Conceptual physics 10th edition practice book (1 94)

CONCEPTUAL

Physics

tenth edition

City College of San Francisco

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A

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PEARSON
Addison
Wesley

23476789 10 —BRG— 0817'7 06 05
www.aw-bc.oom/ysysics


Welcome
to the CONCEPTUAL PHYSICS PRACTICE BOOK
These practice pages supplemett Conceptual Physics, Tenth Edition. Their
purpose is as the name implies—acactico—not testing. You’ll find it is easier to
learn physics by doing it—by practicing. AFTER you’ve worked through a page,
check your responses with the reduced pages with answers beginning on page
131.

Pages 193 to 290 show answers to the odd-numbeedd exercises and solutions to
the problems in the textbook.

Tfible of Contents

Chapter 1 About Science

Chapter 7 Energy

Making Hypotheses
Pinhole Formation

P

T

1
2

■E.

A'

Chapter 2 Newton’s First Law of
Motion-Inertia
Static Equiiibrium
The Equiiibrium Rule: IF
Vsctors and Equilibrium

=0

Hang Time

Non-Acceleratdd Motion

41

Torques and Rotation
Acceleratim and CircuO^r Motion
■'hẹ Fiig P
Banked Airplanes
Banked Track

43
44
45
46
47

7

Lsaning On
mu

8
9
10

11

Converting Mass to Wsight
A Day at ths Races with a = F/m
Dropping Masses and Ac^esmtinng

Cart

12
13

Force and Accelerator!
Friction

17
19

F^llin^n and Air Rssistanse

20

14

Chapter 5 Newton’s Third Law of
Motion

Appendix 0 More About Vectors
Vsctoss and Sailboats

21
22
23
24
25
26
27

28

29

r--. R-rr

31
33

48
: 49

Chapter 9 Gravity
51
53

Chapter 10 Projectile and Sateliite Motion
Indspendecse of Horizontal and Vsrtical
Componetrts of Motion
Tossed Baii
Sateiiíte in Circular Orbit

55
57
58

Sateiiíte in Eiiipticai Orbtt

59

Mechanics Overview—
Chapters 1 to 10

60

PART TWO PF^OPEiRTIES
OE MÂTEER
Chapter 11 The Atomic Nature of
Matter
Atoms and Atomic Nudei
Subatomic Partíctes

61
62

Chapter 12 Solids
Scaiíỉìg

63

Scaiing Circles

64

Chapter 13 Liquids
Archimedes' Prin^pjte I
Archimedes' PHO^G II

Chapter 6 Momentum
Charging Momentom

Systems

a'

Invsrse-Sqaare Law
Our Odan Tides

Mass and Weight

Force-Vector Diagrams
Mors on Vsctoí":

39
40

Torques

Motion

Vsi-mts & ths Parallelogram Ruis
Velocity Vsctora & Componnnts
Forcs and Vslocíty Vsctoss
Forcs Vsctoss and ths Par^ai^^o^^mi
Ruis

Momentum and Energy
Energy and Momentur

3
4

5

Chapter 4 Newton's Second Law of

Action and Rsaction Pairs
Irịtsractioss

35
37

Chapter 8 Rotational Motion

Chapter 3 Linear MotionFrss Fall Spsed
Accsleraoion of Frss Fall

Work and Energy
COO^^^^ÍÌOOTI of Energy

65
67

Chapter 14 Gases and Plasmas
■

taL

69


Chapter 15 Temperature, Heat, &

Expansion
Measuring Temperature
Thermal Expansion

Chapter 26 Properties of Light
Speed, Wavelength, & Frequency
71
72

Chapter 27 Color

Color Addii^í<^n

101
103

Chapter 16 Heat Transfer
Transmission of Heat

73

Chapter 17 Change of Phase
iCe, Wati^r; and Steam
Evaporation
Our Earth's Hot In^<^i^ĩ<^r

75
77
78

Chapter 18 Thermodynamtcs
Absolve Zero

79

Chapter 19 Vibrations and Waves
Vibration and Wave Fundamentals 81

Pool Room Optics
Refleccton
Reflected Views
More RefleRefraMore Refraction
Lenses

