Lecture Exploring management - Chapter 16: Diversity and global cultures

Exploring Management

Chapter 16
Diversity and 
Global Cultures 


Chapter 16
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What should we know about diversity in
the workplace?
What should we know about diversity
among global cultures?


16.1

Diversity in the Workplace
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There is a business case for diversity

Inclusive organizational cultures value and
support diversity
Organizational subcultures can create
diversity challenges
Minorities and women suffer diversity bias
in many situations
Managing diversity should be a top
leadership priority


DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE

Business and Diversity
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Diversity
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Race, gender, age and many other individual
differences

Inclusivity
–

Degree to which an organization is open to
any one who can perform a job regardless of
race, gender, age or any other individual
difference

DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE

Business and Diversity
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Multi-cultural organization
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Based on pluralism and operates with
inclusivity and respect for diversity


DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE

Business and Diversity
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Organizational subcultures
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Groups that share interests or characteristics
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Occupations

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Ethnicity

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Religion

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Gender

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Generations


DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE

Business and Diversity
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Glass Ceiling
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Career advancement barrier to women and
minorities


DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE

Business and Diversity
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Biculturalism
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Minority members adopt characteristics of
majority cultures in order to succeed.


DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE

Managing Diversity
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Affirmative action
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Valuing differences
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Management commitment to hiring and
advancing women and minorities
Education and training to understand and
respect differences

Managing diversity
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Building an inclusive network that allows
everyone to reach his or her potential


DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE

Managing Diversity


16.2

Global Cultures
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Culture shock comes from discomfort in
cross-cultural situations
Cultural intelligence is the capacity to
adapt to foreign cultures
The “silent” languages of cultures include
context, time and space
Hofstede identifies five value differences

among national cultures
Country clusters show cultural differences


GLOBAL CULTURES

Culture Shock
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Culture shock comes from discomfort in
cross-cultural situations
Stages include:


GLOBAL CULTURES

Cultural Intelligence
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Cultural intelligence includes
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Self awareness

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Flexibility

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Sensitivity

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Willingness to learn

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Willingness to
modify behavior


GLOBAL CULTURES

Cultures
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Low-context
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Emphasize communication via spoken or
written words

High-context
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Rely on unspoken or situational
cues as well as spoken or
written words in communication


GLOBAL CULTURES

Cultures
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Monochronic
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People tend to do one thing at a time

Polychronic
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People accomplish many different things at
once


GLOBAL CULTURES

Cultures
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Proxemics

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How people use interpersonal space to
communicate


GLOBAL CULTURES

Culture
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Hofstede’s five value differences among
national cultures:


GLOBAL CULTURES

Hofstede’s Five Values


GLOBAL CULTURES

Cultures
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Ecological fallacy
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Mistaken belief that a generalization about a
culture applies equally to everyone in that

culture

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Example: does he represent all
Americans?


GLOBE Dimensions
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Power distance

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Uncertainty avoidance

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Gender egalitarianism

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Future orientation

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Institutional collectivism

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In-group collectivism

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Assertiveness

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Performance orientation