for problems they encounter during use.
Acceptance of the hypotheses H4, H5, H6, H8, H9 shows the perfection of business processes,
the support of senior managers, ERP System Quality, User satisfaction of the ERP system,
Accounting Information Quality positively affects Accounting benefits in the ERP system. In
particular, if considering the direct impact, the perfection of business processes has the strongest
impact (25.03%), the support of senior managers is the next (20.42%), after that User satisfaction
of the ERP system (20.03%), ERP System Quality (17.52%) and Accounting information quality are
the last (17%) . At the same time with the direct impact, the two factors ERP System Quality and
Accounting information quality also indirectly affected Accounting benefits in the ERP system
through the mediating variable User satisfaction of the ERP system. Therefore, the degree of their
overall impact on the dependent variable will increase.
If we consider the overall impact level in the postimplementation phase, the factor the
perfection of business processes still has the strongest impact on accounting benefits in the ERP
system (21.71%). But the support of senior managers has dropped to third place (17.71%). In the
postimplementation phase, the overall impact level of ERP System Quality on accounting benefits
in the ERP system is at the second position (18.97%). User satisfaction of the ERP system and
Accounting information quality have the same level of impact on the dependent variable (17.37%)
and ranked in the fourth position. In the postimplementation phase, Service Quality of ERP
provider only indirectly affects accounting benefits in ERP system through User satisfaction of the
ERP system, so it has the lowest impact level (6.87 %).
Conducting a discussion with the experts in the ERP field about the research results of the
thesis, the experts all evaluated the research results of the thesis that are suitable to the actual
conditions in the postimplementation phase in the ERP system in Viet Nam firms. Accounting in
the ERP system is different from accounting in traditional information systems that accounting is no
longer a starting point but a continuation point of a series of processes in the firm to create
information. Accounting is no longer just started at the accounting department but can be started
19
right at the division where activities begin. The way of accounting entries, besides the contra entries
as before, there are also other mediating entries, aiming to record the operations in the production
and business process into the system. Therefore, business processes need to be designed to fully
reflect the activities of the business, so that the accounting is effective, thereby helping businesses
achieve the accounting benefits that ERP system brings to firms. Although business processes in the
firms have been established during the implementation of the ERP system, in the post
implementation phase, the completion of these business processes is extremely necessary. Because
the ERP system is enormous, there will be shortcomings during the implementation, which should
be corrected in the postimplementation phase. At the same time, changes in production and
business activities in firms will be associated with the adjustment and refinement of business
processes to suit those changes. Because it is directly related to accounting activities, the perfection
of business processes in the postimplementation phase has the strongest impact on accounting
benefits in the ERP system.
Many problems in using the ERP system in the postimplementation phase can only be done
with the support of senior managers. For example, The perfection of business processes in a firm is
not possible without the support of senior managers. The lack of support from senior managers is
the cause of many difficulties in the postimplementation phase in the ERP system in firms that
cannot be resolved, leading to the failure of many firms conducted ERP systems although they were
very successful at the initial implementation phase. Because of its importance, this factor has the
degree of impact on accounting benefits in the ERP system ranked second.
The level of direct impact of the factor User satisfaction of the ERP system on the accounting
benefits in the ERP system is only in the 3rd position, above ERP System Quality and Accounting
information quality, because User satisfaction of the ERP system chosen in the thesis is the
employees' satisfaction with the ERP system regarding their job. Therefore, the use of the ERP
system is mandatory for these employees, whether satisfied or not, employees need to meet the
requirements in using the ERP system to complete their work, so User satisfaction of the ERP
system does not have a lot of effect on accounting benefits which the ERP system gives firms.
ERP System Quality and Accounting information quality have little impact on accounting
benefits in the ERP system in the postimplementation phase because these two factors are often
established and completed during the system implementation phase, so the impact of these two
factors on accounting benefits which the ERP system gives firms mainly takes place during the
implementation phase. In the postimplementation phase, ERP System Quality and Accounting
information quality are now relatively complete, so these two factors no longer have much impact
on accounting benefits in the ERP system.
In the postimplementation phase, the factor User satisfaction of the ERP system not only
directly affects accounting benefits in the ERP system, but it is also a mediating variable that
increases the overall impact level of the factors ERP system quality and Accounting Information
quality on the dependent variable. Besides, the factor Service Quality of ERP provider has an
indirect effect on accounting benefits in the ERP system through this mediating variable. This is
consistent with the model of D&M (2003) when user satisfaction plays a mediating role in the
relationship between system quality, information quality, Service Quality and net benefits of an
information system.
4.5.2 Discussion of the research hypothesis rejected
The H7 hypothesis came from Information Systems Success Model of DeLone & McLean
(2003). Although the original model did not mention the relationship between Service Quality and
net benefits, Petter et al. (2008) proposed that testing all relationships in the D&M model (2003) is
essential in the specific conditions for each type of different information systems. However, in this
paper itself (the study that measures the success of information systems, discusses issues in the
D&M model (2003)), Petter et al. (2008) with the metamethod analysis also concluded in
20
organizational analysis unit, there is not enough evidence to show the impact of Service Quality on
net benefits.