Chapter 29 Light Waves
DiHractíon and Interference
p^ll^r^íiỉí^tĩon

117
119

NllCEEAR PHYSICS

Chapter 20 Sound
85

Chapters 31 and 32 Light Quanta and
The Atom and the Quantum

Light Quanta

PART FIVE
ELECTRICITY AND
MAGEETISM

121

Chapter 33 Atomic Nucleus and
Radioac^vitty

Chapter 22 Electrostatics
Static Charge
Electric

105
107
109
110
111
113
115

PART SIX LIGTT

PART THREE HEAT
PART SEVEN ATOMIC AND
PART FO u R SOUDD
Wave Superf^<^^itíc^n

Chapter 28 Reflection and Refraction

87

Radioactiiity
Nuclear Reactions
Natural Cransmuration

123

124
125

88

Chapter 34 Nuclear Fission and Fusion

Shock Wave

83
Nuclear Reactions

Chapter 23 Electric Current
Flow of Charge
Ohm's Law
Electac Power
Series Circuits
Parallel Circuits
Rircuit
Electac Power in Rircuits

127

89

90
91
93
94
95
96

PART EIGHT RELATIVITC
Chapter 35 Special Theory of Relativity
Time Diiation

129

Answers to Practice Pages
Chapters 1 —55

131

Chapter 24 Magnetism
Magnetic Fundame^tls

Chapter 25 VlectromagneOic

97

Solutions to the Odd-Numbered Exercises
and Problems from Conceptual Physics
Chapter 1 —66

193


Induction
Faraday's Law
Transformers

99

100

Answers to Appendix E
Exponential Growth and Doubling Time

291


Name

Date
CONCEPTUAL T>Wỉsics- TSAC^TPAGE

Chapter 1 About Science
Making Hypotheses
Making Dtetinctines
Many people donT seem to see the difference between a thing and the abuse of the thũng. For exampee, a city councll that

The wodd science comes from Latin, meaníng “to know.” The
word hypothesis comes from Greek, “under an ideal.” A
hypothesis (an educaeed guess) often leads to new knoweedge
and may help to estabiish a theoiy.
bans skateboarding may not di^^^^^i'^ĩsh between skateboaddigg and reckless skateboaddigg. A person who advocaees that

Examples'

I CUT A DISK FROM nns IRON

1. It is wen known that object generaHy expand when heated. An
PLATE. WHEN I HEAT THE PLATE,
iron plate gets slightly bigger, for example, when placed in an
WILL THE HOLE GET BIGGERi, OR
oven. But what of a hole in the middle of the plate? One friend
SMALE ER'?
may say the size of the hole will increase, and another may say
it will decrease.
a particular technology be banned may not distinguish between that technology and the abuses of that techndogy. There's a
a. What is your hypothesís about hole size, and if you are
wrong, is there a test for finding out?

If HE PLU6S >
THS 01SK SACK I
INTO THE HOLE

bl There are often several ways to test a
For example, you can perform
a physical experiment and witness the resutts yourself, or you can use the library or
internet to find the reported resutts of other investigators. Which of these two methods do

you favor, and why?
difference between a thing and the abuse of the thing.

BEFORE
MEABSỐ I
EVERYTHtKS?

2. Before the time of the printing press, books were hand-copied by scribes, many of
whom were monks in mcnasterles. There is the story oftee scribe who was frusttaeed
to find a smudge on an important page he was copyíng. The smudge blotted out part
of the sentence that reported the number of teeth in the head of a donkey. The scribe
was very upset and eidnT know what to do. He consumed with other scribes to see if
any of ther books stated the number of teeth in the head of a donkey. After many
hour's of fruitless searching through the library, it was agreed that the best thũng to
do was to send a messenger by donkey to the next monaseery and continue the
search there. What woLld be your advice?

8
On a separatte sheet of paper, list other examptes where use and abuse are often not eistinguiseed. \
Compaee your list with others in your class.
f


Name

Date

9

CONCEPTUAL 'fsfcs‘ TRACTKE’mGt
Chapter 1 About Science
Pinhoe Formation
while small ones are produced by closer “pinholes.” The interesting point is that the ratio of the dia^n^^^^r of the sunball to
Look carefully on the round spots of light on the shady ground beneath trees. These are sunballs, which are
images of the sun. They are cast by openings between leaves in the trees that act as pinholes. (Did you
make a pinhole “camera” back in middle school?) Large sunballs, several centimeters in diameter or so, are
cast by openings that are relatively high above the ground,
its distance from the pinhole is the
same ratio of the Sun! diameler to its
distance from the pinhole. We know the
Sun is approximately 150,000,000 km
from the pinhole, so careful
measueements of of the ratio of
diameter/disrence for a sunball leads
you to the diameler of the Sun. That’s
what this page is at)out. hstead of
measuríng sunbal’s under the shade of
trees on a sunny day, make your own
easie-’to- measuee sunball.
1. Poke a small hole in a piece
of card. Perhaps an index
card will do, and poke the hole with a sharp pencll or pen. Hold the card in the
suniight and note the circular image that is cast. This is an image of the Sun. Note
that its size doesn’t depend on the size of the hole in the card, but only on its
distance. The image is a circle when cast on a surface perpendicular to the ray^—
oer^en^ee it's “stretched out” as an ellipse.