Conducting the expert interviews on the rejection of this hypothesis, the experts explained
because the research phase of the thesis is the postimplementation phase in the ERP system when
the ERP system has been stable. The supports that directly bring accounting benefits to firms such
as training, system documents, etc. were provided by the ERP providers during the implementation
phase. Therefore, in the postimplementation phase, the supports of the ERP providers are only to
maintain these accounting benefits, supporting the efficient use of the ERP system for users in
firms. Therefore, in the postimplementation phase, Service Quality of ERP provider only has an
indirect impact on accounting benefits in the ERP system through User satisfaction of the ERP
system, but no longer has an impact directly on this dependent variable. Therefore, the research
results are completely consistent with the practice of ERP system in Viet Nam firms in the post
implementation phase.
4.5.3 Discuss the result of the control variable
SEM analysis results show that in the postimplementation phase, all three observed variables
in the control variable scale have a positive impact on accounting benefits which the ERP system
gives firms, it has statistical significance (Pvalue <= 0.05).
In particular, TB3 Technological advances that help the ERP system in the firm enhance
security have the strongest impact level (regression coefficient is 0.279), TB1 Technological
advances that help the ERP system in the firm enhances the ability to process and create
information and TB2 Technological advances that help the ERP system in the firm enhances
connectivity have a similar impact level (regression coefficient are respectively 0.166 and 0.163).
Thus, it can be seen with the current technological advances, when applied to the firm,
combined with the existing ERP system in the firm, will promote accounting benefits that the ERP
system brings to the firm. In particular, in the postimplementation phase, the ability to enhance the
security of new technologies is the factor that helps promote the most accounting benefits that firms
obtained from the ERP system. This is entirely appropriate in the context of cybersecurity is the top
concern of firms today, in the condition that the data is stored centrally as the ERP system, the
security is even higher. In addition, new technological advances such as AI, cloud computing
technology ... also help the ERP system in firms enhance the connectivity and processing to create
information, thereby improving accounting benefits which firms receive from the ERP system in a
postimplementation phase.
CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
5.1. Introduction
5.2 Conclusions
With the research objective and research question No. 1, in the postimplementation phase,
when the system has been operated stably for a while, factors The perfection of business processes,
the support of senior managers, ERP System Quality, User satisfaction of the ERP system,
Accounting Information Quality are found to have a positive impact on accounting benefits in the
ERP system. In particular, accounting information quality and ERP System Quality not only
directly affect accounting benefits in the ERP system, but it is also an indirect impact on this
dependent variable through the mediating variable User satisfaction of the ERP system. Service
Quality of ERP provider in the postimplementation phase has only an indirect impact on
accounting benefits in the ERP system through the mediating variable User satisfaction of the ERP
system, does not have the impact directly on this dependent variable.
With the research objective and research question No. 2, Regarding the degree of impact of
factors in this postimplementation phase on accounting benefits in the ERP system, if considering
21
the direct impact, the order of the factors is as follows (the order is arranged by the impact strength
decrease):
1. The perfection of business processes.
2. The support of senior managers.
3. User satisfaction of the ERP system
4. ERP system quality
5. Accounting Information quality
If considering the overall impact, including direct and indirect impacts, the order of the factors
is as follows (the order is arranged by the impact strength decrease):
1. The perfection of business processes.
2. ERP system quality
3. The support of senior managers.
4. User satisfaction of the ERP system; Accounting Information quality.
5. Service Quality of ERP provider
The research results also show that in the postimplementation phase, the control
variable Advances in information technology applied by the firm have a positive impact on
accounting benefits in the ERP system. In particular, the ability to enhance the security of new
technologies is the factor that helps promote the most accounting benefits that firms obtained
from the ERP system. In addition, new technological advances have also helped the ERP
system in firms enhance connectivity; the ability to process and create information, thereby
improving accounting benefits which the firms received from the ERP system.
5.3 Implications
5.3.1 Managerial Implications
Firstly, the success of the initial implementation phase of the ERP system should not be
the ultimate goal of the firm.
Secondly, among the issues that firms need to pay attention to the postimplementation
phase in the ERP system, the most important is to continue to improve the business process in
the firm and maintain the support of senior managers. These are the two factors in the post
implementation phase that have the strongest impact on accounting benefits which firms
obtained from the ERP system.
Thirdly, firms need to pay attention to the satisfaction of users of the ERP system in
firms in the postimplementation phase in the ERP system. User satisfaction of the ERP system
not only directly affects accounting benefits which firms obtained from the ERP system, it also
plays a mediating role, enhancing the impact of the factors ERP system quality, Accounting
Information quality on accounting benefits which firms obtained from the ERP system.