lSO,
(XiO,OOOkM

2. Try holes of various shapes; say a square hole, or a triangular hole. What is the
shape of the image when its distance from the card is large compared with the size
of the hole? Does the shape of the pinhoe make a differenc??

eif*-

3. Measure the diameler of a small coin. Then place the coin on a viewíng area that is perpendiuular to the Sun’s
rays. Position the card so the image of the sunball exacts coves the coin. CarefuHy measure the distance
between the coin and the small hole in the card. Complele the tollc^v^ẽ^^:
Diameler of sunball
Distance of pinhole
With this ratio, estimaee the diameler of the Sum Show your work on a sepaine piece of papet.

if you
did of
this
on awould
day when
Sunto
issee?
partiaHy eclipsed,
what
shape
image
you the
expect

10

Name

Date

'CQRC^iP^nAu.

Chapter 2 Newton’s First Law of Motion—Inertia
Static Equilibrium
1. Little Nellie Newton
wishes to be a
gymnast and hangs
from a variety of
positions as shown.
Since she is not
accelerating, the net
force on her is zero.
That is, HF = O. This
means the upward
pull of the rope(s)
equass the downward
pull of gravity. She
weighs 300 N. Show
the scale reading(s)
for each case.

bOO N"*1

y*"

2. When Burl the painter stands in the exact
middle of his staging, the left scale reads
600 N. Fill in the reading on the right
scale. The total weight of Burl and
staging must be
____________N.

400 N4

3. Burl stands farther from the left. Fill
in the reading on the right scale.

4. In a silly mood, Burl dangles from the
right end. Fill in the reading on right
scale.

1
1


Name

Date

1
2


CONCEPTUAL

"Physics

PRACTICE PAGE

[is the same] [increases] [decreases]

Chapjl^e^r 2 Newton's First Law of Motion-Inertia The
Equttibrium Rule: F = 0
The sliding system is then in [static equliibrium] [eynamic equliibrium].
1. Manuel weighs 1000 N and stands in the middle
of a board that weighs 200 N. The ends of the
board rest on bathroom scales. (We can
assume the weight of the board acts at its
center.) Fill in the correct weight reading on
each scale.

I 350 N
1000 N
2. When Manuel moves to the left as shown, the
scale closest to him reads 850 N. Fill in the
weight for the far scale.

A

TONS

13 TONS!

t 1000 N
3. A 12-ton truck is one-quareor

—> the way across a bridge that
;
weighs 20 tons. A 13-ton force supports
the right side of the bridge as shown. How
much support force is on the left side?

V 20 TONS

4. A 1000-N crate resting on a surface is
conn^i^ce^d to a 500-N block through
a frictionless pulley as shown. Friction
between the crate and surface is
enough to keep the system at rest.
The arrows show the forces that act
on the crate and the block. Fill in the
magnrtude of each fd^c^^.

5. If the crate and block in the preceding question move at consaant speed, the tension in the rope

13


14


Name
CONCEPTUAL
Chapter 2 Newton’s First Law of Motion—Inẹrtị
Vectors and Equilibrium

Rope tension does depend on the angle the rope makes with the
vertical, as Practice Pages for Chapter 6 will show!


1.

Nellie Newton dangles from a vertical rope in
equilibrium: SF = 0. The tension in the rope
(upward vector) has the same magnitude as the
downward pull of gravity (downward vector).
2. Nellie is supported by two vertical ropes. Draw tension vectors to scale along the
direction of each rope.

3.

This time the vertical ropes have
different lengths. Draw tension vectors
to scale for each of the two ropes.

4. Nellie is supported by three vertical ropes
that are equally taut but have different
lengths. Again, draw tension vectors to scale
for each of the three ropes.
Circle the correct answer.
5. We see that tension in a rope is [dependent on] [independent of] the length of the
rope. So the length of a vector representing rope tension is [dependent on]
[independent of] the length of the rope.

Name

Date _

CONCEPTUAL
Chapter 3 Linear Motion
Free Fall Speed
1. Aunt Minnie gives you $10 per second for 4 seconds. How much
money do you have after 4 seconds?

2. A ball dropped from rest picks up speed at 10 m/s per second.
After it falls for 4 seconds, how fast is it going?
3. You have $20, and Uncle Harry gives you $10 each second for 3 seconds. How much money do
you have after 3 seconds?
4. A ball is thrown straight down with an initial speed of 20 m/s. After 3 seconds, how fast is it going
?
5.

You have $50, and you pay Aunt Minnie $10/second.
When will your money run out?

6.

You shoot an arrow straight up at 50 m/s.
•t

Free Fall Distance
1.

t

Speed is one thing; distance is onother. How high is the orrow
when you shoot up at 50 m/s when it runs out of speed?

____

2.

How high will the arrow be 7 seconds after being shot up at 50 m/s?

3.

a. Aunt Minnie drops a penny into a wishing well, and it falls for 3 seconds before hitting the
water. How fast is it going when it hits?

1
I
I
I
1
1

b. What is the penny’s overage speed during its 3-second drop?
c.

How for down is the water surface?

4. Aunt Minnie didn’t get her wish, so she goes to a deeper
Fte/A XfSZ

wishing well and throws
y*!ot d »
a penny straight down into it at 10 m/s. How far does this
5f
penny go in 3 seconds? ________________________________________________________________________
f Disỉínguih between ” how fast, ’’ hew

for,"

orá " hew tongy

1
9


CONCEPTUAL

l^ht/SKST TRAcTCt'pAGE

Chapter 3 Linear Motion

= 2s

=3s

1. The speedomeeer reading increases the same
amount,____________________m/s, each second.
This increase in speed per second is called
4s

©
2. The distance fallen increases as the square of

II

I
I

5s

3. If it takes 7 seconds to reach the ground, then its
speed at impact is________________________m/s,
the total distance fallen is

m,

and its acceleration of fall just before impact is
_________________m/s2.

20


Acceleration of Free Fall
A rock dropped from the top of a cliff picks up speed as it falls. Pretend that a speedomeeer and odometer are
attached to the rock to indicate readings of speed and distance at 1-second intervals. Both speed and distance are
zero at time = zero (see sketch). Note that after faliing 1 second, the speed reading is 10 m/s and the distance fallen
is 5 m. The readings of succeeding seconds of fall are not shown and are left for you to com^f)^^^^. So draw the
position of the speedometer pointer and write in the correct odom^^^^r reading for each time. Use g = 10 rn/s" and
neglect air resistance.

TO KNOW:
IrSrtan"aneous speed of fol from rest:
y<)U

d-

V --

gt __________.

Distance
Voverat foUen f^cm rest:

21


Name

Date

CONCEPTUAL

“Physkr ỊPR C CETA E
A T

G

Chapter 3 Linear Motion
Hang Time

Some athletes and dancere have great jumping ability. When leaping, they seem to momentarily “hang In the air"
and defy gravity. The time that a jumper Is airborne with feet off the ground is called hang time. Ask your friends to
estimate the hang time of the great jumpers. They may say two or three seconds. But surprisingly, the hang time of
the greatest jumpere Is most always less than 1 second! A longer time Is one of many illusions we have about
nature.
To better undersaand this, find the answere to
the following questions:
1. If you step off a table and It takes
one-half second to reach the floor, what wHI
be the speed wtien you meet the floor?

/'"speed of fr^e^e fall e acceleration X time "'s.
------------7^ * 10

2. What will be your average speed of fall?

2

X numb er of secon d SJ (^s
101 m. y

Average

speed = initial speed * final speed

3. What will be the distance of fall?

4. So how high Is the surface of the table above the floor?
Jumping abiiíty is best measured by a standíng vertical jump. Stand facing a wall! with feet flat
on the floor and arms extended upward. Make a mark on the wall at the top of your reach.

Then make your jump and at the peak make another mark. The distance between these two
marks measures your vertical leap. If it’s more than 0.6 meters (2 feet), you’re exceptional.
5. What Is your vertical jumping distance?________________
6. Calculate your per^^c^r^^l hang time using the formula d =1/2 gt. (Rememeer that hang time Is
the time that you move upward + the time you return downwarcl.)