Fourthly, in the postimplementation phase, Service Quality of ERP provider has only
an indirect impact on accounting benefits in the ERP system through user satisfaction of the
ERP system, but no longer has an impact directly on this dependent variable. Therefore, in
postimplementation phase in the ERP system, firms need to make a good connection between
the EɌР provider and users in the firm; When implementing ERP system, it is necessary to
select suppliers of the ERP system with good supportive mode, answering questions for firms
not only in the implementation phase but also in the postimplementation phase, in order to
bring the highest satisfaction in the process of using the EɌР system of users in firms.
Fifthly, firms should pay attention to apply the latest technological advances to the ERP
system in firms in the postimplementation phase, especially advances to improve security.
5.3.2 Theoretical implications
The thesis has confirmed the problem that emerged in Moon (2007); Tingting Huang
and Kazuhiko Yasuda (2016) about the absence of researches in the postimplementation phase
in the ERP system.
22
Complete the scale of accounting benefits which firms obtained from the ERP system.
Provide empirical evidence on the impact of the factors The perfection of business
processes, the support of senior managers, ERP System Quality, User satisfaction of the ERP
system, Accounting Information Quality on accounting benefits in the ERP system in the post
implementation phase.
Provide empirical evidence on the mediating role of the factor User satisfaction of the
ERP system in promoting the impact of factors in the postimplementation phase: Accounting
Information quality; ERP system quality; and Service Quality of ERP provider on accounting
benefits in the ERP system.
Provide empirical evidence on the complementary explanatory role of the control
variable Advances in information technology applied by the firm to accounting benefits in the
ERP system in the postimplementation phase.
5.4 Limitations and further research directions
Besides the achieved results, the thesis still has some following limitations:
Firstly, the scope of the thesis survey is limited. The number of survey samples of the
thesis is 282 firms, firms are mainly in the South and the Middle.
Secondly, because the unit of analysis of this thesis is the organizational analytical unit,
User satisfaction of the ERP system is measured from the perspective of the firm's director or
chief accountant. There should be a different study on the impact of this factor in the post
implementation phase on accounting benefits in the ERP system with the individual analytical
unit. Thus, it will help us have a more comprehensive view of the impact of this factor on
accounting benefits in the ERP system.
Thirdly, the firms in the sample included largesized and mediumsized firms. The
characteristics of the ERP system implemented in these two types of firms are very different. If
these two types of firms are separated for research, the research results will be more accurate.
Fourthly, the thesis is done based on the assumption that accounting benefits which
firms obtained from the ERP system will be maintained from the implementation phase to the
postimplementation phase. However, in the postimplementation phase of the ERP system,
with many changes, accounting benefits which firms obtained from the ERP system may also
change. Therefore, a study of these changes should be conducted.
Based on the above limitations, the next research directions of this topic are:
1. Expand the scope of the thesis sample. Focus on areas with many firms operating, and
expand firms in the North.
2. Conduct a separate study on the impact of the factor User satisfaction of the ERP system
in firms on accounting benefits in the ERP system with the individual analytic unit in the post
implementation phase.
3. Conduct an empirical study in which the sample of largescale firms and mediumsized
firms has been split into two separate samples, to test the impact of ERP system characteristics
in these two types of firms on the issues of this thesis such as accounting benefits in the ERP
system and the factors in the postimplementation phase affects these accounting benefits.
4. Conduct an empirical study to investigate changes in accounting benefits in the ERP
system in the postimplementation phase compared to in the implementation phase.
AUTHOR’S RESEARCHES RELATED TO THE THESIS
1. Dao Nhat Minh, 2019. Accounting benefits in the ERP system in Viet Nam firms: The
proposed framework. Journal of accounting and auditing, 06/2019 (186), 4649.
2. Tran Thi Cam Thanh, Đao Nhat Minh, Do Hoang Nhat Yen, 2018. Realising organizational
overall benefits from ERP (Enterprise resource planning): Which stage is important?, The
International conference on finance, accounting and auditing 2018: accounting, auditing
and finance in the digital age, 228236. Ha Noi, 11/2018. National Economics University.
3. Tran Thi Cam Thanh, Le Thi My Kim, Đao Nhat Minh, 2017. The factors affecting the
change of accounting benefits in an ERP environment in small and medium Enterprises in
Binh Dinh: a proposed research model , The Conference Content and teaching methods of
finance banking and accounting auditing in the trend of integration, 492501. Ho Chi
Minh City, 08/04/2017. Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology.
4. Vo Van Nhi, Tran Thi Cam Thanh, Dao Nhat Minh, 2019. The Factors Impact on
Accounting Benefits in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Environment in Viet Nam
Firms, International conference on Finance, Accouting and Auditing: Contemporary issues
in Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 5771. Ha Noi, 11/2019. National Economics
University.