/Almost anybody cao safely step offa 1.25-m (4-feet) high taWe. '■''X \Can anybcdlyin your
school jump from the floor up onto the same tabte?
No way!

.

There'S a big difference io how high you can teach and how higOyou raise your
"center of gravity" when you jump. Even basketaall star Michael Jordnn in his
prime couldn't quite raise his body 1.25 meret-s high.althuugh he could easily

reach higher than the more-than-S-meter high basket'.
Here we’re talking about vertical motion. How about running jumps? Well see In Chapter 10
that the height of a jump depends only on the jumper’s ve^’'1:k^^l speed at launch. Whlle airborne, the jumper's horizonaal
speed remains consaant whlle the vertical speed undergoes acceleaafinn due to gravity. Whlle airborne, no amount
of leg or arm pumping or other bodlly motions can change youraang time.

—

—Sf'—-■


Name __
ToNcEprw^P

/A/sks‘

Date
PRACTICE PAGE

Chapter 3 Linear Motion
Non-Accelerated Motion
1. The sketch shows a ball rolling at constant velocity along a level floor. The ball rolls from the first position shown
to the second in 1 second. The two positions are 1 meter apart. Sketch the ball at successiee 1-second intervals
all the way to the wall (neglect resistance).

a. Did you draw successiee ball posĩtions evenly spaced, farther apart, or closer tog^tt^e^ Why?

2. Tab! I shows data of sprinting speeds
of some animate. Make whatever
compirtatioss necessary to complete
the table.

ANIMAL

DISTANCE

TIME

SPEED

CHEETAH

75 m

3s

2S m/s

GREYHOUND

160 m
1 km

Ds

GAZELEE

TURTLE
b.

30 s

100 km/h
1 cm/s

The ball reaches the wall with a speed of_____________m/s and takes a time of______________seconds.
TABLE I

Accelerated Motion

3. An object starting from rest gates a speed v= at when it undergoes uniform acceletation. The distance it covers
is d =1/2 rf. Uniform araB^a^ occuss for a ball rolling down an inclined plane. The plane below is tilted so a ball
picks up a speed of 2 m/s each second; then its acceletation a = 2 m/s2. The posĩtĩons of the ball are shown at
1-second intervate. Comp^e the six blank spaces for distance covered and the four blank spaces for speeds.

a.

Do you see that the total distance from the starting point increases as the squaee of the time? This was
discoveeed by Gailleo. If the incline were to continue, predict the ball's distance from the starting point for
the next 3 seconds.

b. Note the increase of distance between ball posìtions with time. Do you see an odd^ni^^er pattern (also
discoveeed by Gailleo) for this increase? If the inciine were to continue, predict the successĩee distances
between ball posítions for the next 3 seconds.

2
3


CONCEPTUAL

Physics

Chapter 4 Newton’s Second Law of Motion Mass and Weight
Learning physics is learning the connections among concepts in nature, and also learning to distinguísh between
clos^^yr-^^lt^tKl concep’s. Velociyy and acceleration, previously treated, are often confused. Similarly in this
chapter, we find that mass and weight are often confused. They arent the same! Please review the distinction
between mass and weight in your textboos.
To reinforce your undes-standing of this distinction, circle the correct answess below:
Comparing the ccncep’s of mass and weighr, one is basic—fundamantal—deognding only on the internal makeup of
an object and the number and kind of atoms that compose it. The concept that is fundamonral is [mass] [weight].

The concept that addítíonally depends on location in a gravirational field is [mass] [weight].
[Mass] [Weight] is a measure of the amount of matter in an object and only depends on the number and kind of

atoms that compose it.
It can correctìy be said that [mass] [weight] is a measure of “laziness” of an object.
[Mass] [Weight] is related to the g-avirational force acting on the object.
[Mass] [Weight] depends on an object’s location, whereas [mass] [weight] does not.
In other words, a stone would have the same [ma^^] [weight] whether it is on the surface of Earth or on the surface
of the Moon. However, its [mass] [weight] depends on its location.
On the Moon’s surface, where gravíty is only about 1/6 Earth gravity [mass] [weight] [both the mass and the weight]
of the stone would be the same as on Earth.
rh

Whlle mass and weight are not the same, they are [directly proportional] [inverse^ proportional] to each other. In the
same location, twice the mass has [twice] [half] the weight.
The Standard 10101^0^31X31^ (SI) unit of mass is the [kilc^^i^^n^] [newton,, and the SI unit of force is the
[kilogram] [oewton].
Io the United States, it is common io measure the mass of someming by measuring its g-avitational pull to Earth, its
weight. The common unit of weight io the U.S. is rhe [pound] [kilogram] [newton].

When I step on a weighing scale, two forc^ act on it; a downward pull of gravity, and an upward support
force. These equal and opposiee forcss effectivtly compress a spring inside the scale that is calibraedd to
show weight. Pull
Whenofin equilibrium, mt weight = mg.

gravity

Support
Force
By whatever means
(spring scales,
CONCEPTUAL
"Physics

MASS

thranx to Daniela Taylor

WEIGHT

PRACTICE PAGE
measuring balance,, etc.), find the mass
t kg
MELON
Different
massesbook.
are hung
a spring scale calibrated in newtons.
of your physics
Thenon
cornifl^^te
Chapter
4
Newton’s
Second
Law
of
Motion
Sample
Question:
The
force exerted by gravíty on 1 kg = 9i8 Ni
the table.

How
much does
a 1-kg
of nails weigh on Earth?APPLE
Converting
Mass
tobag
Weight
1N
Weight
= mass
x acceleaatinn
to gravíty
Ni
5i The force
exerted
by gravity
on 5 kg =due
_______________________
BOOK
mg also
W
= mg with
=W=
(1 mass
kg)(9.8
m/s")
= 9i8
m/s"(although
= 9i8 Ni or

simply,
W weightless
=
Objects
have
weight
they
can be
under special conditions). If you know
mg
=
(1
kg)(9.8
N/kg)
=
9i8
Ni
1i
What
is
Felicia’s
weight
in
newtons
at
Earth’s
sufface?
____you can take
the
mass

of
something
in
kilograms
and
want
its
weight
in
newtoss,
surface,
6i The force exerted by gravity on ______________________kg
= 98at
N.Earth's
A FRIEND
60ma,
kg
24When the
From
we
seeonly
that
the the
unit of force
This
is in accord
Newton's
2 law, weight
written and
as Fmass.

= ma.
forceFof=gravíty
is the
force,
advantage
of thewith
formuaa
that relates
2
equals
the
units
[kg
x
m/s
].
Can
t yousee the
4i
What
would
be
Felicia’s
weight
on
Juptter’s
surface,
where
Answer
the

following
questions:
2i Given
1own
kilogram
corresponss
2i2acc^l^at^K^n
pounds
what is g acts as a
acceletation
any
objectof
ofmass
mass
m
will
be g,to
the
of freesurface,
fall. Importantly,
Make
up that
yourof
mass
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Name

Date

CONCEPTUAL

Physics

PRACTICE PAGE

Chapter 4 Newton's Second Law of Motion A Day at the Races with a = F/m
In each situation below, Cart A has a mass of 1 kg. Circle the correct answer (A, B, or Same for both).
1. Cart A is pulled with a force of 1 N.
Cart B also has a mass of 1 kg and is pulled with a
force of 2 N.
Which undergoes the greater accelerate??

2. Cart A is pulled with a force of 1 N.
Cart B has a mass of 2 kg and is also pulled with a
force of 1 N.
Which undergoes the greater ac^^^^^^^ien?
[A]

[B] [Same for both]

t^s^s
4 3X10

3. Cart A is pulled with a force of 1 N.
Cart B has a mass of 2 kg and is pulled with a force
of 2 N.
Which undergoes the greater acceleraton?

4. Cart A is pulled with a force of 1 N.

Cart B has a mass of 3 kg and is pulled with a force
of 3 N.
Which undergoes the greater acceleraton?

[A] [B] [Same for both]

A[t- ^-t-

[A]

[B] [Same for both]

1 Ik-;'

B

;t»—

-r-p

—>■

r 4 3xio

5. This time Cart A is pulled with a force of 4 N.
Cart B has a mass of 4 kg and is pulled with a force of
4 N.
Which undergoes the greater acceleration?

6. Cart A is pulled with a force of 2 N.

Cart B has a mass of 4 kg and is pulled with a force of
3 N.
Which undergoes the greater acc^^^^^ticn'-’

[A] [B] [Same for both]

[A]

f

n

A
q

2
5
<=i=f
4 3 "x 1 o

[B] [Same for both]

J]

a.. . .Qj

thanx to Dean Baird